高考英语一轮复习语法专题定语从句复习测新人教版必修2 14页

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 - 1 - 定语从句 （时间 50 分钟；满分 100 分） 班 级 _________________ 姓 名 _____________ 考 号 _________________ 得 分 _______________________ I 语言知识及应用 (共两节，满分 45 分) 第一节 完形填空 (共 20 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分)【广西桂林市桂林中学 2017 届高三 8 月月考】 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A, B, C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处 的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 It was no wonder I was not looking forward to entering the ninth grade. High school is well known for being a battleground, where everyone seems to be__1__through physical changes and emotional mood swings(情绪波动). For me, __2__was my punishment. I had always__3__insecure and out of place as one of the__4__members of my class, standing a head above the other girls and standing at the__5__ of the line to avoid sticking __6__. I especially hate being around large groups of__7__, like during the social hour after services at my church. __8__the prayers were finished, I would__9__ as quickly as possible so I could __10__some well-meaning congratulations, “Ruthie! Look how tall you’re getting!” My grandfather would watch me__11__increasingly uncomfortable, but he did not__12__at my self-consciousness(自我意识) or try to comfort me. __13__, he would remind me. “Stand __14__and tall,” he would say, as I__15__tried to shrink(缩)myself. Even at age 15, I understood that his advice was about__16__than just feet and inches. My grandfather__17__ in war-torn Europe. When German soldiers __18__his hometown, he joined the army to__19__his country’s freedom. “ Stand straight, stand tall,” __20__something else back then. 1. A. getting B. putting C. looking D. going 2. A. age B. weight C. height D. face 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 - 2 - 3. A become B gone C. placed D. felt 4. A. fatter B. taller C. thinner D. shorter 5. A. head B. end C. front D. side 6. A. to B. off C. up D. out 7. A. people B. girls C. teachers D. students 8. A. Until B. Unless C. Once D. While 9. A. leave B. come C. stop D. walk 10. A. accept B. receive C. avoid D. refuse 11. A. make B. move C. turn D.become 12. A. look B. stare C. smile D. laugh 13. A. Instead B. Besides C. However D. Therefore 14. A. back B. straight C. up D. by 15. A. satisfactorily B. happily C. unsuccessfully D. unwillingly 16. A. other B. more C. less D. rather 17. A. grew up B. worked C. died D. travelled 18. A. helped B. developed C. occupied D. visited 19. A. look after B. fight for C. work with D. stay with 20. A. meant B. advised C. carried D. included 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 - 3 - 2. C 考查名词辨析 A. age 年龄；B. weight 重量；C. height 高度；D. face 脸；句意：对 于我来说，身高就是我的恶梦，故选 C 项。 3. D 考查动词辨析 A become 成为；B gone 去；C. placed 放；D. felt 感到；句意： 我一直没有安全感，因为是班里最比较高的人，比其它的女孩高一头，站在队伍的最后边避 免很突兀，故选 D 项。 4. B 考查形容词辨析 A. fatter 胖的；B. taller 高的；C. thinner 瘦的；D. shorter 短的；句意：我一直没有安全感，因为是班里最比较高的人，比其它的女孩高一头，站在队 伍的最后边避免很突兀，根据 standing a head above the other girls 可知选 B 项。 5. B 考查名词辨析 A. head 头；B. end 结束；C. front 前面；D. side 边；句意：我一直 没有安全感，因为是班里最比较高的人，比其它的女孩高一头，站在队伍的最后边避免很突 兀，根据语境可知选 B 项。 6. D 考查介词辨析 A. to 到；B. off 离开；C. up 在。上；D. out 出去；句意：我一直 没有安全感，因为是班里最比较高的人，比其它的女孩高一头，站在队伍的最后边避免很突 兀，故选 D 项。 7. A 考查名词辨析 A. people 人；B. girls 女孩；C. teachers 老师；D. students 学生； 句意：我十分讨厌处在人群中，比如人们在教堂做完祷告后的寒暄和交谈，故选 A 项。 8. C 考查连词辨析 A. Until 直到；B. Unless 除非；C. Once 一旦；D. While 虽然；句意： 祷告一做完，我总是尽快离开教堂，这样就能避开其他人善意的尖叫，“鲁丝！看你又长个 儿了！”故选 C 项。 9. A 考查动词辨析 A. leave 离开；B. come 来；C. stop 停止；D. walk 走；祷告一做完， 我总是尽快离开教堂，这样就能避开其他人善意的尖叫，“鲁丝！看你又长个儿了！”故选 A 项。 10. C 考查动词辨析 A. accept 接受；B. receive 收到；C. avoid 避免；D. refuse 拒绝； 句意：祷告一做完，我总是尽快离开教堂，这样就能避开其他人善意的尖叫，“鲁丝！看你 又长个儿了！”，故选 C 项。 11. D 考查动词辨析 A. make 使；B. move 移动；C. turn 转向；D.become 成为；句意：我 的看到我的别扭，但并不会嘲笑我或安慰我，故选 D 项。 