河南省2020年高三英语模拟试题及答案(一) 12页

- 1 - 河南省 2020 年高考英语模拟试题及答案（一） （试卷满分 150 分，考试时间 120 分钟） 考生注意事项： 1.答卷前，着生务必将自已的姓名、准考证号填写在答題卡上。 2.回蓉选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答題卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改 动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷 上无效。 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分 30 分)（略） 第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分 40 分) 第一节 (共 15 小题 ;每小题 2 分，满分 30 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、 BC 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A With its snow-covered mountains and a variety of wildlife, Yellow Stone National Park is one of the scenic treasures of the United States. Located primarily in Wyoming, the park hosts millions of visitors every year. If you plan to travel within the park, keep in mind advice from the National Park Service. Seasonal Travel Travel varies vastly from season to season. Roads are generally open in the summer except for cases of rock or mud slides, wild fires, accidents or road construction. Early snows in the fall can cause some roads to close temporarily. In the winter almost all roads are closed to motor vehicles, but snowmobiles and other snow vehicles with tracks are allowed. Roads begin to open for the spring by the latter part of April but can close if snowfall continues. Driving Time Grand Loop is the main road through Yellowstone National Park; it passes by most of the major attractions. These include Old Faithful, Yellowstone Lake and the Grand Canyon of Yellowstone. The maximum speed limit on the Grand Loop is 45 miles per hour, but the speed limit drops during some of the winding and twisting sections of this narrow road. Allow yourself at least two days to fully travel the loop due to the size of the park and being sometimes stuck in heavy traffic. Safety Awareness Buffalo( 水牛 )often block the roads in the park as they move through the fields. If a group is traveling - 2 - across the road you are on , you can either wait for them to pass or find an alternative route. If you get out of your vehicle, the National Park Service says to stay at least 25 yards from any buffalo (and 100 yards or more away from bears and wolves). Buffalo are particularly unpredictable and charge people at speeds up to 30 mph. You can take your bicycle on any public roads and routes designed for bikes, but bicycles are not allowed on the park roads which are narrow with few shoulders. Altitudes range from 5, 300 to 8, 860 feet. The National Park Service recommends cyclists wear helmets and noticeable clothing. 1. What do we know about travelling in the Yellowstone Park? A. Roads will stay open in case of emergency. B. Traffic jam happens from time to time. C. The driving speed on the road can be 50 mph. D. Motor vehicles are allowed in the winter. 2. What does the National Park Service suggest people do about safety? A. Stay inside the car throughout the travel. B. Get out of their vehicles when coming across the Buffalo. C. Wear the easy-to-see clothes while bicycling. D. Avoid bicycling on the public roads. 3. From which is the text probably taken? A. A guidebook. B. A commercial advertisement. C. A research paper. D. A geography textbook. B Most adults firmly believe that as kids reach their teens, they start to take crazy risks that get them in trouble. Do teenagers simply love taking all risks much more than adults? A recent study suggests otherwise. Scientists designed a simple experiment involving 33 teenagers and three other age groups. In the experiment, the researchers tried to distinguish between two very different kinds of risk-taking. The first they called a willingness to take known risks (when the probability of winning is clear) and the second they called a willingness to take unknown risks (when the possibility of success is uncertain). The study offered participants the opportunity to play two kinds of games. They had the chance to win - 3 - money, with one game offering a known risk and the other offering an unknown risk. On each round of the game, each participant had to choose between taking a sure $5 and known or unknown risks of winning a lot more. If on one particular round they had picked the $5 for sure choice, then they got $ 5. But if on that round they had chosen to take a risk, the rules of the game will determine whether or not they had won. If they did win, they went home with between $8 and $125. And, of course, if they lost, they went home with nothing. What the scientists found was really quite surprising. It turned out that the average teenager was very hesitant when risks were known —more careful than college students or parents-aged adults, and about as careful as grandparent-aged adults. This means that when the risks were known, teenagers were not risky in their behavior at all. Only when the risks were unclear did teenagers choose them more often than other groups. Under those kinds of conditions, they were much more willing to take a risk than any other group. So, what does all of this mean? The research suggests that adults should probably focus more energy on trying to educate teenagers about risks than limiting them. Teenagers who understand the risks associated with a decision are more likely to be careful in their behavior. 