高三英语二轮复习第三板块题型五完形填空教师用书 59页

题型五 完形填空 [全国卷 3 年考情分析] 卷别 个数 题型 2016 2015 2014 卷Ⅰ (记叙文) 卷Ⅱ (夹叙 夹议 文) 卷Ⅲ (夹叙夹 议文) 卷Ⅰ (记叙 文) 卷Ⅱ (夹叙 夹议 文) 卷Ⅰ (议论 文) 卷Ⅱ (记 叙 文) 句内层次题 11 10 8 8 11 9 8 句组层次题 6 7 8 8 6 9 7 语篇层次题 3 3 4 4 3 2 5 注：句内层次题：空格的答案由空格所在句子决定。句组层次题：空格的答案由与空格 相距不远的一组句子决定。语篇层次题：空格的答案由整篇文章的内涵决定。 [命题者说] 研究近 3 年的全国卷完形填空试题，可以发现完形填空的设题方式大 致可分为句内层次、句组层次及语篇层次三种题型。在难易程度上，句内层次题和句组层次 题较容易，考生只需要结合语境理解空格所在句或相邻的几句就可以确定答案，对于考生来 说相对比较容易得分。且句内层次、句组层次题考查最多，能保障考生取得基本分数，但高 考是选拔性的考试，每篇完形填空总会有 2～3 个比较难的语篇层次题成为考生取得高分的 拦路虎，对于此类填空，往往需要考生跨越段落，从全文的脉络、作者的思想、意图或主人 公的心理等角度进行推理、判断，才能做出正确的选择。本专题将设两课对这三种题型进行 分别指导。 一、基础保分课 ——巧用 7 大方法力保句内、句组层次题不失分 对应学生用书 P66 一 5 大方法速判句内层次题 解题信息分布在本句内，在读懂文意的前提下，利用本句的一些解题信息就可直接做答。 对于此类题目，可边读边填，将原文信息尽量复原。 1．利用习惯搭配及固定结构解题 完形填空中经常会考查一些固定结构、固定句式，这时考生就需要运用习惯搭配及固定 结构来解题。 [典例] (2016·全国卷Ⅰ) The man who had his bright lights on 48.came_over and told Larry he had __49__ an emergency call. 49．A.returned B．received C．made D．confirmed 分析：选 C 本题可以利用固定结构解题。make a call 为固定搭配，意为“打电话”。 make an emergency call 意为“打急救电话”。 2．利用生活常识和文化背景解题 完形填空的语篇中往往渗透着诸如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。考生 在做题时，若能积极地调动自己的文化背景知识和生活常识，巧妙地加以运用，特别是注意 中西文化的差异，将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程，节省宝贵的时间，顺利地沿作者的 思路阅读下去。 [典例] (2016·全国卷Ⅰ)Once fire and emergency people arrived, Larry and the other man __56__ and let them go to work. Then, Larry asked the __57__ if he was needed or 58.free to go. They let him and the other man go. 56．A.stepped forward B．backed off C．moved on D．set out 57．A.woman B．police C．man D．driver 分析：56.选 B 57.选 B 这两个题可以利用生活常识和文化背景解题。根据生活常识， 当急救人员来的时候，其他临时施救的非专业人员当然要“后退”(back off)。然后，Larry 问“是否他还有需要”，问的对象肯定是这些急救人员了，观察四个选项只有 police 符合 常识。 3．利用对应成分分析法解题 完形填空文章的上下文之间以及句子内部之间往往有着一定的逻辑关系，它使句子的各 个成分之间形成一定的对应关系。考生可以根据这种逻辑关系找出与未知填空相对应的已知 成分，将它作为线索，通过它推断出未知填空的答案。 [典例] (2015·安徽高考)To __51__ the amount of rubbish and to protect the52.environment,_more governments are requiring people to recycle materials. 51．A.show B．record C．decrease D．measure 分析：选 C 本题可以利用对应成分分析法解题。 To __51__ the amount of rubbish and to protect the 动词 并列连词 动词对应关系 52．environment,_more governments ... 从上述分析可以看出，第 51 题与 protect 形成对应关系。因为前面有 and 这一并列连 词，并且 and 前后意思应该一致，我们可以很轻松地选出正确答案 C 项(decrease“减少”)。 4．利用逻辑关系解题 此方法是通过分析未知填空前后文与已知信息之间的逻辑关系来确定答案，主要应用于 完形填空的两类题型：一是考查连接词和起连接词作用的短语，二是考查上下文的逻辑关系。 [典例] (2016·全国卷Ⅲ) We went 101 and I was named most valuable player, __48__ I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Miller's 49.accident. 48．A.and B．then C．but D．thus 分析：选 C 本题考查连词。连词的作用就是将其前后文的已知信息衔接起来，因此可 以利用逻辑关系来解题，即通过分析该未知填空前后文的已知信息的逻辑关系来确定本题应 该填入表达何种逻辑关系的短语。 We went 101 and I was named most valuable player. (我们 10∶1 赢得了比赛，并且我被评为最有价值的球员。) 转折 __48__ I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Miller's 49.accident. (我经常做疯狂的梦，在梦中我应该为 Miller 的车祸负责。) 通过上述分析得知本填空前后文的已知信息是明显的转折关系，因此答案是 but。and 表示并列关系；then 表示顺承关系；thus 表示因果关系。 5．利用语境暗示分析法解题 上下文语境具体体现为：全文的中心主线和主题、作者的态度倾向和评价、上下文语篇 衔接、句际和段际关系。在句内层次中，我们通常可以通过上下文语境，即根据已知信息， 推导出正确答案。 [典例] (2016·全国卷Ⅱ) She gave me a __33__ smile, nodded while listening patiently，and then printed out the 34.ticket immediately. 33．A.shy B．comforting C．familiar D．forced 分析：选 B 本题可以利用语境暗示分析法解题。根据下文“nodded while listening patiently ...immediately” 可知“她”的举止对我是非常友好、善意的，因此，我们可 以快速从四个选项中选出 comforting, comforting smile“让人感到安慰的笑容”。 二 4大方法智取句组层次题 比句内层次题稍难一级的题目，其解题信息分布在空格前后的一组意群之中，解题时需 前瞻后顾，综合意群信息解答。即：本句信息不足填，空格前后再找信息源。 1．利用语义复现解题 复现是一种语义衔接手段，它通过原词、同义词或近义词、反义词、上义词、下义词、 同源词或同根词等重复出现来表达某一概念，使整篇文章上下连贯，有机地衔接在一起。因 此，考生可根据文章的具体情况，理解文章的结构和语境，利用文章中的复现现象来选择正 确的答案。 [典例 1] (2016·四川高考) Aunt Dede, a teacher, had read the book to her students, and they loved it. 44.Even the youngest children in the class were __45__ by the story. 45．A.surprised B．annoyed C．puzzled D．attracted 分析：选 D 本题可以利用语义复现解题。本题为近义词复现。上文中的 loved 是 45 题的近义复现，故选 D 项。 [典例 2] (2015·陕西高考) Dad had a green comb.He bought it when he married Mum.Every night, he would hand me his __26__ and say, “Good girl, help Daddy clean it, OK？” 26．A.bag B．wallet C．comb D．brush 分析：选 C 本题可以利用语义复现解题。本题为原词复现。26 空是上文“Dad had a green comb.”中 comb 的原词复现，故选 C项。 2．利用作者态度或感情色彩关联解题 在高考完形填空文章中，我们一定要在快速阅读文章的过程中，仔细找出能够反映作者 态度和感情色彩的重要词汇，它们往往是名词、形容词、副词或动词。这些词汇通常是我们 做题时重要的参照线索，可以帮助我们快速确定某些题目的正确答案。 [典例] (2016·四川高考) Aunt Dede, a teacher, had read the book to her students, and they loved it. 44.Even the youngest children in the class were 45.attracted by the story. They 46.listened with great interest, and then __47__ joined in grand conversations about Harry's adventures. 47．A.suspectedly B．anxiously C．calmly D．enthusiastically 分析：选 D 本题可以利用作者态度或感情色彩关联解题。根据前文中的动词 loved， were attracted 以及介词短语 with great interest 的提示可知，47 题的感情色彩是积极 向上的，所以 47 题选择 D 项(热情地)。 3．利用逻辑关系解题 在句组层次题中，利用逻辑关系解题同样是一种重要的方法。 [典例] (2016·全国卷Ⅱ) Hundreds of people have formed impressions of you through that little device (装置) on your desk. And they've never actually 41.met you. Everything they know about you 42.came through this device sometimes from hundreds of miles away. __43__ they feel they can know you 44.just from the sound of your voice. That's how powerful the 45.telephone is. 43．A.Thus B．Yet C．Then D．Indeed 分析：选 B 本题是典型的考查上下文逻辑关系的题目，可以利用逻辑关系解题。 Everything they know about you 42.came through this device sometimes from hundreds of miles away. (他们对你的了解全部通过这台装置，有时来自数百英里远的地方。) 转折 _43__ they feel they can know you 44.just from the sound of your voice. (他们觉得只需要听到你的声音就能了解你。) _ 通过上述对本空前后文已知信息的分析，能够发现上下文是明显的转折关系，因此答案 可以确定为选项 B.Yet。thus“因此”，then“随后”，indeed“的确，确实”。 4．利用语境暗示分析法解题 在句组层次中，有些题目我们往往也需要通过上下文语境，即根据已知信息，推导出正 确答案。 [典例] (2016·全国卷Ⅰ)43.As he got closer, he found 44.another vehicle upside down on the road. One more look and he noticed __45__ shooting out from under the 46.disabled vehicle. Larry pulled over, set the brake and 47.got_hold_of the fire extinguisher (灭火器). Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out. 45．A.flames B．smoke C．water D．steam 分析：选 A 本题可以利用语境暗示分析法解题。上文中提到 Larry 发现另一辆车翻倒 在地，从而再仔细看，根据下文他“got hold of the fire extinguisher”，“Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out”等这些语境暗示可知，他仔 细看后，注意到(noticed)从车下面冒出的应该是火焰(flame)。 [课堂巩固训练] A (2016·陕西咸阳三模)On the first day of school our teacher introduced himself and challenged us to get to know someone we didn't know. I stood up to look around 1.when a gentle hand touched my shoulder. I turned 2.around to find a little old lady with a __3__ smile. She said， “Hi, handsome. My name is Rose. I'm eightyseven years old.”“Why are you in __4__ at such a YOUNG age？”I asked. She replied，“I always __5__ of having college education and now I'm getting one！”she told me. After class we became instant friends. I was __6__ about what might have __7__ her to be taking on this challenge at her age. 3．A.false B．cold C．frozen D．warm 解析：选 D 根据上下文及后面的 smile 可推知老太太的微笑是温暖的(warm)。 false“假的”；cold“冰冷的”；frozen“冷冻的”。 4．A.class B．school C．university D．kindergarten 解析：选 C 根据下句中的“having college education”可知老太太是来上大学 (university)。 5．A.dreamed B．spoke C．heard D．complained 解析：选 A dream of doing sth.“梦想做某事”。speak of“说明”；hear of“听 说”；complain“抱怨”。 6．A.frightened B．embarrassed C．shocked D．curious 解析：选 D 我对于是什么东西鼓舞她在这么大年龄还能承受这样的挑战感到很好奇 (curious)。A 项意为“害怕的”；B 项意为“尴尬的”；C 项意为“震惊的”。 7．A.forbidden B．encouraged C．warned D．allowed 解析：选 B 参考上题解析。A 项意为“禁止”；B项意为“鼓励，鼓舞”；C项意为“警 告”；D 项意为“允许”。 B (2016·河北唐山一模) I first got to know Rose while working in a hospital kitchen. When I arrived at 6 a．m., Rose was already there.“Hi, I'm Janet.”I tried to be __1__， although I already knew Rose was hard to work with. Rose __2__ what she was doing and looked over her reading glasses. I could tell from her __3__ that she wasn't delighted to see a student worker. __4__， I started to work. However, nothing I did __5__ her. All morning her eagle eyes missed __6__ and she was very sharp with me. 1．A.confident B．cool C．friendly D．patient 解析：选 C 根据“although I already knew Rose was hard to work with”可知设 空处答案为 C 项(friendly)。 2．A.loved B．forgot C．hated D．stopped 解析：选 D 作者向 Rose 打招呼，Rose 停下手中的活看了她一眼。A项意为“热爱”； B项意为“忘记”；C 项意为“讨厌”；D 项意为“停止”。 3．A.experience B．expression C．description D．appearance 解析：选 B 根据上下文可知，作者从 Rose 的表情中可以看出 Rose 见我是一名实习生 而感到不悦。A 项意为“经验”；B 项意为“表情”；C 项意为“描述”；D 项意为“外表”。 4．A.Otherwise B．Anyway C．Therefore D．Besides 解析：选 B 虽然 Rose 不友好，但我还是开始工作了。A 项意为“否则”；B项意为“即 使这样”；C 项意为“因此”；D 项意为“此外”。 5．A.pleased B．excited C．puzzled D．disappointed 解析：选 A 根据下句可知我做的一切都没让她高兴起来。A 项意为“使……高兴”；B 项意为“使……激动”；C 项意为“使……困惑”；D 项意为“使……失望”。 6．A.everything B．nothing C．something D．anything 解析：选 B 整个上午，我做的事没有一件逃过她锐利的目光。动词 miss 在本句中意 为“未看到”，故答案为 nothing。 C (2016·江西百所重点高中模拟)Tenyearold Riley Christensen and her mother, Lynn, sat in front of the family computer, checking out models and prices of bikes.“Let's __1__ one out for Dad's birthday present，”Lynn suggested to her daughter. As Riley surfed the home page of the Bike Rack, a __2__ in their town caught her eyes. She clicked it out of curiosity. The __3__ told how Bike Rack owner Hal Honeyman had created an organization to __4__ specially engineered bicycles for people with disabilities. It also showed the __5__ faces of those who were riding them, __6__ Hal's own son, who had been born with cerebral palsy (脑瘫). 1．A.pick B．give C．sell D．send 解析：选 A 根据上下文可知 Lynn 建议女儿为父亲的生日挑选礼物。pick out“精心 挑选”；give out“分发”；sell out“卖完”；send out“发出”。 2．A.school B．building C．shop D．restaurant 解析：选 C 要在店铺(shop)里挑选生日礼物，故答案为 C 项。 3．A.sight B．link C．idea D．model 解析：选 B 根据上文中的“surfed the home page”及“clicked”等，可知本空应 为“链接(link)”。 4．A.show B．choose C．repair D．