2021届高三英语外研版一轮总复习教师用书：选修7 Module 3　Literature 19页

www.ks5u.com Module 3　Literature ‎(主题语境——人与社会之文学与艺术)‎ ‎1．ode n. 颂诗；颂歌　　　　2.lyric n. 抒情诗 ‎3．satire n. 讽刺诗 4.sonnet n. 十四行诗 ‎5．rhythm n. 节奏 6.poetic n．& adj. 诗学；诗意的 ‎7．myth n. 神话 8.collection n. 集；册 ‎9．anthology n. 选集 10.dynasty n. 朝代 ‎11．literature n. 文学 12.episode n. 逸事 ‎13．calligraphy n. 书法 14.intonation n. 语调 ‎15．describe vt. 描写；叙述 16.description n. 描述；描写 ‎17．recommend v. 推荐 18.subscribe vi. 订阅；订购 ‎19．ancient adj. 古代的 20.modern adj. 现代的 ‎21．saying n. 谚语 22.adjust v. 调整；适应 ‎23．edition n. 版本 24.appreciate vt. 欣赏 ‎25．appreciation n. 欣赏 26.precious adj. 宝贵的 ‎27．civilization n. 文明 28.relaxation n. 放松 ‎29．product n. 产品 30.wisdom n. 智慧 ‎31．experience n. 经验；经历 ‎1．have an influence on 对……有影响 ‎2．give a deep impression on 给……留下深刻的印象 ‎3．of all time 有史以来 ‎4．catch one's attention 引起某人的注意 ‎5．be talented in 在……有天赋 ‎6．open up one's minds 开阔某人的视野 ‎7．be to do with 与……相关 ‎8．make sb. famous 使某人出名 ‎9．bring out 出版 ‎10．show up 出现 ‎11．due to 因为 ‎12．act as 充当 ‎13．in short 总之 ‎14．be acknowledged as 被公认为 ‎15．win the Nobel Prize in Literature 获得诺贝尔文学奖 ‎16．enrich one's life 丰富某人的生活 ‎1．Excuse me for my long delay in returning to you Robinson Crusoe which I read through with great interest.‎ 我迟迟未能归还您的那本《鲁滨逊漂流记》，请原谅。该书我读得津津有味。‎ ‎2．What makes this novel stand out is its unique characters, language, plots and style.‎ 使这部小说与众不同的是小说特有的人物形象、语言、情节和行文风格。‎ ‎3．She is very fond of Chinese classical literature and has spent some time reading Tang and Song poetry, etc.‎ 她很喜欢中国古典文学，并花一些时间读唐诗、宋词等。‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎ 单词巧练 写准并记牢 高考与教材 Ⅰ.识记单词 ‎(一)会其形 ‎1．support n. 支撑物　　　 　　　2.seize v. 抓住 ‎3．hang v. 绞死；吊死 4.drag v. 拖；拉；硬拽 ‎5．rough adj. 多暴力的；犯罪率高的 ‎6．repay v. 报答；回报 ‎7．swallow v. 吞下；咽下(食物或饮料)‎ ‎8．choke v. (使)窒息，(使)噎住，(使)呼吸困难 ‎9．dustbin n. 垃圾箱，垃圾桶 10.attain v. 获得，达到 ‎11．escape v. 逃跑 ‎12．feed v. 喂养；为……提供食品 ‎13．reward n. 酬谢；奖赏；赏金 14.scream v. 尖叫；高声喊叫 ‎(二)知其意 ‎1．appetite n. 胃口；食欲 2.whisper v. 低声地说；耳语 ‎1.(2009·陕西卷)After all，much of this knowledge has_been_accumulated (accumulate) from thousands of years of experience in family health care.‎ ‎2．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)For many who made it to Dawson, however, the rewards (reward) were worth the difficult trip.‎ ‎3．(2018·北京卷)The university is known for its language and culture courses intended (intend) for international students.‎ ‎4．(2018·江苏卷)It can be concluded that restaurant keepers need not “be overly concerned (concern) about ‘bad' tables，” given that they're profitable.‎ ‎5．(2017·江苏卷)In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of whose purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation (starve)．‎ ‎6．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)This will give you the confidence you need to get ‎ ‎3．naughty adj. 淘气的；调皮的 4.wedding n. 婚礼 ‎5．chapter n. 章节 6.nutrition n. 营养(作用)；滋养 ‎7．welfare n. 幸福，福祉；健康 8.compass n. 指南针，罗盘 ‎9．corporation n. 公司，企业 10.paperwork n. 资料，文件 ‎11．pump n. 泵；抽水机 12.fountain n. 喷泉；喷水池 ‎13．bunch n. 一束，一串 14.mistress n. 女主人 ‎15．ambassador n. 大使 16.lantern n. 灯笼，提灯 Ⅱ.