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深圳市外国语学校2021届高三第一次月考
英 语
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题考上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。
一、单项选择（每小题1分，满分15分）
1．—This is the third time he ________ for his voluntary work for the Red Cross．
—No wonder he is so excited!
A．has praised B．had been praised
C．has been praised D．had praised
2．She wondered why he didn’t do it as ___________.
A．required to B．requiring C．required D．to require
3．She hurried to her office by taxi, only_____that the key had been left at home.
A．finding B．found C．find D．to find
4．— What about the protection of these new machines?
— Let’s keep the surface ________ dust by putting a cover over them.
A．far from B．apart from
C．free from D．away from
5．It’s three years ______my brother joined the army and it will be ten days ______he comes back to see our parents.
A．when; after B．since; when C．before; until D．since; before
6．He wrote a letter ______ he explained what had happened in the accident.
A．what B．which C．where D．how
7．The aim was not to________ valuable time with the usual boring pictures．
A．take up B．make up C．pick up D．put up
8．— Actually, you hurt Mary yesterday.
— Sorry, I didn't mean to be so___________.
A．ambitious B．abrupt C．awkward D．allergic
9．In America, a ________ lunch may consist of a burger or sandwich, a vegetable or fruit salad, a dessert, and a coke or coffee.
A．stable B．reasonable C．typical D．vital
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10．After a heated discussion, a new plan came______ being, which would have a great effect ______ the study of the students.
A．into; for B．to; to C．from; at D．into; on
11．Almost everyone is ______ bringing down the price of housing, because it’s too high.
A．in favor of B．in charge of
C．in honor of D．in search of
12．Alfred Nobel's greatness ______ his outstanding ability to combine the qualities of an original scientist with ______of a forward-looking industrialist.
A．lies in; those B．brings out; the ones
C．accounts for; that D．comes to; ones
13．Ray is a new graduate, and ________ seems that he has difficulty in dealing with ________ problems arise.
A．what, whichever B．what, whenever
C．it, whatever D．it, wherever
14．A study shows the students who are engaged in after-school activities are happier than _________who are not.
A．ones B．those
C．these D．them
15．The doctor insisted that I ______ a high fever and that I ______ a rest for a few days.
A．had; had B．have; have C．had; have D．have; had
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共20小题:每小题2分，满分40分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
The Wuhan Institute of Shipbuilding Technology was used as a quarantine site (隔离区) from Feb 8 to March 28. Cheng Shining, a junior of Central China Normal University in Wuhan, was responsible for collecting and distributing supplies for quarantined people and medical staff. As the youngest volunteer at this site, he also chose to live there so that he could show up whenever he was needed.
One day Cheng and two other volunteers took more than 3 hours to move all 1,462 boxes of mineral water to storage with 50 firemen's help. Cheng says. "A single person's strength is limited, but we know the whole country is helping us."
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Cheng was a volunteer for the Military World Games held in Wuhan last October. It was the first time he saw his hometown under the world's spotlight. "I've experienced the highlight of Wuhan, and now when my hometown touched a low point, I want to get through the difficulty together with the city," Cheng says.
Like Cheng, 28-year-old Wuhan local Zhu Aobing also volunteered to help his home city. He signed up right away to be a volunteer for the vaccine. A total of 108 Wuhan locals became the first group of COVID-19 vaccine volunteers in March. They are healthy adults aged from 18 to 60 selected from thousands of people who applied.
"Since the lockdown, I've always been thinking what I can do for my hometown during the epidemic," he says. Zhu is a freshman of Hubei University of Technology in Wuhan. He joined the army when he was 18 years old and served for five years. However, Zhu didn't want to miss the chance to study further, so he decided to go to college last year.
"No matter how long I have finished my military service, I always have the responsibility to go to the front line when the country needs me, and when facing this pandemic(疫情)，being a vaccine volunteer is what I should do," he says.
16．How does Cheng sound when talking about the help from the firemen?
A．Descriptive and serious B．Generous and exciting
C．Appreciative and optimistic D．Cautious and supportive
17．How can Zhu help his home city?
A．By serving the Military World Games. B．By helping run a quarantine site.
C．By studying further in college. D．By being a vaccine volunteer.
18. What does the “highlight” probably refer to in para.3
A. Wuhan held the Military World Game successfully.
B. Wuhan was locked down because of the COVID 19.
C. Cheng was a volunteer for the Military World Game.
D. Cheng was a volunteer to store the mineral water.
19．What do Cheng and Zhu have in common?
A．They are Wuhan locals. B．They served in the army.
C．They are of the same age. D．They graduated from university.
20．Which of the following is most likely said by President Xi to them during the epidemic?
A．Diligence is crucial for the development of our country.
B．Chinese dream is what pushes the whole country ahead.
C．Life is a book and you are responsible for your own page.
D．The Chinese youth of the new era can shoulder great missions.
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B
The Forbidden City is well known for being full of Chinese cultural and historical relics. But Masters in the Forbidden City (《我在故宫修文物》) does not just focus on the stories of the past.
Instead，the documentary movie，which came out in Chinese cinemas on Dec. 16, focuses on ordinary people—the restorers (修复者) of relics and antiquities (古董).
The stories are told at a slow and relaxed pace, reflecting the restorers’ work. Restoration of cultural relics and antiques can be time-consuming, and sometimes boring. Yet these restorers’ patience and peace of mind are especially precious in a society where everything is changing so fast.
“If you choose this job，you have to stand hours of work sitting on a chair. You need to be quiet and get used to being quiet,” says Wang Jin' an ancient clock repair expert.
