【英语】2019届高考英语二轮复习查缺补漏之阅读理解篇：日常生活类 16页

日常生活类 ‎1    Since I was first in China in 2012, my life, and China itself, have developed and changed a lot. My first China interaction was in 2012, when I came here with a friend. We traveled from Beijing to Hong Kong, all in 5 weeks. We had a fantastic time meeting local people, exploring beautiful places and eating delicious food. After this experience traveling across China and eating local food, I really wondered “How did I live without eating dumplings and eggplant on a weekly basis?” Well, I guess I did, somehow, for 22 years!‎ ‎    As my Chinese improved during my studies I became more independent and more aware of the possibilities of Waimai, or food home delivery. I suddenly noticed the thousands of Waimai drivers zooming across the roads on their motorcycles. On deep, dark Beijing winter days and rainy days, Waimai is like the holy grail and as I enjoyed my take - away dumplings I would think and laugh to myself, “How did I live before without being able to get Waimai?” Well, I guess I did, somehow, for 23 years!‎ ‎    In mid-2015, I was back in China again for my master's degree. That's when I came across my first Mobike: “Oh, that’s a unique bike and surely it will get stolen soon ”, I thought as I passed on my own black bike. But one week passed and I saw it still there. Then the one Mobike sighting turned into two and three, and soon thousands and then seemingly overnight the streets of Beijing were flooded with orange and yellow wheels. Again, I pondered on how I ever lived without my shared bike account. Well, I guess I did, somehow, for 25 years!‎ ‎    China today is a country still steeped in ancient knowledge and custom, yet one that is also bursting with new ideas and changes. Although some things will always stay the same, something else is constantly changing at a pace beyond comprehension. I’m sure as I continue my life here in Beijing I will be swept up in the next new convenience of life that China’s rapid development is bringing out.‎ ‎1.According to the first paragraph, what impressed the author most might be ________. A.Chinese culture B.Chinese food C.Chinese people D.Chinese history 2.The underlined words holy grail in Paragraph 2 probably ‎ means________. A.something precious B.something delicious C.something expensive D.something unavailable 3.What might be the author’s attitude towards Mobike after it boomed? A.Doubtful. B.Curious C.Shocked. D.Regretful. 4.What can be inferred from the passage? A.Chinese ancient wisdom has been replaced by new ideas. B.China is changing steadily and slowly. C.China will always stay as what it was. D.People in China will live a more convenient life in the future.‎ ‎2、      The Intelligent Transport team at Newcastle University have turned an electric car into a mobile laboratory named “DriveLAB” in order to understand the challenges faced by older drivers and to discover where the key stress points are.‎ ‎      Research shows that giving up driving is one of the key reasons for a fall in health and well-being among older people, leading to them becoming more isolated(隔绝) and inactive.‎ ‎      Led by Professor Phil Blythe, the Newcastle team are developing in-vehicle technologies for older drivers which they hope could help them to continue driving into later life.‎ ‎       These include custom-made navigation(导航) tools, night vision systems and intelligent speed adaptations. Phil Blythe explains: “For many older people, particularly those living alone or in the country, driving is important for preserving their independence, giving them the freedom to get out and about without having to rely on others.”‎ ‎      "But we all have to accept that as we get older our reactions slow down and this often results in people avoiding any potentially challenging driving conditions and losing confidence in their driving skills. The result is that people stop driving before they really need to."‎ ‎       Dr Amy Guo, the leading researcher on the older driver study, explains, "The Drive LAB is helping us to understand what the key points and difficulties are for older drivers and how we might use technology to address these problems.‎ ‎      "For example, most of us would expect older drivers always go slower than everyone else but surprisingly, we found that in 30mph zones they struggled to keep at a constant speed and so were more likely to break the speed limit and be at risk of getting fined. We’re looking at the benefits of systems which control their speed as a way of preventing that.