provide 解析：选 D 从下文可知车行老板 Hal Honeyman 创建组织的目的是免费提供专门为残 疾人设计的自行车。A项意为“展示”；B项意为“选择”；C 项意为“修理”；D 项意为“提 供”。 5．A.sad B．special C．happy D．beautiful 解析：选 C 残疾人能骑上专门为自己设计的自行车一定会非常高兴(happy)。 6．A.except B．without C．concerning D．including 解析：选 D 其中包括 Hal 患先天性脑瘫的儿子。A 项意为“不包括”；B 项意为“没 有”；C 项意为“关于，就……而言”；D 项意为“包括”。 D (2016·河南八市重点高中质检)Nothing being sure where I want to start this, I will say that I lost my mom back in April of this year. She was ninetytwo. __1__， I was not expecting her to __2__ and I don't think she was expecting it either. I was very close to my mom, being an only child. We did have __3__ on the surface, but we still had a close relationship __4__ those. 1．A.However B．Otherwise C．Moreover D．Though 解析：选 A 前后两句之间是转折关系，再结合空格后的逗号可知选 A。 2．A.pass out B．pass away C．pass by D．pass down 解析：选 B 文中“I lost my mom”表明母亲已经去世，故选 B。pass out“昏迷，失 去知觉”；pass away“去世”；pass by“通过，经过”；pass down“使世代相传，流传”。 3．A.promises B．agreements C．differences D．similarities 解析：选 C 下文中的“we still had a close relationship”表明，母女表面上有 分歧，故选 C。 4．A.in terms of B．in case of C．in need of D．in spite of 解析：选 D 虽然有分歧之处，但我们关系很亲密。 E (2016·大连市高三双基测试)Last year I went on holiday to Spain. But __1__， after two days in Madrid, I started to get severe 2.back pain. I was in such suffering that I went to the local hospital for a (n) __3__. No sooner had I arrived than I was __4__ to a small room, and I had not been waiting too long __5__ a surgeon came to examine me. He didn't speak English and I only spoke a few words of Spanish. He __6__ that I had to remove my clothes and he gave me one of those funny hospital gowns (罩衣) which hardly 7.cover anything. 1．A.unbearably B．unfortunately C．unwillingly D．unusually 解析：选 B 依据本句中的“I started to get severe ________ pain”和文章首句 可知，在假期突然身体抱恙是一件不幸的事。A 项意为“难以忍受地”；B 项意为“不幸地”； C项意为“不情愿地”；D 项意为“不同寻常地”。故 B 项正确。 3．A.appointment B．operation C．examination D．visit 解析：选 C 依据第二段第一句中的“a surgeon came to examine me”可知，医生来 给作者做检查，因此作者是到医院去做检查的。A 项意为“约定，任命”；B 项意为“手术”； C项意为“检查，考试”；D 项意为“拜访”。故 C 项正确。 4．A.invited B．carried C．shown D．welcomed 解析：选 C 依据故事发生的场所是医院可知，作者应该是被领到了一个小房间里。A 项意为“邀请”；B 项意为“背，拿，扛”；C 项意为“引，带，领”；D项意为“欢迎”。 故 C 项正确。 5．A.until B．since C．after D．before 解析：选 D 句意：……我没有等很长时间，医生就过来给我做检查。分析句子可知， 应该是在医生来做检查之前作者没有等很长时间。故 D 项正确。 6．A.urged B．said C．gestured D．advised 解析：选 C 根据上文“He didn't speak English and I only spoke a few words of Spanish.”可知，两人在语言沟通方面有一定困难，所以应该是医生示意作者脱掉衣服。A 项意为“催促，力劝”；B 项意为“说”；C 项意为“用手势表现、表达或指导”；D 项意 为“建议”。故 C 项正确。 二、重难增分课 ——坚持“一原则”活用“三方法”，力争语篇层次题不丢分 对应学生用书 P69 [解题口诀] [题型解读] 在上一课中，我们重点讲解了完形填空三大 层次题型中的句内层次题和句组层次题。相 信同学们对完形填空这一题型的解题方法有 了一定的了解。在本课中，我们继续讲解另 外一种层次题型，也是同学们在解答完形填 语篇题目确实难，解题信息找不全。 此类问题不要慌，放眼全篇细思量。 空题中较易失分的一种层次题型，即语篇层 次题。 语篇层次题要求考生理解整篇文章，抓住全 文的脉络、作者的思想、意图或主人公的心 理，然后进行准确的推理、判断，从而做出 正确的选择。这类题难度较大，一篇完形填 空中，大约有 2～3 道此类题。 句内句组不能解，暂时跳过放一放。 等到信息足够全，综合思维把它判。 [一原则] 不急于解答，读完全文后综合思维再做判定 语篇层次题的解答必须立足于整个语篇，因此在解题时对这类题目不能急于解答，要跨 越段落，顺藤摸瓜，仔细比对，最终得出答案。具体来说，可以利用以下 3 种方法解答此类 题目。 [三方法] 一 利用语义复现解题 在语篇层次题中，我们同样可以利用语义复现解题。 [典例] (2016·四川高考) Lainey finished third grade. She had good grades and could read 41.above grade level, but she did not like to read. On a family car trip, her Aunt Dede pulled out a copy of Harry Potter, as a surprise for her 42.niece. But Lainey took one look at it, 43.rolled her eyes, and said, “Borrrring！” Aunt Dede, a teacher, had read the book to her students, and they loved it. 44.Even the youngest children in the class were 45.attracted by the story. They 46.listened with great interest, and then 47.enthusiastically joined in grand conversations about Harry's adventures. “How can you say it's __48__？ Have you read it？” asked Aunt Dede. 48．A.amazing B．boring C．ridiculous D．humorous 分析：选 B 本题可以利用语义复现解题。本题为原词复现。上文“and said， ‘Borrrring！’”中的 Borrrring 是 48 空的原词复现，故选 B 项。 二 利用总分结构对照分析法解题 完形填空往往采用总分对照结构，总述是对分述的总结和概括，而分述是对总述的展开 和详述，两者之间有着明确的相互支撑、相互印证的对照关系。总分对照结构可以为我们提 供重要的解题线索。 [典例] (2016·全国卷Ⅱ) Powerful, yes, but not always __46__. For years I dealt with my travel agent only by phone. Rani, my faceless agent whom I'd never met 47.in_person,_got me rockbottom prices on airfares, cars, and hotels. But her cold voice really 48.annoyed me. I sometimes wished to 49.find another agent. One morning, I had to 50.book an immediate flight home for a family emergency. I ran into Rani's office 51.for_the_first_time. The woman sitting at the desk, 52.seeing my madness, sympathetically jumped up. She gave me a 53.comforting smile, nodded while listening patiently, and then printed out the 54.ticket immediately. “What a wonderful lady！” I thought. Rushing out 55.gratefully I called out over my shoulder, “By the way, what's your name？” “I'm Rani，” she said. I turned around and saw a 56.pleasant woman with a big smile on her face waving to wish me a safe trip. I was 57.speechless! Why had I thought she was cold? Rani was, well, so 58.nice. Sitting back in the car on the way to the airport, I figured it all out. Rani's 59.friendliness — her warm smile, her nods, her ‘I'm here for you’ 60.attitude — were all silent signals that didn't travel through wires. 46．A.direct B．useful C．easy D．accurate 分析：选 D 本题可以利用总分结构对照分析法解题。此题在一个总述句“Powerful, yes, but not always __46__.(电话是强大的，但不总是准确的)”中。这是为什么呢？下 文叙述的事件给了我们本空的答案。因此，仅仅看到本题所在句子包含的信息是不够的，还 要看后文的相关信息，这个关键信息就在下文的分述部分。只要抓住分述部分作者态度的转 变过程，本题就迎刃而解了。 总述 Powerful, yes, but not always __46__. 分述 her cold voice annoyed me→she gave me a comforting smile/“What a wonderful woman！” I thought. 总结一下分述部分，很容易判断出第 46 题答案就是 D 项 accurate。因为下面分述部分 讲的是作者在电话里觉得 Rani 是冷漠的，但见面后印象完全转变，由此可知，电话虽强大， 但不准确。 三 利用逻辑关系解题 在语篇层次题中，利用逻辑关系也是一种重要的解题方法。 [典例] (2015·北京高考) Dario and his mother loved their new apartment. The living room was large enough for their piano. That night, the two of them 36.sat side by side at the piano. They played jazz music to celebrate their new home.The loud 37.music filled the room and made them feel very happy. The next morning, __38__， their happiness disappeared. Someone had left a 39.note under their door during the night. One of their neighbors had written to complain (抱怨) about the sound of the piano.Dario's mother asked the building superintendent (管理员) if he knew anything about it.But he said that they were all40.nice people and he couldn't imagine any of them had done that.Later that morning, Dario suggested that they write a letter to their 41.neighbors and apologize for their playing. 38．A.therefore B．however C．otherwise D．instead 分析：选 B 本题是典型的考查上下文逻辑关系的题目，可以利用逻辑关系解题。 38 题之前的文章在讲 Dario 和妈妈为搬进新家而高兴，当天晚上一起弹奏钢 琴以庆祝乔迁新居。 转折 38 题之后的文章都是在讲他们不快乐的原因及他们的反应。 通过上述对本填空前后文已知信息的分析，发现上下文是明显的转折关系，因此答案可 以确定为选项 B。 [解题样板] (2016·全国卷Ⅰ) A Heroic Driver Larry works with Transport Drivers, Inc. One morning in 2009, Larry was 41.traveling along 165 north after delivering to one of his 42.customers. Suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on. 43.As he got closer, he found 44.another vehicle upside down on the road. One more look and he noticed 45.flames shooting out from under the __46__ vehicle. Larry pulled over, set the brake and 47.got_hold_of the fire extinguisher (灭火器). Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out. The man who had his bright lights on 48.came_over and told Larry he had 49.made an emergency call. They 50.then heard a woman's voice coming from the wrecked (毁 坏的) vehicle. 51.Approaching the vehicle, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window. They told her to stay 52.still until the emergency personnel arrived, 53.but she thought the car was going to 54.explode. Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move 55.in_case she injured her neck. Once fire and emergency people arrived, Larry and the other man 56.backed_off and let them go to work. Then, Larry asked the 57.police if he was needed or 58.free to go. They let him and the other man go. One thing is 59.for_certain — Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting so close to the burning vehicle! His __60__ most likely saved the woman's life. 46．A.used B．disabled C．removed D．abandoned 60．A.patience B．skills C．efforts D．promise, 46.选 B 此题为语篇层次题。本题通过句内和句组无法解出，必须立足全篇才能做对， 因此在解题时可以先临时放一放，留待下文信息明朗后再解决。由后文“They 50.then heard a woman's voice coming from the wrecked (毁坏的) vehicle.”可知句中的 wrecked 为 disabled 的同义复现，因此本题可以利用语义复现解题。 60．选 C 此题为语篇层次题。本题必须结合上文全篇内容才能解出。由上文内容可知 运输司机拉里在路上冒险救人，因此此处应为拉里的努力(efforts)挽救了那位女士的性命。 本文为典型的“分—总”结构，前文叙述的是拉里的英勇事迹，后文是对拉里事迹的总结。 因此本题可利用总分结构对照法解题。 [课堂巩固训练] (2016·沈阳市高三年级教学质量检测一)I was 11 when you were born, and in your first few years I often looked after you, bathed and dressed you and took you out for walks. I have __1__ memories of your childhood. Of __2__ you up as a “rock star”. Of watching you dance __3__ nightclothes. Of your insistence that I make your school lunch __4__ I put so much more peanut butter on your __5__ than anyone else. Of the __6__ phone call we ever had — an echo (共鸣) of my own university years — when you wanted to __7__ university and study dance. Since we have grown up, I have lived through you, although you may not know it. You had the opportunity I so __8__ wanted but never got — to train in the dancing arts. I encouraged our parents to support you because I have always __9__ how my life would be if they hadn't chosen a(n) __10__ career path for me, their eldest child. I know you have __11__ to hunt for work and confidence, and that you probably wonder sometimes if you made the right choice. __12__， I am happy for you and proud that I played some small role in helping you to __13__ a dream. There's a __14__ between us now. It has grown since I first left home, and in the __15__ I missed your teenage years. That __16__ me greatly. I imagine that you believe we have very little in common — a __17__ in the city and a biologist in West Africa — but in you I __18__ some of my own dreams realized. But beyond that, even at 12 or 13 I felt as much a mother to you as an older sister. So, on the rare __19__ when we see each other, I want to know everything, from your concerns, hopes to delights. I wish, there were an arm's __20__ between us. I hope we can one day be sisters or friends again. I still make a tasty peanut butter sandwich for you. 