江苏省南京市十校2020届高三下学期5月调研考试英语试题 Word版含解析 37页

www.ks5u.com 江苏省南京市十校2020届高三下学期5月调研 英语 试题 第I卷 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分20分）‎ 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。‎ 第一节（共5小题：每小题1分，满分5分）‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ ‎1.What does the man want to do？‎ A. Send mail to Sally. B. Contact Mary. C. Get Mary's address.‎ ‎2.How long will ittake the woman to reach Beijing by train？‎ A. 5 hours. B. 7 hours. C. 10 hours.‎ ‎3.What are the speakers mainly talking about？‎ A. A new dress. B. The weather. C. A recent event.‎ ‎4.What can we learn about the man's new roommate？‎ A. He really likes potatoes.‎ B. He is fond of watching TV.‎ C. He seldom visits his parents.‎ ‎5.What is the man looking for？‎ A. Gloves. B. Bus tickets. C. A pen.‎ 第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）‎ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ - 37 -‎ 听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。‎ ‎6.When will Mr.Miller pick up the speakers？‎ A. At 9：00 am. B.At2：00pm. C. At 5：00 pm.‎ ‎7.Where will the speakers be at 6：00 pm？‎ A. In the hotel. B. On the banana farm. C. In the butterfly park.‎ 听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10三个小题。‎ ‎8.Who is the woman？‎ A. An architect. B.A saleswoman.. C.A gallery worker.‎ ‎9. How did the man know about the gallery?‎ A. From his friend. B. From a website. C. From a magazine.‎ ‎10. What does the man think of the exhibition?‎ A. He didn't like it at all.‎ B. He liked the video a lot.‎ C. He found the paintings great.‎ 听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13三个小题。‎ ‎11.What will the woman do on Saturday？‎ A. See a film. B. Do the housework. C. Visit her parents.‎ ‎12.When did the man's family move to the US？‎ A. Before he was born.‎ B. When he was a young child.‎ C. When he was a teenager.‎ ‎13.What do we know about boys in Indian families？‎ A. They don't help with the housework.‎ B. They're expected to work at anearly age.‎ C. They must take care of their sisters.‎ - 37 -‎ 听下面一段对话，回答第14至第17四个小题。‎ ‎14.Where does Dr.Gucci work？‎ A. In Paris. B. InLondon. C. InBergamo.‎ ‎15.When will Mr.Wilkinson leave for the airport？‎ A. At about 6:30 am. B. At about 5:30 am. C. At about 4:15am ‎16.With whom will Mr.Wilkinson have lunch on Monday？‎ A. Gavin. B. Gianni Riva. C. Mr.Brown.‎ ‎17.What is Linda most probably？‎ A. A secretary. B. A tour guide. C. A saleswoman.‎ 听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20三个小题。‎ ‎18.What is the passage mainly about？‎ A. The origin of advertising.‎ B. The prosperity of advertising.‎ C. The importance of advertising.‎ ‎19.What's the financial source of the mass media？‎ A. Advertisements.‎ B. The private businesses.‎ C. The local governments.‎ ‎20.What does the speaker talk about at last？‎ A. Ways of advertising.‎ B. The popularity of advertisements.‎ C. People's opinions on advertising.‎ 第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）‎ 第一节：单项填空（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）‎ 请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在 答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ - 37 -‎ ‎1.This year's English movie dubbing competition will be held, but no date has yet been set for the ________of the entries to be selected.‎ A. commission B. submission C. association D. occupation ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：今年的英语电影配音比赛将会举行，但是目前还没有确定提交参赛作品的日期。A. commission委员会，服务费；B. submission提交，服从，投降；C. association协会，联合；D. occupation职业，占有。根据but no date has yet been set可知此处表示提交参赛作品。故选B项。‎ ‎【点睛】此处考查了名词作定语的用法。英语名词在句中的句法功能如下： ‎ ‎1.作主语 ‎ This book is very useful. 这本书很有用。‎ ‎2.作表语 ‎ My brother is a worker. 我弟弟是个工人。‎ She is a writer. 她是个作家。‎ ‎3.作宾语或宾补 ‎ He finished his task on time. 他按时完成了他的任务。‎ ‎4.作定语 ‎ He got three gold medals at 23rd Olympic Games. 他在第二十三届奥运会上取得了三块金牌。‎ a golden medal 金色的奖牌（颜色，非材料） ‎ ‎6.作同位语 ‎ Mr. Smith, our leader, is speaking now. 史密斯先生，我们的领导，正在讲话。‎ ‎2.I could speak their language and ________ with their problems because I had been there.‎ A. interfere B. interpret C. identify D. interact ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我能说他们的语言，认同他们的问题，因为我曾经在那里过。A. interfere干涉，妨碍，打扰；B. interpret解释，翻译；C.‎ - 37 -‎ ‎ identify识别，鉴别，辨认出，确定；D. interact互动，互相影响。短语identify with认同…，是固定搭配。故选C项。‎ ‎3.Graduates are inspired to think outside the box and innovate，breaking free from _______ methods.‎ A. conventional B. confidential C. contradictory D. comprehensive ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：毕业生们会受到启发，跳出固有思维模式，进行创新，打破常规。A. conventional传统的，符合习俗的；B. confidential机密的，表示信任的；C. contradictory矛盾的，反对的；D. comprehensive综合的，广泛的。根据breaking free可知此处表示打破常规的方法。故选A项。‎ ‎4.There are other languages that sound extremely different, ________ they’re conveying exactly the same meaning.‎ A. as though B. even though C. so that D. in that ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查连词。句意：有些语言听起来非常不同，即使它们传达的意思完全相同。A. as though好像，仿佛；B. even though尽管，即使；C. so that以便，所以；D. in that因为，由于，既然。根据they’re conveying exactly the same meaning可知此处要用连词even though引导让步状语从句。故选B项。‎ ‎【点睛】本题考查了even though引导让步状语从句。even though/if表示“即使；尽管”，两者的意思和用法都差不多，可以互换，其位置可位于句首，也可以置于句末。如：‎ He will come on time even though it rains.‎ 即使下雨，他还是会准时来的。‎ Even though you do not like it, you must do it.‎ 即使你不喜欢这工作，你也得做。‎ We should practice economy even if we are rich.‎ 即使我们富裕了也仍应该厉行节约。‎ He keeps his hat on even if he is at home.‎ - 37 -‎ 他即使在家也是一直戴着帽子。‎ ‎5.His eyes locked with mine，and I guessed he _____ the decision right then whether or not to simply tell me the truth.‎ A. made B. would make C. was making D. had made ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：他的眼睛盯着我，我猜他当时就在做决定，要不要告诉我真相。根据right then“就在那时”，可知此处时态是过去进行时，且主语是he。故选C项。‎ ‎6.Interested in painting, he________ paint with pen and paper after work, gradually cultivating himself into a self-taught painter.‎ A. would B. must C. might D. should ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查情态动词。句意：他对绘画很感兴趣，下班后会用笔和纸画画，逐渐把自己培养成一个自学成才的画家。根据gradually cultivating himself into a self-taught painter可知此处要用would，表示过去的习惯或者反复性的动作。故选A项。‎ ‎7.The author’s description is vivid and thorough, and this ________ a very good read.‎ A. enters for B. falls for C. makes for D. calls for ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：作者的描述生动透彻，值得一读。A. enters for参加（竞赛，活动等）；B. falls for迷恋，信以为真；C. makes for导致，有助于，走向；D. calls for要求，需要，提倡，邀请，为…叫喊。根据The author’s description is vivid and thorough可知此处表示导致的结果是值得读一读。故选C项。‎ ‎8.Many banks have announced to lower interest rates ________ the general depression A. in sympathy with B. in contrast to C. in parallel with D. in proportion to ‎【答案】A - 37 -‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：许多银行已宣布降低利率以应对大萧条。