重庆市梁平区2021届高三上学期第一次调研考试英语试题 Word版含解析 24页

高 2021 届第一次调研考试 英语试题 （满分：150 分，考试时间：120 分钟） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号 涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时， 将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷 上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中 选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读 下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What is the man doing? A. Buying a house. B. Renting a house. C. Selling a house. 2. Where does the conversation most probably take place? A. At an airport. B. In an office. C. In a canteen. 3. What will the man do? A. Study in the library. B. Return some books. C. Have the next exam. 4. What does the man want to change about the coat? A. Its style. B. Its color. C. Its quality. 5. What does the woman mean? A. The man is just a baby. B. The man should go to the dentist’s. C. She’ll help cure the man’s toothache. 第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、 C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题， 每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读 两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。 6. What happened to the woman? A. She was in a good mood. B. She was beaten in a table tennis game. C. She had to train for a table tennis game. 7. What does the man think of the woman’s failure? A. It’s no big deal. B. It’s awful. C. It’s natural. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。 8. Why does the man apologize? A. Because he lost control of his voice. B. Because he misunderstood the woman. C. Because he shouted at the woman in public. 9. What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Work over the night. B. Have a good rest. C. Get more work. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。 10. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Brother and sister. B. Father and daughter. C. Husband and wife. 11. What are the speakers talking about? A. Celebrating Christmas. B. Buying Christmas presents. C. Taking down the Christmas tree. 12. What does the woman think of the last Christmas? A. Noisy. B. Unforgettable. C. Just so-so. 听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。 13. Where does the woman come from? A. New York. B. 82nd Street. C. Japan. 14. How long has the woman stayed in New York? A. For 3 days. B. For 3 weeks. C. For 3 months. 15. How often do the buses run? A. Every 5 minutes. B. Every 8 minutes. C. Every 15 minutes. 16. What makes the woman confused? A. The bus lines. B. The New Yorkers. C. The way people talk. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。 17. Why was Mrs. White arrested yesterday? A. She was suspected of stealing a card. B. She stole some shopping bags. C. She lost her credit card. 18. Who followed Mrs. White? A. The cashier. B. A customer. C. The store manager. 19. How long was Mrs. White put in a small room before the police came? A. 15 minutes. B. 20 minutes. C. 25 minutes. 20. What did Mrs. White’s lawyer ask the store to send? A. An apology. B. Some money. C. A special discount. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在 答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Anchors aweigh on a journey across millennia of seafaring with the authentic models of the Ships Gallery (展览馆). The ageless quest to cross the world’s waterways—to trade, travel, war or explore—required the right ship to fit the purpose. Ships Gallery, presented by Captain Dave Turitt, features a collection of scale models showing how ships were shaped by tasks and technologies for thousands of years. Might you be inspired to take the helm? Aye, aye. See rare and fascinating historic bicycles from the Museum’s collection alongside new high-tech bikes in The Art of the Bicycle. It is an invention where science, art and engineering intersect (相交；交叉)—and one we can master at six years old. The first bicycles were revolutionary 200 years ago, and today’s bike designers continue to redefine and revisit the concept of cycling. Trace the path of an evolution from Boneshaker to Moonlander in a beautiful gallery of creativity and ingenuity. Take the model railroad trip that can whisk you cross-country in minutes, or fascinate you for hours. Whether for global shipping or personal adventures, the railroad doesn’t just move people and things—it has long reflected our nation’s character and ambitions. Ride along as The Great Train Story presents 2200 miles of scenery and stories from Chicago to Seattle along 1400 feet of winding track. People say that things look different from a train. From these trains, the view is amazing. 