A touching part of the documentary is the spirit of craftsmanship (工艺) in the restorers. “Years of humdrum work requires not only skill，but also faith and spirit, China Daily commented. Looking for preciseness and perfection, devoting yourself to work, patience, endurance (忍耐)，loneliness... All these qualities come from the craftsman spirit.”
But unlike the popular idea of serious experts who sit around being serious, the documentary shows off the enthusiasm of the restorers. They play their guitars and make jokes about each other after a long day of restoration work.
One scene that has been very popular with Internet users features a young female restorer riding a bicycle through the empty Forbidden City on a Monday. While she is doing this, a narrator says,”The last person to do this was Puyi, the last emperor of the Qing Dynasty.”
Masters in the Forbidden City has proved wrong many people’s ideas about antique restorers, allowing them to realize that they are not old, dull professors, but people in their 40s, 30s and even 20s who can be quite pleasing to the eye.
21．According to the text，what’s the main purpose of the documentary Masters in the Forbidden City?
A．To show people how antiques are restored.
B．To display relics seldom seen by ordinary people.
C．To draw attention to Chinese antique restorers' lives.
D．To praise the craftsmanship of Chinese antique restorers.
22. Which of the following statements is true?
A. Masters in the Forbidden mainly talks about the story of the past.
B. Masters in the Forbidden talks about the story of serious expert.
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C. Masters in the Forbidden shows the enthusiasm of the restorers.
D. The idea of the documentary came out on Dec.16.
23．According to Wang Jin, we can learn that ________.
A．he often gets tired with his work
B．there is no need to do restoration work fast
C．antique restorers need to be patient and peaceful
D．it takes years of hard work to adapt to antique restoration
24．The underlined word “humdrum” probably means ________.
A．boring B．different C．relaxing D．unusual
25．The bicycle-riding scene in the documentary is used to ________.
A．remind the audience of the last Qing emperor
B．show the strange hobbies of young antique restorers
C．encourage the young to consider a career in antique restoration in the future
D．show that the documentary breaks from the old，dull image of antique restorers
C
Regrets are often painful. A study suggests that some people can overcome them, said Jia Wei Zhang, a psychology graduate at the University of California. But this isn’t the case for everyone, he said.
The researchers wondered why some people report feeling improvement from regrets but others don’t. Does it lie in how people approach their regrets?
In the study, the researchers focused on self-compassion (自我同情) as a potential factor in why some people have an easier time leaving their regrets behind them.
400 people attended an experiment. First, they were asked to write about their biggest regret. Half wrote something they did but wish they hadn’t done; the other half wrote something they didn’t do but wish they had. Then, the participants were randomly assigned to one of three groups: self compassion, self-esteem and a control group. The self-esteem group was asked to respond by “talking to yourself about this regret from the aspect of confirming your positive qualities”.
The control group was asked to write about their favorite hobby rather than their regret. Then, they were asked about their feelings of forgiveness, acceptance and personal improvement following the exercise.
They found that the self-compassion group reported greater feelings of acceptance, forgiveness and personal improvement, compared with the control group and the self esteem group. In other words, focusing on your best qualities is not what helps you feel better about a
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regret. Rather, being compassionate toward yourself is what may make a difference, the researchers found.
It’s possible that people who practice self-compassion are able to confront their regrets and see what went wrong, so they can make a better choice in the future, Zhang told Live Science. Self-compassion pushes people to accept their regret instead of running away from it.
The researchers used an example of this from a previous study on breast cancer patients who were asked to try thinking about their treatment in a positive light before it began. The women who did so reported greater feelings of personal growth later on.
26．What does the underlined word “confront” in Paragraph 7 mean?
A．Handle B．Forget.
C．Ignore D．Show.
27．What were the students in the self-esteem group asked to do?
A．Think of a way out. B．Write about their regrets.
C．Record their favorite hobbies. D．Treat their regrets in positive ways.
28．Why were the participants asked about their good qualities?
A．To cover up their regrets.
B．To see if they have weaknesses.
C．To see if they have self compassion.
D．To help them feel better about their regrets.
29. Why self-compassion people reported greater feeling compared with the self-esteem people and self-control people?
A. They tend to focus on their best quality
B. They tend to be compassionate towards themselves.
C. They tend to refuse to make a choice
D. They tent to run away from the regrets.
30．What was the aim of mentioning the researchers’ study on breast cancer patients?
A．To show the method of the research.
B．To show the value of the acceptance.
C．To show the truth of people’s feeling.
D．To show the difficulty of the research.
D
Are you aware that every single person on this planet who has ever lived, lives now or will live, has a different perception of reality? The way each of us perceives the world is to some degree different than any other person's perception of reality. __①__ What is absolutely real and
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right for you may be an illusion, or nonexistent, or completely false for another!
It's important to know this. __②__ For example, the news media loves to create drama, and one of their favorite methods is to elicit(引起) fear: fear of other people, fear of the weather, fear of the economy, etc. The news media tells us how to perceive the world—and if a person takes the newscasters at their word, they perceive the world to be very dangerous and hostile. To that person，the mental images and emotions suggested by other people create a version of reality that is completely different from the reality perceived by someone who does not watch the news.
Things are not always what they seem. For most people, seeing is believing, which is why magicians, artists and marketers are so successful. Just like the TV news, they show you only what they want you to see and it is perceived as reality. But how would that reality change if you saw what went on behind the scenes or what was left out?
What's your story?
We all have a story. Over time, your story takes on a life of its own and you become your story. But who's the author and why did him put so much crap in there? All that unnecessary suffering, struggle, heartache, worry and pain... wouldn't it be better to live a story without all that? Who wants to live in a story with that much boredom and unfulfilled longings?
