【优化指导】（新课标全国）2013 高考英语总复习 课时作业 16 8页

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 1 【优化指导】（新课标全国）2013 高考英语总复习 课时作业 16 Unit1 必修 4 一、单项填空 1．In China，______private car is becoming______popular means of transportation. A．a；/ B．the；a C．a；the D．the；the 解析：考查冠词。第一个空考查定冠词 the 用于可数名词的单数前指类别；第二个空表 示一类事物中的一个，故用不定冠词 a。means 表示“方式”单复数同形，此处是单数。 答案：B 2．That she hadn’t kept her ______ on her work resulted in failure. A．head B．heart C．brain D．mind 解析：考查名词的意义区别。根据后面的 resulted in failure 可知，她没有专心于工 作，而 keep one’s mind on 意思为“专心于”，因此，D 项正确。 答案：D 3．—Your new dictionary is so nice，Lily? —Thank you，Mary.Are you considering buying______for yourself? A．it B．one C．the one D．that 解析：考查代词。句意：“Lily，你的新词典这么好啊”“谢谢你，Mary，你也想为自 己买一本吗？”one 表示泛指类似的“一本”。 答案：B 4．The conference aims to develop business and let people think about______they can have a positive influence on the planet. A．why B．that C．what D．how 解析：考查名词性从句。句意：这个会议目的是为了发展经济和让人们考虑他们怎样保 护地球。how 引导的从句作 think about 的宾语从句，从句中不缺少主语或宾语，由句意可 知“让人们如何对地球有积极的影响”，故选 D 项。 答案：D 5．It rained nonstop for ten days，completely______ our holiday. A．to ruin B．ruined 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 2 C．having ruined D．ruining 6．The news today can draw public attention to ______ help is actually needed. A．that B．where C．which D．whose 解析：考查从句的引导词的选用。where 引导的从句作介词 to 的宾语。句意：今天的 新闻把公众的注意力引到确实需要帮助的地方去了。 答案：B 7．—Did you finish your project，Marie? —No，I was going to type it out but I ______ visitors. A．have B．had C．have had D．will have 解析：考查动词的时态。由语境可知，回答者没有完成是因为：她打算打出来的时候来 了客人。客人来发生在过去，所以应用一般过去时态。 答案：B 8．Lucy looks______ in red while green clothes are nice ______Lily. A．good；on B．well；in C．good；at D．well；for 解析：考查形容词和介词。第一个空 look 是系动词，后跟形容词作表语；第二个空表 示“穿在某人身上”用介词 on。句意：Lucy 穿着红色的衣服很美，然而 Lily 穿着绿色的衣 服也很不错。 答案：A 9．—Tomorrow ______ my daughter’s birthday.I’d like you and Jane to come. —I’m not sure if she ______ free. A．will be；is B．is going to；is C．is；is D．is；will be 解析：第一个空是表示“不以人的意志为转移的客观事实”，用一般现在时或一般将来 时；第二个空前的 if 表示“是否”，并且表示“将来的情况”，因此用一般将来时。 答案：D 10．—What makes you so upset? —______. A．I lost my new laptop 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 3 B．That I lost my new laptop C．Lost my new laptop D．I lost my new laptop does 解析：考查特殊疑问句的答语。此处是省略答语，用了一个主语从句针对 what 进行了 回答，主语从句前的关联词 that 不可省略，其完整答语是：That I lost my new laptop makes me so upset.。 答案：B 11．—I’ll thank you ______me with my English. —I will.With pleasure. A．helping B．to help C．to helping D．not to help 解析：I’ll thank you to do sth.为固定句型“请你……好不好，请你做某事”是较 随便的请托说法。句意：——请你帮我学英语好不好。——我会的。我很愿意。 答案：B 12．—How much sugar did you put in the coffee? —I’m sorry to say，______.I forget. A．no B．none C．nothing D．no one 解析：考查不定代词。此处 none 指的是 not any sugar，也就是说，此处可以这样理 解：I’m sorry to say that I didn’t put any sugar in the coffee，because I forgot it.。 答案：B 13．The crying baby eventually found ______ in the arms of her mother，sleeping through the whole afternoon. A．comfort B．advantage C．convenience D．prescription 14．I have no idea ______ is actually happening ahead of the line of cars held up. A．that B．what C．as D．which 解析：what 引导的从句作 idea 的同位语从句，并且 what 在从句中作主语。句意：我 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 4 不知道受阻的车队前面在发生什么事。 答案：B 15．Dad，if your wound ______ get more painful again，do call me without any delay. A．may B．would C．could D．should 解析：考查情态动词的特殊用法。should 作为情态动词，可以用在条件状语从句中， 表示较强的假设，译作“万一”，这时也可将 should 置于从句之首，即放在从句主语的前 面，而省略从属连词 if。 