拓展单词 ‎1．novelist n. 小说家→novel n. 小说 adj. 新奇的 ‎2．scene n. 场景/面→scenery n. 风景，景色(总称)‎ ‎3．eager adj. 热切/渴望的→eagerness n. 热切；渴望→eagerly adv. 热心地；热切地 ‎4．desperate adj. 绝望的→desperation n. 绝望→desperately adv. 绝望地；拼命地；不顾一切地；非常地 ‎5．healthy adj. 健康的→health n. 健康→unhealthy adj. 不健康的 ‎6．intend v. 打算→intention n you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished (accomplish)．‎ ‎7．(2016·浙江卷)Each week I eagerly (eager) counted my growing savings increased by extra work here and there (washing the car, helping my mother make dinner, delivering or collecting things on my bike that already looked naked without the basket in front)．‎ ‎8．(2015·天津卷)I was so frightened that I closed my eyes and desperately (desperate) threw myself at that guy like a bullet (子弹)—and stopped him cold.‎ ‎9．(2012·福建卷)The envelopes keep coming, and so far at least 190,000 has_been_distributed (distribute).‎ ‎. 打算；目的；意图→intentional adj. 故意的 ‎7．illegally adv. 违法地；非法地→illegal adj. 非法的→legal adj. 合法的→legally adv. 合法地 ‎8．distribute v. 分发/配/送→distribution n. 分配；分布 ‎9．starvation n. 挨饿，饿死→starve v. (使)挨饿/饿死 ‎10．concern n. 关心，担心 v. 影响到；涉及→concerned adj. 关心的，担心的；有关的→concerning prep. 关于 ‎11．accumulate v. 积累→accumulation n. 积累，积聚 ‎12．accomplish v. 完成(任务等)，取得(成功)→accomplishment n. 成就；完成 ‎1．“结婚”有好词 ‎①wedding n. 婚礼 ‎②marry v. 结婚 ‎③marriage n. 婚姻 ‎④bride n. 新娘 ‎⑤bridegroom n. 新郎 ‎⑥banquet n. 宴席 ‎2．“女性”词缀“ess”半边天 ‎①mistress n. 女主人 ‎②hostess n. 女主人 ‎③actress n. 女演员 ‎④waitress n. 女服务员 ‎⑤stewardess n. 女管家；空姐 ‎⑥princess n. 公主 ‎3．一起来“抓”‎ ‎①seize v. 抓住 ‎②catch v. 抓住，捉住 ‎③grasp v. 抓住，控制 ‎④grab v. 攫取，霸占 ‎⑤capture v. 俘获，夺得 ‎⑥arrest v. 逮捕；拘留 ‎ 短语巧练 写准并记牢 高考与教材 ‎1.in a．..voice 用……声音(说)，……声地 ‎2．a_huge/large_amount_of 大量的 ‎1.(2018·天津卷)The museum was free. We entered, excited. A group of people sitting in the hall stopped talking and stared_at us.‎ ‎3．bring_sth._to_the_attention_of_sb. 使某人关注某事 ‎4．be_cruel_to 对……残忍 ‎5．pick_out 挑选出，辨认出 ‎6．let_go_of 放开，放弃 ‎7．escape_from 从……逃离 ‎8．in_astonishment 惊讶地，吃惊地 ‎9．suffer_from 遭受 ‎10．put_up 张贴(通知，海报)，搭建，建造 ‎11．stare_at 凝视，盯着看 ‎2．(2017·江苏卷)However, one day, in the music class that was part of his school's standard curriculum, he was playing idly (随意地) on the piano and found it easy to pick_out tunes.‎ ‎3．(2011·重庆卷)“John! Help” he shouted in_a trembling voice,_with the tiller still in his hands.‎ ‎1．“动词＋out”短语荟萃 ‎①pick out 挑选出；辨认出 ‎②give out 分发；用尽；疲惫 ‎③find out 查明；弄清楚 ‎④break out 突发；爆发 ‎⑤burst out 突发；爆发 ‎⑥bring out 出版；生产 ‎2．“v.＋from”短语万花筒 ‎①escape from 从……逃离 ‎②suffer from 遭受 ‎③benefit from 从……中获益 ‎④date from 始于……‎ ‎⑤result from 起因于 ‎⑥infer from 从……推断 ‎3．“in＋抽象名词”短语集锦 ‎①in astonishment 惊讶地 ‎②in secret 秘密地 ‎③in silence 默默地 ‎④in peace 和平地 ‎⑤in surprise 惊讶地 ‎⑥in trouble 在危险等的处境中 ‎ 句式仿写 写准并记牢 高考与教材 ‎1.not until...位于句首时，句子用部分倒装 Not until at least thirty seconds had passed was the man able to speak.‎ 至少过了三十秒钟，这个人才说出话来。‎ ‎2．no sooner...than...引导的倒装句式 No sooner had the boy spoken these words than the warden hit him on the head with the soup spoon.‎ 孩子的话刚出口，大师傅就操起勺子狠狠地敲他的脑袋。‎ ‎3．only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句且放在句首时，句子用部分倒装 Only then did Oliver understand his situation.