1. What can we learn from the first exhibit? A. The history of ships. B. The application of ships. C. The structure of ships. D. The inventor of ships. 2. Why is a bike fascinating? A. Because it appeared 200 years ago. B. Because it combines science, art and engineering. C. Because its designers are always redefining the concept. D. Because it is a creativity. 3. What is the similarity of the three exhibits? A. They tell history. B. They introduce technology. C. They are about means of transportation. D. They reflect human beings’ ambition. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇应用文。介绍了三个展览的内容。 【详解】1.细节理解题。根据“ Ships Gallery, presented by Captain Dave Turitt, features a collection of scale models showing how ships were shaped by tasks and technologies for thousands of years. Might you be inspired to take the helm?”可知，船画廊，由船长戴夫 · 图里 特展出，展示了一系列比例模型，展示了数千年来船舶是如何被任务和技术所塑造的。所以 第一个展览是关于船的历史。故选 A。 2.细节理解题。根据“It is an invention where science, art and engineering intersect ”可知，自行 车结合了科学、艺术和工程，所以自行车很吸引人。故选 B。 3.细节理解题。根据第一个展览“Ships Gallery”是关于船的历史，根据第二个展览“ historic bicycles”是关于自行车的历史，根据第三个展览“the railroad”是关于铁路的历史。所以这三 个展览的相似之处是它们都是关于交通方式的。故选 C。 B Social media is often a collection of highlights of people’s lives rather than a true reflection of reality. Although it can be a great tool to keep up with the lives of our friends, families and celebrities, it can also be pretty damaging as we judge our lives in comparison to those we see online. One woman shared her experience which showed exactly why we shouldn’t believe everything we see on social media. After heading to the pool, Jen watched as a young mum and her daughter entered, dressed in swimming suits. The mum took a few selfies (自拍) with her child. Jen said the young girl then asked if they could get into the pool but was told to wait while her parent took a photo of her in front of the pool. “Mama glanced over at her but never got off the phone,” Jen wrote. “After 10 minutes mama ended her call, and then they left the pool. I sat there thinking about what I’d witnessed for a while afterwards. I imagined the photos she took being perfectly edited and posted so social media with a caption like ‘Pool time with my girl!’ ” Jen then thought about another mum at home, in a messy house, tired because she’s spent her day cooking, caring, cleaning and playing with her children. “She’s going to look at that photo and she is going to compare herself to the ‘perfect mama’ at the pool. She’s going to feel like a failure. She’ll never know that how she spent her time that day was so much better in her children’s eyes than that ‘perfect mama’ at the pool.” Jen wrote. What we see on social media isn’t always real. Sometimes, and often, it’s a complete set-up. Jen later added that she in no way intended to judge the mum for her actions or her reasons for doing it, but simply wanted to say that the edited photos we see on social media “are not a full depiction of real life”. 4. What can we learn about the young mum at the pool? A. She was very familiar with Jen. B. She didn’t swim in the pool at all. C. She liked editing the photos of her daughter. D. She was accompanying her daughter attentively. 5. What does Jen think of the mum in a messy house? A. She does a good job as a mum. B. She dislikes photos on social media. C. She loves exploring the true story of a photo. D. She is not so good as the “perfect mama”. 6. What does the underlined word “depiction” in the last paragraph mean? A. Description. B. Comparison. C. Imagination. D. Qualification. 7. What does the author want to convey in the text? A. Real life depends on social media. B. Be yourself when using social media. C. Social media is affecting our real life. D. What we see on social media doesn’t reflect real life. 【答案】4. B 5. A 6. A 7. D 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇议论文。短文通过社交媒体上的实例告诉我们社交媒体上看到的并不总是 真实的。 【详解】1.细节理解题。根据“After 10 minutes mama ended her call, and then they left the pool.” 可知，女孩的妈妈打完电话之后他们就离开了游泳池。所以自始至终这个年轻的妈妈都没有 进游泳池游泳。故选 B。 2.细节理解题。根据“She’ll never know that how she spent her time that day was so much better in her children’s eyes than that ‘perfect mama’ at the pool”可知，Jen 认为在乱七八糟的房间里的 妈妈永远都不会知道她所做的事情在孩子眼中比游泳池里的完美妈妈要好得多。所以 Jen 觉 得家里乱七八糟的妈妈是个好妈妈。故选 A。 3.词义猜测题。根据“What we see on social media isn’t always real”可知，Jen 认为我们在社交 媒体上看到的被编辑过的照片并不是真实生活的描述。所以 Jen 后来补充说，她绝不打算对 这位妈妈的行为或她做这件事的原因做出评判，只是想说，我们在社交媒体上看到的编辑过 的照片“并不是真实生活的完整描述”。