语篇解读：本文主要讲述了作者陪伴妹妹成长过程中的点点滴滴。 1．A.vivid B．painful C．admirable D．awful 解析：选 A 根据空后的以 of 开头的句子可知，此处指“我”对你的童年有清晰的 (vivid)记忆。awful“可怕的”；painful“痛苦的”；admirable“值得赞赏的”。故 A 项正确。 2．A.putting B．dressing C．making D．picking 解析：选 B 把你装扮成“摇滚明星”。put sb. up“推荐”；dress sb. up “装扮”； make sb. up “化妆”；pick sb. up“接某人”。故 B 项正确。 3．A.with B．as C．in D．for 解析：选 C 看你穿着睡衣跳舞。in“穿着，戴着”，故 C 项正确。 4．A.although B．because C．when D．if 解析：选 B 你坚持让“我”给你做学校午餐是因为(because)“我”在你的三明治 (sandwiches)里放了比别人多很多的花生酱。because 引导原因状语从句。故 B项正确。 5．A.sandwiches B．lunch C．bread D．pies 解析：选 A 参见上题解析。文章的最后一句“I still make a tasty peanut butter sandwich for you”是提示。 6．A.simplest B．farthest C．loudest D．longest 解析：选 D 当你想退学(drop out of)去学习舞蹈时，我们曾经打过时间最长的 (longest)电话。simplest“最简单的”；farthest“最远的”；loudest“最大声的”。故 D项正确。 7．A.give in to B．look away from C．go in for D．drop out of 解析：选 D 参见上题解析。give in to“屈服，让步”；look away from“把目光从…… 移开”；go in for“参加，爱好”。故 D 项正确。 8．A.badly B．hardly C．perfectly D．naturally 解析：选 A 你有“我”非常(badly)想得到但是却从没有得到过的机会。hardly“几 乎不”；perfectly“完美地”；naturally“自然地”。故 A项正确。 9．A.believed B．understood C．wondered D．regretted 解析：选 C “我”总是想知道(wondered)“我”的生活将会是怎样的，如果他们没有 为“我”选择一条传统的(traditional)职业道路。believe“相信”；understand“理解”； regret“后悔”。故 C 项正确。 10．A.traditional B．original C．official D．special 解析：选 A 参见上题解析。original“起初的”；official“官方的”；special“特 别的”。故 A 项正确。 11．A.managed B．struggled C．refused D．preferred 解析：选 B “我”知道你曾经努力(struggled)寻找工作和自信。manage“完成(困难 的事)”；refuse“拒绝”；prefer“偏爱”。故 B 项正确。 12．A.Besides B．Instead C．However D．Otherwise 解析：选 C 然而(However)，“我”为你高兴并且让“我”自豪的是在帮助你追逐 (follow)梦想的过程中“我”起了一点儿作用。besides“况且”；instead“代替”； otherwise“否则”。故 C 项正确。 13．A.choose B．support C．have D．follow 解析：选 D 参见上题解析。choose“选择”；support“支持”；have“有”。故 D 项正确。 14．A.promise B．quarrel C．distance D．plan 解析：选 C 根据下文的“left home”“missed”可知，此处指现在我们之间有一些 距离(distance)。promise“承诺”；quarrel“争吵”；plan“计划”。故 C 项正确。 15．A.direction B．process C．environment D．experience 解析：选 B 在这个过程(process)中，“我”错过了你的青少年时期。direction“方 向”；environment“环境”；experience“经历”。故 B 项正确。 16．A.shocks B．comforts C．upsets D．moves 解析：选 C 那使“我”很沮丧(upsets)。shock“使震惊”；comfort“安慰”； move“使感动”。故 C 项正确。 17．A.rock star B．performer C．professor D．dancer 解析：选 D 根据上文的“study dance”“to train in the dancing arts”可知， 此处指一名在城市里的舞者(dancer)和一名在西非的生物学家。rock star“摇滚明星”； performer“表演者”；professor“教授”。故 D 项正确。 18．A.see B．remember C．guess D．keep 解析：选 A 但是在你的身上，“我”看到(see)了自己的一些梦想得以实现。 remember“记起”；guess“猜测”；keep“保持”。故 A 项正确。 19．A.vacations B．stages C．spots D．occasions 解析：选 D 此处指我们不多的几次见面。vacation“假期”；stage“舞台”；spot“地 点”。occasion 表示“时刻，时候”，故 D项正确。 20．A.length B．width C．depth D．height 解析：选 A “我”希望我们之间只有一臂长(length)的距离。width“宽度”； depth“深度”；height“高度”。故 A 项正确。 [完形填空专练](配套活页作业) 对应配套卷 P185～P196 完形填空专练(一) 记叙文(一) A (2016·福建省普通高中毕业班单科质量检查) Many of us develop a desire to travel. __1__， few are lucky enough to turn that desire into a(n) __2__ career (职业). For Trish Sare, owner of Vancouverbased BikeHike Adventures, Inc., it was a(n) __3__ story. “I left home when I was 20 with a __4__ of traveling the world for five years，” recalls Sare. “During that period, I spent a lot of time __5__ adventure companies abroad and taking part in some of their adventures. Upon returning, I studied __6__ and fitness leadership. Then, when we had to do our field placement (实习工作), I __7__ a tour agency. When they heard about my __8__， they asked if I wanted to go to Costa Rica for my placement and __9__ as a tour leader. And that is where it all __10__.” That beginning marked the accomplishment of a __11__ dream for Sare. Today, she can __12__ those exciting memories from such places as Thailand, Nepal, Costa Rica and more. Although Sare __13__ her dream of traveling for many years, she began __14__ something that offered just a little bit more. So, in 2014, she took the big __15__ of starting her own company: BikeHike Adventures Inc. Her career has __16__ her all over the world to interact with people of so many different __17__ and backgrounds. Looking back, Sare can __18__ say that it's been the right choice for her. Here is her __19__ for those wanting a similar path： “Do some traveling __20__ your own first and then you'll be marketable to companies，” she concludes. 语篇解读：Trish Sare 的梦想是环球旅行，她以此作为自己的终生事业。后来她通过 旅游积累了经验并创立了自己的旅游公司。 1．A.Therefore B．However C．Besides D．Meanwhile 解析：选 B 根据空处上句“Many of us develop a desire to travel”和空后的“few are lucky enough to turn that desire ...”可知，许多人都渴望旅行，然而没有多少人 将旅游变成一个成功的职业，故 B 项正确。A 项意为“因此”，C 项意为“此外”，D 项意 为“同时”，都与语境不符。 2．A.short B．complex C．successful D．ordinary 解析：选 C 参见上题解析。C 项意为“成功的”，符合语境。A 项意为“短的”，B 项意为“复杂的”，D 项意为“平常的”，都与语境不符。 3．A.funny B．awful C．fairy D．different 解析：选 D 根据下文描述可知，Trish Sare 将旅游变成了成功的职业；据此可知， 她的故事是不一样的。D项意为“不同的”，符合语境。 4．A.goal B．choice C．hobby D．problem 解析：选 A 根据空后的“of traveling the world for five years”可以判断，Sare 怀着在世界旅行五年的目标。A 项意为“目标”，符合语境。B 项意为“选择”，C 项意为 “爱好”，D 项意为“问题”，都与语境不符。 5．A.running B．founding C．meeting D．advertising 解析：选 C 根据该句中的“adventure companies abroad and taking part in some of their adventures”可以判断，Sare 与国外探险公司会面，并参加它们的一些冒险活动。 C项意为“会面”，符合语境。A项意为“经营”，B 项意为“创立”，D 项意为“做广告”， 都与语境不符。 6．A.farming B．adventure C．employment D．tourism 解析：选 D 根据下句中的“tour agency”可以判断，一回来 Sare 就研究了旅游业。 D项意为“旅游业”，符合语境。A项意为“农场经营”，B项意为“冒险”，C 项意为“雇 用”，都与语境不符。 7．A.approached B．charged C．left D．informed 解析：选 A 根据上句中的“studied”可知，Sare 回来便研究旅游业；据此可以判断， 她实习时联系了一家旅行社，以学习旅游知识。A 项意为“接洽”，符合语境。B 项意为“收 费”，C 项意为“离开”，D 项意为“通知”，都与语境不符。 8．A.suggestion B．destination C．experience D．suffering 解析：选 C 前文介绍了 Trish Sare 的一些经历，据此可以判断，旅行社的人听了她 的经历后，询问她是否想要去哥斯达黎加实习。C 项意为“经历”，符合语境。A 项意为“建 议”，B 项意为“目的地”，D 项意为“痛苦”，都与语境不符。 9．A.travel B．apply C．wander D．train 解析：选 D 根据空后的“as a tour leader”可以判断，旅行社询问 Sare 是否可以 去哥斯达黎加接受培训成为导游。D 项意为“培训”，符合语境。A 项意为“旅游”，B 项 意为“申请”，C 项意为“闲逛”，都与语境不符。 10．A.began B．succeeded C．existed D．appeared 解析：选 A 根据该句中的“where it all”以及下一段中的“That beginning”可以 判断，此处表示那就是所有故事开始的地方。A 项意为“开始”，符合语境。B 项意为“成 功”，C 项意为“存在”，D 项意为“出现”，都与语境不符。 11．A.terrible B．strange C．faraway D．lifelong 解析：选 D 根据第一段中的“career (职业)”以及该段第三句中的“her dream of traveling for many years”可以判断，对于 Sare 来说，环球旅游是她终生的梦想。D 项 意为“终生的”，符合语境。A 项意为“可怕的”，B 项意为“奇怪的”，C 项意为“遥远 的”，都与语境不符。 12．A.accept B．review C．discover D．lose 解析：选 B 根据该句中的“those exciting memories from ...”可以判断，她能想 起在许多地方令人激动的回忆。B 项意为“回顾”，符合语境。A 项意为“接受”，C 项意 为“发现”，D项意为“丢失”，都与语境不符。 13．A.shared B．followed C．resisted D．questioned 解析：选 B 根据语境可知，多年来 Sare 一直追逐自己的梦想；follow one's dream 为固定搭配，意为“追逐某人的梦想”，故 B 项正确。A 项意为“分享”，C项意为“抵制”， D项意为“询问”，都与语境不符。 14．A.calling for B．giving up C．looking for D．breaking up 解析：选 C 根据下句 Sare 创立自己的公司可以判断，尽管 Sare 多年来一直坚持旅行 的梦想，但是她开始寻找能给自己带来更多收益的事情。C 项意为“寻找”，符合语境。A 项意为“呼吁”，B项意为“放弃”，D 项意为“粉碎，结束”，都与语境不符。 15．A.step B．measure C．advantage D．lead 解析：选 A 根据语境可知，2014 年她迈开了一大步，创立了自己的公司。A 项意为“脚 步，步”，符合语境。B 项意为“方法”，C 项意为“优点”，D 项意为“领导”，都与语 境不符。 16．A.driven B．shown C．taken D．forbidden 解析：选 C 她的职业将她带向全世界，和不同的人交流。C项意为“带”，符合语境。 A项意为“驱使”，B 项意为“展示”，D 项意为“禁止”，都与语境不符。 17．A.committees B．cultures C．functions D．times 解析：选 B 根据空后的“and backgrounds”可以判断，空处和“backgrounds”对应； 据此可以判断，她的职业将她带向全世界，与不同文化和背景的人交流。B 项意为“文化”， 符合语境。A 项意为“委员会”，C 项意为“功能”，D 项意为“次数”，都与语境不符。 18．A.politely B．patiently C．rudely D．honestly 解析：选 D 根据该句中的“that it's been the right choice for her”可以判断， 回顾从前，Sare 可以诚实地说，对于她来说，这是一个正确的选择。D项意为“诚实地”， 符合语境。A 项意为“礼貌地”，B 项意为“耐心地”，C 项意为“粗鲁地”，都与语境不 符。 19．A.explanation B．advice C．requirement D．wish 解析：选 B 根据该句中的“for those wanting a similar path”以及下文内容可知， 这里表示她给想要走相似路径的人的建议。B项意为“建议”，符合语境。A项意为“解释”， C项意为“需要”，D 项意为“希望”，都与语境不符。 20．A.on B．by C．of D．with 解析：选 A 此处表示你先独自到一些地方旅游，然后你会变成对于公司来说受欢迎的 雇员。on one's own 为固定搭配，意为“独自”，故 A 项正确。 B (2016·厦门市高中毕业班第一次质量检查) “Hi, Mrs. Grady，” said Mark. “Would you like us to shovel (铲除) your driveway？” Mrs. Grady touched her hand to her heart. “That would be __1__， boys. I think the job is too much for me.” “It will cost 10 __2__，” said Jamie. “If that's OK，” Mark __3__. Shoveling was Jamie's idea, a way to earn enough money for video games. “Oh, dear，” Mrs. Grady sounded __4__. “I haven't been able to get to the bank. I can __5__ homemade cookies, but I realize that's not what you had in __6__.” Jamie was going to say Mrs. Grady could __7__ them another time, but Mark __8__， “We'll come back later.” As they walked through the snow off the __9__， Mark glanced over his shoulder. Mrs Grady stood at her window, __10__ them. She didn't look like the person who'd come to his __11__ last summer when Mr. Dunn's dog, Goldie, escaped from his backyard. Goldie had __12__ wanted to play, but Mark didn't feel __13__ around big dogs. Mark tried to call for his dad, but his __14__ seemed locked behind his teeth. Mrs. Grady's front door flew open. She ran across the street and slipped __15__ Mark and the dog. She wasn't much __16__ than Mark, but she stood __17__ as a rock in front of him. “Goldie, go home！” Then she swept a broom to __18__ the dog along. “Get！” Goldie obeyed. When Mark's father appeared, he said to Mrs. Grady. “That was very __19__！ Thank you.” Mrs. Grady laughed. “It's nothing. Good neighbors watch for each other, don't they？” Now she needed Mark as much. He smiled and __20__ at her, then pushed his shovel deep into the snow. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Jamie 和 Mark 想替 Grady 太太清理车道上的积雪以挣 些钱玩视频游戏，然而 Grady 太太当时并没有那么多钱。但是最后，Mark 还是决定帮助 Grady 太太清理积雪，因为 Grady 太太曾经帮助 Mark 脱困。邻里之间就是需要相互帮忙的。 1．A.vital B．wonderful C．practical D．expensive 解析：选 B 根据下文“I think the job is too much for me.”可知，Grady 太太觉 得自己一个人干不完，所以如果这两个男孩能为她清理车道上的积雪是极好的。A 项意为 “至关重要的”；B 项意为“极好的”；C 项意为“现实的，实用的”；D项意为“昂贵的”。 故选 B。 2．A.hours B．dollars C．days D．cookies 解析：选 B 根据下文“a way to earn enough money for video games.”可知，Jamie 的意思是说 Grady 太太需要为他们的工作付 10 美元。故选 B。 3．A.added B．advised C．bargained D．concluded 解析：选 A 根据语境可知，Mark 对 Jamie 的话进行了补充。A 项意为“补充说”；B 项意为“建议”；C项意为“讨价还价”；D 项意为“断定”。故选 A。 4．A.satisfied B．uninterested C．considerate D．disappointed 解析：选 D 根据下文“I haven't been able to get to the bank.”可知，Grady 太太现在不能去银行，身上又没有那么多钱，但是她又希望这两个男孩能为她清理车道上的 积雪，所以她的语气听起来有些失望。A 项意为“满意的”；B 项意为“不感兴趣的”；C 项意为“考虑周到的”；D 项意为“失望的”。故选 D。 5．A.sell B．accept C．offer D．swap 解析：选 C 根据语境可知，Grady 太太想用自制的饼干作为他们清理车道上的积雪的 回报。A 项意为“卖”；B项意为“接受”；C 项意为“提供”；D 项意为“交换，交易”。 故选 C。 6．A.need B．store C．mind D．common 解析：选 C 根据上文“to earn enough money for video games”可知，两个男孩脑 中想要的并不是吃的东西，而是钱。A 项意为“需要”；B 项意为“商店”；C 项意为“头 脑，想法”；D项意为“公有地”。故选 C。 7．A.pay B．reward C．visit D．save 解析：选 A 根据语境可知，Grady 太太现在没有钱，所以 Jamie 想让她以后再付。A 项意为“支付”；B项意为“奖励”；C 项意为“参观”；D 项意为“节省”。故选 A。 8．A.turned up B．calmed down C．passed out D．broke in 解析：选 D 根据语境可知，就在 Jamie 准备对 Grady 太太说她可以以后再付钱的时候， Mark 打断了 Jamie 的话。A项意为“现身”；B 项意为“冷静下来”；C 项意为“昏迷”；D 项意为“打断”。故选 D。 9．A.bank B．door C．driveway D．window 解析：选 C 根据文中提到的“driveway”并结合语境可知，当时他们就站在堆满积雪 的车道旁，此处表示这两个男孩穿过积雪离开了车道。A项意为“银行”；B 项意为“门”； C项意为“车道”；D 项意为“窗户”。故选 C。 10．A.admiring B．watching C．inspecting D．blessing 解析：选 B 根据逻辑关系可判断出，Grady 太太站在窗户处看着这两个男孩。A 项意 为“钦佩”；B项意为“注视”；C 项意为“检查，视察”；D项意为“保佑”。故选 B。 11．A.rescue B．acquaintance C．company D．notice 解析：选 A 根据下文对 Grady 太太帮助 Mark 脱困一事的叙述并结合语境可知，此处 应表示Grady太太看起来不像是那种会去帮Mark脱困的人。A项意为“救援”；B项意为“认 识”；C 项意为“陪伴”；D 项意为“通知”。故选 A。 12．A.just B．seldom C．still D．never 解析：选 A 根据语境可知，那只狗只是想和 Mark 玩，但是 Mark 看见体型大的狗会不 舒服。故选 A。 13．A.confident B．comfortable C．energetic D．enthusiastic 解析：选 B 根据下文 Mark 拼命喊他爸爸可知，Mark 很害怕狗，一看到大狗就会感到 不舒服。A 项意为“自信的”；B项意为“舒服的”；C项意为“精力充沛的”；D 项意为“热 情的”。故选 B。 14．A.mouth B．nose C．throat D．tongue 解析：选 D 根据语境可知，Mark 想叫他爸爸来帮忙，但是他太紧张，以至于舌头像是 被锁住了一样说不出话来。A 项意为“嘴”；B 项意为“鼻子”；C 项意为“咽喉”；D项意 为“舌头”。故选 D。 15．A.under B．into C．between D．against 解析：选 C 根据常识并结合逻辑关系可判断出，Grady 太太是站在 Mark 和那条狗的中 间来帮助 Mark 脱困的，所以此处应用介词 between。故选 C。 16．A quicker B．taller C．cleverer D．better 解析：选 B 根据“but”及“as a rock in front of him”可知，Grady 太太并不比 Mark 高多少，但是她就像一块石头一样坚定地站在 Mark 的前面。此处是将 Grady 太太此刻 在 Mark 心目中的形象与石头做类比。故选 B。 17．A.straight B．attentively C．firm D．naturally 解析：选 C 根据石头的特性以及当时 Grady 太太在 Mark 心目中的形象可推断出，她 保护 Mark 时像石头一样坚定。A项意为“笔直地”；B 项意为“专心地”；C 项意为“坚定 地”；D 项意为“自然地”。故选 C。 18．A.clean B．pull C．kick D．hurry 解析：选 D 根据语境可知，Grady 太太挥舞着扫帚赶那条狗走。hurry along 为固定 搭配，意为“赶快走”。A 项意为“打扫，清洁”；B 项意为“拉”；C 项意为“踢”；D 项意为“仓促，催促”。故选 D。 19．A.brave B．generous C．unforgettable D．exciting 解析：选 A 根据上文 Grady 太太的举止并结合逻辑关系可判断出，Mark 的爸爸夸赞 Grady 太太很勇敢。A 项意为“勇敢的”；B 项意为“慷慨的”；C 项意为“无法忘记的”； D项意为“令人兴奋的”。故选 A。 20．A.stared B．pointed C．shouted D．waved 解析：选 D 根据语境可知，此刻 Mark 站在窗外的车道旁向 Grady 太太笑了笑并挥了 挥手，然后开始去铲雪了。选项中的动词和空格后的 at 可构成固定短语：stare at 意为“盯 着看”；point at 意为“指向”；shout at 意为“朝……大喊”；wave at 意为“朝…… 挥手”。故选 D。 完形填空专练(二) 记叙文(二) A (2016·郑州市高中毕业年级第二次质量预测) I had just started my second year studying at Cambridge University when I was faced with the news I had never expected. A lump in my neck __1__ out to be cancer. I would __2__ six months of chemotherapy (化疗)． After the shock, I was struck by this thought: my __3__ didn't have any room for cancer. I had so much I wanted to __4__ and so many goals I wanted to chase. I was faced with the __5__ job of telling my friends and family. Then, I had to decide whether to __6__ in Cambridge and take five exams at the end of the year. My doctor __7__ against it, and so did my parents and teachers. My doctors and teachers convinced me that taking some time off to __8__ and relax would be the best thing for me. I could not think of anything __9__. I did not want to __10__ a year of my life, receiving pity from those around me. Together with my parents, I tried to persuade the university to __11__ me to stay at Cambridge and study only half the course. At the end of the year I would take two exams. It was really a __12__ to persuade them to agree. Treatment began and I was up and down from Cambridge to London every other week. It made me feel __13__， but to a much lesser degree than I had expected. I was __14__ to read, eat and socialize exactly as I used to. I slept a lot and rested a lot, but I also worked hard at my studies. It gave me focus, and it also gave me purpose. Completing my __15__ at the end of term felt like a great personal victory. I took a __16__ to continue studying while undergoing treatment, and it __17__. I was successful in my exams — and more __18__， I made a full recovery. Every person facing a disease like cancer must make the __19__ that are right for them. I am __20__that I made the decision that was right for me. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。“我”在剑桥大学读书期间患上了癌症，医生和老师都 建议“我”休学治疗，但是“我”坚持边上学边治疗，最后“我”不仅顺利通过了考试，也 完全康复了。 1．A.stuck B．came C．turned D．worked 解析：选 C 根据空后的“out to be cancer”可以判断，“我”脖子上的肿块原来是 癌症；turn out to be 为固定搭配，意为“结果是，证明是”。 2．A.require B．expect C．sense D．arrange 解析：选 A 根据上句可知，“我”脖子上的肿块是癌症；根据常识可以判断，“我” 需要化疗。A 项意为“需要”，符合语境。 3．A.body B．memories C．family D．dreams 解析：选 D 根据空后的“I had so much ... I wanted to chase”可以判断，“我” 有许多梦想要实现(achieve)，有许多目标要追寻，“我”的梦想里没有什么空间可以放得 下癌症，故 D 项正确。 4．A.face B．achieve C．show D．understand 解析：选 B 参见上题解析。 5．A.necessary B．temporary C．difficult D．disappointing 解析：选 C 根据空后的“job of telling my friends and family”并结合语境可知， “我”患上癌症，将这个消息告诉朋友和家人是一件困难的事。故 C 项正确。 6．A.join B．treat C．settle D．continue 解析：选 D 根据空后的“take five exams at the end of the year”可知，此处表 示这时“我”要决定是否要继续在剑桥的学业。D 项意为“继续”，符合语境。 7．A.fought B．advised C．acted D．decided 解析：选 B 医生建议“我”不要继续读书。B 项意为“建议”，符合语境。 8．A.recover B．exercise C．study D．play 解析：选 A 医生和老师都认为休学对于“我”的康复和休息是最好的选择。A 项意为 “康复”，符合语境。 9．A.better B．worse C．more D．less 解析：选 B 根据语境可以判断，“我”很想留在剑桥继续上学，故此处表示“我”想 不到比休学更糟的事情了。B项意为“更糟的”，符合语境。 10．A.save B．spend C．take D．miss 解析：选 D 根据语境及空后的“receiving pity”可知，医生建议“我”休学，而 “我”不想失去一年的大学时光。D 项意为“错过，失去”，符合语境。 11．A.help B．remind C．allow D．invite 解析：选 C “我”努力说服学校同意“我”继续留在剑桥读书。allow sb. to do sth. 为固定搭配，意为“允许某人做某事”，故 C 项正确。A 项意为“帮助”，B项意为“提醒”， D项意为“邀请”，都与语境不符。 12．A.struggle B．failure C．burden D．trouble 解析：选 A 根据空后的“to persuade them to agree”可以判断，说服学校接受“我” 继续读书是一件难事。A 项意为“难事”，符合语境。B项意为“失败”，C项意为“重担”， D项意为“麻烦”，都与语境不符。 13．A.tired B．relaxed C．confident D．nervous 解析：选 A 根据上句中的“I was up and down from Cambridge to London every other week”可知，“我”每两周就要从剑桥到伦敦来回颠簸接受治疗；据此可判断，“我”感到 很疲劳。A项意为“疲劳的”，符合语境。 14．A.afraid B．ready C．able D．eager 解析：选 C 根据该句中的“as I used to ”可判断，“我”跟从前一样能够阅读、 吃饭和社交。C项意为“能够”，符合语境。 15．A.purpose B．projects C．treatment D．exams 解析：选 D 根据上文第五段的倒数第二句“At the end of the year I would take two exams”可知，“我”在年底要参加两场考试；据此可以判断，在期末完成考试对于“我” 来说就像是一个巨大的成功。D 项意为“考试”，符合语境。A 项意为“目的”，B 项意为 “项目”，C 项意为“治疗”，都与语境不符。 16．A.rest B．risk C．privilege D．job 解析：选 B 根据该句中的“continue studying while undergoing treatment”可以 判断，在治疗过程中，“我”继续上学，这是冒险的。B 项意为“风险”，符合语境，故 B 项正确。A项意为“休息”，C 项意为“特权”，D 项意为“工作”，都与语境不符。 17．A.ended up B．passed on C．paid off D．broke out 解析：选 C 根据下句中的“I was successful in my exams”可知，“我”考试成功 了，“我”的努力奏效了。C 项意为“取得成功，奏效”，符合语境。A项意为“最终成为”， B项意为“传给”，D 项意为“爆发”，都与语境不符。 18．A.clearly B．interestingly C．specifically D．importantly 解析：选 D 根据空后的“I made a full recovery”可知，更重要的是，“我”完全 康复了。D 项意为“重要地”，符合语境。A 项意为“清晰地”，B 项意为“有趣地”，C 项意为“特别地”，都与语境不符。 19．A.choices B．changes C．efforts D．chances 解析：选 A 通读上文可知，“我”在是否休学去接受治疗的问题上做出了正确的选择。 下文中的“I made the decision that was right for me ”是提示。A 项意为“选择”， 符合语境。 20．A.surprised B．excited C．determined D．proud 解析：选 D 根据该句中的“that I made the decision that was right for me”可 以判断，“我”对做出正确的选择感到骄傲。D 项意为“骄傲的”，符合语境。A 项意为“惊 奇的”，B项意为“兴奋的”，C 项意为“坚决的”，都与语境不符。 B (2016·福州市普通高中毕业班质量检查) For most of my adult life, I felt empty inside. That was just like there was a hole in my __1__. It didn't matter what I'd do after the excitement was gone. I really wanted to __2__ inner emptiness that filled me very much. __3__，I decided to find something to help in the __4__. After I looked around, I __5__ myself in the psychology section. To my amazement, I did find some __6__ books. I borrowed several books and began reading. I __7__ reading for several years. I enjoyed feeling __8__ my life was changing by putting what I learnt into practice. But I still had a vague feeling that I was __9__ something. When my son, Todd, was suddenly __10__ in a car accident, I was shocked and I came to the end of my “__11__”. I somehow got to know I __12__ much more than my own selfwill to __13__ the death of my son. I turned to my friends for help. I shared my __14__ with them, and they just brought something __15__ out of Todd's death. In an instant, I felt an amazing feeling of __16__. Over time, I started to notice the “empty feeling” I __17__ was completely gone. Inner emptiness __18__ a lack of one thing only: a lack of awareness of love. We live in a universe of love, which is always __19__ to us each, and you won't feel empty inside __20__ you know how to open yourself to that love. