2020-2021学年高二英语外研版必修5教师用书：Module 3 Section Ⅲ　Grammar 复习动词形式 7页

www.ks5u.com 复习动词形式 语 境 自 主 领 悟 先观察原句 后自主感悟 ‎1.I don't want to board a sinking ship.‎ ‎2.When he heard that，the frightened man on the floor started crying.‎ ‎3.But I persuaded him to help me，and we found the men's boat tied to the other side of the steamboat.‎ ‎4.We stayed inside the shelter we had built and let the raft sail down the river.‎ ‎5.We climbed quietly in and as we paddled away we heard the two men shouting.‎ ‎6.But although I was frightened，I also felt very curious，so I put my head round the door.‎ ‎1.句1用动词不定式作宾语。‎ ‎2.句2用过去分词作前置定语，动词ing形式作宾语。‎ ‎3.句3和句4都用了动词不定式作宾补，但句4的不定式省略了to。‎ ‎4.句5用了动词ing形式作宾补。‎ ‎5.句6用了过去分词作表语，另一个黑体词felt为系动词，两个黑体词都构成了系表结构。‎ Ⅰ.非谓语动词 一、动词不定式和动词ing形式作宾语 ‎1．常跟不定式作宾语的动词有：afford，hope，wish，decide，offer，plan，learn，pretend，refuse，manage，help，agree，promise，prefer等。‎ She pretended not to see me when I came in.‎ 当我进来时，她假装没有看见我。‎ ‎2．常跟动词ing形式作宾语的有admit，appreciate，avoid，consider，delay，escape，excuse，imagine，mind，risk，suggest，be used to，give up，feel like，look forward to，get down to等。‎ The doctor suggested him giving up smoking.‎ 医生建议他戒烟。‎ ‎[名师点津]　‎ 不定式或动词ing形式作某些动词的宾语时，如果其后跟宾语补足语，这时常用it作形式宾语，而把不定式或动词ing形式后置。‎ The teacher found it difficult to ban students from carrying mobile phones.‎ 老师发现禁止学生带手机很难。‎ He feels it no use telling her about it.‎ 他觉得告诉她这件事是徒劳无益的。‎ ‎3．有些动词(短语)后既可接不定式作宾语，也可接动词ing形式作宾语，但在意义上有很大差异。‎ What a poor memory！I forgot borrowing money from him yesterday.But today I forgot to return the money to him.多么差的记忆力！昨天我忘了向他借过钱，但今天我又忘了把钱还给他。‎ ‎—That would mean wasting a lot of labor.‎ 那将意味着浪费很多劳动力。‎ ‎—Really? I don't mean to waste any labor.‎ 真的吗？我不打算浪费劳动力。‎ ‎[即时训练1]　用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎①Alice suggested taking(take) a photo together with the beautiful flowers.‎ ‎②Go on to do(do) the other exercises after you have finished this one.‎ ‎③The grass has grown so tall that it needs cutting/to be cut(cut)．‎ ‎④I enjoy doing(do) morning exercises，though it means getting(get) up early.‎ ‎⑤He couldn't afford to buy(buy) a house so he decided to rent(rent) one.‎ 二、动词不定式和动词ing形式作宾补 ‎1．常跟不定式作宾补的动词有：advise，allow，ask，cause，encourage，expect，forbid，force，invite，permit，persuade，tell，want，warn，wish等。‎ The teacher encouraged us to write a composition every week.‎ 老师鼓励我们每周写一篇作文。‎ ‎2．感官动词和使役动词后面作宾补的不定式不带to，但变为被动语态，作主补的不定式需带to。常见的词有：一感觉：feel；二听：listen to，hear；三使：let，have，make；五看：look at；see，watch，notice，observe等。另外，help后作宾补的不定式符号to可有可无。‎ What made you change your mind?‎ 什么使你改变了主意？‎ We often hear him play the violin at home.‎ ‎＝He is often heard to play the violin at home.‎ 我们经常听到他在家里拉小提琴。‎ ‎3．后接v.ing形式作宾语补足语的动词：感官动词(see，hear，watch，notice，listen to，look at)，find，get，keep，leave，catch，have等。‎ They saw the water running down from the high mountain.‎ 他们看到水从高山上流下来。‎ They had the light burning all night long.‎ 他们整夜亮着灯。‎ ‎[名师点津]　‎ 感官动词后接不定式和v.ing形式作宾补的区别：用v.ing形式作宾补时表示其动作正在进行；用不定式作宾补时表示动作已发生了，即动作全过程结束了。‎ I heard her sing an English song.‎ 刚才我听见她唱了一首英文歌。‎ I heard her singing an English song when I passed by her room yesterday.‎ 昨天经过她房间时，我听见她正在唱英文歌。‎ ‎[即时训练2]　用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎①I'm sorry to have kept you waiting(wait) for such a long time.‎ ‎②I finally persuaded my mother to give(give) me more freedom on weekends.‎ ‎③Don't forget to have Henry come(come) tonight，because the meeting is extremely important.‎ ‎④I held the little bird in my hand and felt its heart beating(beat)．‎ ‎⑤The old man was often seen to stand(stand) at the door of his house.‎ 三、v.ing形式和v.ed形式作定语、表语 ‎1．