4. This experiment was carried out by A. dividing the teens into three groups B. comparing the reactions to different risks C. giving equal amount of awards to the participants D. observing the emotional changes of the teenager 5. When facing known risks, teenagers tended to be ________. A. ambits B. cautious C. anxious D. curious 6. Which group in the study were more likely to take unknown risks? A. Teenagers. B. College students. C. Parent-aged adults. D. Grandparent-aged adults. 7. According to the study, parents should focus on ________. A. guaranteeing children to be careful B. setting age limits on dangerous activities C. respecting teens to make their own choices D. guiding teens to learn more about the effect of risks - 4 - C Trees, some of the tallest in the world, towered above Hannah Griffiths and her colleagues each morning as they walked deep into the rainforest in the Maliau Basin in Borneo, where they had set up a set of experiments to look at the ecological effects of small creatures: termites ( 白蚁 ). Termites get a bum rap. They make headlines for chewing up billions of dollars of property each year in the U. S. And they are responsible for something like two percent of global carbon emissions, simply as a result of their huge populations and preference for chewing through carbonrich materials. A whole industry is aiming at killing them. But they play a key role in many natural ecosystems. Scientists have known for years that in tropical (热带的 ) forests, termites chew up fallen leaves and dead wood, keeping the fallen material under control and letting nutrients from the dead material back into the system to be used by other plants, insects, and animals. But they didn ’ t know exactly how important the insects were in keeping the forest healthy and functional, so they removed termites from a particular spot in the forest and saw how it responded. As luck would have it, Hannah Griffiths and her colleagues started their experiment when the forest was hit by an extreme drought ( 干旱 ). During the non- drought years, they saw there wasn ’ t much difference between the normal plots and the ones where they ’ d removed the termites. But during the drought, the effects were marked. What they found was unexpected: in the termite-rich areas, the soil stayed slightly wet, more tree seedlings sprouted ( 抽芽 ), and the system was full of activity despite the long, hard dry spell. For Griffiths, it was only because they happened to study the drought that they could pick out the real importance of termi tes to the system, she points out. “ And that rings alarm bells in my head, ” she says, “ because it makes me think, well what else don ’ t we know? If we start damaging biological communities, we don ’ t know what that will do. ” 8. Which of the following best ex plains “ a bum rap ” underlined in Paragraph 2? A. Unfair blame. B. Wide popularity. C. Public attention. D. Special preference. 9. What have scientists learned about termites? A. They do serious harm to tropical rainforests. B. They contribute a lot to the ecosystem they live in. C. They act as food for other plants, insects and animals. - 5 - D. They speed up the loss of nutrition in the rainforest. 10. What can we infer from the finding of Griffiths experiment? A. Termites help rainforests survive climate change. B. Termites prefer drought years to non-drought ones. C. Termites benefit more from the forest during the drought. D. Termites enjoy eating tree seedlings during the drought. 11. What does Griffiths tell us in the last paragraph? A. Termites are now in danger of extinction. B. Termites damage biological communities. C. We should think twice before damaging a species. D. We should study the drought to improve the system. D If humans pump enough carbon dioxide (CO 2) into the atmosphere, the stratocumulus clouds( 层积云 ) could disappear, and the earth's temperature could climb sharply to heights not predicted in current climate models. It would burn the planet. That's the conclusion of a paper published in the journal Nature Geoscience and described in detail by Natalie Wolchover for Quanta Magazine. As Wolchover explained, clouds have long been one of the great uncertainties of climate models. Computer models that easily capture the complexity and detail of most climate systems just aren't powerful enough to predict worldwide changes in cloud behavior. But clouds are important. They reflect sunlight away from the earth's surface. And stratocumulus clouds are those white blankets you might have seen as you looked out the window of arm airplane, rolling out below you and hiding the ground Researchers suspect that certain sudden, past jumps in temperature may have been caused by changes to clouds like these. For the new research, scientists modeled just a small patch of sky using a supercomputer. They found that if carbon dioxide levels reach about 1, 200 parts per million(ppm) in the atmosphere, stratocumulus clouds break up. That's a very high carbon dioxide concentration. Right now, levels have climbed past 410 ppm--a dangerous change from 280 ppm before the Industrial Revolution. But humans put more and more CO 2 into the