‎ ‎       "We hope that our work will help with technological solutions(解决方案) to ensure that older drivers stay safer behind the wheel.”‎ ‎1.What is the purpose of the Drive LAB? A.To explore new means of transport. B.To design new types of cars. C.To find out older driver's problems. D.To teach people traffic rules. 2.Why is driving important for older people according to Phil Blythe? A.It keeps them independent. B.It helps them save time. C.It builds up their strength. D.It cures their mental illnesses. 3.What do researchers hope to do for older drivers? A.Improve their driving skills. B.Develop driver-assist technologles. C.Provide tips on repairing their cars. D.Organize regular physical checkups. 4.What is the best title for the text? A.A new Model Electric Car B.A Solution to Traffic Problems C.Driving Services for Elders D.Keeping Older Drivers on the Road ‎3、    At your next meeting, wait for a pause in conversation and try to measure how long it lasts.‎ ‎    Among English speakers, chances are that it will be a second or two at most. But while this pattern may be universal, our awareness of silence differs dramatically across cultures.‎ ‎    What one culture considers a confusing or awkward pause may be seen by others as a valuable moment of reflection and sign of respect for what the last speaker has said. Research in Dutch (荷兰语)and also in English found that when a silence in conversation stretches to four seconds, people start to feel uneasy. In contrast, a separate study of business meetings found that Japanese people are happy with silences of 8.2 seconds---nearly twice as long as in Americans’ meetings.‎ ‎    In Japan, it is recognized that the best communication is when you don’t speak at all. It’s already a failure to understand each other by speaking because you’re repairing that failure by using words.‎ ‎    In the US, it may originate from the history of colonial America as a crossroads of many different races. When you have a complex of difference, it’s hard to establish common understanding unless you talk and there;s understandably a kind of anxiety unless people are verbally engaged to establish a common life. this applies also to some extent to London.‎ ‎    In contract, when there’s more homogeneity, perhaps it’s easier for some kinds of silence to appear. For example, among your closest friends and family it’s easier to sit in silence than with people you’re less well acquainted with.‎ ‎1.Which of the following people might have the longest silence in conversation?‎ A.The Dutch B.Americans C.The English D.The Japanese ‎2.What might the Japanese agree with a in conversation?‎ A.Speaking more gives the upper hand B.Speak out what you have in your mind C.Great minds think alike without words D.The shorter talking silence, the better ‎3.What does the underlined word “homogeneity” in the last paragraph mean?‎ A.Similarity B.Contradiction C.Diversity D.Misunderstanding ‎4.What can we learn from the text?‎ A.A four second silence in conversation is universal B.It’s hard for American to reach a common agreement C.English speakers are more talkative than Japanese speakers D.The closer we and our family are, the easier the silence appears ‎4    It’s great fun to explore new places, and it may be like an adventure, even when you know you're not the first to have been there. But to make sure not to get lost or waste time going round in circles, the following tips may be helpful.    •Do the map reading if you’re being driven somewhere. It’ll be easier if you keep the map following the direction you’re traveling in. Keep looking ahead so that you can give the driver lots of warning before having to make a turn or you’ll have to move to the back seat.    •Get a group of friends together and go exploring. You'll need a good map, a compass, a raincoat, a cell phone to call for help in case you get lost, and a bit of spare cash for emergencies. Tell someone where you’re going before you set out and let him know what time you expect to be back. The purpose of the activity is in not getting lost, not in seeing how fast you can go, so always stick together, waiting for slower friends to catch up.    •See if your school or a club organizes orienteering(越野识途比赛)activities,in which you need a map and a compass to find your way. This can be done as a sport, with teams trying to find the way from A to B (and B to C, etc. )in the fastest time, or simply as a spare-time activity. It enables you to be familiar with the use of maps and compasses and gain some practical skills. In some way, it‘s not only good fun,but also a great way to keep fit.No matter which way you choose, it’s not only good fun, but a great way to keep fit. 1.Sitting beside the driver, you should                           . A.direct the driver when necessary B.look ahead to see where there's a gas ‎ station C.move to the back seat if feeling uncomfortable D.keep looking at the map to find another place to go to 2.Why do you need to wait for the slower friends in the exploration? A.To show them how fast you can go. B.To avoid yourself or your friends getting lost. C.To share the fun with him/her in exploration. D.To tell him/her what's going on with the group members. 3.Orienteering activities can                                           . A.make people work fast B.help people stay healthy C.help people organize other activities D.make people get prepared for sports 4.The text mainly talks about                          . A.the fun of exploration B.what to bring for exploration C.the way to use a map in exploration D.how to prevent people getting lost in exploration ‎5、    Five years ago, David Smith wore an expensive suit to work every day. “I was a clothes addict.” he jokes. “I used to carry a fresh suit to work with me so I could change if my clothes got wrinkled.” Today David wears casual clothes-khaki pants and a sports shirt—to the office. He hardly ever wears a necktie. “I am working harder than ever.” David says, “and I need to feel comfortable.”     More and more companies are allowing their office workers to wear casual clothes to work. In the United States, the change from formal to casual office wear has been gradual. In the early 1990s, many companies allowed their employees to wear casual clothes on Friday(but only on Friday).This became known as “dress-down Friday” or “casual Friday”.“What started out as an extra one-day-a-week benefit for employees has really become an everyday thing.” said business consultant Maisly Jones.     Why have so many companies started allowing their employees to wear casual clothes? One ‎ reason is that it’s easier for a company to attract new employees if it has a casual dress code.” “A lot of young people don’t want to dress up for work,” says the owner of a software company, “so it’s hard to hire people if you have a conservative(保守的)dress code.” Another reason is that people seem happier and more productive when they are wearing comfortable clothes. In a study conducted by Levi Strauss and Company, 85 percent of employers said that they believe that casual dress improves employee morale(心境,士气). Only 4 percent of employers said that casual dress has a negative influence on productivity. Supporters of casual office wear also argue that a casual dress code helps them save money. “Suits are expensive, if you have to wear one every day,” one person said. “For the same amount of money, you can buy a lot more casual clothes.” 1.David Smith refers to himself as having been "a clothes addict" because __________. A.he often wore khaki pants and a sports shirt B.he couldn’t stand a clean appearance C.he wanted his clothes to look neat all the time D.he didn’t want to spend much money on clothes 2.David Smith wears casual clothes now because _______________. A.they make him feel at ease when working B.he cannot afford to buy expensive clothes C.he looks handsome in casual clothes D.he no longer works for any company 3.In this passage, the following advantages of casual office wear are mentioned EXCEPT ________. A.saving employees’ money B.making employees more attractive C.improving employees’ motivation D.making employees happier ‎6、Lille, France ‎    This charming European town is just one hour from Paris and the most exciting art destination of the moment. The spring weather here is delightful, ideal for strolling around on the ‎ cobblestoned streets. The city government has poured money into public art projects such as Lille 3000, a group of indoor and outdoor art exhibitions, as well as a wonderful modern art museum.‎ Shanghai, China ‎    The Chinese city continues to grow rapidly, with popular restaurants and bars, world-class shopping, and five-star hotels. The weather is incredibly pleasant in May—the spring rains have passed, but the summer humidity is around the corner. And come here before the crowds decrease in June for the opening of the Shanghai Disney Resort, which is sure to be popular for families during the summer break.