12. D 考查动词辨析 A. look 看 B. stare 盯着；C. smile 微笑；D. laugh 笑；句意：我 的看到我的别扭，但并不会嘲笑我或安慰我。Laugh at sb 嘲笑某人，故选 D 项。 13. A 考查副词辨析 A. Instead 反而；B. Besides 况且；C. However 然而；D. Therefore 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 - 4 - 因此；句意；反而会提醒我，挺起腰板站直了，当我想缩起身子，故选 A 项。 14. B 考查副词辨析 A. back 向后；B. straight 直接；C. up 向上；D. by 通过；句意；反 而会提醒我，挺起腰板站直了，当我想缩起身子。根据语境可知选 B 项。 18. C 考查动词辨析 A. helped 帮助；B. developed 发展；C. occupied 占用；D. visited 参观；句意；当时德国军队占领了他的家乡，他参军为了国家的自由战斗，故选 C 项。 19. B 考查动词短语辨析 A. look after 照顾；B. fight for 为了战斗；C. work with 与。。 一块工作；D. stay with 与。。呆在一起；句意；当时德国军队占领了他的家乡，他参军为了 国家的自由战斗，故选 B 项。 20. A 考查动词辨析 A. meant 意味着；B. advised 建议；C. carried 携带；D. included 包括；句意：“挺起腰板站直了。”在当时有不一样的含义，故选 A 项。 考点 ：人生百味类阅读。 第二节 语法填空 (共 10 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分) 21．(2016·江西宜春二模)Rock－climbing is a breathtaking activity，very popular nationwide among young people，________cooperation as well as courage plays an important role. 22．(2016·山东省实验中学三模)Our English teacher is wearing a gold watch, the hands of________are made of small diamonds. 23．(2016·江西吉安一模)In autumn，________the weather is often cool and fine, people living in the city always like climbing hills for outdoor activities to strengthen their health. 24．(2016·山东青岛一模)The result was not the same as they had expected，________was rather disappointing. 25．(2016·重庆一中期中)Mr.Luke，in________supermarket we bought an iPad last week, 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 - 5 - will give us a report on how to choose a career this evening. 26．(2016·湖南武汉三模)—Where did you come across our Chinese teacher? —It was in the supermarket________I purchased mooncakes. 27．(2016·山东临沂质检)The volunteers will visit the primary school next Monday， ________all the students are children of migrant workers. 28．(2016·浙江杭州高级中学月考六)Flying kites，________some researchers point out, can not only bring about joy to us, but also promote our physical and mental health. 29．(2016·辽宁锦州期末)Drive－ins have large parking lots ________customers are served in their cars by waitresses. 30．(2016·辽宁葫芦岛调研)With the fast development of agriculture, the people, in________village she taught 10 years ago, have lived a happy life. 【答案解析】 23．when 句意：在秋天，那时候天气经常是凉爽而又晴朗的，生活在城市里的人们总是喜 欢将爬山作为户外活动来加强他们的健康。在定语从句中，先行词是 autumn，句子结构完整， 所以用关系副词来作状语，表示时间，答案为 when。] 24．which 句意：结果和他们预料的不一样，相当令人失望。考查非限制性定语从句。which 在从句中作主语。] 25．whose 句意：上周我们在他的超市里购买 iPad 的那个 Luke 先生今天晚上要给我们作关 于择业的讲座。关系词在从句中作定语修饰 supermarket，用 whose。] 26．where 句意：你在哪里遇到我们的语文老师的？是在我买月饼的那个超市里面。先行词 the supermarket 是一个地点，所以用关系副词 where 作从句的地点状语，答案为 where。] 27．where 句意：志愿者下个星期一将去参观小学，那里所有的学生都是农民工的孩子。先 行词是 the primary school，定语从句中不缺成分，用 where 引导定语从句，答案为 where。] 28．as 句意：正如一些研究人员指出的，放风筝不仅能给我们带来快乐，而且也能促进我 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 - 6 - 们的身心健康。这里是 as 引导的非限制性定语从句，as 指代主句的内容，而且在定语从句中 作宾语。] 29．where 句意：“免下车”餐厅有很大的停车场，顾客可以在自己的汽车里接受女侍者的 服务。考查定语从句。large parking lots 是地点，且关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以填 where。] 30．whose 句意：随着农业的快速发展，在她 10 年前教书的村子里，人们一直过着幸福的 生活。考查定语从句。in whose village＝in people’s village，关系词在从句中作定语， 所以填 whose。] II 阅读 (共两节，满分 30 分) 第一节 阅读理解 (共 10 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 20 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项 涂黑。 A 【广西桂林市桂林中学 2017 届高三 8 月月考】 Basketball Statistician Help Wanted The Athletic Department is looking for students to help assist staff during the Fall 2016, Winter 2016-17 and Spring 2017 semesters. Students in this position will be keeping live statistics during basketball games. Students must meet all of the following requirements:  Good computer skills  Available evenings and weekends  Knowing basketball rules and statistics Students interested in working for the Athletic Department should contact the Athletic Coordinator at their respective(各自的) campuses.  