【英语】2019届二轮复习完形填空的技能考查之一：句中逻辑推理能力的探究（5页word版） 5页

高中新课程完形填空的技能考查：句中逻辑推理能力的探究 技能考查简介 普通高中课程改革英语学科教学指导意见指出：高中英课程的总目标之一是培养学生的综合语言运用能力；语言技能和语言知识是综合语言运用能力的基础。并因此而着重提高学生用英语获取信息、处理信息、分析问题和解决问题的能力，特别注重提高学生用英语进行思维和表达的能力；形成跨文化交际的意识和基本的跨文化交际能力。‎ 高中英语考试说明的命题要求明确指出：“完形填空考查学生的阅读理解能力和词汇的综合运用能力，所选语言材料要有利于考生进行语篇分析，要保证本大题有较好的区分度。”‎ 因此，高考完形填空题这种题型的设置是检验课程实施效果的方法之一。该题形要求高中生必须具备快速阅读理解一篇抽去相当数量词汇文章的内容领悟能力和分析推断能力，综合运用所学语法知识、词汇辨析能力，常识和逻辑推理能力，和具有一定的跨文化交际意识和能力。具体考查技能如下：‎ 逻辑推理能力：完形填空对篇章逻辑推理能力的考查主要表现在考生能否根据句中，句间甚至是整篇文章的逻辑关系，比如因果、转折、并列等关系，选出正确选项。主要包括以下几个方面：‎ ‎（一）句中逻辑推理能力 ‎（二）句间逻辑推理能力 ‎（三）篇章逻辑推理能力 ‎（四）篇章原词重现 ‎（一）句中逻辑推理能力 句中逻辑推理能力：根据选项所在的句子中的逻辑关系，选择正确选项。‎ e.g. A pair of gloves may be a 35 thing, but it can make a big difference in winter. ‎ ‎35. A. small B. useful C. delightful D. comforting ‎【解析】考查句中的逻辑推理能力。后半句有but转折，且有“make a big difference”，根据转折的逻辑关系可推知选A. small。‎ 一、小试牛刀：‎ ‎1、Here, my mother 47 in her bedroom window and wrote in her diary.‎ ‎ 47. A. lay B. play C. stood D. sat ‎ ‎ ‎2、I stared, greatly___32__,as the drinks soaked (浸湿) his white shirt. ‎ ‎32. A. discouraged B. disappointed C. shocked D. annoyed ‎ ‎3、It was 41 , full of broken glass and rubbish.‎ ‎41. A. occupied B. abandoned C. emptied D. robbed ‎4、So _ 52 and heart-broken, she didn’t go any further.‎ ‎52. A. anxious B. angry C. serious D. sad ‎5、When she died, I was 51 , but I was very grateful to her.‎ ‎51. A. homeless B. heartbroken C. bad-tempered D. hopeless ‎ ‎【答案解析】‎ ‎1、【解析】D。考查句中并列逻辑关系推理能力。该句中的and体现了前后两个动作的并列关系，依据这个逻辑关系，能与wrote这个动作构成并列关系的，只有sat最为合适：在这里，母亲坐在她的卧室窗户旁，写日记。‎ ‎2、【解析】C。考查句中的因果逻辑推理能力。把握句中的逻辑关系。当饮料浸湿他的白衬衫时，我______，眼睛（吓得）一眨都不眨。因此，此处描写作者的惊恐。shocked震惊的。‎ ‎3、【解析】B。考查句中的因果逻辑推理能力。 “full of broken glass and rubbish”到处都是破碎的玻璃碎片和垃圾，所以看出这里早已被遗弃多时，occupied已占用的，在使用的；abandoned被放弃的，被遗弃的 ,其余两项被清空的和被抢劫的语境不符。‎ ‎4、【解析】D。考查句中的逻辑推理能力。本句中heart-broken,由此可推断小女孩很伤心和难过(sad),所以选择D。‎ ‎5、【解析】B。考查句中的逻辑推理能力。把握上下文的语境。根据句子的前半部分“when she died”,可知作者非常伤心，故选B。‎ 二、基础巩固：‎ ‎1、Lisa was one of the mobile children, 38 from house to house in childhood.‎ ‎ A. passed B. raised C. moved D. sent ‎2、I found the owner, rented it, and ‎42 a corner to camp in.‎ A. turned B. approached C. cleared D. cut ‎3、She was very disappointed when she 50___ that all the windows were 51__ and rather dirty.‎ A. felt B. learned C. concluded D. found ‎ ‎ A. transparent B. bright C. plain D. wide ‎ ‎4、Every time I came into her room, she was so 48 because she thought I was her daughter.‎ A. polite B. happy C. strange D. confident ‎ ‎5、“And you don’t need to wear a scarf because you look great 26 it!”‎ A .in B. for C. without D. beyond ‎【答案解析】‎ ‎1、【解析】C。考查句中的逻辑推理能力。本句中的“ the mobile children “——流动儿童，后面的动作应该是对前面的解释说明，故只有答案C 最符合——不断地搬家。‎ ‎2、【解析】C。考查句中的逻辑推理能力。把握句中的逻辑关系，作者找到房主租下房子后，“to camp in”必须先进行清理才能住宿，所以作者先清理了房主的一个角落。clear 扫除，使干净；approach接近，走近，靠近; turn旋转；使改变方向；cut剪切；切成。这三项与语境不符。‎ ‎3、【解析】C。考查句中的逻辑推理能力。根据下面提到very dirty，另既然disappointed， 就说明这所房子远没有她当初想象得好，很一般，很普通。所以选择C。‎ ‎4、【解析】B。考查句中的逻辑推理能力。把握句内的逻辑关系。作者每次去看望她，她都把作者当成她的女儿了，所以她应该是高兴的，故选B。‎ ‎5、【解析】C。考查句中的逻辑推理能力。根据you don’t need to wear a scarf（你没有必要戴头巾）可知Stephanie要表达的是‘不戴’头巾看上去也很棒，因此选项C正确。‎ 三、能力提高：‎ ‎1、I saw many people were having a really hard time, 52 their jobs and homes.