A. in sympathy with同意，赞成，应对；B. in contrast to与…形成对照，相比之下；C. in parallel with与…同时，与平行；D. in proportion to与…相称，与…成比例。根据the general depression可知此处表示应对大萧条。故选A项。‎ ‎9.The Oscars have been around for so long that they serve as an indicator of ________ the Hollywood community values now and in the past.‎ A. that B. where C. how D. what ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 考查宾语从句。句意：奥斯卡奖多年来一直充当好莱坞社区现在和过去所注重的指标。介词of后面的从句中value一词明显缺少宾语成分，故要使用what做宾语，意为“所……的（事）”，故选D。‎ ‎10.________ the mistake in the beginning, the problem could have been prevented at its source.‎ A. Had not the company ignored B. If the companydidn't ignore C. Had the company not ignored D. Would the companynot ignore ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查虚拟语气省略句的倒装句。句意：如果公司在一开始没有忽略这个错误，这个问题本来是可以从源头上预防的。根据the problem could have been prevented at its source可知此处表示与过去事实相反的虚拟，即If the company had not ignored，此处省略了if，因此要用倒装句，即要把助动词提前到主语前面，否定词not不能提前。故选C项。‎ ‎【点睛】本题考查了If的虚拟语气中的对过去事实相反情况的省略形式。当从句中含有were/should/had的形式时，If可以省略，但句子应为倒装形式，即were/should/had要提前置于句首。‎ ‎1.对过去事实相反的情况：‎ If we had found him earlier, we could have saved his life.‎ 要是我们当时早点找到他的话，我们就可以救活他。‎ ‎→Had we found him earlier，we could have saved his life.‎ - 37 -‎ ‎2.对现在或将来事实相反的情况：‎ If she were here, she would attend the meeting too.‎ 如果她在这里，她也参加会议。‎ ‎→Were she here, she would attend the meeting too.‎ ‎3.对将来事实相反的的情况：‎ If it should rain tomorrow, we should have to stay at home.‎ 若明天下雨，我们只好呆在家里。‎ ‎→Should it rain tomorrow, we should have to stay at home.‎ 注意：若遇到否定词not时，不能与were/should/had缩略为Weren’t/Shouldn’t/Hadn’t而置于句首。如：‎ If I hadn’t warned you, you could have been killed.‎ 正确：Had I not warned you, you could have been killed.‎ 错误：Hadn’t I warned you, you could have been killed.‎ ‎11.Currently AI is used mostly in the tech industry, ________ it has created efficiencies and produced new products and services.‎ A. when B. about which C. where D. of which ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查非限制性定语从句的关系词。句意：目前，人工智能主要用于科技行业，它提高了效率，产生了新产品和服务。根据it has created efficiencies and produced new products and services可知此句是一个非限制性定语从句，且主谓宾结构完整，缺少状语成分，由先行词是the tech industry，可知此处要用关系副词where，且where在定语从句中作地点状语。故选C项。‎ ‎12.By the time of the ban was finally lifted, he ________ at the airport for more than two weeks.‎ A. was stuck B. had been stuck C. has been stuck D. had stuck ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：当禁令最终解除时，他已经在机场滞留了两个多星期。根据By the time of the ban was finally - 37 -‎ ‎ lifted可知此处的时态是过去完成时，再由主语是he，与stick之间是动宾关系，因此要用过去完成时的被动语态。故选B项。‎ ‎【点睛】本题考查了过去完成时的被动语态。过去完成时的被动语态常用于以下情况：‎ ‎（1）表示过去某一时间以前已经完成的动作，常与after，up till，by，before等引导的时间状语连用。‎ By the time he got to school, the first period had been finished.‎ All the film tickets have been sold out when I got to the cinema.‎ Had the new plan been discussed before the meeting?‎ The classroom hadn’t been cleaned before the teacher came.‎ ‎（2）根据语意可以判断出动作先后的被动语态，用过去完成时。‎ As the assignment had been done, he went on to search the Internet.‎ ‎13.The victims lived temporarily in shelters, and the earthquake ________ everything, they became homeless.‎ A. destroyed B. having destroyed C. destroying D. to destroy ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：灾民暂时住在避难所，地震摧毁了一切，他们无家可归。根据逻辑主语the earthquake与destroy之间的主谓关系，且destroy的动作发生在they became homeless之前，因此要用现在分词的完成式。故选B项。‎ ‎【点睛】本题考查了现在分词的完成式。非谓语中的having done是现在分词的完成式，它表示主动的动作，并且动作发生在谓语动词之前，常常作状语来修饰动词。例句：‎ Not having had anything for the whole day, he wolfed down three bowls of rice.‎ Having seen him before, I know what he is like.‎ Having graduated from high school, he became a journalist.‎ ‎14.---I think there may be another way to handle the housing problem.‎ ‎--- . The floating cities are perhaps an alternative solution.‎ A. I beg to differ B. I think otherwise C. You have me there D. You have a point there ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ - 37 -‎ ‎【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我认为还有别的方法解决住房问题？——你说得对，漂浮城市可能是一个选择。I beg for differ我不敢苟同；I think otherwise 我有另一番想法；you have me there 你难住我了；you have a point there 你说的有道理。根据句意，回答者同意说话人的观点，故D项符合语境。‎ ‎15.—I used to make my father angry but now we’re getting along very well.‎ ‎—So I bet you were ________when young.‎ A. a black sheep B. a real weed C. a man in the street D. a real little devil ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我过去常惹我父亲生气，但现在我们相处得很好。——我敢说你年轻时一定是个小恶魔。A. a black sheep败家子，害群之马；B. a real weed瘦弱的人；C. a man in the street普通人，贩夫走卒；D. a real little devil小恶魔。根据I used to make my father angry可知此处表示另一方开玩笑说说话人是小恶魔。故选D项。‎ 第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）‎ 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ At the mid-May in 2018, the 69 year-old amputee(被截肢者) Xia Boyu finally stood proud on two artificial legs on the peak of Mount Qomolangma, a symbol showcasing to the world the power of___16___.‎ More than 40 years ago, Xia___17___ both of his feet to frost bite after lending his sleeping bag to a team member during the trip to climb Mount Qomolangma.‎ Even though artificial legs were not ___18___in China at the time, Xia strongly ___19___ that he would one day fulfill his ___20___dream and so, before that day came, the best thing to do was to___21___ himself by training constantly. Three years later he finally got his new legs, which enabled him to____22____his sports career.‎ However, fate once again took a ___23___turn when he was in his 40s. In 1993, illness developed on the stumps(残肢) on his legs, which required ___24___ third of his lower legs be amputated. Three years after that, he was diagnosed with lymph - 37 -‎ ‎ cancer.‎ Over the years, Xia never gave up his dream of climbing Mount Qomolangma. ______25______ to his final successful climb in 2018, he had tried four other times to climb to the summit, but each time Lady Luck gave him the ______26______ .‎ The last time he ______27______ his dream was in 2016. The then 67-year-oldwas only 94 meters from the summit, but a snow storm ______28______ his way. Taking his team members’ ______29______ into consideration, Xia made the ______30______ decision to go back.‎ On May14, Xia felt ______31______ and a strong sense of fulfillment ______32______in him, standing on the peak of the highest mountain in the world.‎ The key is to focus on your dreams, instead of the ______33______ you encounter along the way. I didn’t regret anything that I had done and accepted everything that life had ______34______ me, but I never stopped fighting against ______35______ ,”Xia said, stressing that fulfilling one’s dream has nothing to do with age, disability or the thoughts or expectations of others, but a firm belief in yourself.