The story got its start when you were born, and was coauthored by you along with the influences in your life. __③__ Anytime you were influenced by someone or something, you unconsciously handed your pen over and said “Here, you write this about me.” So you are not even writing your OWN story! No one does—until they recognize that fact, and make a conscious decision to take control of the pen. You CAN write your story the way you want it to play out.
________________
It is helpful to understand how the brain takes reality and filters it to create your unique perception of reality. It's an automatic unconscious action that is based on：
● Physical experiences (which is why some optical illusions are extremely unsettling)
● Past conditioning (how you are programmed to see the world)
__④__ When you become aware of the fact that you are constructing your own reality, you can take charge and build one that is more pleasing. If you change your mind, your vibration and your intentions, you can change your circumstances! Instead of, “I am a victim of circumstance，” imprint in your mind, “I am the cocreator of my life”； Instead of, “I am sick and tired of...” imprint in your mind，“I am in control and enthusiastic about what I do”．
Raise your vibration by thinking, talking and acting more positively. As positiveness becomes a mental habit，that change will become your new inner reality, which will soon manifest in your outer reality.
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The power of perception is immense. Choose to see more good than bad, more abundance than lack, more love than indifference and more success than struggle.
31. What does the underlined word “perception” mean in the first paragraph?
A. sense B. acceptance
B. reception D. deception
32．How does the author present his viewpoints in the first three paragraphs?
A．By answering questions. B．By giving examples.
C．By making comparisons. D．By drawing conclusions.
33．The sentence “Because if you are not aware, your perception, world view and reality are created by other people.” should be put in ________．
A．① B．② C．③ D．④
34．Which of the following subtitles can be filled in the blank?
A．Seeing is not believing
B．Live up to your expectations
C．Change your perception and create a new reality
D．Physical experiences and past conditioning really count
35．What is the tone of the passage?
A．Instructive. B．Humorous.
C．Critical. D．Ironic.
第二节(共5小题:每小题2分， 满分10分)
If you're going abroad for college, you might be thinking about how to get yourself a safe and cozy home for the years ahead. Of course, dormitories are always a good place to start. but some large state colleges require juniors to live off campus due to the limited number of dorm rooms. 36
How to find a house
___37___. If you are just a freshman or don't know many people, don't hesitate to approach some upperclassmen in your classes or clubs. More often than not, upperclassmen have more experience with renting and are more familiar with the area your school is in.
Another good idea is to talk to seniors who are currently living off- campus. These seniors' landlords will most likely be looking for new tenants (房客) after graduation.
Also, registered realtors（房地产经纪人）might be able to find you a place for a fee. In addition, Facebook groups can also provide some useful information. ___38___.
Roommates
Having roommates can not only save us some money, but also give us valuable
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companionship. However, remember that finding the right roommates for you is the most important thing, other than safety concerns. ___39___, definitely do not lie about your preferences, schedule, or habits, even if talking about them could make you uncomfortable. On the other side, also remember to ask your potential roommates to tell you about themselves in detail.
___40___, please do everybody a favor by being upfront about it. Constantly running into conflicts with your quiet roommate is definitely the last thing you want.
A. If you are a party animal
B. While looking for roommates
C. Get along well with your roommates
D. When having a chat with your roommate
E. First, you can ask your friends who are already living off campus
F. However, be really careful if you get in touch with strangers through the internet
G. Nonetheless, renting an apartment can give you some hands-on experience with living
第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题:每小题1.5分，满分30分)
Some of the greatest problems we face today are concerned with the gradual destruction of our environment. Brown clouds; wildlife 41 ; polluted water. These 42 all seem so huge. So my family does what we can. We take cloth bags to stores instead of using plastic bags. We walk where we don’t have to 43 .
But does it do any good?
I recently learned something about flamingos (火烈鸟). These beautiful birds gather in 44 groups of a thousand or more. Every year, when the time 45 for migration, a few flamingos start the process by taking off from the lake. But 46 of the others seem to notice, so the tiny group returns.
However, the next day they 47 again. This time a few more struggle along with them, but the vast majority still 48 no attention, so these pioneers come back.
The 49 continues for several more days. Every time a few more birds join in but, 50 the thousands of others still take no 51 , the great migration plan is once again 52 .
Then one day something 53 . The same small group of birds takes wing and a tiny number more join in, just as before. And this time their total number, though still quite 54 , is enough to tip the balance. As one, the whole group takes flight and the migration 55 . What a 56 sight it must be – thousands of flamingos taking to the sky at once!
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A few can make a 57 . It’s true that all of the great problems of the world have been solved because of the 58 efforts of a few.
If you believe in a cause (事业), don’t 59 ! Others will someday take notice and together we will 60 even our greatest problems.
41．A．protection B．extinction C．migration D．separation
42．A．questions B．costs C．examples D．problems
43．A．drive B．run C．cycle D．stand
44．A．tiny B．different C．huge D．similar
45．A．comes B．passes C．varies D．moves
46．A．all B．any C．none D．most
47．A．gather B．attempt C．sing D．appear
48．A．attract B．require C．escape D．pay
49．A．plan B．trend C．activity D．movement
50．A．since B．though C．unless D．while
51．A．responsibility B．notice C．chance D．measure
52．A．put off B．cut off C．carried out D．worked out
53．A．approaches B．works C．changes D．disappears
54．A．significant B．reasonable C．adequate D．small
55．A．continues B．delays C．finishes D．begins
56．A．familiar B．strange C．magnificent D．unrealistic
57．A．point B．decision C．difference D．mistake
58．A．useless B．tireless C．extra D．special
59．A．give up B．give in C．give away D．give out
60．A．identify B．understand C．predict D．address
第二节（共10个小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Up to 82 percent of children with healthy mothers are not easy to be obese（肥胖的）, according to research. A mother, 61． has a healthy weight, exercises regularly, eats a healthy diet, doesn’t smoke and only 62． (drink) wine in moderation, is significantly less likely 63． (have)a fat child, scientists say.