所以划线词 depiction 意为“描述”。故选 A。 4.主旨大意题。根据“What we see on social media isn’t always real”可知，文章主要想表达的 是我们的社交媒体上看到的并不总是真实的。故选 D。 C Our reliance on sand is shocking—the amount we use is second only to water. As a key part of cement, asphalt (柏油) and glass, sand is essential to every aspect of our lives. Globally, humans consume up to 50 billion metric tons of sand and gravel every year, amounting to 18 kilograms per person per day. In Asia and Africa, a construction boom has increased demand three times over the past two decades. Abundant desert sand, however, is too smooth to use for building materials, so most sand is sourced form quarries (采石场). Increasingly, it is also mined from coastal beaches, river and marine ecosystems, causing great harm to these areas. Our increasing demand for sand now creates one of the major challenges, concludes a United Nations report. Extraction (开采)—both legal and illegal—“comes at the expense of other economic sectors, local livelihoods, and biodiversity”, according to the report. And “growth in the extraction and use of these minerals is putting pressure on the resource base and will likely lead to a ‘tragedy of the sand commons’ ”. To avoid that tragedy, the world should focus on “reducing natural sand extraction”, the report states. One recommendation is to remove unnecessary building projects. If possible, recycle old materials. Germany, for instance, recycles 87% of its waste materials. Meanwhile, some nations are eyeing the potential to explore new sand resources. In Greenland, ice melts, leaving piles of sand on the coast, which could be exported. “Such actions are a good start,” says Aurora Torres, and ecologist at the German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research. But the issue is still “understudied” and “rarely comes up in scientific circles”. “Hopefully this report will contribute to paving the way for more dialogues, interaction, and cooperation among all the sectors and actors connected by sand flows. It is time to treat sand as seriously as clean air, biodiversity, and other natural resources that nations seek to manage for the future.” 8. Which kind of sand is unsuitable for building? A. The sand from quarries. B. The sand from the ocean. C. The sand from desert. D. The sand from rivers. 9. What does the author intend to show in paragraph 3? A. The functions of sand. B. The harm of sand extraction. C. A tragedy of the sand commons. D. Challenges of sand extraction. 10. Why are Germany and Greenland mentioned in paragraph 4? A. To show some countries’ efforts. B. To call for monitoring sand extraction. C. To persuade other countries to stop sand extraction. D. To convince the public of the severe situation. 11. What can be inferred from Aurora Torres’ words? A. Researchers take no interest in the sand issue. B. The world has been serious about managing sand. C. Sand is gaining as much attention as other natural resources. D. Joint efforts are needed to solve sand-related problems. 【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 11. D 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了沙地资源的重要性以及当下人们对沙地资源的破坏行为，作者 以此来呼吁人们保护沙地资源。 【8 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句“Abundant desert sand，however，is too smooth to use for building materials, so most sand is sourced from quarries. ”(然而大量的沙漠沙子太光滑了而 不能用于建筑，所以大多数建筑所用的沙子来自采石场。)可知，沙漠里的沙子不适合用于 建筑，故选 C。 【9 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Our increasing demand for sand now creates one of the major challenges, concludes a United Nations report. Extraction (开采)—both legal and illegal—“comes at the expense of other economic sectors, local livelihoods, and biodiversity”可知，联合国的一 份报告总结说，我们对沙子的需求日益增加，这是一个重大挑战。报告称，合法和非法的开 采“以牺牲其他经济部门、当地生计和生物多样性为代价”。再结合“growth in the extraction and use of these minerals is putting pressure on the resource base and will likely lead to a ‘tragedy of the sand commons”可知，这些矿物开采和使用的增长正在给资源基础带来压 力，并可能导致‘沙域悲剧’”，因此可以看出第三段讲的是我们对沙子强烈的需求正在导 致很多的问题，不论合不合法的采沙都会导致悲剧，也就是采沙的危害，故选 B。 【10 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“One recommendation is to remove unnecessary building projects. If possible, recycle old materials. Germany, for instance, recycles 87% of its waste materials. Meanwhile, some nations are eyeing the potential to explore new sand resources. In Greenland, ice melts, leaving piles of sand on the coast, which could be exported.(一个建议是取消不必要的 建筑项目。如果可能，回收旧材料。例如，德国 87%的废料都是回收利用的。与此同时，一 些国家正在考虑开发新的沙子资源的潜力。在格陵兰岛，冰融化，在海岸上留下成堆的沙子， 这些沙子可以出口。)”