v.ing形式作定语时与它修饰的名词之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，表示动作的主动和进行；而v.ed形式作定语时与它修饰的名词之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，表示动作的被动和完成。‎ Do you know the girl dancing with your brother?‎ 你认识正和你哥哥跳舞的那个女孩子吗？‎ He is a teacher respected by all his students.‎ 他是一位受他的学生尊敬的老师。‎ ‎2．v.ing形式作表语表示主语的性质。常被译为“令人……的”；而v.ed形式作表语表示主语所处的状态或主语的感受。常被译为“感到……的”。‎ The boy was disappointing.His parents felt disappointed.‎ 这个孩子令人失望，他的父母感到很失望。‎ ‎[即时训练3]　用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎①Have you ever read any books written(write) by the famous woman writer?‎ ‎②The boy was disappointing(disappoint)．He is always making trouble in class.‎ ‎③We should think of a way to make him become interested(interest) in our plan.‎ ‎④The stone bridge，built(build) fifty years ago，is still in good condition now.‎ ‎⑤When they saw the moving(move) film，excited(excite) tears came out their eyes.‎ Ⅱ.系动词 系动词亦称连系动词(Link Verb)，本身有词义，但不能独立作谓语，必须和表语一起构成复合谓语。系动词主要分为以下六类：‎ ‎1．状态系动词：用来表示主语的状态，也叫be动词。‎ I am a student of Grade 3.我是一名三年级的学生。‎ ‎2．持续系动词：用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep，rest，remain，stay，lie，stand等。‎ He always kept silent at meetings.他开会时总保持沉默。‎ ‎3．表象系动词：用来表示“看起来”这一概念，主要有seem，appear，look等。‎ He looks tired.他看起来很累。‎ ‎4．感官系动词：感官系动词主要有feel，smell，sound，taste等。‎ This kind of cloth feels very soft.‎ 这种布手感很软。‎ ‎5．变化系动词：这些系动词表示主语变成什么样，主要有become，grow，turn，fall，get，go，come，run等。‎ The weather has turned cold and windy.‎ 天气变得寒冷多风。‎ ‎6．终止系动词：表示主语已终止动作，主要有prove，turn out等，表示“证明，证实”之意。‎ His plan proved (to be) practical.‎ 他的计划被证明是符合实际的。‎ ‎[名师点津]　‎ 系动词(be除外)一般都需要跟形容词而非副词作表语；系动词一般没有被动语态。‎ ‎[即时训练4]　完成句子 ‎①当他发现一些事情出错时，他看起来很担心。‎ When he found something went wrong，he looked very worried.‎ ‎②那个水果很不好吃，但是那个饥饿的孩子看起来好像吃得津津有味。‎ The fruit tasted terrible，but the hungry boy seemed/appeared as if he was enjoying it.‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．Once his message was delivered，he allowed me to stay (stay) and watch.‎ ‎2. But Sarah，who has taken part in shows along with top models，wants to prove (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty.‎ ‎3．I regretted to tell (tell) him that he had been laid off.To my surprise，he said to me，“I am not sad.I only regret taking (take) up the wrong job.”‎ ‎4．Your hair is so long that it needs cutting/to be cut (cut)．‎ ‎5．They won't allow using (use) mobile phones in class.‎ ‎6．He thinks it no use arguing (argue) with Tom，because he will never change his mind.‎ ‎7．I hugged the shy little boy and felt his heart beating (beat)．‎ ‎8．Why do you have the water running (run) all the time?‎ ‎9．Is there anything you want from town? I'm going to get my son to drive (drive) me there.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)‎ ‎1．The frightening children were calling for their mothers.frightening→frightened ‎2．Mary couldn't speak Chinese，but I made myself understand with difficulty.understand→understood ‎3．Books writing in easy English are very popular among Chinese middle school students.writing→written ‎4．She was brought up in a big family，so she had been used to share what she had with others.share→sharing ‎5．Entering the room，I found Mary seating at the desk and writing a letter.seating→seated Ⅲ.完成句子 ‎1．不允许游客在天黑后进入公园。‎ Visitors are not permitted to enter the park after dark.(permit)‎ ‎2．那个怒气冲冲的人看起来疯了。‎ The angry man looks mad.‎(look)‎ ‎3．没有向我们打招呼他就从我们旁边过去了。‎ He passed by us without greeting us.(without)‎ ‎4．她想象着走上台领奖。‎ She imagined walking on the stage to receive a prize.(imagine)‎ ‎5．由于经理不在，我们决定推迟会议。‎ We decided to put off the meeting because of the absence of the manager.(decide)‎