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者在自己成年生活的很多时候都会感到内心空虚，于 是作者通过读书的方式来摆脱这种空虚。后来，作者的儿子在一次车祸中丧生，作者最终在 朋友的帮助下走出阴影，摆脱了空虚，并认识到爱的力量是伟大的。 1．A.soul B．room C．life D．book 解析：选 A 根据第一段第一句中的“I felt empty inside.”可知，此处应指“那就 像我的内心有一个洞”，soul 意为“内心，心灵”，符合语境。故选 A。 2．A.catch sight of B．get rid of C．take advantage of D．make mention of 解析：选 B 上下文提到作者感到内心空虚，因此此处应指她很想摆脱这种充满内心的 空虚感。A 项意为“看见”；B 项意为“摆脱，除掉”；C 项意为“利用”；D 项意为“提到， 提及”。故选 B。 3．A.Still B．However C．Otherwise D．Therefore 解析：选 D 根据语境可知，作者想摆脱内心的空虚，因此她决定寻求帮助，therefore 连接上下文，表示因果关系。故选 D。 4．A.library B．bookstore C．section D．universe 解析：选 A 根据“I borrowed several books and began reading.”可知，作者是 在图书馆里寻找可以帮助她的书籍。故选 A。 5．A.enjoyed B．helped C．expressed D．found 解析：选 D 固定搭配 find oneself in ...意为“发觉自己处于……”，符合语境。 故选 D。 6．A.puzzling B．contemporary C．interesting D．controversial 解析：选 C 作者在图书馆找书是为了摆脱内心的空虚；由此可推知，她看有趣的书才 会有帮助。A项意为“令人困惑的”；B项意为“当代的”；C 项意为“有趣的”；D 项意为 “有争议的”。故选 C。 7．A.considered B．continued C．rejected D．remembered 解析：选 B 由本句中的时间状语“for several years”可知，作者一读就读了好几 年，因此 continued 符合语境。故选 B。 8．A.why B．how C．when D．where 解析：选 B 句意：我喜欢那种通过把我所学到的东西付诸实践来感受我的生活是如何 在发生变化的感觉。根据句意可知，how 符合语境。故选 B。 9．A.missing B．exploring C．searching D．appreciating 解析：选 A 上文提到作者的生活确实发生了变化，此处“But”承接上下文，并引出 下文不好的事情，B、C、D 三项都与“But”的语境不符，因此“我觉得遗失了一些东西” 符合语境。A 项意为“失去，思念”；B项意为“探索”；C 项意为“搜寻，寻找”；D项意 为“欣赏，感激”。故选 A。 10．A.disabled B．injured C．blinded D．killed 解析：选 D 根据下文中的“the death of my son”可知，作者的儿子 Todd 突然在一 次车祸中丧生。故选 D。 11．A.selfpity B．selfdoubt C．selfhelp D．selfinterest 解析：选 C 作者本来就内心空虚，因此她用读书的方式来摆脱空虚，但是儿子的死亡 使她感到自我救赎走到了尽头。A 项意为“自怜，自哀”；B 项意为“自我怀疑”；C 项意 为“自助，自立”；D 项意为“自私自利”。故选 C。 12．A.lost B．needed C．kept D．obtained 解析：选 B 根据语境可知，此时作者自己帮助自己摆脱空虚的方式已不起作用，她意 识到要接受儿子的死亡，自己需要的不仅仅是意志力。needed 符合语境。故选 B。 13．A.find out B．think about C．get across D．deal with 解析：选 D 根据语境可知，此处指对于儿子的死亡，作者意识到单凭意志让自己振作 起来已经远远不够。A 项意为“查明，找出”；B 项意为“考虑”；C 项意为“通过，被理 解，使生气”；D 项意为“对待，处理”。故选 D。 14．A.experience B．trouble C．sorrow D．worry 解析：选 C 根据语境可知，作者向朋友求助，向他们倾诉失去儿子的悲伤，因此 sorrow(悲伤)符合语境。故选 C。 15．A.positive B．responsible C．regretful D．enthusiastic 解析：选 A 根据下文可知，作者内心的空虚不复存在了，她还意识到了爱的力量；由 此可推知，作者的朋友们给她带来的是积极的因素。A 项意为“积极的，肯定的”；B 项意 为“负责任的”；C项意为“遗憾的，后悔的”；D 项意为“热情的”。故选 A。 16．A.emptiness B．kindness C．safety D．love 解析：选 D 上文提到作者的朋友们给她带来的是积极因素，是正能量，再结合下文作 者对爱的领悟可知，作者立刻感受到了令人惊异的爱的感觉，love 符合语境。故选 D。 17．A.had B．ignored C．knew D．inspired 解析：选 A 句意：经过一段时间，我开始注意到我以前的空虚的感觉完全不存在了。 因此，had(拥有)符合语境。故选 A。 18．A.relies on B．refers to C．comes from D．results in 解析：选 C 此处表明作者领悟到内心的空虚仅仅来自于一种东西的缺失，即缺少爱的 意识。A 项意为“依赖，依靠”；B 项意为“涉及，参考”；C 项意为“来自”；D 项意为“导 致”。故选 C。 19．A.admirable B．affordable C．available D．adjustable 解析：选 C 句意：我们生活在充满爱的宇宙中，爱对于我们每个人来说是可以拥有的。 A项意为“令人钦佩的”；B 项意为“负担得起的”；C 项意为“可获得的”；D 项意为“可 调节的”。故选 C。 20．A.after B．if C．though D．unless 解析：选 B 句意：如果你知道如何对爱敞开心扉，你就不会感到内心空虚了。if 引导 条件状语从句，符合语境。故选 B。 完形填空专练(三) 夹叙夹议文(一) A (2016·江西省重点中学协作体高三第一次联考)One early morning, in June, last year, it was sunny. I was __1__ my son at school when I saw a little girl wearing a Tshirt with the word “Titanic” written on the front. __2__ the school uniform policy, I believed this meant that the girl belonged to a class team called “Titanic”. As I pulled out of the school, I couldn't __3__ but ask myself why the students would __4__ their team “Titanic” and expect it to be __5__. I watched the movie, __6__ my kids who forced me to watch it with them. Looking at the screen, the __7__ came to me: What sunk the Titanic? Was it because the ship was not well __8__？ Or was it because the owner was overconfident? In my view, the ship sunk due to a __9__ of many reasons. To start with, the owner of the ship assumed his ship was too modern and too solid to sink. That was his first mistake. In life, nothing is __10__. Life can change in the __11__ of an eye and however prepared you are, you might need to __12__ the possibility of a sinking ship. Mistake number two was that the ship had more people __13__ than the lifeboats on the ship could carry. __14__， this was because the owner was overconfident about his vessel. Or he was just careless and __15__ of the danger of not having enough rescue tools. The biggest lesson we learn from this mistake is this: never __16__ more than you can chew — like somebody said, “Nobody looks __17__ when spitting it back out.” This goes for __18__ too. Those overconfident attitudes and lazy tendencies are icebergs __19__ to hit and sink your ship. Keep in mind that confidence is good but overconfidence always __20__ the ship down in the end. 语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者看到一个女生穿着印有“Titanic”字样的 T 恤衫，进而探讨了泰坦尼克号沉没的原因。 1．A.leaving B．dropping C．picking D．taking 解析：选 B 根据上文中的“One early morning”可知，作者应是送儿子去学校，此 处指作者让儿子下车。A 项意为“离开”；B 项意为“让……下车”；C项意为“挑选”；D 项意为“带走”。故选 B。 2．A.Following B．Hearing C．Neglecting D．Knowing 解析：选 D 根据下文“I believed this meant that the girl belonged to a class team called ‘Titanic’”可知，作者了解儿子所上学校的校服政策。故选 D。 3．A.help B．imagine C．think D．wonder 解析：选 A 根据语境可知，此处指作者不得不问自己，为什么那些学生将他们的小组 命名为“Titanic”。could/can not help but do sth.是固定句式，意为“不得不做某事”， 符合语境。故选 A。 4．A.name B．award C．fix D．set 解析：选 A 根据上文中的“called ‘Titanic’”可知，那群学生将他们的小组命名 为“Titanic”。故选 A。 5．A.smooth B.successful C．useful D．reliable 解析：选 B 根据语境可知，作者在想，为什么那群学生将自己的小组命名为 “Titanic”这样一个含悲剧色彩的名字，甚至还期望自己的小组会获胜呢。A 项意为“平 滑的”；B项意为“成功的”；C 项意为“有用的”；D 项意为“可靠的”。故选 B。 6．A.thanks to B．followed by C．resulting in D．caused by 解析：选 A 根据语境及逻辑关系可推知，作者庆幸自己的孩子迫使自己和他们一起去 看了《泰坦尼克号》这部电影，才让他对泰坦尼克号沉没的原因有如此深刻的理解和启发。 A项意为“多亏，幸好”；B 项意为“被……跟着”；C 项意为“导致”；D 项意为“由…… 造成”。故选 A。 7．A.suggestion B.doubt C．curiosity D.demand 解析：选 B 根据空格后的“...What sunk the Titanic？”可推知，作者心中有些疑 问。A项意为“建议”；B 项意为“怀疑”；C 项意为“好奇心”；D 项意为“要求”。故选 B。 8．A.lucky B.prepared C．good D．advanced 解析：选 B 句意：是因为这艘船还没准备好吗？或者是因为这艘船的船主过分自信 了？prepared 符合语境。故选 B。 9．A.mixture B.cause C．result D.combination 解析：选 D 根据上一段及下文叙述可知，作者认为，泰坦尼克号的沉没是多种原因结 合在一起所造成的。A项意为“混合”；B项意为“原因”；C 项意为“结果”；D 项意为“结 合”。故选 D。 10．A.safe B.guaranteed C．unexpected D．impossible 解析：选 B 根据下文中的“Life can change in the ________ of an eye and however prepared you are”可知，此处指在生活中，没有什么事情是有保证的。A项意为“安全的”； B项意为“有保证的，确定的”；C 项意为“出乎意料的”；D 项意为“不可能的”。故选 B。 11．A.opening B．staring C．twinkling D．glancing 解析：选 C 根据语境可知，不管你准备得如何，生活在眨眼之间就可能发生变化。in the twinkling of an eye 是固定短语，意为“眨眼之间”，符合语境。A项意为“打开”； B 项意为“凝视”；C 项意为“闪耀，闪烁，发光”；D 项意为“瞥，迅速地看一眼”。故 选 C。 12．A.show up B.cope with C．leave behind D．cover up 解析：选 B 根据语境可知，此处应指生活瞬息万变，不管自己准备得如何，可能都得 去应付船随时都会沉没的可能。A 项意为“出现”；B 项意为“应对”；C 项意为“把…… 抛在后面”；D项意为“盖住”。故选 B。 13．A.on board B．in line C．on the top D.on upload 解析：选 A 根据语境可知，当时登上泰坦尼克号的乘客的数量远远超出了它的救生船 所能运载的人数。A 项意为“在船上”；B 项意为“成一直线”；C 项意为“在顶部”；D 项意为“在上传”。故选 A。 14．A.Meanwhile B.Again C．Instead D．Besides 解析：选 B 根据第三段可知，作者认为，船长犯的第一个错误是他认为自己的船很先 进、很坚固，根本不可能沉没，这也就是说他有些过于自信了，而此处作者认为船主的第二 个错误还是过于自信。故选 B。 15．A.forgetting B.unknowing C．ignorant D．nonreminded 解析：选 C 句意：或者他只是粗心，不清楚没有足够的营救工具的危险。be ignorant of 是固定短语，意为“不了解，不清楚”，符合句意。故选 C。 16．A.put off B．cut off C．bite off D.call off 解析：选 C 根据上文中描述的第二个错误：船上的人数远远超出了救生船所能运载的 人数可知，此处应指从这个错误中学到的最大教训是：咬下的食物绝不要超过你所能咀嚼的 量(即贪多嚼不烂)。A 项意为“推迟”；B项意为“切掉”；C 项意为“咬下”；D 项意为“取 消”。故选 C。 17．A.humorous B.generous C．small D．attractive 解析：选 D 根据空格后的“when spitting it back out”可知，此处应指在呕吐的 时候，没有人是迷人的。故选 D。 18．A.contributions B.contests C．relationships D.celebrations 解析：选 C 根据下文中的“overconfident attitudes and lazy tendencies”可知， 此处应指泰坦尼克号的教训也适用于人际关系。故选 C。 19．A.waiting B.beginning C．wanting D.expecting 解析：选 A 句意：过于自信的态度和马虎的性格就是等着将你的船击沉的冰山。故选 A。 20．A.overturns B．destroys C．disappears D.drops 解析：选 D 句意：要牢记：有自信是好的，但过于自信在最后总是会使船沉没。drop sth. down 是固定短语，意为“使……落下”，此处表示使船沉没，符合句意。故选 D。 B (2016·安徽省六校高三学生素质测试) Next autumn, when you see geese heading south for the winter, flying along in “V” formation, you might consider what science has discovered as to why they fly that way. __1__ each bird flaps its wings, it creates uplift for the bird__2__ following. By flying in “V” formation, the whole flock (群)__3__ at least 71 percent greater flying range than if each bird flew __4__. When a goose falls out of formation, it suddenly feels the drag and __5__ of trying to go alone — and quickly gets back into formation to take __6__ of the powerful lifting of the bird in front. When the head goose gets __7__， it goes back in the wing and another goose flies to the point. Geese honk (雁叫) from behind to __8__ those up front to keep up their __9__. Finally — and this is important — when a goose gets sick or is wounded by gunshot, and falls out of __10__，two other geese fall out with that goose and __11__ it down to__12__ help and protection. They stay with the fallen goose __13__ it is able to fly or it dies, and __14__ do they launch out on their own, or __15__ another formation to catch up with their own. People who share __16__ direction and sense of community can get __17__ they are going more quickly and easily, because they are traveling on the pushing force of one another. If we have as much sense as a goose, we will stay in formation with those people who are __18__ in the same __19__ as we are. If we have the sense of a goose, we will __20__ each other like that. 语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。大雁飞成“V”字队形，是因为在前面飞的大雁拍 打翅膀时能为后面紧跟着的大雁创造上升的气流，这样它们就能飞得快、飞得远。人类应该 向大雁学习，互相帮助，劲往一处使。 1．A.Before B．After C．As D．Since 解析：选 C 根据常识可知，每只鸟在拍打翅膀的时候，都会为其后的鸟创造出一种浮 力。此处应用 as 引导这个时间状语从句，意为“在……的时候”。故选 C。 2．A.distantly B．immediately C．