可知，第四段中讲述了为了避免悲剧，一些国家已经采取了措施， 然后举了德国“循环利用了 87%的建筑材料”和冰岛“探索新的沙地资源”的例子，作者 通过这两个例子说明世界上一些国家已经开始采取行动去节约沙资源，也就是展示一些国家 的努力。故选 A。 【11 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Such actions are a good start(这些行动是一个良好的开端。)” 以及“Hopefully this report will contribute to paving the way for more dialogues, interaction, and cooperation among all the sectors and actors connected by sand flows. It is time to treat sand as seriously as clean air, biodiversity, and other natural resources that nations seek to manage for the future.(认为希望本报告将有助于为更多与沙流有关的所有部门之间的合作提供更多对话、互 动和合作铺平道路。现在是时候像对待清洁空气、生物多样性和其他自然资源一样认真对待 沙子了，而这些都是各国为未来所寻求管理的)”可知，Aurora Torres 认为这个问题仍然 “未被研究”，解决关于沙子的问题需要共同努力。故选 D。 D Depression is a mood disorder accompanied by emotional and physical symptoms that interfere with your daily life. Everyone experiences depression differently. Some people experience significant increases in their depression symptoms at night. Nighttime depression can also create or worsen insomnia, by keeping you awake longer or making it more difficult to fall asleep. There are a number of causes that can contribute to increased depression at night. One commonly suggested reason for the increase is the lack of distractions (干扰). During the day, it’s a little easier for some people—especially those with mild or moderate depression—to keep themselves busy. Work, school, or social activities act as a distraction during the day. But at night, when you settle down to sleep, there’s nothing but you and your thoughts. Researchers have looked into other things that could be increasing our nighttime depression symptoms. According to 2013 research on animals, bright lights (especially blue and white) at night can not only keep us awake, but may also increase symptoms of depression. In the study, even having a TV on in a dark room increased the animal’s cortisol levels and created changes in their hippocampus (海马体), both of which can increase depressive symptoms. It’s also thought that if your circadian rhythm (生理节律) is disrupted, your depression may be triggered or your symptoms could increase in severity. One 2009 study found that increased artificial light can significantly disrupt our circadian rhythm, causing or increasing mood disorders like depression. Fortunately, there are a number of ways you can cope with depression that occurs or increases in severity at night. For depression symptoms, regardless of the time of day they show up, you should maintain the treatment plan prescribed by your doctor. 12. What causes worsened depression at night? A. Tiredness from hard work. B. The blank and free brain. C. Blue and red lights. D. The complete darkness. 13. What may be helpful to reduce nighttime depression symptoms? A. Sleeping in natural light. B. Sleeping with the TV on. C. Using only red lights. D. Doing special research. 14. What can be learned from the last paragraph? A. Depression can be controlled in some way. B. One can completely get rid of depression. C. Only doctors have cures for depression. D. Depression in the day can be ignored. 15. What can be the best title of the passage? A. Sleeping difficulty B. Emotional health C. Depression at night D. Mood controlling 【答案】12. B 13. A 14. A 15. C 【解析】 本文是说明文。抑郁是一种情绪紊乱，干扰你的日常生活。有些人在晚上抑郁症状明显增加。 本文主要讲述了夜间抑郁，并分析了其加剧的原因。 【12 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的“But at night, when you settle down to sleep, there’s nothing but you and your thoughts.(但是到了晚上，当你安顿下来睡觉的时候，除了你和你的思想，什么都没 有)”可知，导致夜间抑郁恶化的原因是晚上大脑空闲下来，故选 B。 【13 题详解】 推理判断推。根据第三段的“According to 2013 research on animals, bright lights (especially blue and white) at night can not only keep us awake, but may also increase symptoms of depression.( 根据 2013 年对动物的研究，夜晚明亮的灯光(尤其是蓝色和白色)不仅会让我们 无法入睡，还可能会增加抑郁的症状)”和第四段的“One 2009 study found that increased artificial light can significantly disrupt our circadian rhythm, causing or increasing mood disorders like depression.(2009 年的一项研究发现，增加人造光源会严重打乱我们的昼夜节律，导致 或加剧抑郁症等情绪障碍)”可知，夜晚明亮的灯光和人造光源都会导致和增加抑郁，因此 推断在自然光下睡眠有助于减轻夜晚抑郁症状。故选 A。 【14 题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Fortunately, there are a number of ways you can cope with depression that occurs or increases in severity at night.( 幸运的是，有很多方法可以应对在夜间 出现或加重的抑郁症)”可知，通过一些方式可以控制抑郁。故选 A。 【15 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段的“Some people experience significant increases in their depression symptoms at night. Nighttime depression can also create or worsen insomnia, by keeping you awake longer or making it more difficult to fall asleep.