And research suggests it could be more to do with nurture (养育) 64． nature, as a mother's lifestyle appears 65． (direct) linked to the health of her child. When both mother and child follow a healthy lifestyle, the risk of obesity 66． (reduce) even more, the study of more than
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24,000 children found.
The study examined the medical history and lifestyles of more than 24,000 children aged nine 67． fourteen, born to almost 17,000 women in the US. Researchers looked at the link between overall mother health and likelihood of a child 68． (be) obese.
The mother's health was judged on her height-to-weight ratio (比例), her diet, amount of physical 69． (active), smoking status and how much alcohol she drank. A healthy weight and diet, regular exercise, no smoking and moderate drinking all reduce the chance of a woman having 70． obese child.
第四部分写作 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假如你是学生会主席李华，你的同学Van打算暑假回国，正考虑为他妈妈带些中国特色的礼物，特发信息向你征求建议。请根据以下内容用英语给Van回复邮件。
内容要点:
1. 建议礼物:旗袍，中国结等
2. 说明选择礼物的原因
3. 表达祝福和问候
注意: 1、可适当增加细节以使行文连贯；
2、词数100左右。
参考词汇:旗袍 Chi-pao 中国结 Chinese knot
Dear Van,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一个完整的故事。
It was Christmas Day. Pappy was working alone fixing an old lantern in the backroom when he heard the ringing of his bell on the shop door. The bell, which produced a uniquely pleasant sound, had been in Pappy’s family for over a hundred years. He valued it dearly and enjoyed sharing its song with all who came to his shop. Although the bell hung on the inside of the main
21
door, Pappy had tied a wire to the screen door so that it would ring whether the inner door was open or not. Hearing the bell, he left the backroom to greet his customer.
“And how can I help you, little lady?” Pappy’s voice was joyful.
“Hello, sir.” The little girl spoke almost in a whisper. She looked at Pappy with her big brown eyes, and then slowly scanned the room in search of something special. Shyly she told him, “I’d like to buy a present, sir.”
“Well, let’s see,” Pappy said, “who is this present for?”
“My grandpa. It’s for my grandpa. But I don’t know what to get.”
Pappy began to make suggestions. “How about a pocket watch? It’s in good condition.” The little girl didn’t answer. She had walked to the doorway and put her small hand on the door. She shook the door gently to ring the bell. Pappy’s face seemed to glow as he saw her smiling with excitement.
“This is just right,” the little girl said. “Momma says grandpa loves music.”
Just then, Pappy’s expression changed. Fearful of breaking the little girl’s heart, he told her, “I’m sorry, Missy. That’s not for sale. Maybe your grandpa would like this little radio.”
The girl looked at the radio, bowed her head, and sadly sighed, “No, I don’t think so.”
In an effort to help her understand, Pappy told her that the bell had been his only companion, for the rest of his family were all gone now, except for his estranged (疏远的) daughter whom he had not seen for nearly a decade.
注意：
1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2. 应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3. 续写部分分为两段，每段开头语已为你写好；
4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1:
With a giant tear in her eye, the little girl looked up at him.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Later that evening when Pappy was closing up the shop, he heard a familiar ringing.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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英语参考答案
1-5. CCDCD 6-10. CABCD
11-15. AACBC 16-20 .CDAAD
21-25 .CCCAD 26-30.ADDBB
31-35 .ABBCA 36-40. G E F B A
41-45.B D A CA 46-50.C B D B A
51-55 .B A C D D 56-60 .C C B A D
61．who 62．drinks 63．to have 64．than 65．directly
66．is reduced 67．to 68．being 69．activity 70．an
【详解】
一、单项选择（每小题1分，满分15分）
1．C
【详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：——这是他第三次因为为红十字会做义工而受到表扬。——难怪他这么兴奋！此处为句型“This /That is the +序数词+名词+that+现在完成时”，意为“某人第几次做某事”，且此处主语he与谓语动词构成被动关系，故应用现在完成时的被动语态，助动词用has。故选C。
2．C