‎ 只有在那时奥利弗才明白自己的处境。‎ ‎1.(2017·江苏卷)直到2016年中国电影票房收入的增长才放慢速度。‎ Not_until_2016_did the increase of the boxoffice income of Chinese movies slow down.‎ ‎2．(2017·北京卷)我们一看到这个视频，回忆便如潮水般地涌出。‎ No_sooner_had_we_seen_the_video_than the memories of the past came flooding back.‎ ‎3．(2015·湖南卷)他在全班同学面前说，只有我们用心学习，我们才能取得很大的进步。‎ He said before the whole class that only if we put our heart into our lessons could_we_make great progress.‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ 高频词汇精讲 ‎1．serve vt.端上(饭菜等)；为……服务；适合……目的 vi.服役，供职 The warden, helped by two women, served the soup from this pot at meal times.‎ 开饭的时候，大师傅从锅里舀粥，有两个女人替他打杂。‎ ‎(1)serve the people heart and soul 全心全意为人民服务 serve as 充当；担任 serve sb.(with) sth.＝serve sth.to sb. 拿/用某物招待/款待某人 ‎(2)service n. 服务 at your service 愿为您效劳；听候您的吩咐 ‎(1)单句语法填空 ‎①From this experience I have learnt that questioning can serve as a bridge that helps us to seek the truth.‎ ‎②Let's have a talk before dinner is_served (serve), OK?‎ ‎(2)补全句子 As an employee, I will be at_your_service.‎ 作为一名员工，我愿意随时为您服务。‎ ‎2．eager adj.热切的，渴望的 When they had cleaned their bowls in this way，they would sit staring at the pot with eager eyes，as if they wanted to eat it.‎ 他们这样把碗清理干净以后，就坐在那儿，眼巴巴地瞅着汤锅，似乎要把它也吞进肚子。‎ be eager to do sth. 渴望做某事，热心做某事 be eager for sth. 渴望得到某物 be eager in sth. 热衷于某事 be eager that... 渴望……‎ ‎(1)单句语法填空 ‎①The old man is eager to_come (come) back to his hometown after living abroad for many years.‎ ‎②He was eager that he could get that job, for he could not imagine his life without it.‎ ‎(2)补全句子 The little girl works very hard and she is_eager_for her parents' approval.‎ 这个小女孩学习非常努力，她渴望得到父母的赞许。‎ ‎3．hang v．绞死；吊死；悬挂 ‎“They'll hang that boy，” said a gentleman in a white jacket.‎ ‎“他们会把那个孩子绞死，”一个穿着白色夹克的绅士说。‎ hang up 挂断(电话)‎ hang out/about/around 闲荡；闲逛 hang on＝hold on (打电话时)别挂断；坚持，不放弃；等一下，停一下；抓紧 hang on to 抓紧；保留，不卖掉，不放弃 ‎[名师指津] ‎ hang 意义 过去式 过去分词 现在分词 绞死，吊死 hanged hanged hanging 悬挂，垂下 hung hung hanging ‎(1)单句语法填空 ‎①—Sorry，I have to hang up now.It's time for class.‎ ‎—OK，I'll call back later.‎ ‎②The line was engaged and the operator asked if I'd like to hang on.‎ ‎(2)补全句子 This morning，our family went out，hanging_round/around/out/about in the downtown area.‎ 今天早上，我们的家人出去了，在市中心闲逛。‎ ‎4．reward n．酬谢；奖赏；赏金 v．酬谢；奖励 The next morning a notice was put up on the door of the workhouse, offering a reward to anybody who would employ Oliver Twist.‎ 第二天早上在济贫院的门上贴出了一张通知：给任何一个雇用奥利弗·特威斯特的人提供一份奖赏。‎ ‎(1)as a reward for... 作为对……的回报 in reward for... 为了酬谢或报答……‎ give/offer a reward to sb. for sth.＝give/offer sb. a reward for sth. 为某事而给某人报酬/回报 ‎(2)reward sb. for (doing) sth. 为(做)某事报答/奖赏某人 reward sb. with... 用……报答/回报某人 ‎(3)rewarding adj. 值得做的；有益的 ‎(1)单句语法填空 ‎①The government rewarded him for saving the old man in the well.‎ ‎②When asked for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding (reward)．‎ ‎(2)补全句子 ‎①In addition, the team set up a separate experiment that suggested that the baby birds that most closely imitated their mom's voice were_rewarded_with the most food.‎ 除此之外，这个团队还建立了一个单独的实验，实验表明那些模仿其妈妈的声音最接近的雏鸟被奖赏最多的食物。