TP/SS Athletic Coordinator, Michael Simone,240-567-1308  Rockville Athletic Coordinator, Jorge Zuniga,240-567-7589  Springfield Athletic coordinator, Gary Miller,240-567-2273  Germantown Athletic Coordinator, Gavri Chavan, 240-567-6915 31. When will the job start? A . In May 2016 B. In September 2016 C. In May 2017 D. In 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 - 7 - September 2017 32. Who is more likely to get job? A. Sam, English major, member of the college basketball team B. Judy, IT staff with night classes, children’s basketball team coach C. Ted, computer major, basketball fan, free on evenings and weekends D. Molly, part-time programmer, high school basketball player, new mother 33. Whom should you contact if you want to apply for the job in Rockville? A. Michael B. Jorge C. Gavri D. Gary 32.C 推 理 判 断 题 。 根 据 第 一 段 中 Students must meet all of the following requirements:Good computer skills; Available evenings and weekends; Knowing basketball rules and staristics.学生必须满足下面要求：好的电脑技术；晚上和周末有 空；懂篮球知识，可知 C 项符合题意，故选 C 33.B 细 节 理 解 题 。 根 据 第 二 段 中 Rockville Athletic Coordinator,Jorge Zuniga,240-567-7589.可知 B 项符合题意。故选 B 考点 ：广告类阅读。 B 【广西桂林市桂林中学 2017 届高三 8 月月考】 “Heaven (天堂) is where the police are English, the cooks are French, the mechanics are German, the lovers are Italian and everything is organized by the Swiss. Hell (地狱) is where the police are German, the cooks are English, the mechanics are French, the lovers are Swiss, and everything is organized by the Italians.” Obviously the national stereotypes ( 模 式 化 的 思 想 ) in this old joke are generalizations (普遍化), but such stereotypes are often said to “exist for a reason”. Is there actually a sliver ( 裂 片 ) of truth in them? Not likely, an international research team now says. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 - 8 - “National and cultural stereotypes do play an important role in how people see themselves and others, and being aware that these are not dependable is a useful thing,” said study author Robert McCrae of the National Institute on Aging. “These are in fact unfounded stereotypes. They don’t come from looking around you,” McCrae said. If national stereotypes aren’t rooted in real experiences, then where do they come from? One possibility is that they reflect national values, which may become known from historical events. For example, many historians have argued that the spirit of American individualism (个人主义) has its origins in the experiences of the pioneers on the Old West. Social scientists such as psychologist Richard Robins have given several other possible explanations for stereotypes and why they may be incorrect. Robins notes that some stereotypes may have been correct at one point in history and then remained unchanged while the culture changed. We may be “hard-wired”, to some degree, to keep incorrect stereotypes, since we are less likely to notice and remember information that is different from our stereotypes. Generally, according to Robins, when we meet people who are different from our stereotypes, we see them as unique individuals rather than typical national or cultural groups. 34. The stereotype about Italians is ______. A. romantic but disorganized B. friendly and good-tempered C. dreamy and impractical D. strict but thoughtful 35. National stereotypes are not always correct because______. A. they are formed by individual historians B. what was true in the past may not be true at the present C. generalizations are made through personal experience D. people tend to have false idea about other cultures 36. According to the research team led by McCrae, national stereotypes are ______. A. interesting B. harmful C. humorous D. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 - 9 - unreliable 37. The underlined word “hard-wired” in the last paragraph probably means______. A. forgetful B. anxious C. fixed D. helpless 35.B 考查推理判断理。根据第二段可知玩笑中的对于一个国家模式化的思想反应是客观事 实，但这些存在都是有原因的，现在也是这样的吗，不一定，故选 B 项。 