【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：她奇怪他为什么不按要求做这件事。分析句子结构可知require应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语he构成被动关系，故应用过去分词。故选C。
3．D
【详解】
考查结果状语用法。句意：她匆忙打车去办公室，结果发现钥匙忘在家了。only to do 作结果状语，多用来表示出人意料、结局令人沮丧的结果。这里表示发现钥匙忘记在家里了，所以是to find。故选D项。
4．C
【详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：---对这些机器的有什么保护吗？---让我们通过在上面盖上机器来保持机器表面远离尘土。A, B, D 选项的意思均为使··远离··，只有A项意思为使··免受··。根据句意“让我们盖上机器，以免蒙尘。”。故选C。
5．D
【详解】
考查连词词义辨析和固定句式。句意：我哥哥参军已经三年了，他要过十天才能回来看望我们的父母。A. when(当……时候)；after(在……之后)；B. since(自从)； when(当……时候)；C. before(在……之前)；until(直到)；D. since(自从)；before(在……之前)。分析可知，第一个空所在句应是固定句式：it’s+一段时间+since+过去时句子，意为“自从……以来，多长时间了”，因此第一个空应是since；第二个空所在句应是固定句式：it+ will be+一段时间+before+现在时句式，意为“过多久才……”，因此第二个空应是before。故选D项。
6．C
【详解】
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考查定语从句。句意：他写了一封信，在信中他解释了事故中发生的一切。a letter是先行词，从句本身主(he )--谓(explains )--宾(what had happened in the accident)成分齐全，先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，要使用关系副词where引导定语从句。故选C。
7．A
【详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：这样做的目的是为了不让那些无聊的照片占据宝贵的时间（花宝贵的时间去拍那些无聊的照片）。A. take up占据（时间）；B. make up组成；C. pick up捡起；D. put up 张贴。根据“valuable time”可知此处表示“占据（时间）”，故A项正确。
8．B
【详解】
考查形容词。句意：——事实上，你昨天伤害了Mary。——不好意思，我不是故意如此唐突的。A. ambitious 有雄心的；B. abrupt 唐突的；C. awkward 尴尬的，笨拙的；D. allergic 过敏的。根据Actually,you hurt Mary yesterday.可知这里在进行解释，“我不是故意如此唐突的”符合语境，故选B。
9．C
【详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在美国，典型的午餐包括一个汉堡或三明治，一份蔬菜或水果沙拉，一份甜点，一杯可乐或咖啡。A. stable 稳定的，牢固的；B. reasonable 合理的；C. typical 典型的；D. vital 重要的。分析语境，根据划线后提到“一个汉堡或三明治，一份蔬菜或水果沙拉，一份甜点，一杯可乐或咖啡”可知，这是美国人午餐包含的内容。这些都是常见之物，很典型。故选C项。
10．D
【详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：经过激烈的讨论，一个对学生的学习有很大影响的新计划诞生了。come into being意为“产生，开始存在” ，have a great effect on 意为“对……产生很大影响”。故选D项。
【点睛】
通过句中所给词摘出固定用法，在平时需要多加积累。
11．A
【详解】
考查介词短语。句意：几乎每个人都赞成降低房价，因为它太高了。A. in favor of支持，赞成；B. in charge of负责，掌管；C. in honor of为纪念；D. in search of寻找。根据“, because it’s too high.”可知，房价太高，几乎每个人都赞成降低房价。故选A。
12．A
【详解】
考查动词词组和代词。句意：艾弗瑞德·诺贝的伟大之处在于他能把一个有独创性的科学家的品质和一个有远见的实业家的品质结合起来。A. lies in在于；those那些；B. brings out带来，使发生；the ones那些；C. accounts for占……比例；that那个；D. comes to谈到，达到；ones。结合句意可知，第一空填lies in；第二空用those替代名词复数qualities，因为后面有后置定语，且替代的内容是复数形式，故选A。
13．C
【详解】
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考查it和名词性从句。句意：Ray刚刚大学毕业，他似乎很难处理任何出现的问题。分析句子可知，第一空应用it作形式主语，seems后面的that引导真正的主语从句，it seems that…“似乎……”；第二空是宾语从句，arise是不及物动词，分析句子可知，此处需要一个地点状语，故用wherever引导符合语境。综上所述，故选C项。
14．B
【详解】
考查代词。句意：一项研究表明，参加课外活动的学生比不参加课外活动的学生更开心。空格处代词与the students是对应关系，可以用the ones或者those替代。“them”指代的是前边提到的复数名词，不能与the students形成对应关系。“these”一般不用定语从句修饰。故选B。
15．C
【详解】
考查虚拟语气和时态。句意：医生坚持说我发高烧，并坚持要求我休息几天。分析可知，第一个空前的谓语insisted，意为“坚持认为”含义，之后宾语从句应是陈述句语气，即：一般过去时；第二空前谓语insisted被省略，但意为“坚持要求”，之后宾语从句应是虚拟语气，即：that+主语+（should）+动词原形……。故选C项。
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共20小题:每小题2分，满分40分)
A篇 16-20 CDAAD
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章分别讲述了两位来自武汉的志愿者在疫情期间做出的贡献。
16．
推理判断题。根据第二段的A single person's strength is limited, but we know the whole country is helping us. 可知，在程看来，虽然个人的力量有限，但他知道整个国家都在帮助他们。由此推测，他一方面有对于国家援助的感激之情，另一方面也能感受到战胜疫情的信心。C. Appreciative and optimistic(感激并且乐观)符合以上推测，故选C项。
17．
细节理解题。根据第四段第一二句Like Cheng, 28-year-old Wuhan local Zhu Aobing also volunteered to help his home city. He signed up right away to be a volunteer for the vaccine.(像程一样，28岁的武汉当地人，朱奥兵也自愿帮助自己的家乡。他立刻报名成为疫苗的志愿者。)可知， 朱帮助自己城市的方式就是申请成为疫苗志愿者。D. By being a vaccine volunteer.(通过成为疫苗志愿者)符合以上说法，故选D项。
18．
细节理解题。根据第三段的Cheng was a volunteer for the Military World Games held in Wuhan last October. It was the first time he saw his hometown under the world's spotlight.(程是去年世界军人运动会的志愿者。这是他第一次看到自己的家乡成为世界的焦点。)和第四段的28-year-old Wuhan local Zhu Aobing(28岁的武汉当地人朱)可知，两位志愿者都是武汉人。A. They are Wuhan locals.(他们是武汉当地人)符合以上说法，故选A项。
19.A（略）
20．
推理判断题。根据第一段的Cheng Shining, a junior of Central China Normal University in Wuhan, was responsible for collecting and distributing supplies for quarantined people and