(有些人在晚上抑郁症状明显增加。夜间 抑郁还会导致或加重失眠，让你睡得更久或更难以入睡)”和第二段的“There are a number of causes that can contribute to increased depression at night.(导致夜间抑郁的原因很多)”以及 第 三 段 的 “Researchers have looked into other things that could be increasing our nighttime depression symptoms.( 研究人员还研究了其他可能增加我们夜间抑郁症状的因素)”可推 断，本文主要讲述了夜间抑郁，并分析了其产生的原因。因此推断 C 项“夜间抑郁”为最 佳标题。故选 C。 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两 项为多余选项。 We all have experienced cold hands when we’re exposed to cold weather conditions. This is absolutely normal. It happens as the body tries to adjust its temperature. The warmth of the hands is restored naturally once you move indoors. ___16___ The natural system of the body enables us to keep the hands, feet and other vital organs warm with the help of constant supply of blood throughout the body. ___17___ In such a case, you’ll experience cold hands. The smaller arteries of the body that are present in the fingers contract abnormally when there’s mild drop in temperature or even after touching a cold object. As a result, the blood flow to the hands gets affected and they become cold. ___18___ When you’re under too much stress, the nervous system reacts to the stress by narrowing down the blood vessels present in the extreme ends of the body. So mental stress also can lead to cold hands. If you always have cold hands, you shouldn’t ignore the problem. ___19___ In the cold weather condition, be dressed in warm gloves. Proper stress management is necessary to restore the normal blood flow to all parts of the body. ___20___ If you suffer from frostbitten fingers, keep them clean and dry all the time, and avoid rubbing or pressing them. A. It can be treated with a healthy lifestyle. B. It can be identified with the change in the skin color. C. What can result in cold hands from the aspect of psychology? D. If it’s serious, then it has to be treated with suitable medicines. E. However, if it continues all the time, then it’s a matter of concern. F. Sometimes, for some reasons, the normal blood flow to the hands is restricted. G. Wearing tight clothing, particularly in the upper part of the body, needs to be avoided. 【答案】16. E 17. F 18. C 19. A 20. G 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。当我们暴露在寒冷的天气条件下时，我们都有过手冷的经历。这是非常正 常的。它发生在人体试图调节体温的时候。文章主要解释了手冷的原因以及解决措施。 【16 题详解】 根据上文“We all have experienced cold hands when we’re exposed to cold weather conditions. This is absolutely normal. It happens as the body tries to adjust its temperature. The warmth of the hands is restored naturally once you move indoors.(当我们暴露在寒冷的天气条件下时，我们都 有过手冷的经历。这是非常正常的。它发生在人体试图调节体温的时候。当你在室内活动时， 手的温暖会自然恢复)”可知，上文提到手冷到了室内就会恢复正常的情况，可推知本句应 当是与上文形成转折，说明手到了室内还是持续冰冷的情况。故 E 选项“然而，如果它一 直持续冰冷，那就值得关注了”符合语境，故选 E。 【17 题详解】 根据上文“The natural system of the body enables us to keep the hands, feet and other vital organs warm with the help of constant supply of blood throughout the body.(人体的自然系统使 我们能够保持手、脚和其他重要器官的温暖，并帮助我们的全身不断供应血液)”以及后文 “In such a case, you’ll experience cold hands.(在这种情况下，你的手就是冰冷的)”可知，上 文提到了手能够保持温暖是因为血液供应，后文则提到了手是冰冷的情况，可推知本句是在 说明导致手冷的原因是血液供应受到了限制。上文中 constant supply of blood 可对应到 F 选 项中 the normal blood flow 。故 F 选项“有时，由于某些原因，流向手部的正常血流受到限 制”符合语境，故选 F。 【18 题详解】 根 据 后 文 “When you’re under too much stress, the nervous system reacts to the stress by narrowing down the blood vessels present in the extreme ends of the body. So mental stress also can lead to cold hands.(当你承受太多压力时，神经系统会通过收缩身体末端的血管来应对压 力。所以精神压力也会导致手冰凉)”可知，本句主要是在说明导致手冰冷的心理因素，且 后文中 mental stress 可对应到 C 选项中 psychology。故 C 选项“从心理学的角度看，什么会 导致手冰冷？”符合语境，故选 C。 【19 题详解】 根据上文“If you always have cold hands, you shouldn’t ignore the problem.(如果你的手总是 冰凉的，你不应该忽视这个问题)”以及后文“In the cold weather condition, be dressed in warm gloves. Proper stress management is necessary to restore the normal blood flow to all parts of the body.(天气寒冷时，要戴上暖和的手套。适当的压力管理对于恢复身体各个部位的正 常血液流动是必要的)”可知，本句承上启下，说明手冷的问题可以通过一些方式来治疗， 后文则给出了具体的方法。故 A 选项“它可以通过健康的生活方式来治疗”符合语境，故 选 A。 【20 题详解】 根据上文“In the cold weather condition, be dressed in warm gloves. Proper stress management is necessary to restore the normal blood flow to all parts of the body.(天气寒冷时，要戴上暖和的 手套。适当的压力管理对于恢复身体各个部位的正常血液流动是必要的)”以及后文“If you suffer from frostbitten fingers, keep them clean and dry all the time, and avoid rubbing or pressing them.(如果你的手指冻伤了，要一直保持手指清洁干燥，避免揉搓或按压手指)”可知，本句 与后文形成并列，都是在举例说明不利于手保持温暖的情况，故 G 选项“应避免穿紧身衣 服，尤其是上半身”符合语境，故选 G。 