‎ ‎16. A. strength B. dream C. confidence D. mind ‎17. A. cost B. gave C. lost D. paid ‎18. A. affordable B. acceptable C. available D. reachable ‎19. A. confirmed B. assured C. hoped D. believed ‎20. A. unfinished B. unchallenged C. unsolved D. unreached ‎21. A. pressure B. present C. preserve D. prepare ‎22. A. take B. begin C. complete D. continue ‎23. A. sudden B. sharp C. dark D. good ‎24. A. one B. another C. the other D. other ‎25. A. Previous B. Contrary C. Back D. Similar ‎26. A. tough nut B. red carpet C. cold shoulder D. last straw ‎27. A. put effort into B. devoted himself to C. got close to D. threw - 37 -‎ ‎ himself into ‎28. A. blanketed B. blocked C. bathed D. smoothed ‎29. A. honour B. safety C. credit D. struggle ‎30. A. final B. disappointing C. wise D. heartbreaking ‎31. A. tiredness B. relief C. pain D. 1oneliness ‎32. A. welled up B. showed up C. came up D. sprang up ‎33. A. distrust B. doubt C. hardships D. criticism ‎34. A. thrown at B. provided for C. arranged for D. distributed to ‎35. A. challenges B. fear C. fate D. misbelief ‎【答案】16. B 17. C 18. C 19. D 20. A 21. D 22. D 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. C 28. B 29. B 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. A 35. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章介绍了夏伯宇不断尝试登上珠穆朗玛峰的经历。终于在2018年5月中旬，69岁的截肢者夏伯宇用两条义肢自豪地站在了珠穆朗玛峰的顶峰，向世界展示了梦想的力量。这告诉我们：实现梦想无关年龄，残疾或他人的想法和期望，只与自己坚定的信念有关。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：2018年5月中旬，69岁的截肢者夏伯玉终于用两条义肢自豪地站在了珠穆朗玛峰的顶峰上，向世界展示了梦想的力量。A. strength力量，长处；B. dream梦想；C. confidence自信；D. mind照顾，介意。根据the 69 year-old amputee Xia Boyu finally stood proud on two artificial legs on the peak of Mount Qomolangma可知此处表示梦想的力量。故选B。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ - 37 -‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：40多年前，在攀登珠穆朗玛峰的过程中，夏把睡袋借给队友，结果双脚被冻伤，失去了双脚。A. cost花费，付出；B. gave给予；C. lost失去。遗失；D. paid支付。根据stood proud on two artificial legs可知此处表示失去了双腿。故选C。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管当时中国还没有假肢，但夏坚信总有一天他会实现自己未完成的梦想，所以在那一天到来之前，最好的办法就是通过不断的训练来为自己做准备。A. affordable负担得起的；B. acceptable可接受的；C. available可获得的，可找到的；D. reachable可获得的，可达成的。根据下文Three years later he finally got his new legs可知那时还没有假肢。故选C。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管当时中国还没有假肢，但夏坚信总有一天他会实现自己未完成的梦想，所以在那一天到来之前，最好的办法就是通过不断的训练来为自己做准备。A. confirmed确认，坚定；B. assured弄清，确信；C. hoped希望；D. believed相信。根据one day可知此处表示他坚信那一天会到来。故选D。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管当时中国还没有假肢，但夏坚信总有一天他会实现自己未完成的梦想，所以在那一天到来之前，最好的办法就是通过不断的训练来为自己做准备。A. unfinished未完成的；B. unchallenged不成问题的；C. unsolved未解决的，未解答的；D. unreached未达到的。根据before that day came可知此处表示未完成的梦想。故选A。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管当时中国还没有假肢，但夏坚信总有一天他会实现自己未完成梦想，所以在那一天到来之前，最好的办法就是通过不断的训练来为自己做准备。A. pressure压力，压迫；B. present现在，目前；C. preserve保护区；D. prepare准备。根据by training constantly可知此处表示他通过不断的训练来为自己做准备。故选D。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：三年后，他终于有了新的双腿，这使他能够继续他的运动生涯。A. take拿，采取。接受；B. begin开始，首先；C. complete完成；D. continue继续。根据Three years later he finally got his new legs可知此处表示他能够继续他的运动生涯。故选D。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ - 37 -‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，在他40多岁的时候，命运再次发生了黑暗的转折。A. sudden突然的，意外的；B. sharp急剧的；C. dark黑暗的，模糊的；D. good好的。根据下文Three years after that, he was diagnosed with lymph cancer.可知此处表示命运再次发生了黑暗的转折。故选C。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：1993年，他腿上的残肢开始发病，又有三分之一的小腿被截肢。A. one唯一的；B. another不同的，类似的；C. the other 另一个的；D. other其他的，另外的。根据third of his lower legs be amputated可知此处表示又有三分之一的小腿被截肢。故选B。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在2018年最后一次成功登顶之前，他曾尝试过另外四次登顶，但每次都遭到了幸运女神的冷遇。A. Previous以前的，早先的；B. Contrary相反的；C. Back后面的，过去的；D. Similar相似的。根据he had tried four other times to climb to the summit可知表示在2018年最后一次成功登顶之前。故选A。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查情景交际。句意：在2018年最后一次成功登顶之前，他曾尝试过另外四次登顶，但每次都遭到了幸运女神的冷遇。A. tough nut大胆果断的人，暴躁的人；B. red carpet红地毯；C. cold shoulder冷遇，闭门羹；D. last straw最后一根稻草，最后一击。根据转折词but可知此处表示每次都遭到了幸运女神的冷遇。故选C。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他最后一次接近自己的梦想是在2016年。A. put effort into把精力花费在；B. devoted himself to致力于，献身于；C. got close to接近于，靠近；D. threw himself into积极从事。根据下文The then 67-year-oldwas only 94 meters from the summit可知此处表示2016年是他最后一次接近自己的梦想。故选C。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时67岁的他距离峰顶只有94米，但是一场暴风雪挡住了他的去路。A. blanketed覆盖，遮掩；B. blocked阻塞；C. bathed沐浴；D. smoothed使顺利，缓和。根据but a snow storm可知此处表示暴风雪挡住了他的去路。故选B。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：考虑到队员的安全，夏做出了令人心碎的决定，回去。A.‎ - 37 -‎ ‎ honour尊敬；B. safety安全；C. credit信用，信誉；D. struggle斗争，冲突。根据上文a snow storm可知此处表示考虑到队员的安全。故选B。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：考虑到队员的安全，夏做出了令人心碎的决定，回去。A. final最终的，决定性的；B. disappointing令人失望的；C. wise明智的，聪明的；D. heartbreaking令人心碎的。根据decision to go back可知这个决定是令他心碎的。故选D。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：5月14日，站在世界最高峰的山顶上，夏如释重负，一种强烈的成就感油然而生。A. tiredness疲劳，疲倦；B. relief解除，减轻；C. pain疼痛；D. loneliness孤独。根据standing on the peak of the highest mountain in the world可知此处表示此时他如释重负。故选B。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：5月14日，站在世界最高峰的山顶上，夏如释重负，一种强烈的成就感油然而生。A. welled up涌现，流露，萌发；B. showed up露面，露出，揭露；C. came up走近，发生，开始，上升，发芽，被提出；D. sprang up出现，涌现，萌芽。根据a strong sense of fulfillment可知此处表示一种强烈的成就感涌现出来了。故选A。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：关键是要专注于你的梦想，而不是你一路上遇到的困难。A. distrust不信任；B. doubt怀疑；C. hardships艰难；D. criticism苛求，批评。根据instead of和you encounter along the way可知此处表示一路上遇到的困难。故选C。‎ ‎34题详解】‎ 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：“我不后悔我所做的东西，接受生活扔向我的一切，但我从未停止过反抗命运”，夏说，强调实现一个人的梦想无关年龄，残疾或他人的想法和期望，但与自己坚定的信念有关。A. thrown at扔向，掷向，向…投去；B. provided for供养，供给，规定，为…作准备；C. arranged for为…作安排，为…作准备；D. distributed to分配给，分发给。根据accepted everything可知此处接受生活扔向我的一切。表示故选A。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我不后悔我所做的东西，接受生活扔向我的一切，但我从未停止过反抗命运，”夏说，强调实现一个人的梦想无关年龄，残疾或他人的想法和期望，但与自己坚定的信念有关。A. challenges挑战；B. fear害怕；C. fate命运；D.‎ - 37 -‎ ‎ misbelief错误的信仰。根据fighting against可知此处表示与命运作斗争，反抗命运。故选C。‎ ‎【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，第2小题要求判断他的双腿怎么了，根据stood proud on two artificial legs可知此处表示他失去了双腿。故选C项。第8小题要求判断命运发生了什么转折，根据下文Three years after that, he was diagnosed with lymph cancer.可知此处表示命运再次发生了黑暗的转折。故选C项。‎ 请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）‎ A You and your employer must make sure you can work off campus without a work permit before you start working. If you start working off campus but don’t meet the requirements, you may have to leave Canada.‎ Eligibility (资格) requirements You can work off campus without a work permit if you meet all of these requirements:‎ ‎●you’re a full-time student at a designated learning institution (DLI)‎ ‎●you're enrolled in a post-secondary academic，vocational or professional training program or a secondary-level vocational training program (Quebec only)‎ ‎●you’ve started studying ‎● you have a Social Insurance Number (SIN)‎ If you’re on an authorized leave from your studies, or you’re switching schools and you’re not studying, you can’t work off campus. You can only return to work once you’re back to studying.