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medical staff. As the youngest volunteer at this site, he also chose to live there so that he could show up whenever he was needed. (程，武汉华中师范大学二年级学生，负责为隔离区和医护人员收集和分发供给品。作为这个点最小的志愿者，他也选择了住在这里，这样他就可以在任何需要他的时间出现)和最后一段的No matter how long I have finished my military service, I always have the responsibility to go to the front line when the country needs me, and when facing this pandemic，being a vaccine volunteer is what I should do(不管我已经服完兵役多久，当国家需要我的时候我都有责任去到最前线，当面对疫情时，成为疫苗志愿者就是我应该做的)可知，两位志愿者虽然年轻但都能为国家为大局挺身而出负起责任，由此推断D. The Chinese youth of the new era can shoulder great missions.(中国新时代的年轻人能肩负伟大的职责)更有可能是习总书记对他们说的话,故选 D项。
B篇21-25 CCCAD
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了纪录片《我在故宫修文物》所反映出的中国古董修复师的工匠精神。
1. 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Instead，the documentary movie，which came out in Chinese cinemas on Dec. 16, focuses on ordinary people—the restorers(修 复者)of relics and antiquities”可知，纪录片《我在故宫修文物》的主要目的是让人们关注中国古董修复师的生活，故C项正确。
2. C. 细节题
23．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Yet these restorers’ patience and peace of mind are especially precious in a society where everything is changing so fast.”可知，然而，在一个一切都在快速变化的社会中，这些修复师的耐心和内心的平静是特别宝贵的，随后王进的话就是解释这一点，在他看来，古董修复师需要耐心和平和，故C项正确。
24．词义猜测题。上文王进说如果你选择了古董修复师这份工作，你必须在椅子上站好几个小时，你需要安静，习惯安静，这是很单调的，再根据画线词后的“work requires not only skill，but also faith and spirit,”可知，多年单调的工作不仅需要技巧，而且需要信念和精神，由此可知画线词词义为“单调的”，故A项正确。
25．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“allowing them to realize that they are not old, dull professors,”可知，这部纪录片里骑自行车的场景被用来展示这部纪录片打破了古董修复师衰老、沉闷的形象，故D项正确。
C篇26-30 ADDBB
本文一篇科普说明类文章。研究发现，自我同情有助于人们更好地处理自己“后悔”这种感受。
26．词义猜测题。文章第二段最后一句Does it lie in how people approach their regrets?提出问题：原因在于人们如何处理他们的后悔吗？下文通过实验回答了这个问题。故第七段中的It’s possible that people who practice self-compassion are able to confront their regrets and see what went wrong意思应为“练习自我同情的人们能够处理他们的后悔，看到什么地方出现了问题”。故划线单词意思应和approach一致，意为“处理”，故A选项正确。
27．细节理解题。由第四段的The self-esteem group was asked to respond by “talking to yourself about this regret from the aspect of confirming your positive qualities”可知，该组人被要求从肯定自己好的品质这个角度来和自己谈一谈自己的后悔。由此可知，他们被要求用积极的态度来对待自己后悔的事。故D选项正确。
28．推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的In other words, focusing on your best qualities is not what helps you feel better about a regret. Rather, being compassionate toward yourself is what may
21
make a difference, the researchers found可知，该研究最终发现，专注于你的好品质并不能帮助你感觉更好。相反的，自我同情才可以发挥作用，使你感觉更好。由此可以推知，在试验中，参与者被要求关注自己的好品质，其目的是想使他们感觉好点。D选项正确。
29.B细节题
30．推理判断题。由最后一段可知，这些乳癌患者被要求在治疗开始之前就从积极的角度来考虑治疗。这样做的病人后来的确报告感觉好多了。由此可以推知，当你在心理上接受某种事物时，你对它的感觉确实要好很多，更容易接受它。这体现了接受的作用。故B选项正确。
D篇31-35 ABBCA
31．A
32.推理判断题。由文章第一段引出话题，第二段“For example, the news media loves to create drama, and one of their favorite methods is to elicit(引起) fear: fear of other people, fear of the weather, fear of the economy, etc.例如，新闻媒体喜欢制造戏剧，他们最喜欢的方法之一就是引发恐惧：对他人的恐惧、对天气的恐惧、对经济的恐惧等等。”是第一个例子，第三段“. Just like the TV news, they show you only what they want you to see and it is perceived as reality.就像电视新闻一样，他们只向你展示他们想让你看到的东西，这些东西被认为是真实的。”是第二个例子，由此判断出作者是通过举例子来呈现观点的。故选B项。
33．推理判断题。由文章第二段“The news media tells us how to perceive the world—and if a person takes the newscasters at their word, they perceive the world to be very dangerous and hostile.”新闻媒体告诉我们怎么去认识世界，如果一个人是新闻播报员， 那么他们认识的世界就是非常危险和有敌意的，提到关键词perceive和world。后文“To that person，the mental images and emotions suggested by other people create a version of reality that is completely different from the reality perceived by someone who does not watch the news.”对于那个人来说，被别人建议的心里的形象和情感会创造出一种事实，这种事实完全不同于没有看过新闻的人对事实的认识，提到关键词reality，由此判断出“因为如果你没有意识到，你的感知、世界观和现实都是别人创造的”这里应该放在第二段最合适。故选B项。
34．推理判断题。由划线部分后一句“It is helpful to understand how the brain takes reality and filters it to create your unique perception of reality.”这有助于理解大脑如何接受现实并过滤它，以创造你对现实的独特感知。由此判断出C选项“改变你的看法，创造一个新的现实”为本段的副标题，与下文话题一致。故选C项。
35．推理判断题。通读全文尤其是文章最后一段说到“The power of perception is immense. Choose to see more good than bad, more abundance than lack, more love than indifference and more success than struggle.” 认知的力量是巨大的，选择更多的去看到好的一面而不是坏的，看到更充实的而不是缺乏，看到更多爱而不是冷漠，看到更多成功而不是挣扎。作者最后一段告诉读者要以积极的心态看待世界，文章多用祈使句，由此判断出短文富有教育意义。故选A项。