‎ ‎②As_a_reward_for being admitted to college, many students got iPhone 8 as presents.‎ 作为对被大学录取的奖赏，很多学生得到了iPhone 8作为礼物。‎ ‎5．intend v．想要，意欲，打算 Some years later，Pip learns that an unknown person intends to give him money every month.‎ 几年后，皮普才知道一位不知名的人愿意每月给他一些钱。‎ ‎(1)intend doing/to do sth. 打算做某事 ‎ intend sb. to do sth. 打算让某人做某事 ‎ had intended to do/that＝intended to have done 本来打算做……(事实上没做成)‎ intend that...(should) do sth. 打算……；主张……‎ be intended for... 为……打算(或设计)的 ‎(2)intention n. 意图，目的，打算 ‎ have no intention of doing sth. 不打算做某事 ‎(1)单句语法填空 ‎①What do you intend to_do/doing (do) when you leave college?‎ ‎②When international aid is given, steps must be taken to ensure that the aid reaches the people for whom it is intended.‎ ‎(2)补全句子 We had_intended_to_arrive/intended_to_have_arrived_at our destination at 9 o'clock, but we didn't because of the traffic jam.‎ 我们本来打算在9点钟到达目的地，但是由于交通堵塞我们晚点了。‎ ‎6．a huge/large amount of 大量的 Dickens always had a huge amount of energy.‎ 狄更斯总是精力充沛。‎ ‎(1)a huge/large amount of修饰不可数名词 ‎(2)“a huge/large amount of＋不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数 ‎(3)“huge/large amounts of＋不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数 ‎[联想发散] 常见数量修饰语分类 ‎①修饰可数名词复数：many, a good/great many, a good/large number of ‎②修饰不可数名词：much, a good/great deal of, a large amount of, large amounts of ‎③既可修饰可数名词复数又可修饰不可数名词：a lot of, lots of, a quantity of, quantities of, plenty of ‎(1)单句语法填空 ‎①A good amount of sleep every night is (be) important for your health.‎ ‎②Large amounts of water are_needed (need) for cooling purpose.‎ ‎(2)句型转换 A huge amount of oil was on the road yesterday, the effects of which are not clear.‎ ‎→Huge_amounts_of_oil_were on the road yesterday, the effects of which are not clear.‎ 重点词汇点拨 ‎1．whisper v．低声地说；耳语 n．低语，耳语；传闻 ‎(1)单句语法填空 ‎①It was_whispered (whisper) that he made a fortune by selling cars in Canada.‎ ‎②In order not to let the others hear what he said，he told me the news in a whisper.‎ ‎(2)补全句子 As we watched the panda，we stood still，hardly daring to whisper_to_one_another.‎ 当我们看着熊猫的时候，我们静静地站着，几乎不敢对彼此耳语。‎ ‎2．lock n．锁 v．(使)固定，卡住； (用锁)锁上；陷入，卷入(困境、争论、争执等)‎ 写出下列句中lock的含义 ‎①She turned the key in the lock.锁 ‎②Did you lock the door？(用锁)锁上 ‎③He locked his helmet into position with a click.(使)固定，卡住 ‎④The two sides are locked into a bitter dispute.陷入，卷入(困境、争论、争执等)‎ ‎3．写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义 ‎①The smell ruined my appetite, and I pushed the dish away.食欲 ‎②At present，the world has about 6,800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven.分布 ‎③As we accumulated more devices，however，we didn't throw out our old ones.积累 ‎④It's an amazing accomplishment and one we cannot achieve without generous support from individuals，corporations，and other social organizations.公司 ‎⑤As it happened, the bite was virtually painless: more the kind of small bite you might get from a naughty child.无痛的 典型句式精析 no sooner...than...引导时间状语从句 No_sooner had the boy spoken these words than the warden hit him on the head with the soup spoon.‎ 孩子的话刚出口，大师傅就操起汤勺狠狠地敲他的脑袋。