2020版新教材高中英语课时素养评价七Unit3外研版必修3 9页

课时素养评价七 Unit 3 The world of science Starting out & Understanding ideas Ⅰ. 单句语法填空 ‎1. (2019·全国卷Ⅰ)It turns out that just looking at green, growing things can reduce stress, lower blood pressure (press), and put people into a better mood. ‎ ‎2. He shot (shoot) at a bird and missed it. ‎ ‎3. Lanier invented the term “virtual reality(real)” and pioneered its early development. ‎ ‎4. Wearable (wear) technology is getting a lot of attention these days. ‎ ‎5. Online education gives students enough flexibility (flexible). ‎ ‎6. He is always ready to help others, desiring (desire) nothing. ‎ ‎7. Additional (addition) courses may be taken if desired. ‎ ‎8. Kids don’t understand how technology can be applied to careers in addition to computing (compute). ‎ ‎9. The car was capable of 110 miles per hour. ‎ ‎10. But Fred was bored and desired to go(go)home.  ‎ Ⅱ. 完成句子 ‎1. George Orwell, whose real name was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and essays.  ‎ 乔治·奥威尔, 本名艾瑞克·亚瑟, 写过许多政治小说和散文。‎ ‎2. It is not easy to become a doctor in the United States.  ‎ 在美国成为一名医生很不容易。‎ ‎3. It was on Monday night that all this happened.  ‎ 所有这一切发生在周一晚上。‎ ‎4. The news that/which you told me yesterday is true.  ‎ 昨天你告诉我的消息是真的。‎ ‎5. That was why he failed to pass the exam.  ‎ 那就是他考试不及格的原因。‎ - 9 -‎ Ⅰ. 阅读理解世纪金榜导学号 A ‎ (2019·长春高一检测)‎ ‎　　Alexa is a form of artificial intelligence, or AI for short. Many people start their mornings by asking Alexa for the weather forecast or the latest news. A device (设备) that houses Alexa can also play music from your favorite playlists, keep a shopping list, order takeout food, answer questions, send messages and even run “smart” home controls. ‎ ‎　　Training AI systems to respond to problems with human-like intelligence and learn from their mistakes can take months, or even years. Consider Alexa and similar software, such as Apple’s Siri. To do the tasks its human owners ask, these systems must make sense of and then respond to sentences such as, “Alexa, play my Ed Sheeran playlist” or “Siri, what is the capital of India? ”‎ ‎　　Computers can’t understand language as it is spoken by people. So AI researchers must find a way to help humans communicate with computers. The technology used to get computers to “understand” human speech or text is known as natural language processing. By natural language, computer scientists refer to the way people naturally talk or write. To teach an AI system a task like comprehending (理解) a sentence or responding to a person’s last move in a board game, scientists need to feed it lots of examples. ‎ ‎　　AlphaGo is an AI system designed by Google that has beaten a human champion, Lee Sedol, at the strategy (策略) board game Go. To train AlphaGo, Google had to show it 30 million Go moves that people had made while playing the game. Then AlphaGo used what it learned to analyze those plays as it played against different versions (版本) of itself. During this practice, the program came up with new moves—ones never seen in games between people. ‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇科普说明文, 文章介绍了AI可以在我们的生活中发挥很重要的作用, 同时还介绍了科学家对AI技术的研究和探索。‎ - 9 -‎ ‎1. What does the example of Alexa show? ‎ A. AI may replace humans one day. ‎ B. AI is playing a role in our modern life. ‎ C. AI has been widely used around the world. ‎ D. AI has totally changed people’s bad habits. ‎ ‎【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“A device that houses Alexa can also play music from your favorite playlists, keep a shopping list, order takeout food, answer questions, send messages and even run “smart” home controls. ”可知这些运用Alexa的例子主要是为了告诉我们AI在我们的现代生活中起着很重要的作用。‎ ‎2. How do scientists train AI systems? ‎ A. By testing them thousands of times. ‎ B. By teaching them almost everything. ‎ C. By giving them quite a lot of tasks to do. ‎ D. By providing them with large amounts of data. ‎ ‎【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“To teach an AI system a task like comprehending a sentence or responding to a person’s last move in a board game, scientists need to feed it lots of examples. ”可知研究人员给AI系统很多例子, 使其理解相关的含义。也就是说科学家给AI系统提供了很多的数据。‎ ‎3. What can we learn about AlphaGo? ‎ A. It has become very skillful and intelligent. ‎ B. It is the most convenient AI system. ‎ C. It avoids making any mistakes. ‎ D. It just follows human orders. ‎ ‎【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“AlphaGo is an AI system designed by Google that has beaten a human champion, Lee Sedol, at the strategy board game Go. ”可知AlphaGo在围棋棋艺上很出色, 甚至击败了世界冠军李世石, 说明它棋艺纯熟, 特别聪明。