‎ Applying for a Social Insurance Number ‎●Applying at a Service Canada Centre ‎●Normally you must apply for a SIN in person, or have someone else apply for you in person. However, if you live in a remote area with no Service Canada Centre within 100 km, you are eligible to apply by mail. To confirm this is the case, you can use your postal code check your eligibility on the Service Canada website or call service Canada at 1-866-274-6627.‎ Note: There is no fee to apply for a SIN.‎ - 37 -‎ ‎36. If you want to apply for a SIN, you can use the following ways except _______.‎ A. applying at a Service Canada Centre B. mailing a Service Canada Centre C. having others apply for you in person D. applying on the Service Canada Centre ‎37. Which section of the website can you possibly find this article?‎ A. Travel and Tourism B. Business and Industry C. Jobs and Workplace D. Immigration and Citizenship ‎【答案】36. D 37. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了加拿大的学生在校外工作的资格要求和申请社会保险号等相关的信息。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据最后一段中●Normally you must apply for a SIN in person, or have someone else apply for you in person. However, if you live in a remote area with no Service Canada Centre within 100 km, you are eligible to apply by mail. To confirm this is the case, you can use your postal code check your eligibility on the Service Canada website or call service Canada at 1-866-274-6627. ●通常情况下，你必须亲自申请社会保险号，或者让别人亲自为你申请。然而，如果你住在一个偏远地区，在100公里内没有加拿大服务中心，你可以通过邮寄申请。要确认此情况，您可以使用您的邮政编码在加拿大服务网站或致电加拿大服务1-866-274-6627检查您的资格。可知，如果你想申请一个社会保险号，你可以在加拿大服务中心申请，可以通过邮寄申请，也可以让别人亲自为你申请，但是不能在加拿大服务网站申请。故选D项。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第一段中You and your employer must make sure you can work off campus without a work permit before you start working. If you start working off campus but don’t meet the requirements, you may have to leave Canada. 在你开始工作之前，你和你的雇主必须确保你可以在没有工作许可的情况下在校外工作。如果你开始在校外工作，但不符合要求，你可能不得不离开加拿大。可知，文章是讲述与校外工作有关的信息，因此很可能在网站上的工作和工作场所部分可以找到本文。故选C项。‎ B - 37 -‎ An important drug that serves as the backbone of treatment for most childhood cancers, has become increasingly rare, and doctors are warning that they may soon be forced to consider rationing doses(定量供应剂量).‎ There have been long-term shortages of certain drugs and medical supplies in the United States for years, but doctors say the loss of this medication, vincristine(长春新碱) is leading to lots of problems, as there is no appropriate substitute. “This is truly a sad situation,” said Dr. Yoram Unguru, a doctor at the Herman and Walter Samuelson Children’s Hospital at Sinai in Baltimore. “Vincristine is our water. It’s our bread and butter. I can't think of a treatment for childhood cancer that doesn't use vincristine.” Shortages of the drug will likely affect children throughout the country, he said, forcing doctors to make difficult decisions. “There is no substitution for vincristine that can be recommended.” Dr. Unguru said. “You either have to skip a dose or give a lower dose or beg or borrow.”‎ Vincristine is one of the drugs used to manage leukemia, the most common childhood cancer. The Children’s Oncology Group, a group of researchers at hospitals and cancer centers, has made recommendations for changing clinical trial treatment rules involving vincristine, including checking the hospital’s supply before trial enrollment, and considering using half the dose if the full amount is not available.‎ ‎“We are all disappointed,” said Dr. Michael Link, a doctor at the Stanford University School of Medicine. Without vincristine, many children with acute lymphoblasicleukemia will still be cured, “but this is a difficult disease to treat in general, and with one hand tied behind your back, it makes it much more difficult.” Dr. Link said.‎ Until earlier this year, there were two suppliers of vincristine: Pfizer and Teva. In July, Teva made a “business decision to discontinue the drug,” according to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).Since then, Pfizer has been the only supplier, and the company lately has been experiencing troubles with production. “Pfizer has experienced a delay, and we are working closely with them and exploring all ways to make sure this important cancer drug is available for the patients who need it,” the FDA said. Jessica Smith from Pfizer said the company would sped up additional - 37 -‎ ‎ shipments of the drug over the next few weeks in an effort to make up for Teva’s withdrawal from the market.‎ ‎38. Which of the following statements of vincristine is TRUE according to the passage?‎ A. It is quite rare and expensive. B. It is an irreplaceable drug.‎ C. It is widely used in adult cancers. D. It used to be as common as bread and butter.‎ ‎39. We can learn from Dr.Link’s words that _______.‎ A. vincristine will cause back pain B. the treatment without vincristine is almost impossible C. the treatment without vincristine can still be carried out D. lack of vincristine will promote drug research ‎40. What measures will the FDA take to solve the problem?‎ A. Exploring new ways to ship cancer drugs.‎ B. Making an effort to produce vincristine.‎ C. Cooperating with Pfizer to get more vincristine produced.‎ D. Persuading Pfizer and Teva to deal with the problem together.‎ ‎【答案】38. B 39. C 40. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了长春新碱作为大多数儿童癌症治疗支柱的重要药物已经变得越来越罕见的现状，以及各方对此作出的反应。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段中“There is no substitution for vincristine that can be recommended.” Dr. Unguru said.“长春新碱是不可替代的。”Unguru博士说。可知，长春新碱是一种不可替代的药物。故选B项。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第四段中Without vincristine, many children with acute lymphoblasicleukemia will still be cured, “but this is a difficult disease to treat in general, and with one hand tied behind your back, it makes it much more difficult.” Dr. Link - 37 -‎ ‎ said.没有长春新碱，许多患有急性淋巴细胞白血病的儿童仍然可以治愈。“但总的来说，这是一种很难治疗的疾病，而且一只手被束缚在背后，这使得治疗更加困难。”Link说。可知，虽然治疗困难，但是不含长春新碱的治疗仍可进行。故选C项。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Pfizer has experienced a delay, and we are working closely with them and exploring all ways to make sure this important cancer drug is available for the patients who need it,” the FDA said. FDA表示：“Pfizer制药公司经历了一次延期，我们正与他们密切合作，探索各种方法，以确保这种重要的抗癌药物能够用于需要它的病人。”可知，FDA将与Pfizer制药公司合作生产更多的长春新碱来解决这个问题。故选C项。