‎ ‎(1)no sooner...than...表示“一……就……；刚……就……”，主句常用过去完成时，than从句中常用一般过去时。当no sooner位于句首时，主句用部分倒装。‎ ‎(2)类似句型：hardly/scarcely...when...。‎ 补全句子 ‎①He had no sooner finished his speech than the students started cheering.‎ ‎＝No_sooner_had_he finished his speech than the students started cheering.‎ 他一完成演讲学生们就开始欢呼起来了。‎ ‎②Hardly_had the football game begun when it started raining. ‎ 足球比赛才刚刚开始天就下起雨来。‎ ‎③I had scarcely done my homework when my mother came in.‎ 我刚做完功课，母亲就进来了。‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．These young men and women had not ever been treated in a cruel (冷酷的) or violent way by their parents.‎ ‎2．Tyrion seized (抓住) her by the wrist and pulled her out of the pit.‎ ‎3．A reward (奖赏) will be paid to anyone who brings back the money Mr Brown lost，according to the advertisement.‎ ‎4．He once had a brother who committed a great crime，for which he was hanged (绞死)．‎ ‎5．The monkey suddenly emerged from behind the tree，frightening Lucy into screaming (尖叫)．‎ ‎6．They are whispering (低语；耳语) to each other for fear that they would wake the sleeping child up.‎ ‎7．I often have a hard time dragging (拉；硬拽) myself from my bed or even rolling over to write everything I have dreamt in my notebook.‎ ‎8．Only four people managed to escape (逃离) before the roof collapsed.‎ ‎9．He must have gone out.I heard the noise of the door being locked (锁) when I was still in bed.‎ ‎10．It must be acknowledged that this object has not been attained (达到)．‎ Ⅱ.单句语法填空 ‎1．In contrast to our ignorance of saving food，many people especially those in povertystricken areas are suffering from starvation (starve)．‎ ‎2．No sooner had I heard the knock than I opened the door.‎ ‎3．The hotel promised to provide good service (serve) to every customer.‎ ‎4．This perfect work makes the audience lost in astonishment (astonish)．‎ ‎5．He tried to escape from the police but finally he got caught and died in prison.‎ ‎6．Each individual (个体的) ant hardly weighs anything，but put together they weigh roughly (rough) the same as all of mankind.‎ ‎7．The woman got nothing in reward for her kindness，which made her very upset.‎ ‎8．Whoever breaks the school rules will surely receive punishment (punish)．‎ ‎9．I don't want to work under stress and I am eager for a job that isn't stressful.‎ ‎10．In some places there are many laws against cruelty (cruel) to animals.‎ Ⅲ.单句改错 ‎1．Before the boy's dead body was buried，the soldiers stood at silence.at→in ‎2．No sooner had she got out of her car when two men in black pushed her into the car with a gun pointing at her.when→than ‎3．A good amount of sleep every night are also important for your health.are→is ‎4．As a matter of fact，I couldn't hear it clearly，as they talked in whisper.in后加a或whisper→whispers ‎5．When he came back，he found his bag hanged over the seat.hanged→hanging ‎6．When international aid is given，steps must be taken to ensure that the aid reaches the people to whom it is intended.第二个to→for ‎7．He was desperate in need of help but nobody seemed to want to help.desperate→desperately ‎8．Everyone should be concerning about the future of his own country.concerning→concerned Ⅳ.