答案：D 二、阅读理解 A Coming from Houston，the fourth largest city in the country，to a town surrounded by trees with a population of 60,000 was quite an adjustment for a young girl like me.At first it seemed a dream，but after a couple of weeks，I knew I was beginning a new adventure in college. Leaving home and some of my closest friends was one of the hardest things I ever did.I felt frightened at first，but knew I would see new faces and had to get used to the new surroundings. When I came to college I began to meet with challenges，including having a roommate.I had always had my own room and space.But in college ， all that changed.Combining two people with different backgrounds into one room can be tough. Being a freshman in college is very different from being a highschool freshman.College freshmen are set for a whole new awakening.I had tons of work with deadlines，and parties and friends that I always had to attend and meet.But no one told me what to do or when to do it.This is very much unlike things in high school， where the teacher gives a task with a weeklong deadline and stepbystep guidelines.College is very different from high school or home where rules are set and you are able to achieve things easily just by following them.College is a new beginning and an opportunity to grow up. A freshman in college may experience doubts，fears and even tears but now I know that having them at first is better than not experiencing them at all.Every new face and new surrounding is an unknown journey that I look forward to.I have taken my 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 5 first real steps，and now I am walking fearlessly in this unknown adventure. 远离家人和朋友，作者步入了大学的校园。本文讲述了她作为一名大一新生的经历和感 受。 1．What can we learn from the passage? A．The author’s college is located in Houston. B．The author’s college is surrounded by trees. C．The author was unwilling to leave her home. D．There were 60,000 students in the author’s college. 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“Leaving home and some of my closest friends was one of the hardest things I ever did.”可知，作者舍不得离开家和朋友。 答案：C 2．The third paragraph suggests that ______. A．the author had two roommates in the dormitory of her college B．the author had no roommate in the dormitory of her high school C．the author wasn’t ready to meet challenges when she reached her college D．the author might have found it difficult to get along with her college roommate at first 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“Combining two people with different backgrounds into one room can be tough.”可知，作者认为让两个背景不同的人在同一个屋檐下相处 是件困难的事情。因此可以推知，作者起初可能觉得很难和她的室友融洽相处。 答案：D 3．Compared with high schools，colleges require students to be more ______. A．selfdirected B．intelligent C．confident D．careful 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“I had tons of work...But no one told me what to do or when to do it.This is very much unlike things in high school，where the teacher gives a task with a weeklong deadline and stepbystep guidelines.College is very different from high school or home where rules are set and you are able to achieve things easily just by following them.”可知，在大学，学生有很多事情要做，但没有 人告诉他们该怎么做，什么时候做，而在高中，只要按照老师的指导就能轻松地完成任务。 因此可知，大学要求学生更加具备自我指引的能力。 答案：A 4．What may the author think about the fears of a college freshman? A．They are beneficial. B．They are unavoidable. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 6 C．They are frustrating. D．They are rare. B Popeye(大力水手)cartoons，tasting parties and junior cooking classes can help increase vegetable intake in kindergarten children，according to new research published in the journal Nutrition & Dietetics. Researchers at Mahidol University in Bangkok found the type and amount of vegetables children ate improved after they took part in a program using multimedia(多媒体)and role models to promote(提倡)healthy food. Twentysix kindergarten children aged from four to five participated in the eightweek study.The researchers recorded the kinds and amounts of fruit and vegetables eaten by the children before and after the program. Lead researcher Professor Chutima Sirikulchayanonta said，“We got the children to plant vegetable seeds，take part in fruit and vegetable tasting parties，cook vegetable