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分） 第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以 填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 As my father walked into the room, my brother John moved backwards slightly; he ___21___ that he had done something wrong. From a distance I could see that he had ___22___ my father’s new hymnal (赞美诗集) and scribbled (乱画) in it with a pen. Now, staring at my father ___23___, he waited for his ___24___. My father ___25___ his prized hymnal and looked at it carefully, without saying a word. Books were ___26___ to him; he was a holder of several degrees. For him, books were ___27___, and yet he loved his ___28___. What he did next was remarkable. ___29___ scolding, he sat down, took the pen from my brother’s hand, and then wrote in the book himself, alongside the aimless ___30___ John had made: John’s ___31___, 1980, age 2. I should ___32___ you for what you have done in my new hymnal. You have made the book more ___33___. The years came and went. Our family ___34___ what all families go through: prosperity (繁 荣) and loss, laughter and ___35___. But we ___36___ knew our parents loved us and that one of the proofs of their love was the hymnal. From time to time we would open it, look at the scribbles, ___37___ my father’s expression of love, and feel uplifted. Now I, too, am a father. But ___38___ my father, I do not wait for my children to ___39___ take books from my bookshelf and scribble in them. I often take one down and ___40___ it to one of my children so that they can scribble or write their names in it. And as I look at their artwork, I think about my father, and the love he has for us—love that is at the very heart of a family. 21. A. doubted B. sensed C. remembered D. denied 22. A. opened B. hidden C. returned D. grabbed 23. A. carefully B. surprisingly C. fearfully D. angrily 24. A. sentence B. comment C. punishment D. commitment 25. A. held up B. picked up C. threw up D. looked up 26. A. acceptable B. convenient C. accessible D. precious 27. A. knowledge B. memory C. growth D. warmth 28. A. books B. collections C. children D. students 29. A. Instead of B. Regardless of C. Apart from D. Along with 30. A. words B. drawings C. diagrams D. articles 31. A. mistake B. chance C. work D. word 32. A. remember B. forgive C. blame D. thank 33. A. complex B. vivid C. meaningful D. interesting 34. A. stood B. experienced C. suffered D. showed 35. A. death B. sadness C. cries D. tears 36. A. always B. eventually C. just D. already 37. A. recall B. study C. share D. read 38. A. without B. as C. through D. unlike 39. A. secretly B. quietly C. bravely D. personally 40. A. throw B. offer C. communicate D. introduce 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. C 34. B 35. D 36. A 37. D 38. D 39. A 40. B 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了“我”的父亲在发现“我”的弟弟 John 在他的诗集上涂鸦时 非但没有责备，反而感谢儿子让这本诗集变得更有趣的家庭温馨故事。 【详解】1.考查动词辨析。句意：他意识到他做了错事。A.doubted 怀疑； B.sensed 意识到； C.remembered 记得； D.denied 否认。根据下文“scribbled (乱画) in it with a pen”可知，他向 后退的原因是他在父亲的新诗集上乱画。所以他是意识到自己做错事了。故选 B。 2.考查动词辨析。句意：在远处，我能看到他打开了父亲的新赞美诗集然后用钢笔在上面乱 画。A.opened 打开； B.hidden 藏起； C.returned 返回； D.grabbed 夺取。根据“scribbled (乱 画) in it with a pen”可知，要先打开书才能在上面乱画。故选 A。 3.考查副词辨析。句意：现在，他害怕地盯着父亲，等待他的惩罚。A.carefully 仔细地； B.surprisingly 令人惊讶地； C.fearfully 惊恐地； D.angrily 生气地。根据“my brother John moved backwards slightly”可知，我的弟弟很害怕，故选 C。 4.考查名词辨析。句意：现在，他害怕地盯着父亲，等待他的惩罚。A.sentence 宣判；B.comment 评价； C.punishment 惩罚； D.commitment 承诺。根据前文“scribbled (乱画) in it with a pen”， “我”弟弟做错了事情可知，他是在等待父亲的惩罚。 5.考查动词短语辨析。句意：我父亲捡起了他宝贵的诗集，仔细地看着它，没有说话。A.held up 举起； B.picked up 捡起； C.threw up 扔起； D.looked up 检查。根据前文“scribbled (乱 画) in it with a pen”可知，诗集是在桌子上或者地上，所以父亲是捡起了诗集，故选 B。 6.考查形容词辨析。句意：书对他来说是很珍贵的。A.acceptable 可接受的； B.convenient 方便的； C.accessible 可使用的； D.precious 珍贵的。根据“prized hymnal ”可知，书对父亲 来说是很珍贵的，故选 D。 7.考查名词辨析。句意：对他来说，书本就是知识。A.knowledge 知识； B.memory 记忆； C.growth 成长； D.warmth 温暖。根据前文“he was a holder of several degrees”可知，父亲有 好几个学位的人，所以他知识渊博，因而对他来说，书本就是知识。故选 A。 8.考查名词辨析。句意：对他来说，书本就是知识。然而他也爱他的孩子们。A.books 书本； B.collections 采集； C.children 孩子； D.students 学生。根据 yet（然而）可知，前后句意形 成对比，前文讲他热爱书本，此时孩子和书本形成对立，所以 yet 后是讲他也爱孩子。故选 C。 9.考查复合介词短语辨析。句意：没有惩罚，他坐了下来，从我弟弟手里拿过笔。A.Instead of 而不是； B.Regardless of 不管不顾； C.Apart from 除了； D.Along with 伴随着。根据前 文“What he did next was remarkable”讲父亲接下来的做法很吸引人的注意，表明他的做法与 预想中的责备有所不同。故选 A。 10.考查名词辨析。句意：没有惩罚，他坐了下来，从我弟弟手里拿过笔，自己在书上写字， 在 John 漫无目的的图画边，他写到：John 的作品，1980 年，两岁。A.words 话语； B.drawings 图画；C.diagrams 表格； D.articles 文章。根据前文“scribbled (乱画) in it ”可知，书上是 John 的漫无目的的图画，故选 B。 11.考查名词辨析。句意：他坐了下来，而不是责备，从我弟弟手中拿过了钢笔，然后自己 在书上写字，在 John 漫无目的的图画边，他写到：John 的作品，1980 年，两岁。