‎ C Over the southern hemisphere’s summer, mercifully now at an end, Australia burned under a pitiless sun. Bush fires down the continent’s eastern part consumed 46 acres of countryside, destroying homes, taking lives and driving rare animals towards extinction. To many Australians, the satellite pictures showing huge amounts of smoke drifting off to the east over the Great Barrier Reef seemed a threat to life in an age of man-made warming.‎ It turns out that high temperatures were doing great damage under the water as well. This month comes news that exceptionally warm seas have led the Great Barrier Reef, the world’s biggest coral system, to suffer its third mass bleaching in five years. The bush and the reef: Australians almost define themselves by these two ecosystems, which once seemed boundless.‎ Coral bleaching takes place when sea temperatures rise sharply, causing the coral polyps that make up reefs to spray the algae(海藻) that generate their food via photosynthesis(光合作用).Without the colour algae, coral soon dies, leaving the complex colonies a ghostly white. Reefs can recover from occasional bleachings: the fastest-growing corals regenerate in a decade or so. But mass bleachings on the Great Barrier Reef are becoming ever more frequent. And the run of recent bleachings had already killed off relatively heat-intolerant coral species. What is striking this year is that for the first time the bleaching extended to the southern part of the reef. There, closer to the pole, waters should be cooler. But not this year.‎ The biblical rains that put out the bush fires have also helped to lower water temperatures over the reef. The rains are proof to climate-change deniers that recent ‎ - 37 -‎ fires, droughts and floods are simply part of the natural cycle. They point with delight to the bush springing back to life. Yet while important habitats depend upon fire to regenerate, this summer’s fires, exceptionally, destroyed temperate rainforests too. Regarding the reef, the deniers play down the damage and insist on the ability of “nature to fix nature”. That is despite the accumulated effect of successive bleachings from which reef struggle to recover.‎ The bush fires threw the prime minister, Scott Morrison, off balance. Holidaying in Hawaii made him look out if touch, while his Liberal Party’s cosy links to oil, gas, coal and iron-ore interests came under closer inspection. Mr. Morrison’s official “representative” to the Great Barrier Reef, Warren Entsch, a Queenland politician, points out that “bleached corals are not dead corals” and predicts that many will recover. Although he admits climate change is a concern, he once complained that “forcing” youngsters to be worried about it is a form of “child abuse”. Most Australian care both about climate change and about the Great Barrier Reef—but not enough, alas, to call their government out over such ambivalence.‎ ‎41. The greatest challenge to the recovery of the Great Barrier Reef is _______.‎ A. climate change B. bush fires C. heavy smoke D. high temperatures ‎42. The underlined expression “play down” in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to _______.‎ A. mention lightly B. think highly of C. criticize fiercely D. take seriously ‎43. What can we learn from the last paragraph?‎ A. The government is confident that nature will recover itself.‎ B. The government lays more emphasis onchild abuse.‎ C. The government calls on the public tocare about climate change.‎ D. The government admits climate change ishigh on the agenda.‎ ‎44. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?‎ A. Australia On Fire B. Life Under Threat C. Forest Fires Under Control D. Great Barrier Reef In Hot Water - 37 -‎ ‎【答案】41. D 42. A 43. A 44. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人为造成的气候变暖导致海水温度升高，大堡礁出现珊瑚大规模的白化现象，甚至在今年首次蔓延到了大堡礁的南部。但有些人否认气候变化带来的影响，对于珊瑚礁的损害，否认者坚持“自然修复自然”的能力。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段中Coral bleaching takes place when sea temperatures rise sharply, causing the coral polyps that make up reefs to spray the algae(海藻) that generate their food via photosynthesis(光合作用).Without the colour algae, coral soon dies, leaving the complex colonies a ghostly white.当海水温度急剧上升时，珊瑚白化现象就会发生，导致组成珊瑚礁的珊瑚虫向海藻喷射，海藻是通过光合作用产生食物的。没有了彩色藻类，珊瑚很快就会死亡，留下复杂的殖民地幽灵般的白色。以及What is striking this year is that for the first time the bleaching extended to the southern part of the reef. There, closer to the pole, waters should be cooler. But not this year.今年最引人注目的是白化现象首次蔓延到了大堡礁的南部。在那里，离北极越近，水应该越凉爽。但今年不是这样。可知，大堡礁的恢复面临的最大挑战是高温。故选D项。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 词句猜测题。根据第四段中Regarding the reef, the deniers play down the damage and insist on the ability of “nature to fix nature”.对于珊瑚礁，否认者_____损害，坚持“自然修复自然”的能力。由否认者坚持“自然修复自然”的能力可知他们淡化气候变化对珊瑚礁的损害，因此猜测划线短语play down意为“淡化，贬低，减少”。故选A项。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段中Mr. Morrison’s official “representative” to the Great Barrier Reef, Warren Entsch, a Queenland politician, points out that “bleached corals are not dead corals” and predicts that many will recover. Morrison在大堡礁的官方“代表”、昆士兰州的政客Warren Entsch指出，“被漂白的珊瑚并不是死珊瑚”，并预测许多珊瑚将会复原。以及Most Australian care both about climate change and about the Great Barrier Reef—but not enough, alas, to call their government out over such ambivalence.大多数澳大利亚人既关心气候变化，也关心大堡礁——但是，唉，这还不足以让他们的政府站出来反对这种矛盾心理。可知，政府相信自然会自我恢复。故选A项。‎ - 37 -‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据第一段中To many Australians, the satellite pictures showing huge amounts of smoke drifting off to the east over the Great Barrier Reef seemed a threat to life in an age of man-made warming.对许多澳大利亚人来说，卫星拍摄的照片显示，在人为造成气候变暖的时代，大量烟雾飘向大堡礁东部，似乎对生命构成了威胁。以及第二段中This month comes news that exceptionally warm seas have led the Great Barrier Reef, the world’s biggest coral system, to suffer its third mass bleaching in five years.本月有消息称，异常温暖的海水导致全球最大的珊瑚系统——大堡礁在5年内第三次大规模白化。可知，本文主要讲述了人为造成的气候变化，导致了大堡礁海水温度升高，出现大规模的白化现象，因此本文的最佳标题是“大堡礁处于热水中”。故选D项。‎ D Deo had grown up barefoot in Burundi, but for a peasant boy he had done well. He was twenty-four. Until recently he had been a medical student, for three years at or near the top of his class. But he had spent the past six months on the run.‎ He had one friend who had seen more of the world than East Central Africa, a fellow medical student named Jean. And it was Jean who had decided that New York was where he should go. Deo was traveling on a commercial visa. Jean’s French father had written a letter identifying Deo as an employee on a mission to America. He was supposed to be going to New York to sell coffee. Deo had read up on coffee beans in case he was questioned. Jean’s father had also paid for the plane tickets. A fat book let of tickets.