suddenly D．naturally 解析：选 B 根据常识可知，每只鸟在拍打翅膀的时候，应是会为紧随其后的那只鸟创 造出一种浮力。A项意为“在远处”；B 项意为“紧接，立即”；C 项意为“突然”；D 项意 为“自然地”。故选 B。 3．A.forms B．adds C．decreases D．shortens 解析：选 B 根据语境可知，雁群借助“V”字队形飞行，它们的飞行里程至少要比孤 雁单飞时的里程增加 71%。A 项意为“形成”；B 项意为“增加”；C项意为“减少”；D项 意为“缩短”。故选 B。 4．A.on its own B．at random C．without aim D．at ease 解析：选 A 根据上文“the whole flock (群)”和“each bird”之间的对比关系可 知，此处应指孤雁单飞。A 项意为“独自”；B项意为“随意”；C 项意为“无目标地”；D 项意为“舒适”。故选 A。 5．A.excitement B．attempt C．temptation D．resistance 解析：选 D 根据与空格处是并列关系的词“drag”和下文中的“quickly gets back into formation”可知，此处指一只大雁脱离队伍时，会立即感到有一股空气阻力阻止它单 独飞行。A 项意为“兴奋”；B 项意为“尝试”；C 项意为“诱惑”；D 项意为“抵抗”。故 选 D。 6．A.control B．charge C．advantage D．place 解析：选 C 根据上文中的“it creates uplift for the bird ________ following” 可知，前一只大雁为后一只大雁创造浮力，故此处应指掉队的大雁利用前一个伙伴给自己创 造的浮力很快回到了雁队中。take advantage of 是固定短语，意为“利用”，符合语境。 故选 C。 7．A.hungry B．thirsty C．sick D．tired 解析：选 D 根据语境可知，此处指头雁飞累了，就会回到侧翼，另一只大雁则会飞到 前面充当领队。故选 D。 8．A.remind B．encourage C．require D．warn 解析：选 B 根据语境可知，领队的大雁很容易飞累，故此处应指后面的大雁用叫声鼓 励前面的同伴保持速度。故选 B。 9．A.image B．formation C．speed D．distance 解析：选 C 根据语境可知，此处应指后面的大雁用叫声鼓励前面的同伴保持速度。A 项意为“形象”；B项意为“队形”；C 项意为“速度”；D 项意为“距离”。故选 C。 10．A.control B．order C．formation D．work 解析：选 C 根据上文中的“a goose gets sick or is wounded by gunshot, and falls out”可知，此处应指大雁因生病或受到了枪击掉队了。A 项意为“控制”；B 项意为“秩序， 结构”；C项意为“队形”；D 项意为“工作”。故选 C。 11．A.follow B．drive C．pull D．lay 解析：选 A 根据“They stay with the fallen goose ...”可知，此处应指有两只 大雁会跟着受伤或生病的大雁一起落到地上。故选 A。 12．A.beg B．lend C．desire D．supply 解析：选 B 根据语境可知，此处应指有两只大雁会跟着受伤或生病的大雁一起落到地 上，给予它帮助和保护。A 项意为“乞求”；B 项意为“给予，提供(帮助、支持等)”；C 项意为“渴望”；D项意为“(尤指大量)供应”。故选 B。 13．A.when B．unless C．since D．until 解析：选 D 根据逻辑关系可判断出，那两只大雁会与掉队的大雁待在一起，直到它能 够展翅高飞或者死去为止。此处应用 until 引导这个时间状语从句，意为“直到……时候”。 故选 D。 14．A.only if B．even so C．only then D．at no time 解析：选 C 根据上下文语境可知，只有在那只掉队的大雁能够展翅高飞或死去的时候， 它们才会再次飞走。故选 C。注意：当“only＋状语”结构位于句首时，句子用部分倒装。 15．A.with B．by C．for D．against 解析：选 A 根据语境可知，此处应指掉队的大雁追赶自己队伍的两种方式：自己独飞 或加入另一个雁群。with 意为“和……在一起”，符合语境。故选 A。 16．A.different B．clear C．common D．unusual 解析：选 C 根据空格后的“sense of community”可知，此处应指目标一致。A 项意 为“不同的”；B 项意为“清楚的”；C 项意为“共同的”；D 项意为“不同寻常的”。故 选 C。 17．A.what B．when C．where D．how 解析：选 C 分析句子结构可知，此处应用 where 引导这个地点状语从句，where 在从 句中作地点状语。故选 C。 18．A.walking B．heading C．dreaming D．escaping 解析：选 B 根据上文列举大雁的例子可知，同一个队伍里的大雁都是朝同一个方向飞 行。A项意为“散步”；B 项意为“朝……行进”；C项意为“做梦，梦想”；D项意为“逃 脱”。故选 B。 19．A.way B．direction C．field D．work 解析：选 B 根据上文中的“we have as much sense as a goose”和上文描述的同一 队伍里的大雁会朝着同一方向飞行可知，我们会和那些与我们的目的地一致、方向一致的人 待在同一个队伍里。A项意为“方式”；B项意为“方向”；C 项意为“领域”；D 项意为“工 作”。故选 B。 20．A.stand by B．get to know C．compete with D．believe in 解析：选 A 根据语境可知，此处指如果我们拥有大雁那样的意识，我们也会像它们那 样互相帮助。A项意为“支持，帮助”；B项意为“逐渐了解”；C 项意为“和……竞争”； D项意为“信任”。故选 A。 完形填空专练(四) 夹叙夹议文(二) A (2016·济南市 3 月高考模拟考试)One Monday evening, I received a direct message from a boy who found a mean message in his locker. He took a picture of it and sent it to me asking for __1__. I asked him to meet me the following morning. A few hours later I __2__ on the Internet that he had posted the picture of the mean note and asked if anyone __3__ who it was. I thought it was __4__ of the boy to find it out via social media. The next day the boy came to me and another __5__ was with him. The boy showed me another note he had __6__. But this was a beautiful, heartfelt __7__. I asked him if he knew who had done it, and the boy who came with him __8__，“It was me. I don't know why I did it, __9__ I know it was wrong and not at all kind. So I wrote him this note. I also wrote 150 notes with __10__ sayings and put them in all the lockers. I just __11__ to do something to make up for my __12__.” My heart felt full of pride and love for this __13__ boy. I told him how courageous it was for him to come __14__ and how amazing it was that he did something kind in return to try to balance his __15__. I turned to the boy who received both notes and asked him if he also __16__ the bravery and could forgive. Without __17__， he said, “Yes, definitely. And __18__ anyone tries to be mean to him for making a bad choice, I will stand up to him.” These two boys __19__ me that coming forward when we need help is important, and coming forward to __20__ a wrong is vital. 语篇解读：本文主要讲述了两个男孩儿解决冲突的故事。 1．A.support B．money C．help D．comfort 解析：选 C 根据下文的“These two boys ________ me that coming forward when we need help is important”可知，男孩儿是在向作者求助。 2．A.noticed B．realized C．concluded D．declared 解析：选 A 根据“on the Internet”可推知，作者注意到(noticed)了网上的情况。 realize“认识到”，conclude“断定”，declare“宣布”，均不符合语境。 3．A.agreed B．predicted C．knew D．imagined 解析：选 C 根据下文中的“I asked him if he knew who had done it”可知，那个 男孩儿在网上发布照片，询问是否有人知道这是谁干的。 4．A.patient B．smart C．honest D．reliable 解析：选 B 根据下文可知，男孩儿通过网络很快找到了始作俑者，因此作者认为男孩 儿很聪明。 5．A.boy B．teacher C．girl D．advisor 解析：选 A 与下文的“the boy who came with him”呼应可知，来了两个男孩儿。 6．A.written B．lost C．received D．selected 解析：选 C 与上文的“One Monday evening, I received a direct message from a boy who found a mean message in his locker”可推知，男孩儿又收到(received)了一个 便条。 7．A.invitation B．wish C．greeting D．apology 解析：选 D 根据下文的“I just ________ to do something to make up for my ________ ”可推知，对方写了一个便条以表达他真诚的道歉。 8．A.replied B．added C．shouted D．argued 解析：选 A 根据“It was me”可知，犯错的男孩儿回答了作者的问题。 9．A.so B．for C．or D．but 解析：选 D 根据语境可知，上下句表示逻辑上的转折关系。 10．A.simple B．kind C．specific D．cautious 解析：选 B 根据上文的“I know it was wrong and not at all kind”可知，犯错 的男孩儿希望用友好的语言来得到原谅。 11．A.wanted B．continued C．failed D．refused 解析：选 A 根据语境可知，犯错的男孩儿想(wanted)做些事情去弥补自己的错误。 12．A.carelessness B．loneliness C．meanness D．sadness 解析：选 C 与上文的“a mean message”呼应可知，C 项正确。 13．A.special B．unique C．wise D．brave 解析：选 D 与下文的“I told him how courageous it was for him”呼应可知，作 者认为承认错误的这个男孩儿很勇敢。 14．A.along B．forward C．back D．out 解析：选 B 根据最后一段中两次出现的“coming forward”可推知，B 项正确。 15．A.mistake B．loss C．belief D．value 解析：选 A 犯错的男孩儿想做些事去弥补自己的过错。 16．A.compared B．challenged C．presented D．recognized 解析：选 D 根据“and could forgive”可推知，作者希望求助的男孩儿也能够赏识 犯错男孩儿的这种勇气并原谅他。recognize 意为“接受；赏识”，符合语境。 17．A.difficulty B．doubt C．hesitation D．fear 解析：选 C 根据“Yes, definitely”可推知，男孩儿毫不犹豫地做了回答。without hesitation 意为“毫不犹豫地”。 18．A.although B．if C．because D．until 解析：选 B 根据语境可知，上下句表示逻辑上的条件关系，故用 if 引导条件状语从 句。 19．A.promised B．warned C．showed D．informed 解析：选 C 根据语境可知，两个男孩儿的行为向作者展示了一个道理。 20．A.discover B．conduct C．judge D．admit 解析：选 D 由“a wrong”并结合上文内容可推知，此处表示承认错误，故选 D。 B (2016·石家庄市高三复习教学质量检测二) If life were a book and you were the author, how would you like the story to go? That is the question that __1__ my life forever. One day I went home from the training of snowboarding with what I thought was the flu, and less than 2 hours later, I was in a __2__ on life support with less than two percent __3__ of living. It wasn't until days later that the doctors diagnosed me with a __4__ blood infection. Over the __5__ of 2.5 months, I lost the hearing in my left ear and both my legs below the knee. When my parents __6__ me out of the hospital, I __7__ that I had been put together like a patchwork (拼 缝物) doll and I had to live with __8__ legs. I was absolutely physically and emotionally broken, __9__ streaming down. But I knew in order to move forward, I had to let go of the Old Amy and __10__ the New Amy. It was at this moment that I asked myself that significant __11__. And that is when it __12__ me that I didn't have to be fivefootfive anymore, __13__ I could be as tall as I wanted. And __14__ of all, I can make my feet the size of all the shoes.So there were __15__ here. Four months later, I was back upon a __16__. And this February, I won two Board World Cup gold medals, __17__ me the highest ranked snowboarder in the world. So, instead of looking at our __18__ and our limitations as something __19__ or bad, we can begin looking at them as a wonderful __20__ that can be used to help us go further than we ever know we could go. 语篇解读：本文作者用自己的故事讲述了一个人生哲理——人生不设限，即使身体残缺 也能绽放迷人的光芒。 1．A.saved B．risked C．ruined D．changed 解析：选 D 通读全文可知，因为勇于面对生活，作者才从失去听力和双腿的困境中走 出来，故选 changed。 2．A.hospital B．club C．field D．stadium 解析：选 A 下文的“the doctors diagnosed me with”表明作者住进了医院。 3．A.thought B．degree C．chance D．decision 解析：选 C 依据本句中的“less than two percent”和“of living”可推测出作者 的病情严重，生还的可能性小于 2%。 4．A.mild B．severe C．potential D．slight 解析：选 B 生还的可能性小于 2%暗示着作者的病情严重，severe 表示“严重的”。 5．A.journey B．break C．course D．schedule 解析：选 C 依据下文的“When my parents ________ me out of the hospital”可 知，在住院期间作者的左耳失去听力，course 表示“过程，时期”。 6．A.wheeled B．dragged C．pulled D．delivered 解析：选 A 上文的“I lost ... my legs below the knee”暗示着出院时，作者的 父母要用轮椅推着她。 7．A.made sure B．felt like C．worked out D．put forward 解析：选 B “that I had been put together like a patchwork (拼缝物) doll” 是作者形象的比喻，feel like 表示“感觉好像……”。 8．A.muscled B．heavy C．shapely D．false 解析：选 D 由上文的“I lost ... both my legs below the knee”可知，作者今后 的生活要用假肢，false 表示“假的，人造的”。 9．A.blood B．sweat C．tears D．water 解析：选 C 一场大病使作者成为残疾人，她感到绝望，故泪流满面。 10．A.hug B．recognize C．fix D．introduce 解析：选 A 与本句中的“I had to let go of the Old Amy”形成对比，此处指放开 曾经的 Amy，拥抱新的 Amy。 11．A.plan B．question C．information D．favor 解析：选 B 文章第一段中的“That is the question that ________ my life forever” 是提示。 12．A.dawned on B．knocked into C．depended on D．looked into 解析：选 A 作者开始明白自己再也不是那个 5.5 英尺高的人了。It dawns on sb. that ... 表示“某人开始明白……”。 13．A.although B．so C．while D．but 解析：选 D 分析上下文可知，空处表转折，选 but。while 表转折时，意为“然而”， 是两个事物的对比，故排除 while。 14．A.first B．strangest C．best D．luckiest 解析：选 C 更好的一点是作者可以随意选择鞋子的尺码。best of all 表示“更好的 是”。 15．A.struggles B．benefits C．rewards D．conflicts 解析：选 B 由上文可知，作者用乐观的心态讲述失去双腿的好处，故选 benefits。 16．A.stage B．