36.D 考查细节理解题。根据第三段提到 National and cultural stereotypes do play an important role in how people see themselves and others, and being aware that these are not dependable is a useful thing 这些模式化的观念在人们如何看待这个国家的问题 上起着重要的作用，但完全依靠这种判断是不是可能的，故选 D 项。 37.C 考查词意理解。根据最后一段提到 We may be “hard-wired”, to some degree, to keep incorrect stereotypes, since we are less likely to notice and remember information that is different from our stereotypes 在某种程度上，保持错误的模式化思想可能就是 无法改变的， 因为我们不可能注意到与我们模式化思想的不同，故选 C 项。 考点 ：文化类阅读。 C 【湖北省部分重点中学 2017 届高三上学期起点考试】 I believe you can do your best. Not being the best but toughing the limits of what you’re capable of. I gained this belief from my third grade teacher, the most special, honored, trustworthy, and loved person in my life. Mr. Myrus was always perfectly dressed and spoke with the belief that talking to eight-year-olds didn’t mean he had to sacrifice proper statements or grammars. And he was demanding but he wasn’t unreasonable or cruel. He simply felt that no matter what your best was, you should achieve it. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 - 10 - As luck would have it, I met him again as my eighth grade math teacher. I was not, nor ever will be, gifted in math. I remember my struggles in class. “I don’t know the answer,” I would say, “I can’t do it!” “Perhaps you don’t know the answer,” he would say quietly. “Do you think we might figure it out together? How do you know what you can do until you try?” Mr. Myrus lived around the corner, and I would often stop by to talk while he worked in his garden. I knew there was someone who let me know that if I had really tried, that was enough. “Don’t be so hard on yourself,” he’d say. “Stop blaming yourself. Did you try your best? Well, then you’re not a failure,” he often told me these words. Mr. Myrus died in 1978. I had never thought about his death. He was too young. I felt sorry. But when I think about him now, I don’t feel so sorry. He taught me to be kind, not only to others, but to myself. He taught me my own value. He taught me about honor, about truth, and about doing my best—and that all feelings and beliefs have dignity and deserve respect. And of all the things I know, this I believe: We can’t all be “the best”, but we can, each of us, be our best, and I know that’s true because Mr. Myrus told me that. 38. What can we know about Mr. Myrus according to the passage? A. He usually treats his students in a hard way. B. He is responsible for his teaching and students. C. He is a person who isn’t particular about what he wears. D. He sometimes is cruel and unreasonable to his students. 39. The author thought he was a lucky dog because ______. A. he had got a great belief from his teacher B. Mr. Myrus had taught him for eight years C. Mr. Myrus became his teacher a second time D. he developed a good relationship with Mr. Myrus 40. It can be concluded from the third paragraph that ______. A. the author preferred other subjects to math B. Mr. Myrus thought it was very easy to learn math 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 - 11 - C. the author was ashamed to admit his math was poor D. Mr. Myrus helped the author build up his confidence 第二节 【广西桂林市桂林中学 2017 届高三 8 月月考】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选 出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The Science of Risk-Seeking Sometimes we decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems worth tasking. __41__ Some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the rest of us. Why? Experts say it may have to do with how our brains work. The reason why any of us take any risks at all might have to do with early humans. Risk-takers were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring. __42__ As the quality of Risk-taking was passed from on ration to the next, humans ended