‎ He had heard of French soldiers behaving badly in Rwanda, and had even caught glimpses of them training militiamen(民兵) in the camps, but waking up and seeing a white person in the next seat wasn’t alarming. No one called him a cockroach (蟑螂). No one held a machete (大砍刀).‎ A voice was speaking to him. He turned and saw a policeman who seemed friendly. Deo spoke to him in French, but the man shook his head and smiled. He asked a question in what Deo guessed was English. Then a woman who had been sitting nearby got up and walked over French, at long last French, coming out of her mouth. Perhaps she could help, the woman said in French. Deo thought: “God. I’m still in your hands.” She - 37 -‎ ‎ arranged to sit next to him on the flight to New York and asked him lots of questions. Deo wanted to pay her back for helping him. So he tried to answer her questions. They talked most of the way to New York. After such long solitude (独处), it felt wonderful to talk.‎ When he reached Immigration the agent stared at Deo’s documents, then started asking questions in what had to be English. There was nothing to do except smile. The agent went off and came back with another man. He introduced himself to Deo in French. His name was Muhammad. He said he came from Senegal. Muhammad asked Deo the agents’ questions and also some questions of his own. For the agents, he asked Deo, “Where are you coming from?” When Deo said he had come from Burundi, Muhammad made a pained face and said to him in French, “How did you get out?”‎ There was no time even to attempt an answer. The agents were asking another question: Deo’s visa said he was here on business. What business?‎ Selling coffee beans, Deo told them through Muhammad. Just keep smiling, Deo told himself.‎ How much money did he have?‎ Two hundred dollars, Deo said with pride. The cash had been a gift from Jean. Exchanged for Burundian francs, it could have bought a lot of cows. But neither Muhammad nor the agents looked impressed.‎ Where was he staying?‎ Jean had told him he’d be asked this. A hotel, he said.‎ The agents laughed. A week in a hotel on two hundred dollars?‎ In 1994, airport security wasn’t what it soon would be. Muhammad said something in English to the agents. His words must have been the right ones, because after a few more questions, the agents shrugged at each other and let him through, into America.‎ He had no idea what he’d do next. After six months on the run, he was in the habit of not looking ahead. And what was there to fear? What could the man in the booth up ahead do to him? Whatever it might be, he’d already seen worse. God had taken care of him so far. And still was taking care of him, it seemed. As this - 37 -‎ ‎ serious-looking stranger, Muhammad, walked him out of Customs, he said that Deo could stay with him in New York City. But Deo would have to wait here for three hours. Muhammad worked at the airport as a baggage handler. He had to finish his shift. Could Deo wait three hours?‎ Only three hours? said Deo. Of course!‎ ‎45. Which of the following is the reason why Deo left his hometown?‎ A. Jean persuaded him to go to New York.‎ B. Jean's father paid for the plane tickets for him.‎ C. He was an employee on a business mission to America.‎ D. He wanted to flee his home town to seek shelter in New York.‎ ‎46. How did the woman help Deo?‎ A. She arranged a seat for him.‎ B. She did the interpreting for him.‎ C. She asked the policeman to show mercy to him.‎ D. She talked with him which made him feel less lonely.‎ ‎47. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 most probably mean?‎ A. God is toying with him. B. God is taking him under his wing.‎ C He is at the mercy of God. D. He can’t break away from God.‎ ‎48. Hearing that Deo came from Burundi, Muhammad felt _______.‎ A. happy B. sympathetic C. terrified D. relieved ‎49. The followings statements about Deo are true EXCEPT that_________.‎ A. he was a white person B. he was brave and optimistic C. he had a good academic performance D. he was grateful to those who had helped him ‎50. What would most likely happen to Deo later?‎ A. Selling coffee beans in NewYork.‎ B. Turning to Jean’s father for help.‎ - 37 -‎ C. Being reduced to a beggar in the street.‎ D. Making a living in New York with Muhammad’s help.‎ ‎【答案】45. D 46. B 47. B 48. B 49. A 50. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了Deo移民的故事。Deo在同学Jean的帮助下离开Burundi，坐上前往New York的飞机，期间得到了一位女士的帮助。到达移民局后，代理们向Deo询问相关的问题，Deo又认识了Muhammad，并顺利进入了美国。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第一段中But he had spent the past six months on the run. 但在过去的六个月里，他一直在逃亡。以及第二段中And it was Jean who had decided that New York was where he should go.是Jean决定了他应该去纽约。可知，他去美国是想逃离家乡到纽约避难。故选D项。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第四段中Then a woman who had been sitting nearby got up and walked over French, at long last French, coming out of her mouth. Perhaps she could help, the woman said in French. 这时，坐在附近的一个女人站了起来，从她嘴里吐出法语，终于是法语了。也许她能帮忙，那个女人能说法语。可知，这个女士帮Deo翻译。故选B项。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据第四段中Perhaps she could help, the woman said in French. Deo thought: “God. I’m still in your hands.” She arranged to sit next to him on the flight to New York and asked him lots of questions. Deo wanted to pay her back for helping him. So he tried to answer her questions. 也许她能帮忙，那个女人用法语说。托认为：“_______________。”飞往纽约的航班上，她安排坐在他旁边，也问了他很多问题。Deo想报答她对他的帮助。所以他努力回答她的问题。由Deo想报答她对他的帮助，可推断这个女士帮助了Deo，Deo认为这是上帝对他的眷顾，因此划线句意为“上帝在庇护他。”故选B项。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第五段中Muhammad asked Deo the agents’ questions and also some questions of his own. For the agents, he asked Deo, “Where are you coming from?” When Deo said he had come from Burundi, Muhammad made a pained face and said to him - 37 -‎ ‎ in French, “How did you get out?” Muhammad问了Deo关于代理人的问题，也问了他本人的一些问题。他问Deo：“你从哪里来？”当Deo说他来自Burundi时，Muhammad做了个苦脸，用法语对他说，“你是怎么出来的？”可知，听到Deo来自Burundi，Muhammad对他感到同情。故选B项。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段中but waking up and seeing a white person in the next seat wasn’t alarming. No one called him a cockroach (蟑螂). No one held a machete (大砍刀). 但醒来时，看到邻座的白人没有令人担忧。没有人叫他蟑螂。没有人拿着大砍刀。由他描述的悲惨待遇，可知，Deo不是白人。故选A项。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中As this serious-looking stranger, Muhammad, walked him out of Customs, he said that Deo could stay with him in New York City. But Deo would have to wait here for three hours. Muhammad worked at the airport as a baggage handler. He had to finish his shift. Could Deo wait three hours? 当这个看起来严肃的陌生人Muhammad送他走出海关时，他说Deo可以在纽约市和他住在一起。但Deo得在这里等三个小时。Muhammad在机场做行李搬运工。他必须完成他的轮班。Deo能等三个小时吗？以及Only three hours? said Deo. Of course! 三个小时而已？Deo说。当然可以！可知，随后Deo很可能在Muhammad的帮助下在纽约谋生。故选D项。‎ 第Ⅱ卷 第四部分：任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ 请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。