A.mistake 错误； B.chance 机会； C.work 作品； D.word 单词。根据前文“Instead of scolding”可知， 父亲并没有责备 John，所以对 John 的行为的态度应该是积极的。面对这漫无目的的图画， 父亲认为这是 John 的作品。故选 C。 12.考查动词辨析。句意：我应该感谢你在我的新诗集上做的事情。A.remember 记得； B.forgive 原谅； C.blame 责备； D.thank 感谢。根据前文“John’s work”可知，父亲认为这是 John 的作品，所以父亲认为自己应该感谢。故选 D。 13.考查形容词辨析。句意：你让这本书变得更有趣了。A.complex 复杂的； B.vivid 生动的； C.meaningful 有意义的； D.interesting 有趣的。根据前文“John’s work”可知父亲认为 John 的 图画是作品，图画让诗集变得更有趣了。故选 D。 14.考查动词辨析。句意：我们家经历了所有家庭都会经历的：繁荣和失去，欢笑和泪水。 A.stood 忍受； B.experienced 经历； C.suffered 遭受； D.showed 显示。根据“go through” 可知，我们家是经历了所有家庭都会经历的，故选 B。 15.考查名词辨析。句意：我们家经历了所有家庭都会经历的：繁荣和失去，欢笑和泪水。 A.death 死亡； B.sadness 悲伤； C.cries 哭泣； D.tears 泪水。根据“prosperity (繁荣) and loss” 可知，and 前后名词应形成对比，laughter（笑声）对应的是泪水，故选 D。 16.考查副词辨析。句意：但是我们一直知道我们的父母爱我们，其中的一个证据就是那本 诗集。A.always 一直，总是； B.eventually 最终； C.just 刚刚； D.already 已经。根据“ knew our parents loved us and that one of the proofs of their love was the hymnal”可知，诗集的事是很 早之前发生的，所以我们是一直知道父母爱我们。故选 A。 17.考查动词辨析。句意：我们时不时会打开这本诗集，看着这个涂鸦，阅读父亲的爱的表 达，然后感觉很快乐。A.recall 回忆； B.study 学习； C.share 分享； D.read 阅读。根据“wrote in the book himself”可知，父亲是在涂鸦旁写下了爱的话语，所以是阅读这些话语。故选 D。 18.考查介词辨析。句意：但是不像是我的父亲，我并不会等着我的孩子们悄悄地从书架上 拿书然后在上面涂鸦。A.without 没有； B.as 作为； C.through 通过； D.unlike 不像。根据 “I do not wait for my children”可知，“我”的做法和“我”的父亲不同，故选 D。 19.考查副词辨析。句意：但是不像是我的父亲，我并不会等着我的孩子们悄悄地从书架上 拿书然后在上面涂鸦。A.secretly 秘密地，悄悄地； B.quietly 安静地； C.bravely 勇敢地； D.personally 亲自地。根据“As my father walked into the room, my brother John moved backwards slightly”可知，当时 John 是背着父亲偷偷拿的书。故选 A。 20.考查动词辨析。句意：我经常拿下来一本，提供给我的一个孩子，这样他们就可以在书 里涂鸦或者写上他们的名字。A.throw 扔； B.offer 提供； C.communicate 交流； D.introduce 介绍。根据“ I do not wait for my children”可知，“我”不会等着孩子偷偷拿，而是主动拿给他 们，故选 B。 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Zhong Nanshan, an 83-year-old doctor ___41___ became a household name 17 years ago for “daring to speak” in the fight against SARS, is one of the public ___42___ (image) of China’s effort to control a new strain of coronavirus. Despite his ___43___ (advance) age, Zhong was appointed ___44___ (lead) the investigation into the new virus, ___45___ (make) millions of Chinese full of hope. His announcement ___46___ the dangerous virus could spread between humans increased the safety prevention about the outbreak. The virus ___47___ (bring) out warmth in humanity. A lot of white-uniformed nurses and doctors were fighting the virus on the front line, whose selfless devotion deserved our respect! China has shown the confidence and the capacity to win this battle. The people’s sense of ___48___ (responsible) to the country has been displayed ___49___ (full) in this joint fight against the outbreak. Care and compassion have not been shadowed by panic and fear. China’s success in controlling this virus is a lesson for history that all countries of the world can clearly benefit ___50___. 【答案】41. who 42. images 43. advanced 44. to lead 45. making 46. that 47. brought 48. responsibility 49. fully 50. from 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章从抗疫英雄钟南山说到团结一心的中国人，正是全体中国人的努力才 成功地控制住了新冠疫情。 【41 题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：钟南山，一位 83 岁的医生， 17 年前对抗 SARS 时因为“直言敢说” 他的名字就已家喻户晓。分析句子结构可知，空白前句成分完整，后句缺少主语，考虑定语 从句，先行词为 Zhong Nanshan，人属性，要用关系代词 who。故填 who。 【42 题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：是中国努力控制新冠疫情的公共形象之一。one of 表示“……之一”， 其后要接名词复数。故填 images。 【43 题详解】 考查形容词。句意：尽管年事已高，钟南山仍然被委任指导对新型病毒的调查，给百万中国 人带来了希望。联系前文提到的 83-year-old，这里应该表示钟南山年龄较大，要用 advanced age 表示“高龄，年事已高”。故填 advanced。 【44 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管年事已高，钟南山仍然被委任指导对新型病毒的调查，给百万 中国人带来了希望。appoint sb. to do sth.的结构，表示“委任某人做某事”，这里使用被动 语态，则要用 be appointed to do sth.的结构，即其后要接不定式。故填 to lead。 【45 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管年事已高，钟南山仍然被委任指导对新型病毒的调查，给百万 中国人带来了希望。分析句子可知，make 在这里作状语，make 与主语 Zhong 之间属于主动 关系，要用现在分词形式表示意料之中的结果。故填 making。 【46 题详解】 考查名词性从句。句意：他宣布这一危险的病毒能人传人，提高了对疫情爆发的预防。分析 句子可知，主语 announcement 的内容就是空白后句子“the dangerous virus could spread between humans”，故空格引导同位语从句，从句句意完整，成分齐全，用 that 引导，that 不作成分，无词义。故填 that。 【47 题详解】 考查时态。句意：病毒无情人有情。本段都是在讲述过去的事情，时态要用一般过去时。故 填 brought。 【48 题详解】 考查名词。句意：人们对于国家的责任感在这场团结一心与疫情的抗争中尽显无遗。空白处 作 of 的宾语，需要名词，这里要用 sense of responsibility 表示“责任感”。故填 responsibility。 【49 题详解】 考查副词。句意：人们对于国家的责任感在这场团结一心与疫情的抗争中尽显无遗。分析句 子可知，full 在这里修饰动词 displayed，要用副词形式。故填 fully。 【50 题详解】 考查介词。句意：中国控制疫情的成功将是一段教科书式的历史，世界上所有国家都可以从 中受益。that 引导定语从句，先行词为 a lesson，在从句中作 benefit from 的宾语，句意上 显然指其他国家可以从中受益，要用 benefit from 表示“从……中获益”。故填 from。