snowboard C．track D．playground 解析：选 B 第二段开头提到的“the training of snowboarding”与下文的“the highest ranked snowboarder”表明，作者又回到了滑雪训练场上。 17．A.allowing B．giving C．calling D．making 解析：选 D 依据“I won two Board World Cup gold medals”可知，两次赢得金牌 使作者成为世界排名最前的滑雪运动员。make sb. sth.表示“使……成为……”。 18．A.challenges B．achievements C．devotions D．hesitations 解析：选 A 上文表明作者遇到困境并结合下文的“limitations”可知，选 challenges。 19．A.active B．amazing C．negative D．terminal 解析：选 C 句中的“or bad”表明该空的词是一个负面的词，故选 negative。 20．A.ability B．skill C．tool D．gift 解析：选 D 我们应把困难看作上天赐予的礼物，用这份礼物帮助我们走得更远。 完形填空专练(五) 说明文 A (2016·河北省衡水中学高三一调考试)Laziness is a state of inaction. It is something that you do, not something that you are. Being lazy means you have no __1__ to do anything.Many people are __2__ themselves to be someone who is lazy. In this article, I am going to __3__ with you something that will help you see this state of inaction in a(n) __4__ way. Lazy people are often seen as useless. __5__， are they really being lazy or are they acting lazy？Acting lazy is suggesting that your laziness is __6__. But being lazy suggests that it lasts long. Many people are not really lazy; they __7__ are people who are temporarily acting that way. So what __8__ a person to be inactive? The answer is a lack of goals. If you give someone a good enough __9__ to do something, he will do it. People who don't __10__ to do anything just haven't found a good enough reason to do it. __11__ students don't study because they don't see the __12__ in studying. If you give them a reason, a strong enough reason, they will take __13__. For example, if you are too lazy to go to the gym, would you go if someone __14__ you a million dollars to go? If you are too lazy to clean out the garage, would someone __15__ a gun to your head help you take action? The reason can be positive or negative __16__ it's strong enough to induce (引起) action. The bottom line of knowing how to __17__ laziness comes down to finding enough reasons to take action. Action will __18__ success while inaction will result in __19__. To motivate someone who is lazy, what you need to do is to help him find enough __20__ to work towards a certain goal. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。主要说明了懒惰是一种无所事事的状态，分析了懒惰的 原因，并提出了相应的改进措施。 1．A.courage B．question C．time D．motivation 解析：选 D 根据语境可知，懒惰意味着你没有做任何事情的动力。根据文章最后一句 中的“To motivate someone who is lazy”可推知，此处应选 motivation，意为“动机， 兴趣”。故选 D。 2．A.agreeing B．denying C．considering D．refusing 解析：选 C 根据语境可知，许多人认为自己是个懒惰的人。consider sb. to be sth./sb. 为固定用法，意为“认为……是……”，符合句意。故选 C。 3．A.argue B．share C．compete D．compare 解析：选 B 根据语境可知，此处表示，在此文中，“我”将与你分享一些东西让你认 清这种不作为的状态。share with 为固定搭配，意为“与……分享”，符合语境。故选 B。 4．A.different B．interesting C．ordinary D．primary 解析：选 A 根据下文所讲的内容可知，此处表示“我”将以不同的方式让人认识这种 不作为的状态。A 项意为“不同的”，符合语境。故选 A。 5．A.Otherwise B．Besides C．However D．Therefore 解析：选 C 根据语境可知，懒惰的人常常被认为一无是处。然而，他们是真的懒惰还 是表现得懒惰呢？前后表示转折，且用逗号隔开，故应用转折副词 however 连接。故选 C。 6．A.correct B．false C．temporary D．inspirational 解析：选 C 根据语境可知，不愿意做事表明你是一时懒惰，但是一直懒惰却表明懒惰 是经常性的。由“But”一词可知，此处应与“lasts long”形成对比，且与下文 “temporarily acting that way”照应。故此处应指“暂时的”，C 项符合语境。故选 C。 7．A.simply B．occasionally C．often D．hardly 解析：选 A 根据语境可知，许多人并不是真的懒惰，他们只是暂时想懒散一下罢了。 此处与上文中的“really”形成对比。A 项意为“只是”，符合语境。故选 A。 8．A.stops B．causes C．discourages D．demands 解析：选 B 根据下文“The answer is a lack of goals.”可知，此处指的应该是其 原因，即是什么让一个人变得不作为呢？B项意为“引起”，符合语境。故选 B。 9．A.worry B．gift C．fear D．purpose 解析：选 D 上文说一个人不作为是因为缺乏目标 ，此处表示如果你给某个人足够明 确的目标去做些事情，他一定会去做。D 项意为“目标”，符合语境。故选 D。 10．A.want B．devote C．take D．come 解析：选 A 根据语境可知，不想做事的人只是没有找到一个足够好的理由去做事。A 项意为“想要”，符合语境。故选 A。 11．A.Hardworking B．Lazy C．Young D．Confused 解析：选 B 上文主要讲的是懒惰的人及其懒惰的原因。根据上下文可知，不学习的学 生应该是懒惰的学生。故选 B。 12．A.point B．success C．situation D．difficulty 解析：选 A 根据语境可知，懒惰的学生不学习是因为他们没有看出学习的意义。the point in doing sth.意为“做某事的意义”，符合语境。故选 A。 13．A.part B．place C．action D．control 解析：选 C 根据语境可知，如果你给他们一个理由，一个有足够说服力的理由，他们 肯定会采取行动。此处与上文的“he will do it”相照应。take action 为固定搭配，意 为“采取行动”，符合语境。故选 C。 14．A.lent B．owed C．borrowed D．offered 解析：选 D 句意：比如，如果你太懒惰了以至于不想去体育馆，那么，有人主动给你 一百万美元你愿意去吗？D 项意为“主动提供”，符合语境。故选 D。 15．A.firing B．pointing C．shooting D．hiding 解析：选 B 句意：如果你太懒惰了以至于不愿意清理车库，那么有人拿枪指着你的头 会让你采取行动吗？point ...to 意为“把……指向……”，符合语境，故选 B。 16．A.so that B．as soon as C．in spite of D．as long as 解析：选 D 根据语境可知，无论原因是积极主动的还是消极被动的，只要理由充分， 就足以让你采取行动。D项意为“只要，如果”，引导条件状语从句，符合语境。故选 D。 17．A.win B．fight C．overcome D．ban 解析：选 C 上文分析了懒惰的表现和原因，文章最后一段讲的是如何克服懒惰情绪。 根据语境可知，此处应表示如何克服懒惰，归根结底是要找到足够的理由采取行动。C 项意 为“克服”，符合语境。故选 C。 18．A.result from B．fight for C．ask for D．lead to 解析：选 D 根据语境以及逻辑关系可知，行动会带来成功。D项意为“导致，引起”， 符合语境。故选 D。 19．A.influence B．failure C．pressure D．happiness 解析：选 B 根据语境可知，此处应与上半句中的“success”形成对比，表示“不作 为将会导致失败”。B 项意为“失败”，符合语境。故选 B。 20．A.reasons B．money C．energy D．confidence 解析：选 A 根据语境可知，为了激发懒惰的人，你需要做的就是帮助他找到足够的理 由朝着目标奋斗。A项意为“理由”，在上文也多次出现，符合语境。故选 A。 B (2016·广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试二) Ecotourism involves people traveling to beautiful but environmental sensitive places. Such trips are __1__ carried out with an experienced guide. Over recent years, this type of travel has been steadily gaining __2__ as more people search for new travel experiences. Ecotourism has many benefits. First, all the__3__spent by the tourists is used to __4__the important environmental spots they visit. Second, it helps __5__ to better understand the environment, thereby __6__their knowledge of the world. Furthermore, this style of travel is also more __7__ of the local culture. Compared to __8__tourists, ecotourists use energy more efficiently, save water and produce less rubbish by finding ways to __9__ it. These behaviours have a__10__ and lasting effect on the local environment. Two things are needed to make ecotourism a/an__11__. First, it should be done in small groups. And second, because it requires considerable effort, both ecotourists and locals must be __12__ in their commitment to improving the environment. Green travel provides local people with jobs in parks, __13__and shops. One great achievement of ecotourism has been the __14__of illegal hunting. Former hunters can now work as guides to help keep the animals__15__ in their natural surroundings. Green travel also __16__ local people's quality of life, especially children's. Peru is one country using ecotourism to promote respect for the__17__. It's now able to take better care of its rainforests because of a/an __18__on more sustainable (可持续的) travel. __19__ this, local people's livingstandards have improved. Many others are now following Peru's __20__ and using ecotourism to preserve their environment for the future generations. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。近几年生态旅游越来越受到大家的青睐，文章重点陈述 了生态游的好处。 1．A.finally B．usually C．suddenly D．roughly 解析：选 B 根据下文“Over recent years, this type of travel has been steadily gaining”可知，这样的旅行通常在有经验的导游帮助下进行。A项意为“终于”；B项意为 “通常”；C 项意为“突然”；D 项意为“粗糙地”。故 B 项正确。 2．A.pleasure B．satisfaction C．popularity D．freedom 解析：选 C 根据下文“more people search for new travel experiences”可知， 更多的人寻求新的旅游体验，所以这种旅行受到大家的欢迎。A 项意为“快乐，令人高兴的 事”；B 项意为“满意”；C 项意为“普及，受欢迎”；D项意为“自由”。故 C项正确。 3．A.money B．time C．energy D．effort 解析：选 A 根据下文“is used to ________ the important environmental spots they visit”可知，游客所花的钱被用于重要的生态景点。A 项意为“金钱”；B项意为“时间”； C项意为“精力”；D 项意为“努力”。故 A 项正确。 4．A.pollute B．protect C．purchase D．explore 解析：选 B 根据语境并结合选项可知，游客所花的钱被用来保护生态景点。A 项意为 “污染”；B 项意为“保护”；C 项意为“购买”；D项意为“探索”。故 B项正确。 5．A.scientists B．hunters C．guides D．visitors 解析：选 D 根据常识可知，应该是生态旅游有助于游客更好地了解自然环境。A 项意 为“科学家”；B 项意为“猎人”；C 项意为“向导”；D项意为“游客”。故 D项正确。 6．A.approving B．confirming C．enriching D．supporting 解析：选 C 根据上文“better understand the environment, thereby”可知，生态 旅游帮助游客更好地了解自然环境，因此能够丰富他们的知识。A 项意为“批准”；B 项意 为“确认”；C项意为“丰富”；D 项意为“支持”。故 C 项正确。 7．A.respectful B．aware C．uncertain D．independent 解析：选 A 根据上文可知，生态游帮助游客了解、保护自然环境，对当地的文化是一 种尊重。A项意为“尊敬的”；B项意为“意识到的，知晓的”；C 项意为“不确信的”；D 项意为“独立的”。故 A项正确。 8．A.rich B．curious C．lazy D．normal 解析：选 D 根据空格前的“Compared to”及语境可知，此处指与一般游客相比，生 态游客能更有效地使用资源、节约用水等。A 项意为“富有的”；B 项意为“好奇的”；C 项意为“懒惰的”；D 项意为“一般的，正常的”。故 D项正确。 9．A.use B．recycle C．copy D．restrict 解析：选 B 根据语境可知，他们想办法循环利用资源，目的是减少垃圾的产生。A 项 意为“使用”；B 项意为“循环利用”；C 项意为“复制”；D 项意为“限制”。故 B 项正 确。 10．A.challenging B．disappointing C．positive D．risky 解析：选 C 根据上文及空格后的“lasting effect on the local environment”可 知，这些行为对当地环境有积极持久的意义。A 项意为“具有挑战性的”；B项意为“令人 失望的”；C 项意为“积极的”；D 项意为“危险的”。故 C 项正确。 11．A.success B．adventure C．tool D．symbol 解析：选 A 根据上文提到的两点可知，人们需要做到这两点才会让生态游成功。A 项 意为“成功的事/人”；B项意为“冒险”；C项意为“工具”；D 项意为“象征”。故 A项 正确。 12．A.polite B．sincere C．doubtful D．grateful 解析：选 B 根据下文“their commitment to improving the environment”可知， 生态游客和当地居民必须承诺在改善环境方面能够真诚。A 项意为“礼貌的”；B 项意为“真 诚的”；C项意为“怀疑的”；D 项意为“感激的”。故 B 项正确。 13．A.mines B．factories C．schools D．hotels 解析：选 D 根据常识并结合选项可知，绿色旅游给当地人提供了在公园、宾馆和商店 工作的机会。故 D 项正确。 14．A.ban B．result C．decline D．appearance 解析：选 C 本段列举绿色旅游的好处。根据下文“Former hunters can now work as guides”可知，以前的狩猎者现在可以做导游了，所以生态旅游的一个成就就是非法狩猎行 为有所减少。A 项意为“禁令”；B 项意为“结果”；C 项意为“减少，下降，衰退”；D 项意为“外表”。故 C 项正确。 15．A.close B．safe C．friendly D．active 解析：选 B 根据上文可知，生态旅游使非法狩猎行为减少了，以前的狩猎者现在做导 游，这样有助于保证动物的安全。A 项意为“亲密的”；B 项意为“安全的”；C项意为“友 好的”；D项意为“积极的”。故 B 项正确。 16．A.influences B．examines C．balances D．improves 解析：选 D 本段列举绿色旅游的好处。根据最后一段中的“local people's livingstandards have improved”可知，绿色旅游也可以提升当地居民的生活质量。A项 意为“影响”；B 项意为“检查”；C 项意为“平衡”；D 项意为“改善，提高”。故 D 项 正确。 17．A.environment B．law C．economy D．hosts 解析：选 A 根据下文“following Peru's ________ and using ecotourism to preserve their environment”可知，提升对环境的尊重意识。