‎ 注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。‎ The term“organizational culture” refers to the norms and values of an organization, which together make the personality of the company. These values and norms are shared by people working throughout the organization. They govern the way employees interact with each other, within the workplace. Therefore, improving organizational culture is the need of the hour, as people want to work for a company that enables them to keep a balance between their work and personal life. The organizations that treat their employees well and provide a good working atmosphere have shown an increase in the productivity of their employees. As a result, the - 37 -‎ ‎ attrition rates(损耗率) are also lowered, which saves a company the costs spent in hiring and training the employees. So, a healthy organizational cultural is a win-win situation for the management, the customers, the shareholders and most importantly, the employees themselves.‎ When it comes to improving organizational culture, raining your employees in the right way is an important step towards improving your organization’s work culture. When your employees know how to do things the right way and what the company expects from them, the rates of conflicts and errors can be brought down significantly. In addition, through the right training, your employees will become enthusiastic and be interested in working as a team and improving the work atmosphere as a whole. Then a productive environment will be created.‎ Another good way to bring about positive changes in the culture of the organization is by analyzing the existing culture and comparing it with the expectations of your employees. Bring changes accordingly. You can also organize discussions with your team members and talk about matters related to the current culture of the organization. Try to bring about the changes you find justified.‎ Conflicts are an unavoidable part of any organization and have direct bearing on the health of its culture. How they are handled is an indicator of the common organizational culture. Therefore, when conflicts do arise, the management must settle them quickly and kindly, in case they become worse over time. More importantly, an unmistakable and just conflict resolution mechanism should be created. If employees feel they are all being treated equally, they are more likely to accept their mistakes and the judgment of the management.‎ Since the organization is a collection of people, cooperation is a must to attain the objectives. Team building is vital in this respect and the management must show the willingness or intention to involve employees in this process. They may be fun activities, like sports, games or serious ones. At the end of the day, such exercises strengthen the team spirit and the employees’ loyalty towards the organization, because cooperative teamwork proves a healthy organizational climate.‎ - 37 -‎ Organizational culture Concept ‎● Organizational culture refers to a set of ___51___ norms and values of an organization.‎ ‎● These norms and values determine the interpersonal ____52____ in the workplace.‎ ‎____53____ of organizational culture ‎● It helps the employees balance their work life and personal life.‎ ‎● It can make the employees work more ____54____, thus lowering the attrition rates and saving money.‎ ‎● It is ___55___ to all parties, especially the employees.‎ Approaches to improving organizational culture Providing right training ‎● Training can help the employees know the company’s expectations, ____56____ the risk of conflicts and errors.‎ ‎● Right training helps develop the employees’ enthusiasm and interest in teamwork.‎ Making adjustments ‎● Examine the present culture and make a(n) ____57____ between the employee’ expectations and it.‎ ‎● Get your team members to ___58___ the present organization culture.‎ Handling conflicts wisely ‎● Conflicts should be dealt with kindly without ____59____.‎ ‎● All conflicts must be solved fairly according to the rules.‎ Developing cooperation ‎_______60_______ various activities to get all the employees involved and strengthen team spirit.‎ - 37 -‎ ‎【答案】51. shared ‎ ‎52. relationship(s) ‎ ‎53. Significance/ Importance ‎ ‎54. productively/efficiently/effectively ‎ ‎55. beneficial/helpful/rewarding ‎ ‎56. reducing/decreasing ‎ ‎57. comparison ‎ ‎58. discuss ‎ ‎59. hesitation/delay ‎ ‎60. Organize/Launch ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇议论文。文章讲述了公司“组织文化”的概念、重要性，以及提出了一些提高“组织文化”的方法。‎ ‎【51题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：组织文化是指一套组织共有的准则和价值观。根据norms and values可知此处要用形容词，且由第一段中These values and norms are shared by people working throughout the organization.可知shared“共有的”符合题意。故填shared。‎ ‎【52题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：这些规范和价值观决定了工作场所的人际关系。根据interpersonal可知此处要用名词，且由第一段中They govern the way employees interact with each other, within the workplace.可知relationship(s)“关系”符合题意。故填relationship(s)。‎ ‎【53题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：组织文化的重要性。根据of organizational culture可知此处要用名词，且由表格中的It helps和It can可知significance/ importance“重要性”符合题意。故填Significance/ Importance。‎ ‎【54题详解】‎ 考查副词。句意：提高员工工作效率，从而降低人员流失率，节约资金。根据work more可知此处要用副词，且由第一段中The organizations that treat their employees well and - 37 -‎ ‎ provide a good working atmosphere have shown an increase in the productivity of their employees. As a result, the attrition rates are also lowered, which saves a company the costs spent in hiring and training the employees.可知productively“多产地，”efficiently/effectively“有效地”都符合题意。故填productively/efficiently/effectively。‎ ‎【55题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：这对各方都是有益的/有帮助的/值得的，特别是对员工而言。根据It is可知此处要用形容词作表语，且由第一段中So, a healthy organizational cultural is a win-win situation for the management, the customers, the shareholders and most importantly, the employees themselves.可知beneficial“有益的”，helpful“有帮助的”，rewarding“值得的”都符合题意。故填beneficial/helpful/rewarding。‎ ‎【56题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：培训可以帮助员工了解公司的期望，减少冲突和错误的风险。根据Training can help the employees know the company’s expectations可知此处要用现在分词作状语，且由第二段中When your employees know how to do things the right way and what the company expects from them, the rates of conflicts and errors can be brought down significantly.可知reducing/decreasing“减少，降低”都符合题意。故填reducing/decreasing。‎ ‎【57题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：审视当前的企业文化，并对员工的期望与企业文化进行比较。根据make a(n)可知此处要用名词，且由第三段中Another good way to bring about positive changes in the culture of the organization is by analyzing the existing culture and comparing it with the expectations of your employees.可知comparison“比较”符合题意。故填comparison 。‎ ‎【58题详解】‎ 考查动词。句意：让你的团队成员讨论当前的组织文化。