‎ B ‎　　Teenagers in America know that they’ll possibly need technical skills to find good jobs, but a new survey reveals that interest in technology-related careers may be decreasing. ‎ - 9 -‎ ‎　　The percentage of boys aged 13 to 17 who are interested in science, technology, engineering and math or STEM careers dropped from 36 percent in 2017 to 24 percent this year, according to a survey by Junior Achievement USA. The amount of girls interested in STEM careers stayed unchanged. ‎ ‎　　But the 1, 000 survey participants still named technology as one of two key skills that will be necessary to prepare them for their future careers. ‎ ‎　　“Kids don’t understand how technology can be applied to careers in addition to computers, and maybe robotics, ”said Tammera L. Holmes, president of aviation consulting firm AeroStar Consulting(航空咨询公司). “That’s all they know, so they can’t really translate that interest to career pathways. ”‎ ‎　　When Holmes was in high school, her mom sent her to an event that featured (以……为专题) the pilots from World War Ⅱ. One of the pilots took her for a ride and let her take the wheel. “Immediately that was the career for me, ”she said. ‎ ‎　　Women remain outnumbered (超过) by men in fields like technology. For people working to increase the number of women in these areas, the lack of growth in girls, interest in STEM careers is concerning. ‎ ‎　　Teenage girls are more interested than their male classmates in running after careers in which they can help others, said Ed Grocholski from Junior Achievement. Even with all the programs aimed at increasing girls’ interest in STEM, “I don’t think we really talk that much about how we improve people’s lives through STEM, ” Grocholski said. ‎ ‎　　Society needs to do better at making those connections for kids, said Katherine Latham, founder of an engineering firm. She used civil engineering as an example of a career that will continue to be important. ‎ ‎　　However, the fact that students know they will need tech skills in their future careers is encouraging. ‎ ‎　　The second skill they said they need is relationship-building. ‎ ‎　　“That’s going to be the new type of engineers, ” Latham said. ‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 调查显示人们对科技相关职业的兴趣正在下降, 本文分析了造成这一结果的原因。‎ - 9 -‎ ‎4. What is the passage mainly about? ‎ A. Some successful examples of kids choosing tech careers. ‎ B. Reasons behind teenagers, decreasing interest in tech careers. ‎ C. The difference in choice of jobs between boys and girls in America. ‎ D. The popularity of tech careers among kids and its reasons. ‎ ‎【解析】选B。主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“but a new survey reveals that interest in technology-related careers may be decreasing”可知, 调查显示人们对科技相关职业的兴趣正在下降, 本文分析了造成这一结果的原因, 故B项正确。‎ ‎5. What is the reason behind kids’ losing interest in tech careers? ‎ A. They see tech careers as boring. ‎ B. They find tech skills less important than before. ‎ C. They don’t think tech careers can bring rewards. ‎ D. They can’t connect their tech interest with future careers. ‎ ‎【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第四段中的“so they can’t really translate that interest to career pathways”可知, 孩子们对科技相关职业失去兴趣的原因是他们无法将那种兴趣转化为职业道路。‎ ‎6. What can we learn from Grocholski’s words? ‎ A. STEM careers have nothing to do with people’s lives. ‎ B. Teenage girls are interested in running after STEM careers. ‎ C. The relationship between STEM careers and the improvement of people’s lives isn’t explained enough. ‎ D. Teenagers don’t know how to improve people’s lives through STEM. ‎ ‎【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第七段中的“I don’t think we really talk that much about how we improve people’s lives through STEM”可知, 我们并没有过多地谈论如何通过科技来改善人们的生活, 也就是说科技相关职业与人们生活改善之间的关系并没有得到充分的解释。‎ ‎7. What aroused Holmes’ interest in her career? ‎ A. A summer camp for pilots. ‎ B. Her parents’ wish for her. ‎ C. A report about the life of pilots. ‎ - 9 -‎ D. Her flight experience with a pilot. ‎ ‎【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第五段中的“One of the pilots took her for a ride and let her take the wheel ‘Immediately that was the career for me, ’she said. ”可知, 一个飞行员带她兜风的经历让她决定从事飞行职业, 这次飞行经历引起了她对这个职业的兴趣, 故D项正确。‎ ‎　　　　　‎ ‎【名师点津】‎ ‎　　主旨大意题的难度较大, 抓住文章主题是关键, 报道类的文章一般开篇就点明主题, 例如本篇第4题, 根据第一段中的“but a new survey reveals that interest in technology-related careers may be decreasing”可知, 调查显示人们对科技相关职业的兴趣正在下降, 下文分析了造成这一结果的原因。