【英语】2019届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解精选：（3）推理判断七选五1 13页

推理判断+七选五1‎ ‎1、When he was young, Louis Armstrong was taking what was called “Creole jazz”, which was also called dance music, and combining it with trumpeter(小号手) Buddy Bolden, to create what would eventually become today’s jazz.‎ Armstrong accomplished this with almost no formal training. He received little training before he was placed in the New Orleans Colored Waif’s Home at the age of 12, after a run-in(小争执) with the police. The punishment turned out to be a mixed blessing, for he also had the opportunity to play in a real band.‎ While at the Waif’s, Armstrong also got the chance to hear some of the city’s finest musicians. Cornetist Freddie Keppard performed in a nearby club. So did trumpeter and bandleader King Joe Oliver, who took the boy under his wing and taught him how to read music and work on his playing technique.‎ When Oliver left for Chicago, Armstrong chose to stay in New Orleans and work with some of the other top musicians of the day. In Chicago, King Oliver offered him a place in his band in 1922. It became Armstrong’s biggest challenge yet — the band had no parts written for trumpet, so he was forced to listen to King Oliver and improvise(即兴创作).‎ Soon, Armstrong’s undeniable talent was getting noticed. Even classically trained musicians would come to hear the incredible sounds this young man created.‎ Lil Hardin, the band’s piano player and the future Mrs. Armstrong, explained that Oliver kept Armstrong in the second trumpet-chair so that Oliver would still be “King”. Hardin convinced him to leave the band.‎ Armstrong moved to New York City in 1924 to join Fletcher Henderson’s band and then flew solo. In 1925, Armstrong put together the Hot Five, expanding his popularity even more. Armstrong recorded his first composition, Cornet Chop Suey, one of the most copied jazz solos of all time. This monumental 1928 recording blends(混合) artistry, endurance and showmanship that has rarely, if ever, been matched in jazz.‎ ‎1.What does the underlined word “this” refer to in the second paragraph? A.To play dance music. B.To work with Buddy Bolden. C.To play a jazz instrument ‎ well. D.To create modern jazz music. 2.Who taught Louis Armstrong how to play music in the early time? A.Buddy Bolden B.Lil Hardin. C.King Joe Oliver. D.Cornetist Freddie Keppard. 3.Why did Louis Armstrong Leave King Oliver’s band? A.Because he wanted to get married in New York. B.Because his talent could not develop completely. C.Because he got a better opportunity in New York. D.Because the man forced him to leave the band. 4.What’s the main idea of the passage? A.It asks readers to know more about modern jazz. B.It introduces one of the greatest jazz musicians. C.It introduces the development of jazz. D.It describes the importance of talent in playing jazz.‎ ‎2、    Even plant can run a fever, especially when they’re under attack by insects or disease. But unlike human, plants can have their temperature taken from 3,000 feet away straight up. A decade ago, adopting the infrared(红外线) scanning technology developed for military purposes and other satellites, physicist Stephen Paley came up with a quick way to take the temperature of crops to determine which ones are under stress. The goal was to let farmers precisely(精确的) target pesticide(杀虫剂) spraying rather than rain poison on a whole field, which always includes plants that don’t have pest problems.‎ ‎    Even better, Paley’s Remote Scanning Services Company could detect crop problems before they became visible to the eye. Fixed on a plane flown at 3,000 feet at night, an infrared scanner measured the heat sent out by crops. The data were transformed into a color-coded map showing where plants were running “fevers”. Farmers could then spot-spray, using 50 to 70 percent less pesticide that they otherwise would.‎ ‎    The bad news is that Paley’s company closed down in 1984, after only three years. Farmers resisted the new technology and long-term supporters were hard to find. But with the renewed concern about pesticides on produce and refinements(改进) in infrared scanning, Paley hopes to get back into operation. Agriculture experts have no doubt that the technology works. “This technique can be used on 75 percent of agricultural land in the United States,” says George Oerther of Texas A& M, who recently retired from the Department of Agriculture, thinks remote infrared crop scanning could be adopted by the end of the decade. But only if Paley finds the financial support which he failed to obtain 10 years ago.