专题13交际用语（教学案）-2019年高考英语热点题型和提分秘籍 15页

‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 情景交际是用来评价学生交际能力的常考内容之一，从近三年的高考试题来看，这一题型的设计涉及日常生活中的各方面，如问候、介绍、告别、感谢、道歉、请求、祝愿、提供帮助等。考查最多的是：①道歉与应答；②建议与应答；③请求允许及应答。交际语言就是在不同的时间、不同的场合，面对不同的人所说的不同的话。也就是说，要学好交际语言，我们就必须要因人、因地、因时而异，所以语言环境、说话对象所隐含着的文化思维是约定俗成的，必须在长期的语言实践中，去熟悉、去感悟，千万不能将汉语的模式强加给英语，在测试中，这一点往往是我们中学生最大的误区。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 热点题型一 常考的交际用语 例1、【2018·天津】—I'm moving in a few days and I wonder if you could help.‎ ‎—___________. Just let me know when， and I'll be there.‎ A. You bet B. It depends C. Forget it D. No kidding ‎【答案】A ‎ ‎ ‎【变式探究】[2017·江苏卷] —What does the stuff on your Tshirt mean?‎ ‎—It's nothing. Just something ________．‎ A．as clear as day ‎ B．off the top of my head ‎ C．under my nose ‎ D． beyond my wildest dreams ‎【答案】B 【解析】off the top of one’s head不假思索地，即兴地，符合语境，符合句意；as clear as day一清二楚的；under one’s nose在某人鼻子底下，公然；beyond one’s wildest dreams超越梦想。句意：——你T恤上的东西是什么意思？——没什么。不过是即兴而为的东西。‎ ‎【提分秘籍】‎ ‎1．It/That (all) depends.那得视情况而定。‎ ‎2．Forget it.没关系(回答道歉)；休想(表示拒绝)；别提了。‎ ‎3．How come？怎么会？为什么？‎ ‎4．Never mind.没关系；别担心。‎ ‎5．It’s up to you.由你决定。‎ ‎6．I can’t agree more.我非常赞同。‎ ‎7．Not exactly/really.不很；不完全是；一点也不。‎ ‎8．So what？那又怎么样？‎ ‎9．Go ahead.用吧，使吧。‎ ‎—The Tshirt I received is not the same as is shown online.‎ ‎—________？But I promise you we’ll look into it right away. ‎ A．Who says B．How come C．What for D．Why worry 答案 B ‎ ‎ ‎ 热点题型二 区分两对相似的交际用语 例2、—Are you sure you won’t come for a drink with us?‎ ‎—________，if you insist. ‎ A．Not at all B．It depends C．All right then D．I don’t care 答案 C 解析 句意为：——你确定不和我们一起去喝一杯吗？——如果你坚持的话，那么好吧！Not at all一点也不，别客气；It depends看情况而定；All right then那么好吧；I don’t care我不在乎。‎ ‎【提分秘籍】 ‎ ‎1．With pleasure相当于I’m glad to表示“非常乐意”，用于应答别人的求助。My pleasure“不用谢”，用于应答别人的感谢。‎ ‎2．All right表示“好吧”，用于表示同意别人的提议；It’s/That’s all right表示“不用谢”或“没关系”，用于应答别人的感谢或道歉；That’s right表示“你说得对”。‎ ‎【举一反三】 ‎ ‎—Thank you for the flowers.‎ ‎—________.I thought they might cheer you up. ‎ A．That’s right B．All right C．I’m all right D．It’s all right 答案 D ‎ ‎ ‎ 热点题型三 接受请求或邀请的应答语 ‎[2017·江苏卷] —Going to watch the Women's Volleyball Match on Wednesday?‎ ‎—________！Will you go with me?‎ A．You there B．You bet ‎ C．You got me D．You know better ‎ ‎【答案】B 【解析】考查情景交际。You bet“当然，肯定地”，符合句意。You there说你呢；You got me你难住我了；You know better你更清楚。句意：“星期三去看女子排球比赛吗？”“当然！你能同我一起去吗？”‎ ‎【提分秘籍】 ‎ ‎1．接受请求或邀请的应答用语有：With pleasure；I’d be happy/glad to；I’d love to；No problem；Good idea；That would be nice；By all means等。‎ ‎2．拒绝请求和邀请的应答用语有：Sorry，but...I’d rather you...；Thank you，but...；I’d love to，but I’m afraid I have no time；It’s very nice of you，but my mother is ill等。‎ ‎【举一反三】 ‎ ‎—Shall we go for a drink at one o’clock this afternoon?‎ ‎—________.Will two o’clock be OK？ ‎ A．Sure，it’s up to you B．Sure，no problem C．