‎ A. creating B. losing C. quitting D. offering ‎2、In winter, Mr. Greenberg does not 20 like other New Yorkers, who look at the sidewalk and 21 the street.‎ ‎ A. act B. sound C. feel D. dress A. cross over B. drive along C. hurry down D. keep off ‎3、I started asking people around me how they were doing, and if they were having trouble I 43 to help.‎ A. dared B. offered C. hesitated D. happened ‎ ‎4、The exchange coordinator told me I’d have a 29 this time and asked whether I could share a bedroom with an English speaker.‎ A. housekeeper B. leader C. roommate D. colleague ‎5、Still shaky and unsure___36__to do next, my friends and I went to a table and sat there, trying our best to look___37__‎ A. how B. who C. what D. which ‎ A. mild B. honest C. calm D. modest ‎ ‎【答案解析】‎ ‎1、【解析】B。考查句中的逻辑推理能力。前面说“many people were having a really hard time”，许多人正过着相当艰难的生活，可知是失去（losing）了工作和家。creating:创造；offering：提供，明显不符合语境；quitting只能和jobs搭配，不能和homes搭配。‎ ‎2、【解析】A。考查句中的逻辑推理能力。句子的后半部分提到“who look at the sidewalk”，这些是人的行为表现（act）。‎ ‎3、【解析】B。考查句中的逻辑推理能力。根据前半句“if they were having trouble”可推知，作者是愿意提供帮助的，故选B。‎ ‎4、【解析】C。考查句中的逻辑推理能力。根据后面的share a bedroom（共用一间卧室）可知应该是会有一个‘室友’，故选项A正确。‎ ‎5、【解析】C。考查句中的逻辑推理能力。前面浓墨重彩地描写“我”的惶恐不安，男子的友善处理方式，让“我”尽力从刚才的惊恐中平静下来。‎ 四、终极挑战：‎ ‎1、We soon 42 __by the house and I tell her what it was like here, the memories _43_ back, swift as the tide (潮水).‎ ‎42. A. catch up B. pull up C. step down D. come down ‎43. A. falling B. turning C. rushing D. bringing ‎ ‎ ‎2、His heart beat   40  , and without thinking he started to run and luckily   41   the cat’s paws (爪子).‎ ‎　　40. A. strongly  B. irregularly  C. slowly  D. wildly ‎41. A. escaped  B. seized  C. rubbed   D. scratched ‎3、I tried to find a 47 position and thought it might be restful, 48 kind of nice, to be 49 around for a while ‎47. A. flexible B. safe C. starting D. comfortable ‎48. A. yet B. just C. still D. even ‎49. A. shown B. pushed C. driven D. guided ‎4、I left France with many 34 , so when people ask me what my favorite part of the trip was, they are always 35 to hear me talk about my Brazilian friend Paolo and the scores of weekdays in class, weeknights on the town, and weekends 36 France we enjoyed together ‎34. A. presents B. suitcases C. stories D. dreams ‎35. A. surprised B. disturbed C. embarrassed D. concerned ‎36. A. analyzing B. exploring C. describing D. investigating ‎5、 37 she loved her parents and her family, she desired to live in such a house and 38 all day about how wonderful and exciting 39 must feel to live there.‎ ‎37. A. Unless B. Although C. Since D. But ‎38. A. dreamed B. worried C. asked D. shouted ‎39. A. this B. that C. it D. which ‎【答案解析】‎ ‎1、【解析】C。考查句中的逻辑推理能力。本句中的 “swift as the tide (潮水) ”——快如潮水，可以很好地说明了“记忆涌上心头”，fall 落下，turn 转向，rush 冲，闯，bring 带来，只有C rush，符合上下句的逻辑。‎ ‎2、【解析】A。考查句中的逻辑推理能力。根据句中的关键词luckily, 推断出本句是小老鼠逃掉了。可推知本空A项escaped  正确。‎ ‎3、【解析】D。考查句中的逻辑推理能力。根据句中的关键词restful, kind of nice， 可以推断出，作者希望找到一个比较舒适的位置，故选D. comfortable。‎ ‎4、【解析】C。考查句中的逻辑推理能力。根据下文可知人们是在‘听’作者讲他的经历，所以他一定是带着很多‘有趣的故事’离开的法国，故选项C正确。‎ ‎5、【解析】 A。考查句中的逻辑推理能力。利用句中语境解题。desired to live in such a house和______ all day about how wonderful and exciting…之间是并列关系。解题关键在于desired, 既然渴望，就会有梦想，所以选择dreamed。 dream about doing sth 梦想做…，所以选择dreamed。‎