up with a sense of adventure and a tolerance for risk. So why aren’t we all jumping out of airplanes then? Well, even 200,000 years ago, too much risk-taking could get one killed. A few daring survived, though, along with a few stay-in-the-cave types. As a result, humans developed a range of character types that still exists today. So maybe you love car racing, or maybe you hate it. __43__ No matter where you are on the risk-seeking range, scientists say that your willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years. __44__ To help you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences. New experiences often mean taking some risks, so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 - 12 - __45__ For the risk-seekers a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active, while for the rest of us, a part of the brain related to fear becomes active. As experts continue to study the science of risk-seeking, we’ll continue to hit the mountains, the waves or the shallow end of the pool. A. Those are the risks you should jump to take. B. It all depends on your character. C. Being better at those things meant a greater chance of survival. D. Thus, these well-equipped people survived because they were the fittest. E. This is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world. F. However, we are not all using the same reference standard to weigh risks and rewards. G. New brain research suggests our brains work differently when we face a nervous situation. 【答案】 41.F 42.C 43.B 44.E 45.G 42.C 前面说 Risk﹣takers were better at hunting，fighting，or exploring．喜欢冒险 的人表现更优秀．这意味着他们有更大的机会生存下去．故选 C 43.B 前面说 So maybe you love car racing，or maybe you hate it．也许你喜欢赛车，也 许你不喜欢．这要依据你的性格．故选 B 44.E 前面说 scientists say that your Willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years．科学家们指出冒险的意愿在年轻时会不断强烈；后面说 To help you do that， 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 - 13 - your brain increases your hunger for new experiences．为了帮你实现那些，大脑会不 断增加你对新的经历的渴望．而这些是在你离开家庭，走进一个更大的世界的时候．故选 E 45.G 空格后面说 For the risk﹣seekers a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active，while for the rest of us，a part of the brain related to fear becomes active．不 同的人的大脑在处理快乐和恐惧时表现也会不一样．故前面应该是说大脑的不同反应．故选 G 考点 ：七选五 III 写作 (满分 25 分) 【湖北省部分重点中学 2017 届高三上学期起点考试】书面表达（满分 25 分 假定你是高 三学生李华，从网上获悉一家国际青少年志愿者组织正在全球招募暑期志请写一封电子邮件 申请参加。主要内容如下： 1．写信目的； 2．自我介 3．希望获准。 注意： 1．词数 100 左右； 2．文章的结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 3．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Sir or Madam, ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ With all my best regards. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Sir or Madam, I’m writing this letter to apply for the job as a volunteer that you have advertised on the Internet. In my opinion, not only can volunteer work help me enrich 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 - 14 - my knowledge and experience, but also it can help those in need live better and become more confident. I will graduate from senior high school in June. In the past, I took part in many social activities in which I performed well and gained rich experience. My interest and skill in English, communication and teamwork contribute to my application for the job. I would appreciate an interview at your convenience. I’m looking forward to hearing from you in the future. With all my best regards. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【亮点说明】范文中运用一些常见的短语 apply for 申请；in one’s opinion 在某人看来； contribute to 有助于；look forward to 盼望着；In my opinion, not only can volunteer work help me enrich my knowledge and experience, but also it can help those in need live better and become more confident.这个句子运用到部分倒装；In the past, I took part in many social activities in which I performed well and gained rich experience. 这个句子运用到 in which 引导的定语从句； 考点： 提纲类作文