Sorry，I can’t make it D．Sorry，I’m not available today 答案 C 解析 句意为：——我们今天下午一点去喝杯怎么样？——抱歉，我办不到。两点好吗？A项“当然，由你决定”；B项“当然，没问题”；C项“抱歉，我办不到”；D项“抱歉，我今天没时间”。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎1.【2018·天津】—I'm moving in a few days and I wonder if you could help.‎ ‎—___________. Just let me know when， and I'll be there.‎ A. You bet B. It depends C. Forget it D. No kidding ‎【答案】A ‎ ‎ ‎2.【2018·天津】—Wasn't Joan supposed to be here by now?‎ 一She will be here in about twenty minutes.z.x.xk A. All right B. Don't worry C. No wonder D. Enjoy yourself ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查交际用语。句意：——琼现在不是应该在这儿吗？——不用担心，在大约20分钟内她将会到这儿的。A. all right好，行；B. Don’t worry别担心；C. No wonder难怪；D. Enjoy yourself玩得开心。根据答句中的She will be there in about twenty minutes.可以判断：不需要担心琼，她一会儿就到。故选B。‎ ‎3.【2018·江苏】—What happened? Your boss seems to _______‎ ‎—Didn’t you know his secretary leaked the secret report to the press?‎ A. be over the moon B. laugh his head off C. be all ears D. fly off the handle ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查习惯用语。句意：——发生什么了？你老板看起来勃然大怒。——你难道不知道他的秘书把秘密报告泄露给新闻界了吗？A. be over the moon非常高兴；B. laugh his head off笑的要死；C. be all ears洗耳恭听；D. fly off the handle勃然大怒。故选D。‎ ‎4.【2018·江苏】—You know what? I’ve got a New Year concert ticket ‎—Oh， _______ You’re kidding.‎ A. so what? B. go ahead.‎ C. come on. D. what for?‎ ‎【答案】C ‎ ‎ ‎1． [2017·江苏卷] —What does the stuff on your Tshirt mean?‎ ‎—It's nothing. Just something ________．‎ A．as clear as day ‎ B．off the top of my head ‎ C．under my nose ‎ D． beyond my wildest dreams ‎【答案】B 【解析】off the top of one’s head不假思索地，即兴地，符合语境，符合句意；as clear as day一清二楚的；under one’s nose在某人鼻子底下，公然；beyond one’s wildest dreams超越梦想。句意：——你T恤上的东西是什么意思？——没什么。不过是即兴而为的东西。‎ ‎2． [2017·江苏卷] —Going to watch the Women's Volleyball Match on Wednesday?‎ ‎—________！Will you go with me?‎ A．You there B．You bet ‎ C．You got me D．You know better ‎ ‎【答案】B 【解析】考查情景交际。You bet“当然，肯定地”，符合句意。You there说你呢；You got me你难住我了；You know better你更清楚。句意：“星期三去看女子排球比赛吗？”“当然！你能同我一起去吗？”‎ ‎3． [2017·天津卷] —Albert's birthday is on next Saturday, and I'm planning a surprise party for him ‎ ‎—________. I'll bring some wine.‎ A．Sounds like fun B．It depends C．Just a minute D．You are welcome ‎【答案】A 【解析】考查情景交际。根据回答“I'll bring some wine.”可知对方比较感兴趣，故选A。Sounds(like)fun.意为“听起来有趣。”It depends.视情况而定。Just a minute.请稍等。You are welcome.不客气。句意：“艾伯特在下周六过生日，我正筹划一个聚会，要给他一个惊喜。”“听起来有趣(Sounds like fun.)。我会带一些酒来。”‎ ‎4． [2017·天津卷] —Michael was late for Mr Smith's chemistry class this morning.‎ ‎—________？ As far as I know, he never came late to class. ‎ A．So what B．Why not ‎ C．Who cares D．How come ‎ ‎ 【答案】D ‎【解析】句意：—今天上午迈克尔在斯密斯老师的化学课迟到了。—怎么会呢？据我所知，他上课从不迟到。A.那又怎么样呢；B.为什么不呢；C谁在意呢；D.怎么会呢。根据语境，故选D。‎ ‎1.【2016·天津】1. ---It was a wonderful trip. So, which city did you like better, Paris or Rome?