‎ Malta ‎    The small European island gained some major screen time recently owing to the setting for Brad Pitt and Angelina Jolie’s By the Sea( the movie was shot in Malta and its sister island, Gozo). Stay at the Corinthia Palace, a fantastic home base for touring the medieval town, beaches, ancient temples, and Maltese vineyards. The tourists really begin to decrease in June, so beat the crowds in May to get the beaches to yourself.‎ Canggu, Bali ‎    Balis beaches attract all types of sun worshippers, but surfers know to head to Canggu, a town on the island’s southwestern coast. Lately, it’s become a destination for more than its breaks, with the opening of vegetarian-focused restaurants, Australian-style cafes, and fantastic hotels like the Fri Bali Echo Beach. In May, Deus, a mixed-use space that includes a restaurant, music venue, and art gallery, hosts a major surf competition, bringing together professionals and amateurs for a fun-filled weekend.‎ ‎1.If you want to have fun with your family in Disney Resort, you had better travel to ______. A.Shanghai, China B.Malta C.Lille, France D.Canggu, Bali 2.From the passage we can know that _______. A.Lille is the most exciting art destination with the weather delightful all the year around B.The summer humidity’s arrival makes Shanghais weather in May incredibly pleasant C.More tourists go to the beaches in Malta to enjoy themselves in ‎ June D.Canggu is a good destination for surfers to live a happy weekend 3.Which column of a paper can we possibly read this passage in? A.Sports Column. B.News Column. C.Travel Column. D.Business Column.‎ ‎7、    In the past, friendships were greatly limited by time, space and attention; increasing home and workplace nubility has made them even harder to keep social relations over time. Through a combination of user controls,new technologies and changing standards of social behavior,Facebook is freeing us from these limitations, making friendships more accessible, pleasant and diverse than ever before.‎ ‎    First, Facebook allows you to find and rediscover friends and then reminds you of these connections, so that you are less likely to be out of touch with the long-lost school friends, or the family members in a different country. Second, Facebook creates an environment that allows you to interact easily with others:you can share your photos,videos,links and thoughts with your friends and respond to what they share in turn. Third, Facebook’s unique technical system helps you to discover your friends' most valuable stories. These technologies allow people to keep and enrich friendships that they might othenvise have been unable to keep.‎ ‎    The effect of this is very great. A recent study by Keith Hampton for the Pew Internet and American Life Project has discovered that users of social networking websites have larger, more diverse social circles, online and offline. This outcome comes at no cost to one's closest relationships, which are kept in person and over the phone. Instead, the hour that the average user spends each day socializing on Facebook comes at the expense of less social activities, such as the three or so hours a day the average person spends watching television.‎ ‎    Time may limit our ability to keep social ties, but our desire for social communication is limitless. Just as boats have allowed us to cross oceans and vehicles have allowed us to move mountains, Facebook is a tool that allows us to stay more deeply connected with a larger and more diverse set of friends.‎ ‎1.What can you do with the help of Facebook according to the text? A.Protect the environment. B.Find a new house or workplace. C.Rediscover long-lost classmates. D.Change the behavior towards your friends. 2.What will social networking websites do? A.Increase the diversity of social relations. B.Share the hours of watching television. C.Restrict personal friendships. D.Limit social activities. 3.What is the author’s attitude towards Facebook? A.Worried. B.Doubtful. C.Approving. D.Curious.‎ ‎8、    “Did you hear what happened to Adam last Friday?”Lindsey whispers to Tori.‎ ‎    With her eyes shining,Tori brags,“You bet I did. Sean told me two days ago.”