【英语】2019届高考英语二轮复习巩固训练：专题1阅读理解3 4页

第一编　专题一　考点3‎ A ‎(2018·天津，C)‎ There’s a new frontier in 3D printing that’s beginning to come into focus：food. Recent development has made possible machines that print，cook，and serve foods on a mass scale. And the industry isn’t stopping there. ‎ Food production With a 3D printer，a cook can print complicated chocolate sculptures and beautiful pieces for decoration on a wedding cake. Not everybody can do that—it takes years of experience，but a printer makes it easy. A restaurant in Spain uses a Foodini to “re－create forms and pieces” of food that are “exactly the same，” freeing cooks to complete other tasks. In another restaurant，all of the dishes and desserts it serves are 3D－printed，rather than farm to table. ‎ Sustainability(可持续性)‎ The global population is expected to grow to 9. 6 billion by 2050，and some analysts estimate that food production will need to be raised by 50 percent to maintain current levels. Sustainability is becoming a necessity. 3D food printing could probably contribute to the solution. Some experts believe printers could use hydrocolloids (水解胶体)from plentiful renewables like algae (藻类) and grass to replace the familiar ingredients (烹饪原料). 3D printing can reduce fuel use and emissions. Grocery stores of the future might stock “food” that lasts years on end，freeing up shelf space and reducing transportation and storage requirements. ‎ Nutrition Future 3D food printers could make processed food healthier. Hod Lipson，a professor at Columbia University，said，“Food printing could allow consumers to print food with customized nutritional content，like vitamins. So instead of eating a piece of yesterday’s bread from the supermarket，you’d eat something baked just for you on demand. ”‎ Challenges Despite recent advancements in 3D food printing，the industry has many challenges to overcome. Currently，most ingredients must be changed to a paste(糊状物) before a printer can use them，and the printing process is quite time－consuming，because ingredients interact with each other in very complex ways. On top of that，most of the 3D food printers now are restricted to dry ingredients，because meat and milk products may easily go bad. Some experts are skeptical about 3D food printers，believing they are better suited for fast food restaurants than homes and high－end restaurants. ‎ 文章大意：本文是一篇科普文章。它主要介绍了3D食物打印机的优点和缺点。‎ ‎❶　What benefit does 3D printing bring to food production？ __B__‎ A．It helps cooks to create new dishes. ‎ B．It saves time and effort in cooking. ‎ C．It improves the cooking conditions. ‎ D．It contributes to restaurant decorations. ‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据Food production标题下的第二句“. . . it takes years of experience，but a printer makes it easy. ”知利用3D打印机打印食物省时省力，故答案为B。‎ ‎❷　What can we learn about 3D food printing from Paragraph 3？ __D__‎ A．It solves food shortages easily. ‎ B．It quickens the transportation of food. ‎ C．It needs no space for the storage of food. ‎ D．It uses renewable materials as sources of food. ‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的renewables知，3D打印机用的是可再生材料，故D项正确。‎ ‎❸　According to Paragraph 4,3D－printed food __B__. ‎ A．is more available to consumers B．can meet individual nutritional needs C．is more tasty than food in supermarkets D．can keep all the nutrition in raw materials 解析：推理判断题。根据该段中的“Food printing could allow consumers to print food with customized nutritional content，like vitamins. ”知，3D打印机打印食物可以满足个人的营养需求，故答案为B。‎ ‎❹　What is the main factor that prevents 3D food printing from spreading widely？ __C__‎ A．The printing process is complicated. ‎ B．3D food printers are too expensive. ‎ C．Food materials have to be dry. ‎ D．Some experts doubt 3D food printing. ‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据Challenges下的on top of that，most of the 3D food printers now are restricted to dry ingredients知选项C正确。‎ A项“打印过程很复杂”，B项“3D食物打印机太贵”，D项“有些专家质疑3D食物打印”，均为无中生有。‎ ‎❺　What could be the best title of the passage？ __A__‎ A．3D Food Printing：Delicious New Technology B．A New Way to Improve 3D Food Printing C．The Challenges for 3D Food Production D．3D Food Printing：From Farm to Table 解析：标题归纳题。本文介绍了一种美味的新科技——3D食物打印，故A项适合作文章标题。‎ B ‎(2018·全国Ⅰ，B)‎ Good Morning Britain’s Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning，but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role—showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget. ‎ In Save Money：Good Food，she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste，while preparing recipes for under ￡5 per family a day. And the Good Morning Britain presenter says she’s been able to put a lot of what she’s learnt into practice in her own home，preparing meals for sons，Sam,14，Finn,13，and Jack,11. ‎ ‎“We love Mexican churros，so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaurant，”she explains. “I pay ￡5 for a portion (一份)，but Matt makes them for 26p a portion，because they are flour，water，sugar and oil. Everybody can buy takeaway food，but sometimes we’re not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves. ”‎ The eight－part series (系列节目)，Save Money：Good Food，follows in the footsteps of ITV’s Save Money：Good Health，which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range of health products on the market. ‎ With food our biggest weekly household expense，Susanna and Matt spend time with a different family each week. In tonight’s Easter special they come to the aid of a family in need of some delicious inspiration on a budget. The team transforms the family’s long weekend of celebration with less expensive but still tasty recipes. ‎ 文章大意：本文是一篇新闻报道。《早安英国》的节目主持人苏珊娜·瑞德新推出了一档节目——Save Money：Good Food，向观众展示如何用较少的预算做出美味营养的饭菜。‎ ‎❻　What do we know about Susanna Reid？ __B__‎ A．She enjoys embarrassing her guests. ‎ B．She has started a new programme. ‎ C．She dislikes working early in the morning. ‎ D．She has had a tight budget for her family. ‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“. . . she is cooking up a storm in her latest role—showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget. ”‎ 可知，苏珊娜·瑞德在她的最新角色中起劲儿地炒菜做饭——向家庭展示如何用较少的预算做出美味营养的饭菜，由此可知，她推出了新的节目。‎ ‎❼　How does Matt Tebbutt help Susanna？ __C__‎ A．He buys cooking materials for her. ‎ B．He prepares food for her kids. ‎ C．He assists her in cooking matters. ‎ D．He invites guest families for her. ‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“. . . with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste. . . ”可知，苏珊娜在厨师马特的帮助下向人们提供关于如何减少食物浪费的建议，也就是说马特会在烹饪问题上协助苏珊娜。‎ ‎❽　What does the author intend to do in paragraph 4？ __C__‎ A．Summarize the previous paragraphs. ‎ B．Provide some advice for the readers. ‎ C．Add some background information. ‎ D．Introduce a new topic for discussion. ‎ 解析：推理判断题。第四段介绍了Save Money：Good Food这一节目是仿照了Save Money：Good Health的风格，为观众提供关于如何从市场上大量健康产品中获取价值的建议，因此本段是介绍这个节目的背景的。‎ ‎❾　What can be a suitable title for the text？ __D__‎ A．Keeping Fit by Eating Smart B．Balancing Our Daily Diet C．Making Yourself a Perfect Chef D．Cooking Well for Less 解析：标题归纳题。全文介绍了Save Money：Good Food这个节目旨在教人们如何用较少的预算做出美味营养的饭菜，因此D项作为标题最合适。‎