A 项意为“环境”；B 项意 为“法律”；C项意为“经济”；D 项意为“主人”。故 A 项正确。 18．A.effect B．theory C．focus D．discussion 解析：选 C 根据语境可知，此处指秘鲁将重点放在可持续旅游上。A项意为“影响”； B项意为“理论”；C 项意为“中心点，焦点”；D 项意为“讨论”。故 C 项正确。 19．A.But for B．According to C．In spite of D．In addition to 解析：选 D 根据语境可知，此处指除了能更好地保护雨林之外，生态游还有一个优势， 即提高了当地人的生活水平。A项意为“要不是”；B 项意为“根据”；C项意为“尽管”； D项意为“除……之外”。故 D 项正确。 20．A.example B．rule C．advice D．tradition 解析：选 A 根据语境可知，此处指许多国家都效仿秘鲁，利用生态游保护环境。follow one's example 意为“仿效某人”，符合语境。故 A 项正确。B 项意为“规则”；C 项意为 “建议”；D 项意为“传统”，均不符合语境。 完形填空专练(六) 议论文 A (2016·兰州市高三诊断考试)All parents know that one of their most important tasks is to prepare their children for a(n) __1__ life, but any parent can tell you that it's hard to let __2__ of your children. That __3__ between keeping your children safe and allowing them to learn from their own mistakes can be __4__.Years of experience means that parents often do know best, but __5__， the young, being less bound by tradition, are often more __6__， more able to find new solutions to old problems. __7__ are led by the young. Good teachers make the growth of critical thinking easier in their students, __8__ that this can lead to a questioning of the teachers' basic beliefs. Schools encourage parents to become __9__， but are often embarrassed when parents have doubts about some of the educational methods being used. The rebellious (叛逆的) __10__ are important in social development. They are not __11__ representatives of those they want to __12__ or not realistic in their demands, __13__ their voices must be heard. Good parents know that just forbidding particular behaviors does not prevent their children from finding ways to __14__ in these forbidden activities. __15__， sometimes the forbidden fruit is more __16__， just because it is not accepted by __17__. Parents must work with their children to educate them __18__ the facts, know as much as possible about the lives of their children, provide a good example, encourage more wholesome activities __19__ support their children when they don't follow __20__ is expected of them. But the most important point is that they also need to learn how to let go. 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。培养孩子是每个家长的职责，过度的关爱和限制不利于 下一代成长，因此家长要学会放手。 1．A.happy B．independent C．meaningful D．easy 解析：选 B 根据该句中的“it's hard to let ________ of your children”及下文 “allowing them to learn from their own mistakes”可知，此处指所有的父母都知道 他们最重要的任务之一就是使他们的孩子具备独立生活的能力。故 B 项正确。 2．A.go B．drop C．alone D．fall 解析：选 A let go of 为固定短语，意为“放手，松开”。根据“but”的转折和“it's hard to”可知，任何父母都会说对孩子放手是很困难的。故 A 项正确。 3．A.alternative B．difference C．balance D．definition 解析：选 C 根据空格后“keeping your children safe”和“allowing them to learn from their own mistakes”可知，此处应指在“保证你孩子的安全”和“允许他们从自己 犯的错误中学到经验”这二者之间的平衡。A项意为“可供选择的事物”；B项意为“不同 点”；C 项意为“平衡”；D 项意为“定义”。故 C 项正确。 4．A.heartbreaking B．heartbroken C．warmhearted D．wholehearted 解析：选 A 根据上文可知，任何父母都会认为对孩子完全放手是很难的。“保证孩子 安全”和“允许他们从自己犯的错误中学到经验”这二者的平衡很难把握。A 项意为“令人 心碎的，十分困难的”；B 项意为“极为悲伤的”；C 项意为“热心肠的”；D 项意为“全 心全意的，全神贯注的”。故 A 项正确。 5．A.on one hand B．for one thing C．on the other hand D．in other words 解析：选 C 根据“but”可知，此处是将具有多年经验的父母和“the young”作对比。 由此可知，多年的经验意味着父母常常是了解最多的，但是另一方面，不被传统束缚的年轻 人经常是更加……。A 项意为“一方面”；B 项意为“首先”；C 项意为“另一方面”；D 项意为“换句话说”。故 C 项正确。 6．A.creative B．active C．passive D．unlimited 解析：选 A 根据空格后的“more able to find new solutions”可知，此处应指年 轻人是更有创造力的。A 项意为“有创造力的”；B项意为“活跃的”；C项意为“被动的， 消极的”；D 项意为“无限的”。故 A项正确。 7．A.Destructions B．Revolutions C．Conversations D．Recognitions 解析：选 B 根据上文可知，革命经常是由年轻人发起的。A 项意为“破坏”；B 项意 为“革命，变革”；C 项意为“对话”；D 项意为“认识”。故 B 项正确。 8．A.just to find B．only to find C．just to know D．only to know 解析：选 B 根据空格前的叙述可知，好的老师很容易在他们的学生中培养批判性思维； 空格后叙述这样会导致这些老师的信仰被质疑；再结合选项可知，B 项符合逻辑关系。故 B 项正确。 9．A.linked B．attached C．included D．involved 解析：选 D 根据语境可知，学校鼓励家长积极地参与到其中，但当父母对于学校使用 的一些教育方法有疑问时就会变得很尴尬。A项意为“连接的”；B项意为“依恋，附着的”； C项意为“包括的”；D 项意为“参与的”。故 D 项正确。 10．A.young B．old C．middleaged D．aging 解析：选 A 根据上文年轻人更容易创新并引领新的变革可知，此处指这些叛逆的年轻 人在社会发展中是重要的。A 项意为“年轻的”；B 项意为“老的，旧的”；C 项意为“中 等年纪的”；D项意为“变老的，老化的”。故 A 项正确。 11．A.frequently B．accidentally C．certainly D．necessarily 解析：选 D 根据语境可知，年轻人不一定能够代表那些他们想代表的或者他们的要求 会不现实。A 项意为“频繁地”；B 项意为“偶然地，意外地”；C 项意为“肯定地”；D 项意为“必要的，必然地”。故 D项正确。 12．A.suggest B．represent C．imply D．respond 解析：选 B A 项意为“建议”；B项意为“代表”；C 项意为“暗示”；D 项意为“回 复”。根据上文的“representatives”可知，B项正确。 13．A.so B．and C．but D．then 解析：选 C 根据上文内容和空格后“their voices must be heard”可知，此处表示 转折关系。故 C项正确。 14．A.engage B．result C．persist D．believe 解析：选 A 四个选项都能和空格后的 in 组成动词短语：engage in 意为“从事”； result in 意为“造成，导致”；persist in 意为“坚持”；believe in 意为“相信某事 的存在”。根据语境可知，好的父母都知道仅仅禁止孩子做一些特别的行为并不会阻止他们 的孩子找到别的方法去做这些被禁止的活动。故 A 项正确。 15．A.Anyhow B．However C．Indeed D．Somehow 解析：选 C 上文提到，孩子往往会想尽办法去做一些被父母禁止的事情；而下文提到 “the forbidden fruit is more ________”可知，空格处表示对前面观点的肯定。A项意 为“无论如何”；B 项意为“然而”；C 项意为“确实”；D 项意为“不知为什么”。故 C 项正确。 16．A.confusing B．inviting C．astonishing D．shocking 解析：选 B 根据上文叙述可知，往往越不被允许做的事，人们越想去做，所以此处指 禁果更吸引人。A项意为“令人迷惑的”；B 项意为“诱人的”；C项意为“令人惊讶的”； D项意为“令人震惊的”。故 B 项正确。 17．A.government B．organization C．authority D．agency 解析：选 C 联系上下文可知，禁果是不被权威所允许的。A 项意为“政府”；B 项意 为“组织”；C项意为“权威，权力”；D 项意为“代理，机构”。故 C 项正确。 18．A.at B．of C．on D．over 解析：选 C 根据语境可知，父母必须与孩子一起努力，来以事实教育他们。educate sb. on sth.为固定搭配。故 C 项正确。 19．A.but also B．or C．nor D．otherwise 解析：选 A 联系上下文可知，父母应该尽可能多地了解他们孩子的生活，给孩子们树 立好的榜样，鼓励他们多做一些有益健康的活动，而且当孩子们没有做父母期待的事情的时 候，父母也要支持他们的孩子。A项意为“而且”，符合逻辑关系。故 A 项正确。 20．A.whether B．that C．which D．what 解析：选 D 在本句中，动词“follow”后接宾语从句，由于从句中缺少主语，故应用 what 来引导。故 D 项正确。 B (2016·武汉市高中毕业生 4 月调研测试) Dr. Mike Schmoker is an educational author and former teacher. He shares in his book Results Now, a __1__ that found of 1,500 classrooms __2__， 85 percent of them had __3__ less than 50 percent of the students. __4__， only 15 percent of the __5__ kept more than half of the class paying attention to the lesson. He believes that the __6__ of teachers can tell if a student is not __7__. Most teachers act on what they see and __8__ their instruction to try to attract all of their students. __9__， no matter how hard teachers work at making it interesting, a lecture is __10__ a lecture, and having students simply listen is still a __11__ action. The solution is simple：If a teacher wants to __12__ student involvement (参与), then the teacher needs to increase student __13__ — ask the students to do something with the knowledge and skills they have learned. __14__ the lecture with learning tasks. Let them practice. Have them moving. Get them __15__. Make it so appealing that it will be __16__ for students not to participate. The vital __17__ to increase involvement is to put the learner in charge of learning. Create a __18__ learning environment and a motivation to learn, and the students __19__ do all the hard work of learning, while the teacher merely offers help and support. That sounds __20__. 语篇解读：调查显示，只有很少同学对老师的课堂教学感兴趣，所以课堂教学应当充分 调动学生的积极性，让他们参与课堂活动。 1．A.concern B．lesson C．study D．treasure 解析：选 C 分析该句结构可知，句中“that found of 1,500 classrooms ...”为 that 引导的定语从句，空处为先行词；据此可以判断，在这本书里他分享的是一份调查研 究。C项意为“研究”，符合语境。 2．A.visited B．decorated C．used D．noticed 解析：选 A 根据空前的“classrooms”及下文内容可以判断，这里陈述的是去 1 500 个教室参观得出的研究结果。A 项意为“参观”，符合语境。 3．A.taught B．admitted C．touched D．absorbed 解析：选 D 根据下文的“paying attention to the lesson”可以判断，85%的教室 吸引不超过 50%的学生的全部注意力。D 项意为“吸引全部注意力”，符合语境。 4．A.In a word B．Above all C．In other words D．To be honest 解析：选 C 根据上句中的“85 percent”并结合该句中的“15 percent”可以判断， 该句是对上一句的另一种说法，C 项意为“换言之”，符合语境。A 项意为“总之”；B 项 意为“最重要的是”；D项意为“老实说”。 5．A.teachers B．classrooms C．schools D．textbooks 解析：选 B 根据上文内容可以判断，这里指只有 15%的教室可以让一半以上的学生集 中注意力听课，故选 B 项。 6．A.majority B．minority C．rest D．number 解析：选 A 根据下句中的“Most teachers act on what they see”可知，这里指大 多数老师可以识别学生是否对所学课程不感兴趣。A项意为“大多数”，符合语境。 7．A.hard working B．brilliant C．satisfied D．interested 解析：选 D 参见上题解析。A 项意为“努力工作的”；B 项意为“才华横溢的”；C 项意为“满意的”。 8．A.organize B．receive C．adjust D．continue 解析：选 C 根据空后的“to attract all of their students”可以判断，老师通过 调整讲课方法来吸引所有学生的注意力。C项意为“调整”，符合语境。 9．A.Moreover B．However C．Therefore D．Otherwise 解析：选 B 空处上句说老师通过调整讲课方法来吸引所有学生的注意力；空处下句说 不管老师怎么努力，学生只是被动接受教学；据此可知，两句间为转折关系，故 B 项正确。 10．A.always B．even C．just D．still 解析：选 D 根据下文中的“still”可知，讲课仍然是讲课，学生仍然是被动接受教 学。故 D 项正确。 11．A.dull B．passive C．wrong D．practical 解析：选 B 根据该句中的“having students simply listen is still”可知，只是 让学生听讲，这对于学生来说仍然是被动行为。B 项意为“被动的”，符合语境。A 项意为 “迟钝的”；C项意为“错误的”；D 项意为“实用的”。 12．A.value B．ignore C．decrease D．promote 解析：选 D 根据该句中的“involvement (参与)”可以判断，老师想要促进学生参与 教学活动。D项意为“促进”，符合语境。A 项意为“重视”；B 项意为“忽视”；C项意为 “下降”。 13．A.interes t B．choice C．activity D．achievement 解析：选 C 根据空后的“ask the students to do something with the knowledge and skills they have learned”可知，老师要求学生用所学的技能或者知识去做一些事情；据 此可以判断，老师需要增加学生的活动。C项意为“活动”，符合语境。 14．A.Break up B．Comment on C．Attend D．Deliver 解析：选 A 根据下句“Let them practice”可知，此处表示讲课结束后布置学习任 务，让学生练习。A 项意为“结束”，符合语境。B项意为“评论”；C项意为“参加”；D 项意为“传送”。 15．A.playing B．talking C．laughing D．singing 解析：选 B 根据上句“Have them moving”可知，老师在课堂上要让学生进行讨论。 故选 B项。 16．A.difficult B．possible C．necessary D．unimportant 解析：选 A 根据该句中的“appealing”和“for students not to participate”可 知，要使教学有吸引力以至于学生很难不去参与。A项意为“困难的”，符合语境。 17．A.standard B．decision C．reason D．measure 解析：选 D 根据该句中的“to put the learner in charge of learning”可知，这 里介绍的是提高学生参与教学活动积极性的方法。D项意为“方法”，符合语境。 18．A.rich B．new C．safe D．modern 解析：选 A 要创造丰富的教学环境和学习动机。A项意为“丰富多彩的”，符合语境。 19．A.casually B．willingly C．nervously D．busily 解析：选 B 根据语境可知，在丰富的教学环境和学习动机下，学生愿意努力学习。B 项意为“愿意地”，符合语境。A 项意为“漫不经心地”；C 项意为“紧张地”；D 项意为 “忙碌地”。 20．A.friendly B．ridiculous C．easy D．funny 解析：选 C 根据上句可知，让学生自主学习，而老师仅仅提供帮助和支持；据此可以 判断，这听起来很容易。C 项意为“容易的”，符合语境。