语段填词 ‎1．Last week when we took part in the election of our county, a worker there served us a glass of water and left us sitting there for a long time. We all complained about the service. (serve)‎ ‎2．With the intention of becoming attractive in the activity, many young women intend to wear traditional costumes and beautiful decorations. (intend)‎ ‎3．As far as I am concerned,_the issue concerning the education of the children is a hot concern,_because all the parents are concerned about their children and hope their children have the ability to compete with others. (concern)‎ ‎4．In my view, everyone in the world is eager for happiness. In other words, all people on the earth eagerly hope for happiness. (eager)‎ Ⅴ.完成句子 ‎1．他刚一做完就知道自己犯了一个错误。(no sooner...than...)‎ No_sooner_had_he_done_it_than_he_knew he had made a mistake.‎ ‎2．只有当他为他的粗鲁行为道歉后我才会跟他说话。(“only＋状语”位于句首的倒装句)‎ Only when he apologizes for his rudeness will_I_speak_to_him again.‎ ‎3．直到母亲回来，男孩才开始准备他的功课。(not until置于句首的部分倒装句)‎ Not_until_his_mother_came_back_did the boy begin to prepare his lessons.‎ ‎4．他作了一个冗长无聊的演讲，结果只能证明他的愚蠢。(only to do作结果状语)‎ He made a long boring speech only_to_show_his_foolishness. ‎ ‎5．这门课程是为那些希望提高他们的组织技能的学生开设的。(intend)‎ The course is_intended_for_students_who wish to improve their organizational skills.‎ Ⅵ.微写作 假定你是中学生李华，上周日在湖边读书时发现一个女孩正在水中挣扎。请根据以下要点写一篇看到救人时的场景。‎ ‎1．救人的经过；‎ ‎2．拒绝女孩父母作为回报给的钱。‎ 注意：1.请根据以上要点写一篇100词左右的短文；‎ ‎2．尽量使用本模块的知识点；‎ ‎3．可适当增加细节， 以使行文连贯。‎ I was reading a book of a famous American novelist when suddenly I heard someone crying for help. Hurrying to get there, I was astonished to see a desperate scene. A girl was struggling in the water. I intended to save her. A young man jumped into the water without hesitation. The moment he got close to her, he caught her by the arm and we helped him to drag the girl out of the water. No sooner had the girl landed on the bank than her parents arrived. Her parents wanted to give the young man money as a reward for saving their girl but he refused.‎ What a great young man!‎ Ⅶ.课文语法填空 Oliver Twist and his __1__ (company) in the workhouse slowly starved for three months and they became quite wild with hunger because each boy __2__ only one bowl of soup and no more.Among them，there was a boy __3__ father had kept a cook shop.One day，he said if he did not have another bowl of soup each day，he might eat __4__ small young boy who slept next to him.So the boys decided to choose one to ask the warden __5__ more food.‎ Oliver Twist was picked out. __6__ (desperation) with hunger and misery，Oliver Twist walked towards the master to ask for more food.The warden stared at the child in complete __7__ (astonish)．No sooner __8__ the boy spoken these words __9__ the warden hit him on the head.Then he seized Oliver's arms and shouted for Mr Bumble.The next morning a notice was put up on the door of the workhouse，__10__ (offer)a reward to anybody who would employ Oliver Twist.‎ ‎1．companions　2.was_served　3.whose　4.the　5.for ‎6．Desperate　7.astonishment　8.had　9.than　10.offering 学习至此，请完成课时作业39‎