‎ ‎1.Plants will give out an increased amount of heat when they are _____. A.facing an infrared scanner B.sprayed with pesticides C.exposed to extreme sun rays D.in poor physical condition 2.In order to apply pesticide spraying precisely, we can use infrared scanning to _____. A.draw a color-coded map B.evaluate the damage to the crops C.locate the problem area D.measure the size of the affected area 3.The application of infrared scanning technology to agriculture met with some difficulties of _____. A.the lack of official support B.its high cost C.the lack of financial support D.its failure to help increase production 4.Infrared scanning technology may be brought back into operation because of _____. A.full support from agricultural experts B.the forceful promotion by the Department of Agriculture C.the desire of farmers to improve the quality of their produce D.growing concern about the over use of pesticides on crops ‎3、While many countries love their tea,UKcitizens are particularly proud of being “tea people”. The averageUKcitizen consumes nearly 2 kilograms of tea each year.‎ Tea only made its way toEnglandin large quantities in the first years of the 17th century. Tea fromChinaand a few other Asian countries was being sold more widely inEnglandat that time. Then tea was getting more and more popular among different social classes.‎ There are many varieties of tea. Black tea mixtures are still the most common type drunk in theUK. Black tea is dark in colour, because the leaves have been allowed to oxidize (氧化) before drying. This is why we usually serve it with milk, although it is not uncommon to drink it black or with lemon. You may still find tea made with loose tea leaves, served up in a pot, and poured into the best china cups with saucers (茶托) for visitors.‎ Tea is still a large part of daily life in theUKtoday, but it seems to be on the decrease. The amount of tea sold in the UK fell by more than 10% in the five years leading up to 2002, and has been dropping ever since. Tea sales fell by 6% in 2014 alone, and most restaurants report selling more than twice as many cups of coffee as they do tea. More than ￡1 billion was spent on coffee in high street stores in 2013, more than twice what was spent on tea bags.‎ Still, what goes around comes around; it’s sure to become fashionable again.‎ ‎1.Which of the following is true according to the first three paragraphs? A.Tea made its way to England in the early years of the 16th century. B.The UK usually serves black tea with lemon. C.Tea from China was being sold more widely in England now. D.UK citizens take pride in being “tea people”. 2.What can we infer from the fourth paragraph? A.Tea sales fell by 6% in 2014 alone. B.Since 2002, the sales of tea has been on the decrease C.In 2013, the money spent on tea was ￡3 billion D.Most restaurant like selling tea than coffee. 3.What does the underlined sentence mean in the last paragraph? A.It can never succeed again B.The tea can become popular again C.Coffee is more popular than ‎ tea D.The tea is becoming less popular 4.What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A.To introduce tea in the UK B.To show the author’s preference for tea C.To introduce the functions of tea D.To compare tea in China and UK ‎4、“Anything you want, anytime you need it.”‎ The message appeared on computer screens across the country at the same time, on the same day: December 12th, at 12 p.m.. Simultaneously, important looking envelopes containing cards with the same message were hand-delivered to the offices of all the major news companies.‎ One found its way to the desk of Chris Lin, a business reporter at The Post. The card was beautifully designed - a black background with the words printed out in crisp white letters. There was no explanation on the back, just a website address. Chris went to the website. Its style was identical to the card’s and said: “Anytime: Starting Tomorrow.”