‎ ‎ ---______. There were good things and bad things about them.‎ ‎ A. It’s hard to say B. I didn’t get it ‎ C. You must be kidding D. Couldn’t be better ‎【答案】A ‎ ‎ ‎2.【2016·浙江】1. --Are you sure you're ready for the best?‎ ‎ --_________. I'm well prepared for it.‎ A. I'm afraid not B. No problem C. Hard to say D. Not really ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意：—你确定你准备好考试了吗？—没问题。我已经做好准备了。A.恐怕不；B.没问题；C.很难说；D.不是真的。根据语境，故选B。‎ ‎1.【2015·重庆】15. —Hello Jenny, can I see Ms. Lewis?‎ ‎ —____. I’ll tell you’re here.‎ A. With pleasure B. Never mind C. You’re welcome D. Just a minute ‎【答案】D ‎ ‎【解析】句意：你好，简妮，我能找一下路易斯女士吗？请稍等，我给你叫她。根据语境可知这是在打电话，故选D项。 ‎ ‎2.【2015·重庆】5. —I can drive you home.‎ ‎—____ , but are you sure it’s not too much trouble?‎ A. That would be great B. Don’t bother ‎ C. I’m afraid not D. Take care ‎【答案】A ‎ ‎【解析】句意：我载你回家。太好了，但你确定没给添麻烦吗？根据are you sure it’s not too much trouble?可知表示同意，故选A项。‎ ‎3.【2015·浙江】1. ——Hi, John. Are you busy?‎ ‎—— ‎ ‎ A. Yes.I do agree. B. Yes.That would be nice.‎ ‎ C. No.Are you sure? D. No.What’s up?‎ ‎【答案】D ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎4.【2015·天津】1. —Sorry, Liz. I think I was a bit rude to you. ‎ ‎—______, but don’t do that again! ‎ A. Go ahead B. Forget it C. It depends D. With pleasure ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意:——对不起，Liz。我想刚才我对你有点粗鲁。——算了吧，不过不要再那样做了。A. Go ahead 好吧，行啊；B. Forget it算了吧，不必在意； C. It depends 那还得看情况了；D. With pleasure乐意效劳。根据句意可知选B。‎ ‎5.【2015·天津】4. —Jack, you seem excited. ‎ ‎—______? I won the first prize in the English speech contest.‎ A. Guess what B. So what ‎ C. Pardon me D. Who cares ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】句意：——杰克，你看起来很兴奋。——猜猜看？我在英语演讲比赛中获得第一名。A. Guess what 猜猜看；B. So what那又怎么样； C. Pardon me 请问刚才你说的什么；D. Who care谁管它呢。根据句意可知选A。‎ ‎6.【2015·安徽】21. — Can you come to a party on Saturday, Peter? ‎ ‎— Oh, ______I'm already going out, I'm afraid.‎ A. what a pity! B. don't ask! C. how come? D. so what?‎ ‎【答案】A ‎ ‎ ‎1．(2014·大纲全国卷)—I'm sorry for breaking the cup. ‎ ‎—Oh, ________. I've got plenty.(forget it, my pleasure, help yourself, pardon me)‎ ‎【答案】forget it ‎ ‎【解析】本题考查交际用语。句意：“不好意思，我打破了杯子。”“噢，没关系，我有很多呢。”forget it是道歉的应答语，意思是“没关系，别在意”，符合语境。help yourself“随便吃，别客气”。‎ ‎2．(2014·重庆卷)—Jack, I'd like to have your opinions about my written report. ‎ ‎—________. But I have one suggestion.(That's a good idea, You are too modest, It looks fine to me, You should check it first)‎ ‎【答案】It looks fine to me ‎ ‎【解析】本题考查情景交际。句意：“杰克，我想听听你关于我的书面报告的意见。”“________。但是我有个建议。”That's a good idea意为“那是个好主意”；You are too modest意为“你太谦虚了”；It looks fine to me意为“我觉得看上去不错”；You should check it first意为“你应该先检查一下”。根据But...可知设空处应该在总体上对该报告予以肯定，然后说出自己的意见。‎ ‎3．(2014·重庆卷)—Why not stay here a little longer?