atmosphere every year. If current trends continue, the earth could reach 1, 200 ppm within 100 to 150 years. This could happen if our society doesn't follow through on any of its commitments to reduce emissions( 排放 ), Wolchover reported. And even if it does, the - 6 - result would be another 8 degrees Celsius of heat added to the global average, on top of the dangerous changes already underway due to greenhouse gases. That ’ s an enormous change, and it goes beyond predictions of worldwide ice melt and catastrophic sea level rise. And, once the stratocumulus clouds are gone, Wolchover reported, they likely wouldn't reappear until atmospheric carbon dioxide levels dropped below where they are currently. There's still some uncertainty in the data. The 1, 200 ppm figure could change as scientists look into the issue further. 12. What can we learn from paragraph 2? A. Most climate systems are not complex. B. Cloud behavior is uncertain and hard to predict. C. Temperature changes affect the stratocumulus clouds. D. The stratocumulus clouds protect planes from sunlight. 13. How did the scientists study clouds in the new research? A. By measuring the sea level. B. By experimenting in a natural state. C. By comparing climate models. D. By computer modeling and analyzing. 14. What does "it" refer to in paragraph 4? A. The atmosphere. B. The earth. C. Our society. D. The result. 15. Which of the following statements would Wolchover most probably agree with? A. The effects of CO 2 emissions have been fully assessed. B. The stratocumulus clouds won't return if they are gone. C. The breakup of stratocumulus clouds could result in catastrophes. D. Once CO 2 level reaches 1, 200 ppm, stratocumulus clouds will go extinct. 第二节 (共 5 小题 ;每小题 2 分，满分 10 分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 There are numerous benefits of reading good books.___16___Whatever your field might be, it's very important to create a good habit to read beyond your horizons. Here are tips to help you cultivate a better and consistent reading habit: - 7 - ● Determine your reading goal.___17___This goal should be clear and backed up with a purpose. Start by thinking about how a consistent reading pattern can help you grow indifferent areas of your life-spirit, academics, career, relationships and more. ●___18___ Once you' re done setting your reading goal for the year, you'll need a list to back it up. Write out a list of the amazing books you want to read. Ask for recommendations from friends and instructors. It s important to keep a journal listing the books you'll like to read for each month. ● Get a responsible reading partner to promote your reading. Goals need to be backed up in order to help put a check and encourage you during times you don't feel motivated.___19___ To develop a reading culture, you must first analyze your current reading habits. Do you read at all?___20___ In order to truly achieve your reading goals and build a consistent reading habit, you'll need to set up simple systems， find responsible partners， and generally be hungry to grow beyond your comfort zone. A. Do you study hard at school? B. Make a list of books for each month. C. Do you start off and stop at some point? D. Get up early and go to bed late to back up your goal. E. It's important to start off by setting a goal to create a reading habit. F. Get a friend willing to read, and create a plan to help you achieve your reading goals.G . It can make you think deeper, sharpen your skills and teach you more about your field. 第三部分 语言知识运用 (共两节，满分 45 分 第一节 (共 20 小题 ;每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳 选项。 A friend was cast in The Sound of Music. Tim suggested our daughters might enjoy being a ___21___ of the musical. “ You can try out for the band, ” he said. “ No, I ’ m trying out for the show. ” I answered. But there was one problem with my ___22___: I ’ d never been in a musical. And I ’ d never sung ___23___. My daughters wanted to ___24___, so we memorized show tunes and prepared to audition ( 试镜 ). As our audition ___25___, I felt nervous and wanted to give up. But I knew ___26___ would set a bad - 8 - example. “ Whether you ’ re ___27___ or not isn ’ t important-doing your best is who ___28___ , ” I ’ d been telling them. Now I had to live it. I walked into the audition. To say I was ___29___ would be an understatement. After all, my last audition had been in high school. I sang my song, trying to look confident. My daughters did a good ___30___. Then we waited for the result. The good news is that we all ___31___ it! Not only was I cast-I was a lead! To prepare, I ___32___ to the cat, the shower and the dishes when alone, I knew I ’ d have to get over my ___33___ of performing in public. After all, this ’ d be my first time to sing in public. I was a little nervous. I told friends and family about the ___34___ . I didn ’ t want the theater to be ___35___, but I didn ’ t necessarily want it packed either. ___36___, if it were full, I preferred to fill it myself with ___37___ faces. The show was successful. Friends and acquaintances all ___38___ us. After that experience, I ___39___ more auditions and even learned to enjoy singing on stage. And I filled my life with the sound of ___40___. 