第二节(共5小题:每小题2分， 满分10分)
【答案】36. G 37. E 38. F 39. B 40. A
本文为说明文。如果你要出国读大学，你可能会考虑如何在未来几年给自己找一个安全舒适的家。当然，宿舍总是一个好的开始。但一些大型州立大学由于宿舍数量有限，要求大三学生住在校外。文章就如何租到合适的公寓给出了几点建议。
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31. 根据上文but some large state colleges require juniors to live off campus due to the limited number of dorm rooms.（但一些大型州立大学由于宿舍数量有限，要求大三学生住在校外）下文How to find a house（如何找到一个房子）可知，G项“尽管如此，租一套公寓可以给你一些实际的生活经验”符合此处语境。故G选项正确。
32. 根据下文If you are just a freshman or don't know many people, don't hesitate to approach some upperclassmen in your classes or clubs.（如果你只是一个大一新生，或者不认识很多人，不要犹豫，在你的班级或俱乐部里找一些高年级的同学）及上文some large state colleges require juniors to live off campus（一些大型州立大学要求大三学生住在校外）可知，E项“首先，你可以问问已经住在校外的朋友”符合此处语境。故E选项正确。
33. 根据上文In addition, Facebook groups can also provide some useful information.（此外，Facebook群组还可以提供一些有用的信息）可知，F项“然而，如果你通过互联网与陌生人联系，一定要小心” 符合此处语境。故F选项正确。
34. 根据本段主旨Roommates（室友）可知，B项“找室友的时候”符合此处语境，意为“在找室友的时候，绝对不要谎报你的喜好、时间表或习惯，即使谈论这些会让你感到不舒服”。故B选项正确。
根据下文Constantly running into conflicts with your quiet roommate is definitely the last thing you want.（和安静的室友经常发生冲突绝对是你最不想看到的事情）可知，此处指“如果你是聚会迷，请大家开诚布公，把问题摆到桌面上谈清楚”，由此可知，A项“如果你是聚会迷”符合此处语境。故A选项正确。
第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题:每小题1.5分，满分30分)
41-45．B D A CA 46-50．C B D B A
51-55 B A C D D 56-60 C C B A D
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者从那些准备迁徙的火烈鸟先行者身上认识到少数人也可以产生大影响，最终会带领大多数人行动起来解决我们与环境被破坏有关的大问题。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：棕色云;野生动物灭绝;被污染的水，这些问题看起来都很严重。A. protection保护；B. extinction灭绝；C. migration迁移；D. separation分离。此处与Brown clouds和polluted water并列是三个严重的问题，指的是野生动物灭绝，故B项正确。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. questions提问；B. costs花销；C. examples例子；D. problems问题。根据第一句中的“problems”可知，这些问题看起来都很严重，故D项正确。
43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们步行去不需要开车去的地方。A. drive开车；B. run跑；C. cycle骑自行车；D. stand站。根据本空前的“We walk where we don’t have to”可知，我们步行去不需要开车去的地方，故A项正确。
44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些美丽的鸟聚集成上千只甚至更多的大群。A. tiny微小的；B. different不同的；C. huge 巨大的；D. similar相似的。根据空后的“groups of a thousand or more.”可知，一个鸟群有很多只火烈鸟，规模非常大，故C项正确。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每年，当迁徙的时候，一些火烈鸟会从湖中起飞。A. comes到来；B. passes经过；C. varies不同；D. moves移动。the time comes for...表示“到……的时候了”，故A项正确。
46
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．考查代词词义辨析。句意：然而，其他的火烈鸟好像并没注意到，于是这一小群火烈鸟又飞回到湖面上。A. all所有；B. any任何；C. none一个也没有、没有人；D. most大多数。根据空后的“so the tiny group returns.”可知，其他的火烈鸟中没有人注意到，于是这一小群火烈鸟又飞回到湖面上，故C项正确。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：可是第二天，这些少数的先行者会继续尝试起飞（准备迁徙）。A. gather聚集；B. attempt尝试；C. sing唱歌；D. appear出现。根据空后的“This time a few more struggle along with them”可知，第二天，这些少数的先行者会继续尝试起飞（准备迁徙），故B项正确。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一次又有一些与它们一起起飞，但绝大多数仍然不理会，所以这些先行者又回来了。A. attract吸引；B. require要求；C. escape避开；D. pay给予。pay no attention to表示“不理会”，故D项正确。
49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种趋势（尝试）要持续好多天。A. plan计划；B. trend趋势；C. activity活动；D. movement运动。此处指火烈鸟起飞准备迁徙的尝试，故B项正确。
50．考查连词词义辨析。句意：由于成千上万的火烈鸟仍然没有注意到，大迁移计划再次被推迟。A. since既然、由于；B. though尽管；C. unless除非；D. while而。成千上万的火烈鸟仍然没有注意到是大迁移计划再次被推迟的原因，故A项正确。
51．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. responsibility责任；B. notice注意；C. chance机会；D. measure措施。take no notice与上文pay no attention to意思相近，表示“没注意到”，故B项正确。
52．考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. put off推迟；B. cut off切断；C. carried out实施；D. worked out算出。根据上文先行者又飞回来可知，迁徙计划被推迟了，故A项正确。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但有一天，事情发生了变化。A. approaches靠近；B. works起作用；C. changes改变；D. disappears消失。根据空后的“The same small group of birds takes wing and a tiny number more join in, ”可知，情况发生了改变，又有一些火烈鸟加入，故C项正确。
54．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这一次，它们的总数虽然仍然很小，但足以打破平衡。A. significant重大的；B. reasonable合理的；C. adequate充足的；D. small小的。根据空前的“though”及空后的“is enough to tip the balance.”可知，尽管总数仍然很小，但足以打破平衡，故D项正确。