soup，and watch Popeye cartoons.We also sent letters to parents with suggestions on encouraging their kids to eat fruit and vegetables，and teachers sat with children at lunch to‘role model’healthy eating.” Professor Sirikulchayanonta and her colleagues found vegetable intake doubled and that the types of vegetables the children consumed increased from two to four.Parents also reported their children talked about vegetables more often and were proud they had eaten them in their school lunch. She said there was no significant change in the kinds of fruit eaten by the children，but this was probably because they were already eating more fruit than vegetables at the start of the study. According to Australia’s last children’s nutrition survey ， Australian children are eating too much fat，sugar and salt，and not en ough fruit and vegetables.Only 61 percent of the children surveyed ate the recommended amounts of fruit，and less than one in four ate enough vegetables. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 7 Studies have shown the food habits and eating patterns picked up in early childhood still“work”in later childhood and adulthood.Professor Sirikulchayanonta said ， “Focusing_on_healthy_food_c hoices_at_an_early_age_can_have_a_major_effect_on_ the_future_health_of_adults.” The research also shows that involving children in food preparation activities， like measuring，pouring and stirring helps them learn the names and colors of food， and develops their handeye coordination(协调)． “大力水手”可以让幼儿园的孩子变得爱吃蔬菜。 5．The following ways can improve kindergarten children’s consumption of vegetables EXCEPT ______. A．allowing them to watch Popeye cartoons B．teaching them the names and colors of vegetables C．encouraging them to learn about vegetable cooking D．encouraging them to participate in vegetable tasting parties 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“Popeye cartoons，tasting parties and junior cooking classes can help increase vegetable intake in kindergarten children...” 和第四段“We got the children to...take part in fruit and vegetable tasting parties， cook vegetable soup，and watch Popeye cartoons...”可知，看“大力水手”动画片， 参加初级烹饪课程学习蔬菜烹饪，以及参加蔬菜品尝派对都能让幼儿园的孩子们多吃蔬菜。 因此可知答案。 答案：B 6．What can we know about the study made by the researchers at Mahidol University in Bangkok? A．It lasted more than two months. B．Thirtysix kindergarten children were involved. C．It recorded the vegetables that were not liked by the kindergarten children. D．It needed the involvement of the kindergarten children’s teachers and parents. 解 析 ：推 理 判 断题 。 根 据 第 四 段 “...We also sent letters to parents with suggestions on encouraging their kids to eat fruit and vegetables，and teachers sat with children at lunch to‘role model’healthy eating.”可知，研究人员写信给家长， 建议他们如何鼓励孩子多吃水果和蔬菜，又让老师和孩子们一起吃饭，示范如何健康饮食。 由此可以推知，该项研究需要孩子家长和老师的参与。 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 8 答案：D 7．According to Professor Sirikulchayanonta，after the program ______. A．the kinds and amounts of vegetables eaten by the children doubled B．the kinds and amounts of fruit eaten by the children didn’t increase at all C．the children ate more fruit and vegetables at school than at home D．the children talked about fruit and vegetables more often than before 解析：细节理解题。根据第五段“Professor Sirikulchayanonta and her colleagues found vegetable intake doubled and that the types of vegetables the children consumed increased from two to four.”可知，参加过该活动之后，孩子们蔬菜的摄入量翻了 1 倍， 孩子们所吃蔬菜的种类从 2 升到了 4，也翻了 1 倍。因此可知答案。 答案：A 8．The underlined sentence in Paragraph 8 means that ______. A．both children and adults should choose to eat healthy food B．an adult’s eating can greatly influence that of his/her children C．an adult’s health depends very much on his/her eating in childhood D．most adults didn’t realize the importance of healthy eating when young