21. A. director B. maker C. role D. singer 22. A. declaration B. suggestion C. judgment D. production 23. A. secretly B. loudly C. irresponsibly D. publicly 24. A. try out B. catch on C. try on D. set off 25. A. ended B. approached C. failed D. continued 26. A. lying B. quitting C. cheating D. talking 27. A. found B. paid C. cast D. forgiven 28. A. matters B. remains C. happens D. works 29. A. happy B. curious C. nervous D. disappointed 30. A. favor B. job C. deed D. survey 31. A. got B. made C. caught D. reached 32. A. spoke B. smiled C. danced D. sang 33. A. laziness B. urge C. shortcoming D. fear 34. A. show B. trouble C. band D. experience 35. A. large B. noisy C. empty D. quiet - 9 - 36. A. Besides B. Therefore C. Anyhow D. However 37. A. new B. attractive C. friendly D. similar 38. A. welcomed B. noticed C. supported D. congratulated 39. A. organize B. braved C. watched D. analyzing 40. A. music B. life C. hope D. future 第二节 (共 10 小题 ;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. Awakening of Insects ( 惊 蛰) ___41___ (fall) on Mar 6 and ends on Mar 20 this year. Awakening of Insects signals a rise in temperature and increased rain fall. As the ___42___ (three) solar term in the lunar year, ___43___ (it) name suggests the fact that animals sleeping in winter are awakened ___44___ spring thunder and that the earth begins to come back to life. It is the key time for spring agricultural ___45___ (activity). It is also a good time for people to enjoy fun outdoors, especially for people living in the city. ___46___ (drive) to the suburbs, fishing in a lake or enjoying the singing bird will make for a perfect weekend in spring. The most popular fruit in this season is pears. Eating pears around the Awakening of Insects ___47___ (be) a widely-practiced custom in China. As the weather gets ___48___ (warm) and the air becomes drier, people tend to feel their mouths and tongues are dry, ___49___ can cause colds or coughs. A pear is sweet, juicy and cold, moistening ( 湿润 ) the lungs to arrest a cough. ___50___, pears are highly recommended during the Awakening of Insects. 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分 35 分) 第一节 短文改错 (共 10 小题 ;每小题 1 分，满分 10 分) 51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号 ( ∧) ，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线 ( ＼) 划掉。 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意： 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者 ( 从第 11 处起 ) 不计分。 There are several ways improve our English writing kills, such as keeping a diary, learning some good writings with heart, doing a lot of reading, ect. As for me, I prefer keeping a diary. Comparing with other - 10 - forms of writing, keeping a diary is easier and take less time. Beside, it can help us form the habit of thinking in English. If we can keep this practice, and we will gradually learn how to express us in English. What’ s more, keeping a diary can be like talking about one of our close friend, sharing our happiness or sadness. In the word, keeping a diary is a good way of improving our written English. 第二节 书面表达 (满分 25 分) 52.假如你叫李华，在端午节到来之际，你打算邀请外教 Mike 一起体验中国文化，请根据下面的写 作提示，写一封英语邀请信。内容包括： （1）约定见面的时间、地点； （2）活动安排（看龙舟比赛，品尝粽子等） 。 注意： （1） 词数 100 左右； （2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； （3）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 参考词汇：端午节 Dragon Boat Festival ；龙舟比赛 Dragon Boat Race ；粽子 rice dumpling 。 Dear Mike, ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________ Yours, Li Hua - 11 - 参考答案 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分 30 分) （略） 第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分 40 分) 第一节 (共 15 小题 ;每小题 2 分，满分 30 分) 1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. B 6. A 7. D 8. A 9. B 10. A 11. C 12. B 13. D 14. C 15. C 第二节 (共 5 小题 ;每小题 2 分，满分 10 分) 16. G 17. E 18. B 19. F 20. C 第三部分 语言知识运用 (共两节，满分 45 分 第一节 (共 20 小题 ;每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分) 21. C 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. B 32. D 33. D 34. A 35. C 36. D 37. C 38. D 39. B 40. A 第二节 (共 10 小题 ;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分) 41. falls 42. third 43. its 44. by 45. activities 46. Driving 47. is 48. warmer 49. which 50. Therefore/Thus 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分 35 分) 第一节 短文改错 (共 10 小题 ;每小题 1 分，满分 10 分) 51. 改错依次为： （1） improve 前加 to （2） with-by （3） Comparing-Compared （ 4）take-takes （5） Beside-Besides （6）去掉 and （7） us---ourselves （8）about —with/to （9） Friend---friends （10） the-a 第二节 书面表达 (满分 25 分) 52．例文： Dear Mike, Knowing that you ’ re interested in Chinese culture, I am writing to invite you to take part in the coming celebration of the Dragon Boat Festival, in which you can have a good chance to experience some activities to memorize the famous poet in history, Qu Yuan. We can meet at the bus stop outside the school gate at 9 am on Friday morning. Then, we will go to the river to watch the Dragon Boat Race, which is supposed to be quite exciting. After that, we will go back - 12 - to my home to have lunch where you can taste rice dumplings made by my mother. You can learn how to make them in the afternoon. Please accept my invitation. Looking forward to your early reply. Yours, Li Hua