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 35 分） 第一节 短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，共 10 分） 51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共 有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（ ）划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者（多第 11 处起）不计分。 The first time when I saw Suzy Khan, I knew I had to help her. She was real small for her age of 12. The boys in my class often joked about her and laughed their head off. She would open a book, pretended to read, without tears dropping on the open page. All I knew was what she was the orphan from Africa. She adopted by a family in town who decided that the best way for him to learn American ways of life was to be with American kids. I looked down at this tiny girl and promise myself that somehow I would help her. 【答案】1.去掉 when 2.real→really 3.head→heads 4.pretended→pretending 5.without→with 6.what→that 7.the→an 8.She 后添加 was 9.him→her 10.promise→promised 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了 Suzy Khan 在班上经常被男生取笑，之后自己假装看书，一边 流泪的事并介绍了 Suzy Khan 的个人经历。 【详解】1.考查状语从句。句意：我第一次见到 Suzy Khan 的时候，我就知道我必须帮助她。 此处为时间状语从句，表示“第一次”应用 the first time 引导。故去掉 when。 2.考查副词。修饰后文形容词 small 应用副词 really，作状语。故 real 改为 really。 3.考查名词的数。句意：我班上的男生经常拿她开玩笑，笑得前仰后合。head 为可数名词， 根据上文 their 可知此处应用复数形式，故 head 改为 heads。 4.考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，pretend 在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语 she 构成主动关系，故应用现在分词作状语。故 pretended 改为 pretending。 5.考查介词。句意：她会打开一本书，假装在看书，眼泪滴落在翻开的书页上。此处为 with 的复合结构“with+宾语+宾补”，故 without 改为 with。 6.考查表语从句。此处为表语从句，从句中不缺少成分，句意完整，故用只起连接作用的 that。 故 what 改为 that。 7.考查冠词。orphan 为可数名词，此处泛指“一个孤儿”应用不定冠词，且 orphan 是发音以 元音音素开头的单词，应用 an。故 the 改为 an。 8.考查动词语态。此处主语 she 与谓语动词 adopt 构成被动关系，且结合后文 decided 可知为 一般过去时的被动语态，主语为 she，谓语动词用单数。故 She 后添加 was。 9.考查代词。句意：她被镇上的一个家庭收养，这个家庭决定对她来说，让她学习美国生活 方式的最好方式就是和美国孩子们在一起。此处指“Suzy Khan”应用代词 her。故 him 改为 her。 10.考查动词时态。根据上文“I looked down at this tiny girl and”可知时态为一般过去时， promise 应用过去式 promised。故 promise 改为 promised。 第二节 书面表达（25 分） 52. 假定你是李华。为了弘扬以“埋头苦干、勇挑重担、永不懈怠、一往无前”为核心的“泰 山挑山工”精神，你校文学社组织开展了以“To Be a Qualified Mountain Porter”为题的征文 比赛。请你结合要点提示，写一篇英语征文，内容如下： ●生活上：勇敢面对挫折，乐观向上； ●学习中：敢于挑战，困难面前永不言弃； ●…… 注意：1. 词数 100 左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 开头及标题已给出，不计入总词数。 To Be a Qualified Mountain Porter Nowadays, the spirit of Mountain Porters has spread around China. 【答案】To Be a Qualified Mountain Porter Nowadays, the spirit of Mountain Porters has spread around China. As middle school students in the modern society, what can we do? Firstly, there must be many difficulties in our life. However, mountain porters never give up and keep working day and night. Thus, we should learn from them and become brave enough to face any difficulty in our life. Secondly, we have met a lot of problems and challenges in our study. And we should treat any challenge in a positive attitude. Besides, we are supposed to do more exercise to keep healthy. We are willing to struggle for our beautiful future with our healthy body and mind. In a word, let’s keep working hard to be qualified mountain porters in the modern society. 【解析】 【分析】 这一篇应用文。要求考生写一篇以“To Be a Qualified Mountain Porter”为题的英语征文。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时。 结构：总分法 总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。 要求：1.表达主题 2.要成为合格的搬山人要如何做： 1）生活上：勇敢面对挫折，乐观向上； 2）学习中：敢于挑战，困难面前永不言弃； 第二步：列提纲（重点词组） never give up; keep working day and night; learn from; face any difficulty; in a positive attitude; do more exercise 第三步：连词成句 1. However, mountain porters never give up and keep working day and night. 2. Thus, we should learn from them and become brave enough to face any difficulty in our life. 3. And we should treat any challenge in a positive attitude. 4. We are supposed to do more exercise to keep healthy. 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词） 1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last 2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only…but (also), including, 3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n./doing, On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that… 4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。 第五步：润色修改 【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符 合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多固定句式，如：Thus, we should learn from them and become brave enough to face any difficulty in our life.这句话运用了 adj./adv.+enough+to do sth. 表示“足够……做某事”。使用了一些固定词组，如 give up; learn from 等。全文中没有中 国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句 转换自然，为文章增色添彩。。