‎ The next day websites and blogs were filled with articles theorising about Anytime. Was it a shopping website like Tao Bao or Amazon? A joke? Something illegal? Anytime’s marketing had worked - it was a household name before it’d even made a single sale.‎ When the opening came, that day at noon, the Anytime website suddenly had a single field that read, “What do you want?” All you had to do was type the words into that box, and then specify how quickly you wanted your item delivered: within one, ten, or twenty-four hours.‎ Bloggers were the first to test the service. And their reviews were glowing. Within weeks, Anytime had become a part of daily life. Nobody used other delivery sites or the post anymore as Anytime was much cheaper and faster.‎ Chris still wondered what exactly Anytime was. He tried to find out who owned the company, but it was registered in a small country that did not require such information to be made public. He did find some interesting facts, though. Anyone who challenged the company, it seemed, met with serious trouble. A government official critical of Anytime for avoiding tax was forced to leave his position after news stories suddenly appeared claiming he was dishonest. The head of another company taking Anytime to court died in a car accident just days before the case was to begin.‎ Chris began making a list of all the people who had something terrible happen to them after opposing or criticising Anytime. By lunch, he had more than one hundred examples. Something was definitely wrong. Chris worked on his list the rest of the day, emailing people who could provide more information and looking through newspaper records. After working through the night, an exhausted Chris finally fell asleep at his desk at 4 a.m..‎ When he woke a few hours later, there was a message flashing on his computer screen: “Stop making trouble.” Chris smiled. He had no intention of stopping now that he knew he was on the right track.‎ ‎1. What was on the front of the card sent to Chris Lin?‎ A. An invitation to a company opening.‎ B. The website address of a new company.‎ C. The words “Anytime: Starting tomorrow”.‎ D. The words “Anything you want, anytime you need it”.‎ ‎2. Why did the company choose to send the cards to many news reporters?‎ A. Because it didn’t have enough money for traditional advertising.‎ B. Because it wanted to attract the reporters as customers.‎ C. So the reporters would write stories about the new company.‎ D. So people would find the new company interesting.‎ ‎3. What did Chris’ s research suggest about Anytime?‎ A. It may be very dangerous.‎ B. Its popularity would soon decrease.‎ C. It was doing business all over the world.‎ D. It was being widely criticised by journalists.‎ ‎4. How did Chris feel at the end of the story?‎ A. Scared that he would get into trouble.‎ B. Confident that he would find the truth.‎ C. Nervous about what the company would do.‎ D. Satisfied that he had discovered the company’s secret.‎ ‎5、根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ ‎     Carl Rowan was born in 1925 in the southern city of Ravenscroft, Tennessee. His family was very poor. ①__________‎ ‎     Growing up, Carl had very little hope for any change. There were not many jobs for blacks in the South. ②__________Racial tensions were high. Laws were enforced to keep blacks and white separate.It was a teacher who urged Carl to make something of himself. ③__________She urged him to write as much as possible. She would even get books for him because blacks were banned from public libraries.‎ ‎     Carl entered Tennessee State College in 1942. Carl Rowan did so well in college that he was chosen by the United States navy to become one of the first fifteen black navy officers. In 1948, Carl Rowan became a reporter. He was one of the first black reporters to write for a major daily newspaper. As a young reporter, he covered racial tensions in the South of the USA and the war in the Middle East. He also reported from Europe, India and other parts of Asia. ④__________In 1987, Carl Rowan created a program called "Project Excellence", which rewards black students who do well in school.Carl Rowan died on September 23, 2000, in Washington, D.C. During the last years of his life, he suffered from diabetes and heart problems. ⑤__________He worked until the end of his life.