根据Get your team members to可知此处要用动词的原形，且由第三段中You can also organize discussions with your team members and talk about matters related to the current culture of the organization.可知discuss“讨论”符合题意。故填discuss。‎ ‎【59题详解】‎ - 37 -‎ 考查名词。句意：冲突应毫不犹豫/毫不拖延地友好处理。根据without可知此处要用名词，且由第四段中How they are handled is an indicator of the common organizational culture. Therefore, when conflicts do arise, the management must settle them quickly and kindly, in case they become worse over time.可知hesitation“犹豫”，delay“延迟”都符合题意。故填hesitation/delay。‎ ‎【60题详解】‎ 考查动词。句意：组织/发起各种活动，让所有员工参与进来，增强团队精神。根据various activities to get可知此处要用动词，且由最后一段中Team building is vital in this respect and the management must show the willingness or intention to involve employees in this process. They may be fun activities, like sports, games or serious ones.可知organize“组织，”launch“发动，开办”都符合题意。故填Organize/Launch。‎ 第五部分：书面表达（满分25分）‎ ‎61.请阅读下面文字，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章 On March 30, 2020, the Ministry of Education announced that the national college entrance examination, or gaokao, would be held on July 7 and 8, which is usually held on June 7 and 8.‎ WangHui, director of the ministry’s Department of College Students Affairs, said the postponement is mainly to ensure the fairness of the exam. As senior high school students have been taking online courses during the epidemic(流行病), many rural students who lack internet access might feel disadvantaged, so the delay is to ensure they will have more time to prepare for the exam at school, he said.‎ This is the first time in 17 years that China has adjusted the date of the college entrance examination.‎ According to the announcement, standard Chinese language and mathematics tests will be on July 7, which are mandatory exams for all students.‎ On the morning of July 8, students would either take the test for social sciences (history, political science and geography) or natural sciences (physics, chemistry and biology), depending on their high-school subjects. Foreign language shall be the final subject .‎ Further arrangements will be announced to the public later.‎ - 37 -‎ The examination postponement could be regarded as an adjustment due to the coronavirus oufbreak, said Li Jiasheng, a senior high school teacher at Beijing No.4 High School, the Paper reported.‎ ‎“It gives us more time to make up for the suspension of class due to the outbreak.”he added.‎ ‎【写作内容】‎ ‎1.用约30个词概括上述信息的主要内容；‎ ‎2.结合上述信息，简要分析高考延迟的原因；‎ ‎3.根据你的情况，谈谈高考延迟对你学习的影响（不少于两点）。‎ ‎【写作要求】‎ ‎1.写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；‎ ‎2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学习名称；‎ ‎3.不必写标题。‎ ‎【写作要求】‎ 内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Faced with the coronavirus outbreak, China announced to postpone the national college entrance exam for a month, which reveals the government’s effort to guarantee equality in education.‎ The exam’s being postponed is attributed to many a factor. First of all, while the college entrance examination is always being attached significance to, the safety of teachers and students can never be neglected during the special period, which must be given top priority to. Additionally, the new term put off by virtue of the epidemic, all the students in China need more time to get prepared,especially for the students - 37 -‎ ‎ having difficulty accessing online courses.‎ The exam postponement inevitably exerts an impact on my study. Rethinking my study plan and making it more efficient is high on the agenda. Meanwhile, I will make the most of the extra month to strengthen my strengths and compensate for my weaknesses to achieve all-round development.‎ Success lying ahead, we are bound to embrace a brightf uture.‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本篇书面表达属于议论文，要求考生概括原文信息，分析原因并高考延迟对学习的影响。‎ ‎【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：议论文 人称：第一、三人称；‎ 时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时和一般过去时。‎ 结构：总-分-总法 要点：‎ ‎1.用约30个词概括上述信息的主要内容；‎ ‎2.结合上述信息，简要分析高考延迟的原因；‎ ‎3.根据你的情况，谈谈高考延迟对你学习的影响（不少于两点）。‎ 第二步：列提纲 （重点词组）‎ faced with；the coronavirus outbreak；the national college entrance exam；postpone；attribute to；many a；attach significance to；neglect；top priority；put off；get prepared；have difficulty (in) doing；online；inevitably；efficient；agenda；make the most of；compensate for；all-round；lie ahead；be bound to等 第三步：连词成句 ‎1. Faced with the coronavirus outbreak, China announced to postpone the national college entrance exam for a month, which reveals the government’s effort to guarantee equality in education.‎ ‎2. The exam’s being postponed is attributed to many a factor.‎ ‎3. While the college entrance examination is always being attached significance to, the safety of teachers and students can never be neglected during the special period,‎ - 37 -‎ ‎ which must be given top priority to.‎ ‎4. The new term put off by virtue of the epidemic, all the students in China need more time to get prepared, especially for the students having difficulty accessing online courses.‎ ‎5. The exam postponement inevitably exerts an impact on my study.‎ ‎6. Rethinking my study plan and making it more efficient is high on the agenda.‎ ‎7. I will make the most of the extra month to strengthen my strengths and compensate for my weaknesses to achieve all-round development.‎ ‎8. Success lying ahead, we are bound to embrace a bright future.‎ 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。‎ 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）‎ ‎1.表文章结构顺序：First of all；‎ ‎2.表并列补充关系：Additionally；Meanwhile；and；‎ ‎3.表转折对比关系：while等 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，‎ 第五步：润色修改 ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，概括内容规范，要点全面，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多高分句型，如：Faced with the coronavirus outbreak, China announced to postpone the national college entrance exam for a month, which reveals the government’s effort to guarantee equality in education.使用了过去分词做状语和由which引导的非限制性定语从句；while the college entrance examination is always being attached significance to, the safety of teachers and students can never be neglected during the special period, which must be given top priority to.使用了由while引导的状语从句和由which引导的非限制性定语从句；Rethinking my study plan and making it more efficient is high on the agenda.使用了动名词作主语；I will make the most of the extra month to strengthen my strengths and compensate for my weaknesses to achieve all-round development.使用了不定式作目的状语；Success lying ahead, we are bound to embrace a bright future.使用了独立主格结构等。还使用了一些固定短语，如：faced with；attribute to；attach significance to；put off；get prepared；have difficulty (in) doing；make the most of；compensate for；lie ahead；be bound - 37 -‎ ‎ to等。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。‎ - 37 -‎ - 37 -‎