‎ ‎    Who are Lindsey and Tori talking about? It just happens to be yours truly, Adam Freedmam. I can tell you that what they are saying is (a) not nice and (b) not even true. Still, Lindsey and Tori aren’t very different from most students here at Linton High School, including me. Many of our conversations are gossip (闲话). I have noticed three effects of gossip: it can hurt people, it can give gossipers a strange kind of satisfaction, and it can cause social pressures in a group.‎ ‎     An important negative effect of gossip is that it can hurt the person being talked about. Usually, gossip spreads information about a topic —breakups,trouble at home, even dropping out—that a person would rather keep secret. The more embarrassing or shameful the secret is, the juicier the gossip it makes. Probably the worst type of gossip is the absolute lie. People often think of gossipers as harmless, but cruel lies can cause pain.‎ ‎    If we know that gossip can be harmful, then why do so many of us do it? The answer lies in another effect of gossip: the satisfaction it gives us. Sharing the latest rumor(传言) can make a ‎ person feel important because he or she knows something that others don't. Similarly, hearing the latest rumor can make a person feel like part of the “in group”. In other words,gossip is satisfying because it gives people a sense of belonging or even superiority(优越感).‎ ‎    Gossip also can have a third effect:it strengthens unwritten,unspoken rules about how people should act. Professor David Wilson explains that gossip is important in policing behaviours in a group. Translated into high school terms, this means that if everybody you hang around with is laughing at what John wore or what Jane said, then you can bet that wearing or saying something similar will get you the same kind of negative attention. The dos and don'ts conveyed through gossip will never show up in any student handbook.‎ ‎    The effects of gossip vary depending on the situation. The next time you feel the urge to spread the latest news,think about why you want to gossip and what effects your “juicy story” might have.‎ ‎1.The author uses a conversation at the beginning of the passage to _______. A.introduce a topic B.present an argument C.describe the characters D.clarify his writing purpose 2.In the author's opinion, many people like to gossip because it _______. A.gives them a feeling of pleasure B.helps them to make more friends C.makes them better at telling stories D.enables them to meet important people 3.Professor David Wilson thinks that gossip can _______. A.provide students with written rules B.help people watch their own behaviours C.force schools to improve student handbooks D.attract the police's attention to group behaviors 4.What advice does the author give in the passage? A.Never become a gossiper. B.Stay away from ‎ gossipers. C.Don't let gossip turn into lies. D.Think twice before you gossip.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 答案以及解析 ‎1答案及解析：‎ 答案： 1.B; 2.A; 3.C; 4.D 解析： 1.由文章第一段“ After this experience traveling across China and eating local food, I reallywondered “How did I live without eating dumplings and eggplant on a weekly basis?”可知:作者初到中国的时候,中国的美食给他留下了极为深刻的印象。 2.由文章第二段“On deep, dark Beijing winter days and rainy days, Waimai is like the holy grailand as I enjoyed my take - away dumplings I would think and laugh to myself, “How did I livebefore without being able to get Waimai?”可知:在北京的冬夜,外卖给作者带来了精神上的满足,对当时的他显得弥足珍贵,故推测holy grail 词意为:珍贵。 3.由文章第三段“Again, I pondered on how I ever lived without my shared bike account. Well, Iguess I did, somehow, for 25 years!”可知:作者被共享单车的蓬勃发展所深深地震撼了。 4.由文章文章最后一段“ I’m sure as I continue my life here in Beijing I will be swept up in thenext new convenience of life that China’s rapid development is bringing out.”,作者认为中国的快速发展会给生活在这里的人民带来一个又一个生活上的便利。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.C; 2.A; 3.B; 4.D 解析：1.细节理解题。由第一段中的in order to understand the challenges faced by older drivers 和第六段中的 is helping us to understand what the key stress points and difficulties are for older drivers 可知,研究人员研究的目的是了解老年司机面临的挑战和发现关键的问题在哪里。答案选C。 2.细节理解题。根据第四段第二句中的preserving their ‎ independence可以得知开车对于保持老年人的独立性是非常重要的,这也给了老年人不依赖于别人而出行的自由,因此A项正确。 3.推理判断题。根据第六段最后一句的use technology to address these problems. ” 和文章最后一句可知,研究人员这样做是为了发明帮助老年人驾驶的技术,因此B项正确。文章不是说老年人的驾驶技术不好,而是说老年人因为年龄问题在开车时会遇到一些困难,因此A项错误。 4.主旨大意题。综合全文可知,文章讲述的是研究人员正在研究如何保证老年人开车安全的问题,因此D项是最佳答案。‎ 全文翻译 ‎    纽卡斯尔大学的智能交通团队已经将一辆电动汽车变成了一个名为“ DriveLAB”的移动实验室,以了解老龄司机所面临的挑战,并发现关键的压力点。‎ ‎    研究表明放弃驾驶导致他们变得更加孤立、不活跃,是老年人健康和福祉下降的关键原因之一。‎ ‎    在菲尔•布莱斯教授的带领下,纽卡斯尔团队正在为老龄司机开发车载式汽车技术,他们希望这些技术能帮助老年人一直到晚年也能继续开车。