‎ A.The schools were not good.‎ B.He won several major reporting awards.‎ C.He said that experience changed his life.‎ D.But he never let bad things slow him down.‎ E. Bessie Taylor Gwynn taught him to believe he could be a poet or a writer.‎ F. The Rowan family had no electricity, no running water, no telephone and no radio.‎ G. The program provided millions of dollars to help African-American students for college.‎ ‎6、根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Time is on your side ‎    How frequently do you say “I don’t have time”? Quite often, I guess. Every time we say those words, they make us feel weak and out of control. You are in control of your hours and your life. ①__________ ‎ ‎    I know it’s not as easy as simply turning off the TV. But here are two steps that will help you take back control and get time on your side.‎ ‎    ★②__________‎ ‎    Be honest: do you spend an hour or two visiting Weixin and QQ every day? Are you spending time with people that you don’t really like just to please them? Are there meetings you attend that you can politely to refuse?‎ ‎    It’s time to get real about the hours that add up to a lot of dissatisfying nothing. Think how you can cancel daily activities that are not useful.③__________‎ ‎    ★ Change your language.‎ ‎    Words matter. They have power. Saying “I don’t have time” is an excuse for not wanting to do something. Here are some good empowering alternatives:‎ ‎    “I choose not to start that project until next year.”‎ ‎    “④__________”‎ ‎    “I’d love to go out this weekend but have important work I need to do first.”‎ ‎    Get better at saying no. ⑤__________ Use little pockets of time (friend running late, car stuck in traffic, meeting ending 10 minutes early) to do some productive thinking. All these things can add up over time more than you believe!‎ A. Identity your blocks.‎ B. But you are likely wasting a lot of it!‎ C. I really don’t have enough time to do it.‎ D. Replace them with things that satisfy you.‎ E. Take no notice of all those unimportant messages on your phone.‎ F. I’d love to read that book - I’ll get to it after my homework is complete!‎ G. When you don’t have a plan for your life, someone else will plan it for you.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 答案以及解析 ‎1答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.D; 2.C; 3.B; 4.B 解析：1.推理判断题。上文尾句是to create what would eventually become today’s jazz.由此可知that指上段 “...to create what would eventually become today’s jazz.”,故选D。 2.细节理解题。根据第三段So did trumpeter and bandleader, King Joe Oliver, who took the boy under his wing and taught him how to read music and work on his playing technique.(小号手兼乐队指挥King Joe Oliver也这么做了,他把小男孩放在自己的侧厅,教他如何阅读音乐,学习演奏技巧。)故选C。 3.细节理解题。根据第三段So did trumpeter and bandleader, King Joe Oliver, who took the boy under his wing and taught him how to read music and work on his playing technique.(小号手兼乐队指挥King Joe Oliver也这么做了,他把小男孩放在自己的侧厅,教他如何阅读音乐,学习演奏技巧。)故选B。 4.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段 Lil Hardin, the bands piano player and the future Mrs. Armstrong, explains that Oliver kept Armstrong in the second trumpet-chair so that Oliver would still be “King”. Hardin convinced him to leave the band.可推断出Louis Armstrong离开King Oliver乐队的原因是因为他的才能不能得到完全发展,故选B。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.D; 2.C; 3.C; 4.D 解析：1.D 推理题．根据文章第一段第一句Even plant can run a fever， especially when they're under attack by insects or disease．和第二段第二句Mounted on a plane flown at 3， 000 feet at night， an infrared scanner measured the heat emitted （排放，散发，发出） bycrops．可知植物在发烧的时候，会散发出比平时更多的热量．故选D．‎ ‎2.C 推理题．根据文章第二段第三句The data were transtormed into a color﹣coded map showing where plants wererunningfevers．可知人们可以使用红外线扫描来确定哪里的植物发烧了，也就是说确定问题区域．故选C．‎ ‎3.C 推理题．根据文章最后一句But only if Paley finds the financial backing which he failed to obtain 10 years ago，可知第一次Paley失败主要是因为他没有获得足够的资金支持．故选C．‎ ‎4.D 推理题．根据文章最后一段第三句But with the renewed concern about pesticides on produce， and refinements（改良，改进） in infrared scanning， Paley hopes to get back into operation．可知人们现在担心粮食上农药的使用量过高，要减少农药使用，就需要Paley的方法．故选D．‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.D; 2.B; 3.B; 4.A 解析：【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由文章第一段“While many countries love their tea, UK citizens are particularly proud of being “tea people”.”可知，尽管很多国家都喜欢他们自己的茶，但是英国人作为“tea people”而感到非常地自豪。故选D。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由文章第四段“The amount of tea sold in the UK fell by more than 10% in the five years leading up to 2002, and has been dropping ever since.”可知，从2002年开始茶叶的销量已经开始逐渐下降，故选B。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 猜测词义题。由文章最后一段“Still, what goes around comes around; it’s sure to become fashionable again.”可知，下划线后面是分号，分号在句子中的功能相当于同义句改写，确定的是茶叶能够再次流行起来。故选B。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 推理判断题。通过全文内容可知，尽管目前茶叶的销量不如从前，但是确定会再流行起来，故选A。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎4答案及解析：‎ 答案：1. D 2. C 3. A 4. B 解析： 【1题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第一二段“Anything you want, anytime you need it.” The message appeared on computer screens across the country at the same time, on the same day: December 12th, at 12 p.m.. Simultaneously, important looking envelopes containing cards with the same message were hand-delivered to the offices of all the major news ‎ companies.可知，卡片上的信息与电脑屏幕上的信息一致，故选D。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第四段The next day websites and blogs were filled with articles theorising about Anytime. Was it a shopping website like Tao Bao or Amazon? A joke? Something illegal? Anytime’s marketing had worked - it was a household name before it’d even made a single sale.矿物质，第二天所有的新闻网站和博客都是关于Anytime的内容，让Anytime还没做出销售就很出名了，这么做是为了吸引记者讨论Anytime，为宣传作攻势，故选C。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段Anyone who challenged the company, it seemed, met with serious trouble. A government official critical of Anytime for avoiding tax was forced to leave his position after news stories suddenly appeared claiming he was dishonest. The head of another company taking Anytime to court died in a car accident just days before the case was to begin.可知，任何挑战Anytime的人都遇到严重的问题，比如一个批评Anytime逃税的官员被爆出不忠被迫辞职，可知，挑战Anytime的人会遇到麻烦，故选A。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段When he woke a few hours later, there was a message flashing on his computer screen: “Stop making trouble.” Chris smiled. He had no intention of stopping now that he knew he was on the right track.可知，当电脑屏幕上出现信息的时候，不要再捣乱，他笑了，根本没打算停下来，因为他在往正确的道路上行进，可知Chris相信自己找对了发现真相的方向，故选B。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎5答案及解析：‎ 答案：F; A; E; B; D 解析：本文叙述了Carl Rowan出生于贫穷的黑人家庭,由于美国当时的种族歧视严重,他当时没有想到要改变这一切,但是他的老师Bessie Taylor Gwynn鼓励他要多写他有可能成为一名诗人或作家,后来他成了一名记者,做了许多次报告,赢得了多次奖励。‎ ‎①根据His family was very poor.他的家庭很贫穷,所以后面的句子应该是对于贫穷的举例,故选F。‎ ‎②根据There were not many jobs for blacks in the South.在南方由于种族歧视黑人没有太多的工作,所以下文继续描写他们还有好的学校,故选A。‎ ‎③根据She urged him to write as much as possible. 她催促他尽可能的写,所以可以推着,她Bessie Taylor Gwynn一定相信他能成为一名诗人或作家,故选E。‎ ‎④根据He also reported from Europe, India and other parts of Asia.他报道过欧洲、印度及亚洲部分地区。所以可以推知他赢得过几次报告奖励,故选B。‎ ‎⑤根据During the last years of his life, he suffered from diabetes and heart problems.及He worked until the end of his life.虽然他患上了糖尿病和心脏病,但是这坏的境况并没有阻止他的努力,他工作直到去世,故选D。‎ 点评:主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。该题型要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系,理解句子之间、段落之间的关系,对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握。这一考查题型对阅读理解提出了更高层次的要求,即不仅要有阅读速度,要对所读文章的主旨要义、具体信息要有所了解,尤其重要的是要掌握作者的写作意图、观点,区分出论点和论据,并且能够把握文章的写作结构和脉络层次。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎6答案及解析：‎ 答案：B; A; D; F; E 解析：‎ 语篇解读本文介绍了两个有效掌控自己时间的方法.‎ ‎1. B过渡句。根据空前信息You are in control of your life.以及下文信息 I know it’s not as easy as simply turning off the TV.可知,此处应为转折信息,即虽然你掌控着你的生活,但事实上你可能在浪费时间,故B项符合。‎ ‎2. A主旨句。此空句式为祈使句且要短小精炼,根据下文信息Be honest.和It’s time to get real about the hours可知,本段建议读者要诚实面对时间上的浪费现象并严肃对待时间,故A项Identify your blocks. (确定你的障碍)符合本部分主旨。‎ ‎3. D 细节句。根据上句信息 cancel daily acdvities that are not useful (取消没用的日常活动)可知D项信息Replace them与之匹配: 前后句在逻辑上构成顺承关系,且them指代上文中无用的日常活动。‎ ‎4. F细节句。由上文信息Here are some good alternatives可知,引号内的句子为I don’t have time的其他方式的表达,故F项I'll get down to it after my homework is complete!符合语境。‎ ‎5. E细节句。根据本段主旨信息Get better at saying no.可知,本段建议要敢于拒绝,E项“忽视所有那些你手机上不重要的消息”,与主旨信息吻合。‎ ‎ ‎