55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个整体，整个群体飞了起来开始迁徙。A. continues继续；B. delays耽搁；C. finishes完成；D. begins开始。经过多次尝试后，大迁徙终于开始了，故D项正确。
56．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：成千上万只火烈鸟同时飞上天空，是多么壮观的景象啊！A. familiar熟悉的；B. strange奇怪的；C. magnificent壮丽的、宏伟的；D. unrealistic不切实际的。根据空后的“thousands of flamingos taking to the sky at once!”可知，成千上万只火烈鸟同时飞上天空，场面一定非常壮观，故C项正确。
57．考查名词词义辨析。句意：少数人也可以产生大影响（改变世界）。A. point要点；B. decision决定；C. difference不同；D. mistake错误。make a difference表示“有意义、有影响”，故C项正确。
58．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：诚然，世界上所有的重大问题都是通过少数人的不懈努力而得到解决的。A. useless无用的；B. tireless孜孜不倦的；C. extra额外的；D. special特别的。根据上文可知，正是因为那些少数先行者一次又一次的尝试，最后火烈鸟大军才成功迁徙，故B项正确。
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59．考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果你想从事一项事业，就不要放弃。A. give up放弃；B. give in屈服；C. give away泄露；D. give out分发。从那些火烈鸟先行者的身上我们学到的是永不放弃的精神，故A项正确。
60．考查动词词义辨析。句意：总有一天，其他人会注意到，我们将一起解决我们最大的问题。A. identify识别；B. understand理解；C. predict预言；D. address解决。根据第一段提到的那些与环境被破坏有关的问题可知此处指我们将一起解决我们最大的问题，故D项正确。
第二节（共10个小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
61．Who 62．drinks 63．to have 64．than 65．directly
66．is reduced 67．to 68．being 69．activity 70．an
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究发现健康的体重和饮食，定期锻炼，不吸烟以及适度饮酒都能降低女性生肥胖孩子的几率。
61．考查定语从句。句意：专家称，一个体重正常、经常锻炼、饮食健康、不吸烟、适量饮酒的母亲生出肥胖孩子的可能性要小得多。此处为非限定性定语从句，先行词为mother，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，故填who。
62．考查主谓一致和时态。句意参考上题解析。此处与has，exercises和eats等作并列谓语，时态为一般现在时，应该用第三人称单数形式，故填drinks。
63．考查不定式。句意参考第1题解析。be likely to do表示“可能做某事”，故填to have。
64．考查介词。句意：研究表明，这可能更多地与后天因素有关，而不是先天因素，因为母亲的生活方式似乎与孩子的健康直接相关。根据前面的“more”判断此处用than表示比较，故填than。
65．考查副词。句意参考上题解析。修饰linked用副词，故填directly。
66．考查时态和语态。句意：这项对24,000名儿童进行的研究发现，当母亲和孩子都遵循健康的生活方式时，肥胖的风险甚至会降低更多。描述的是客观事实，he risk of obesity与reduce之间是被动关系，应该用一般现在时的被动语态，故填is reduced。
67．考查介词。这项研究调查了美国近17,000名妇女所生的24,000多名9到14岁的儿童的病史和生活方式。from…to…表示“从……到”，故填to。
68．考查分词作定语。句意：研究人员研究了母亲的整体健康状况与孩子肥胖的可能性之间的关系。child是逻辑主语，空格处作介词of的宾语用动名词，故填being。
69．考查名词。句意：母亲的健康状况由身高体重比、饮食、运动量、吸烟情况和饮酒量等因素决定。此处的运动表示抽象意义，不可数，故填activity。
70．考查冠词。句意：健康的体重和饮食，定期锻炼，不吸烟以及适度饮酒都能降低女性生一个肥胖孩子的几率。此处泛指一个肥胖的孩子，obese以元音音素开头，故填an。
第四部分写作 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
71．Dear Van,
I’m delighted to know that you are going back to your homeland during this summer holidays and that you want to bring some gifts for your mother, which symbolize Chinese culture.
From my point of view, you can buy the following present. First, I think Chi-pao, a beautiful traditional dress for Chinese women, can show the real beauty of a woman. And I’m sure your mother will like it very much. In addition, the Chinese knot is also a nice souvenir, which is usually hung in the sitting room as a beautiful decoration. It is a symbol of good luck. I do hope it will bring your family good luck and happiness.
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Have a good holiday and give my best regards to your family!
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
72．With a giant tear in her eye, the little girl looked up at him. She managed a forced smile, murmuring “Thank you, anyway” and turned toward the doorway. Suddenly Pappy thought of his estranged daughter. Feeling a lump in his throat, Pappy called out, “How much have you got to spend, Missy?” At this, the little girl emptied her purse onto the counter — two dollars. After a quick struggle in his mind, Pappy said, “Today is Christmas Day and this is your lucky day. The bell costs exactly two dollars.” Holding the special bell close to her chest, the child danced out.
Later that evening when Pappy was closing up the shop, he heard a familiar ringing. He couldn’t believe his ears! There in the doorway stood the little girl, ringing the bell and smiling sweetly. Puzzled, Pappy approached her. “Have you changed your mind, little lady?” “No,” the child grinned, “Momma says the present is for you.” Before Pappy had time to say another word, the child’s mother stepped in. Holding back her tears, she gently said, “Hello, Dad.”
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