‎ ‎    这些技术包括定制的导航工具、夜视系统和智能速度适应。菲尔•布莱斯解释说:“对于许多老年人, 尤其是那些独自生活或在乡村生活的老年人来说,开车对保持他们的独立性以及不必依赖他人而出行的自由都很重要。”‎ ‎    “但我们都必须承认,随着年龄的增长,我们的反应会慢下来,这往往会导致人们回避任何具有潜在挑战性的驾驶状况,并对驾驶技能失去信心。结果是,人们在真正需要之前就停止开车了。”‎ ‎    老年驾驶研究的首席研究员艾米郭博士解释说:“DriveLAB正帮助我们了解老年驾驶者的主要压力和困难,以及我们如何利用技术来解决这些问题。”‎ ‎    “例如,我们大多数人都认为老龄司机开车总是比其他人慢,但令人惊讶的是,我们发现,在时速30英里的区域,他们很难保持恒定的速度,因此更有可能打破限速,并有面临被罚款的风险。我们关注的是控制其速度的系统的好处,以防止这种情况的出现。”‎ ‎    “我们希望我们的工作将帮助找到技术解决方案,确保老龄司机行车更安全。”‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.D; 2.C; 3.A; 4.D ‎ ‎ ‎4答案及解析：‎ 答案： 1.A; 2.B; 3.B; 4.D 解析： 1.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了一些能够让我们在旅行时避免迷路的好方法。 【长难句解读】Keep looking ahead so that you can give the driver lots of warning before having to make a tum or you’ll have to move to the back seat.分析:本句使用了 ”祈使句+or+陈述句"句型。祈使句中含有一个由so that引导的目的状语从句。译文:要一直眼看前方,以便在司机不得不转弯前给司机大量警示,否则你就不得不坐到汽车后座上。 【命题意图】考查细节理解。【解题思路】根据文章第二段中的"Keep looking ahead so that you can give the driver lots of warning before having to make a tum or you'll have to move to the back seat"可知,当你坐在司机旁边的时候,你可以在必要的时候,提前给司机瞀示,指导司机。故选A。 2.【命题意图】考查推理判断。【解题思路】根据文章第三段中的"The purpose of the activity is in not getting lost"可知,等走得慢的朋友是为了避免有人走失。故B正确。 3.【命题意图】考查细节理解。【解题思路I根据文章第四段最后一句中的"it’s not only good fun, but also a great way to keep fit’可知,越野识途比赛活动可以让我们保持健康。故选B。 4.【命题意图1考査主旨大意。【解题思路】根据文章内容尤其是第一段中的"But to make sure not to get lost or waste time going round in circles, the following tips may be helpful”可知,本文主要谈论了一些如何避免在旅行 |时迷路的好方法。故选D.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎5答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.C; 2.A; 3.B 解析：1.细节理解题。根据短文第一段中的“I used to carry a fresh suit to work with me so I could change if my clothes got wrinkled.”可知这是因为他想要自己的衣服时时刻刻都很整洁, 没有褶皱,故选C。 2.细节理解理。根据“and I need to feel comfortable.”可知因为这会让他在工作的时候感到舒适,故选A。 3.细节理解题。根据短文中的“helps them save money”可知A 选项正确;由“it’s easier for a company to attract new employees” 可知是公司吸引新员工,而不是员工更有吸引力,B选项错误;由“people seem happier and more productive”可知C、D 选项正确。 故选B。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎6答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.A; 2.D; 3.C 解析：1.细节理解题。根据Shanghai, China部分中的最后一句 And come here before the crowds decrease in June for the opening of the Shanghai Disney Resort, which is sure to be popular for families during the summer break.可知,迪士尼乐园在上海。因此如果想和家人去迪士尼乐园就去上海。故选A项。 2.细节理解题。根据.Lille, France 部分中的The spring weather here is delightful, 可知.Lille, France的春天气候宜人而不是常年如此,故A是错误的。Shanghai, China部分中的The weather is incredibly pleasant in May—the spring rains have passed, but the summer humidity is around the corner.可知是春雨过去,夏季高温潮湿即将到来,(而不是已经到来)使得5月份天气宜人,B是错误的。根据Malta 部分中的The tourists really begin to decrease in June, so beat the crowds in May to get the beaches to yoursel可知六月份人数减少,所以C是错误的。根据 Canggu, Bali部分中的第一句Balis beaches attract all types of sun worshippers, but surfers know to head to Canggu, a town on the island’s southwestern coast.可知对于喜欢冲浪的人来说要到Canggu, Bali。因此D项正确。 3.推理判断题。本文主要介绍了四个旅游景点,所以应该出现在旅游一栏里,故选C项。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎7答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.C; 2.A; 3.C 解析：1.细节理解题.根据第二段的 First,Facebook allows you to find and rediscover friends and then reminds you of these connections, so that you are less likely to be out of touch with the long-lost school friend, or the family member in a different country.可知,Facebook会帮助人们找到已经很久没有音信的同学。 2.细节理解题。根据第三段的 users of social networking websites have larger,more diverse social circles,online and offline 可知,社交网站会扩大人们的社交圈.增加社交的多样性. 3.推理判断题.根据首段的 Facebook is freeing us from these limitations, making friendships more accessible, pleasant and diverse than ever before.和尾段的 Facebook is a tool that allows us...more diverse set of friends.可推知作者的态度.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎8答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.A; 2.A; 3.B; 4.D 解析：1.推理判断题。根据第三段中的Many of our conversations are gossip.(我们的对话很多都是闲话),可知开头的对话是为了引出本文的主题,故选A。 2.细节理解题。根据第五段中的The answer lies in another effect of gossip:the satisfaction it gives us.可知人们喜欢说闲话是因为它会带来满足感,故选A。 3.细节理解题。根据第六段中的Professor David Wilson explains that gossip is important in policing behaviours in a group. 可知,他认为闲话在监督群体中人的行为方面是非常重要的,故选B。 4.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的The next time you feel the urge to spread the latest news, think about why you want to gossip and what effects your “juicy story” might have 可知,作者的建议是让人们在传播小道消息之前三思而后行。故选D。‎ ‎ ‎