‎ Ⅱ. 阅读填句 ‎　　根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ ‎(2019·南通高一检测)‎ ‎　　Ambition (志向, 抱负) is a necessary quality in life. It is the force which drives us on to use whatever talent we have got 　1　, these talents will not be used for our own and others’ benefit. Without ambition we are just jellyfish that flop though life. We only react to events: we don’t try to control them.  ‎ ‎　　　2　. First of all, it can be unrealistic. We may not be able to see the limits of our own abilities, so we do ambitious things that are completely beyond us. Some people can see our good qualities and our limitations objectively. They may tell us that we haven’t the ability. We refuse to take their evaluation. We keep on trying. Many years and many disappointments later we are forced to accept their judgment. But what a waste of time our ill-founded ambition has caused us!  ‎ ‎　　Besides, our ambition can be too concentrated. We devote our attention to one narrow aim, such as getting distinctions in our science subjects. Everything that may draw us away from this aim is cut out of our lives. In the end we get our distinctions. But we are isolated beings who only care about particular examinations. And we probably won’t make good scientists 　3　.  ‎ - 9 -‎ ‎　　And our ambition can be limited to lifeless objectives. 　4　 Persons who feel inferior try to make up by seeking the respect of others through owning these artificial signs of worth.  ‎ ‎　　　5　 But, like all blind forces, it must be directed if not to cause disaster.  ‎ A. Still, ambition can have several disadvantages B. Because our ambition may make us among selfish people C. Unless we have got some degree of ambition D. since we don’t have the breadth of view necessary for greater success E. Ambition is necessary in the lives of individuals F. As long as tightly controlled by the head and the heart G. We want to gain money, or power, or membership of some circles ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 介绍了虽然抱负在个人生活中是必要的, 但是它也有缺点。‎ ‎1. 【解析】选C。根据本空后的“these talents will not be used for our own and others’ benefit”可知, 否则这些才能不会被用于我们自己和他人的利益, 此处需要提到一个条件, 故C项(除非我们有某种程度的抱负)符合语境。‎ ‎2. 【解析】选A。根据下文内容可知, 下文介绍了抱负的几个缺点, 故A项(然而, 抱负也有几个缺点)符合语境。‎ ‎3. 【解析】选D。根据本空前的“But we are isolated beings who only care about particular examinations. And we probably won’t make good scientists”可知, 我们只关心特定的考试, 我们可能不会成为优秀的科学家, 此处说的是有关限制我们成功的内容, 故D项(因为我们的视野不够开阔, 不足以取得更大的成功)符合语境。‎ ‎4. 【解析】选G。根据本空后的“Persons who feel inferior try to make up by seeking the respect of others through owning these artificial signs of worth. ”可知, 自卑的人试图通过拥有这些虚假的价值的标志赢得别人的尊重, 此处应该会提到几个虚假的价值的标志, these artificial signs of worth 指代的就是G项中的money, or power, or membership of some circles, 故G项(我们想要得到金钱、权力或者成为某些圈子的一员)符合语境。‎ ‎5. 【解析】选E。根据本空后的“But, like all blind forces, it must be directed if - 9 -‎ ‎ not to cause disaster. ”可知, 但是, 像所有盲目的武装力量一样, 想要不造成灾难, 也需要加以指导, 前后是转折关系, 此处应该提到抱负值得肯定的方面, 故E项(抱负在个人生活中是必要的)符合语境。‎ ‎【名师点津】在七选五的解题过程中, 上下文中出现的具有转折关系的连词是重要线索, 例如本篇第5题, But表明前后是转折关系, 后面说想要不造成灾难, 也需要加以指导, 前面应该提到抱负值得肯定的方面, 由此可知, E项(抱负在个人生活中是必要的)符合语境。‎ ‎【阅读多维训练】‎ 根据阅读理解A完成下列习题 ‎1. 句式仿写 A device that houses Alexa can also play music from your favorite playlists, keep a shopping list, order takeout food, answer questions, send messages and even run “smart” home controls.  ‎ 安装了Alexa的设备还可以播放你最喜欢的播放列表中的音乐、保留购物清单、订购外卖、回答问题、发送信息, 甚至运行“智能”家庭控件。‎ 句式仿写: ‎ 昨天你告诉我的消息很令人兴奋。‎ The news that you told me yesterday was really exciting.  ‎ ‎2. 句式分析 To train AlphaGo, Google had to show it 30 million Go moves that people had made while playing the game. ‎ 分析: 本句是主从复合句。其中To train AlphaGo是动词不定式作目的状语; show it 30 million Go moves是show接双宾语; that people had made是that引导的定语从句, 修饰moves; while playing the game是时间状语从句while they were playing the game的省略形式。‎ 译文: 为了训练Alphago, 谷歌不得不向它输入人们在下围棋时所走的3 000万步棋。 ‎ ‎3. 文章结构分析 Theme The effect of AI Part 1 (Para. 1):‎ Introduce Alexa—a form of Alexa is a form of artificial intelligence. A device that houses Alexa can do many things.‎ - 9 -‎ ‎ AI Part 2 (Para. 2 and Para. 3 ): How to train AI systems Training AI systems to respond to problems with human-like intelligence and learn from their mistakes can take months, or even years. By natural language, computer scientists refer to the way people naturally talk or write.‎ Part 3 (Para. 4): Another example of AI—AlphaGo AlphaGo is an AI system designed by Google that has beaten a human champion, Lee Sedol, at the strategy board game Go.‎ - 9 -‎