‎ ‎—________， but I really have to go.(Never mind, I'd love to, Pleased to meet you, I can't find any reason)‎ ‎【答案】I'd love to ‎ ‎【解析】本题考查情景交际。句意：“为什么不在这儿再多待一会儿呢？”“ ________，但是我确实得走了。”Never mind意为“不要紧，没关系”；I'd love to意为“我想(多待一段时间)”；Pleased to meet you意为“很高兴见到你”；I can't find any reason意为“我找不到任何理由”。由答语中的连词but可知，前后两个分句之间存在转折关系，but前面的分句应表达“自己愿意再待一会儿”。此题还可以通过would love to(主观上愿意)与have to(客观上不得不)之间存在的对比关系来作为解题的突破口。‎ ‎4．(2014·江苏卷)—________！Somebody has left the lab door open. ‎ ‎—Don't look at me.(Dear me/ Hi, there/ Thank goodness/ Come on)‎ ‎【答案】Dear me ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎5．(2014·福建卷)—I can't remember those grammar rules!‎ ‎—________. Practice more.(You're not alone, It's hard to say, I'm afraid not, It's up to you)‎ ‎【答案】You're not alone ‎ ‎【解析】本题考查情景交际。句意：“我记不住那些语法规则！”“________。多练习。”You're not alone. 不止你自己这样；It's hard to say. 很难说；I'm afraid not. 恐怕不行；It's up to you. 由你决定。根据答语中的关键词Practice more. 可知空格处是安慰对方“不止你自己这样(You're not alone)”。‎ ‎6．(2014·四川卷)—How about dinner tonight？It's on me. ‎ ‎—________.(You are welcome/Oh, I'd like to/Well, I'm afraid so/That's all right)‎ ‎【答案】Oh, I'd like to ‎ ‎【解析】本题考查交际用语。“今晚一起去吃饭，怎么样？我请客。”“哦，我愿意去。”You are welcome“不用谢”；Oh，I'd like to“哦，我愿意去”；Well, I'm afraid so“‎ 哦，恐怕是这样的”；That's all right“别客气，没关系”。‎ ‎7．(2014·安徽卷)—I get at least half an hour of exercise almost every day.‎ ‎—Oh great！________.(Good luck, Cheer up, Same to you, Keep it up)‎ ‎【答案】Keep it up ‎ ‎【解析】本题考查交际用语。Good luck“祝你好运”；Cheer up“振作起来，打起精神”；Same to you“你也一样”；Keep it up“坚持下去”。对方话语“I get at least half an hour of exercise almost every day”说的是自己的好习惯，回答时自然是鼓励其将该习惯坚持下去。句意：“我每天至少要锻炼半小时。”“哦，真不错！坚持下去。”‎ ‎8．(2014·安徽卷)—Reading is the best way to pass time on the train. ‎ ‎—________. I never go traveling without a book.(You are joking, That's true, I don't think so, It sounds like fun)‎ ‎【答案】That's true ‎ ‎【解析】本题考查交际用语。第二个人说的话中“I never go traveling without a book”使用的是双重否定，即为肯定，与第一个人说的话“Reading is the best way to pass time on the train”相照应，说明其对第一个人的话是赞同的。句意：“在火车上阅读是打发时间的最好方式。”“的确如此。我出行绝对不会不带书。”‎ ‎9．(2014·陕西卷)—You know, I met my girlfriend's parents for the first time only yesterday. ‎ ‎—________？I thought you'd met them before.(So what, Pardon, Really, What for)‎ ‎【答案】Really ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎10．(2014·陕西卷)—I got that job I wanted at the public library.‎ ‎—________！That's good news.(Go ahead, Cheers, Congratulations, Come on)‎ ‎【答案】Congratulations ‎ ‎【解析】本题考查情景交际。句意：“我得到了那份我想要的在公共图书馆的工作。”“________！那是个好消息。”Go ahead意为“干吧，说吧，做吧”；Cheers意为“(‎ 举杯敬酒时的常用语)干杯”；Congratulations意为“祝贺”；Come on意为“(用于命令)快，加油，加把劲；(表示知道某人所说的话不正确)得了吧”。根据That's good news. (那是个好消息。)以及I got that job I wanted at the public library. (我得到了那份我想要的在公共图书馆的工作。)可知，此处应该对其表示祝贺。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