初二上册英语第二单元知识点归纳 24页

初二上册英语第二单元知识点归纳 Unit2 How often do you exercise?‎ 知识点讲解 ‎1．How often do you exercise？你多久锻炼一次？ ‎ ‎【解析】本句是含有特殊疑问词how often 的特殊疑问句。‎ how often 多久一次，用于对动作发生的频率进行提问。回答应该是频度副词或表示频率的词组，如always，usually，often，sometimes，hardly，ever，never，every day，once a week，three times a day 等。‎ Eg.—How often do you go to the movies?你多久去看一次电影？‎ ‎—Once a week. 一周一次。‎ how often: 多久一次，用来提问在某一特定时间内进行某个动作的次数，答语有never, sometimes, often, usually, always, three times a year等。‎ how long: 多长时间， 用来对“for + 一段时间”提问，强调时间的延续，其谓语动词应为延续性动词；此外，还可用于询问物体的长度。‎ how soon: 需要多长时间，过多久才……对“in+一段时间”或” ,②“since+时间段+ago”等时间短语提问，答语有in a week/ month/ year等。‎ how far：多远，用来询问距离，答语常用“数字 + miles/ kilometers”等。‎ ‎ 由how形成的特殊疑问词 ‎ ‎· 基本用法 ‎ 由how形成的特殊疑问词很多，具体提问内容不同，主要有：‎ ‎ 1. how often 提问事情发生的频率。‎ ‎ How often do we do this? ‎ ‎ 我们多长时间做一次这事？‎ ‎​ 2. how long 提问事情持续时间的长短。‎ ‎ How long have you had it? ‎ ‎ 你有这个毛病有多久了？​ ‎ ‎ 3. how soon 意为“还要多久”，是对从某个基本时间到将来某动作结束或某动作发生这段时间提问常用在一般将来时态的句子中。‎ ‎ How soon could you get back to me? ‎ ‎ 你多快能给我回话呢？​‎ ‎ 4. how fast 提问多快。‎ ‎ How fast can this car go? ‎ ‎ 这车能跑多快?‎ ‎ 5. how many 提问可数名词的数量多少 。‎ ‎ But how many of us achieve all these goals? ‎ ‎ 但是我们中有多少人实现了所有这些目标呢？‎ ‎​ 6. how much 提问不可数名词的数量多少以及询问价钱；‎ ‎ 当询问价格时，后面一定是跟物品而非价格，如How much are the shoes?‎ ‎ How much money do you owe him? ‎ ‎ 你该他多少钱?‎ ‎​ 7. how far 提问距离多远。‎ ‎ How far can you chunk a pumpkin? ‎ ‎ 你能把一个南瓜扔多远呢？‎ 知识小总结：‎ ‎3）how often表示“多久一次”，是对动作的频率进行提问。其回答通常有：‎ ‎ 频率副词： always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever, never how often 次数＋时间段: 如：once or twice a week ‎ every ＋时间段: every day (每天) 区别：everyday（每天的；日常的）‎ 注意：表示“一次或两次”时，一般用once和twice表示。如：once a month(一个月一次)‎ 而表示“三次或以上”时，则用“数词＋times”结构。如：five times a year (一年五次)‎ ‎4） 由how构成的疑问词组的用法 ‎“多少”‎ ‎（1） how many+ 可数名词复数 如：how many programs how much+不可数名词。 如：how much coffee ‎ 但how much=what’s the price of..? 还有“多少钱”的意思 如：How much are those pants?‎ ‎(2)how many times: “多少次”. 其答语表示次数。如：once ,twice，three times等 ‎(3) How old...? 询问年龄 如：How old are you? I am five.‎ ‎“how long…?”‎ ‎(4) 多久(时间) 常用 for two days，for three hours等回答。‎ ‎ 多长（某物的长度） 如：---How long is the river? --- 10 kms. ‎ ‎ (5)how soon 用来询问过多久，多久以后，其答语是in two hours，in three days等。‎ ‎ 如：How soon wil he come back？ In an hour。‎ ‎【解析】exercise v 锻炼 =do sports= play sports ‎【短语】take /have/do exercise 做运动 do morning exercise 做早操 ‎ ‎ do eye exercise 做眼保健操 ‎【拓展】exercise作名词时，意为“锻炼；运动”时是不可数名词，意为“体操；练习”时是可数名词。例如：‎ I should eat less food and take more exercise.‎ 我应该少吃饭，多锻炼。‎ We do morning exercise every morning.‎ 我们每天早上都晨练。‎ ‎2. help with housework 帮助做家务 ‎ ‎（1） help with sth. 意为“帮助做某事”拓展：help sb. with sth.= help sb. （to） do sth. 帮助某人做某事 Eg: I often help him with his English.= I often help him (to) learn English. 我经常帮他学习英语。‎ ‎（2）housework 意为“家务劳动”。不可数名词。‎ ‎· 基本用法 ‎ n. housework 家务事，是不可数名词，do housework 相当于do chores。‎ ‎ She often helps her parents do housework.‎ ‎ 她经常帮助父母做家务。‎ ‎· 知识拓展---相关单词 ‎ homework n. 家庭作业 ‎ do one's homework 做家庭作业 ‎ He usually does his homework at 6:00 o'clock every day.‎ ‎ 他每天六点做作业。‎ ‎1. They have housework to do.A. many B. much 3、 What do you usually do on weekends? 你在周末做什么？‎ ‎“ I usually play soccer.” “我通常踢足球。”‎ 解析：第一个do为助动词,在这起帮助构成疑问的作用；而第二个do则是实义动词。‎ Eg1)What do you usually do on weekends? I often go to the movies.‎ Eg2)What does she usually do on weekends? She sometimes go hiking.‎ ‎【解析1】频度副词 意思 频度 always ‎ 总是，一直，‎ ‎100%‎ usually 通常，经常 ‎90%‎ often 常常，经常 ‎70%‎ sometimes = at times ‎ 有时，不时 ‎40%‎ hardly ever= almost not 几乎从不 ‎5%‎ never ‎ 从不，决不 ‎0%‎ 规律总结：‎ ‎ 1. 这些副词在句子中的位置基本相同，一般放在助动词、be动词或情态动词之后，行为动词之前。‎ ‎ 2. hardly和never均为否定副词，有二者的句子不需再加no或not构成否定，因其本身就是否定句。‎ ‎ 3. 就这些表示拼读的副词提问时，常用how often。‎ ‎【拓展】some time /sometime/some times/sometimes ‎【口诀】：分开是一段，合起是某时； 分开s 是倍次，合起s是某时 ‎(1)some time一段时间，做时间状语 It takes sb some time to do sth 做某事花费某人多长时间 sometime adv 在某个时候，‎ ‎（ ）I hope to visit the USA _____ in the future.‎ ‎ A. sometimes B. some times C. sometime D. some time ‎ ‎ (3) some times 名词词组，“几次，几倍”‎ sometimes=at times 有时 （一般现在时的标志词）‎ ‎－______ do you write an English article for our school newspaper? —Sometimes.‎ ‎ A. How long B. How often C. How much D. How far ‎【解析2】weekend/weekday辨析 单词 意思 范围 weekend 周末 周六、周日 weedday ‎ 工作日 周一至周五 ‎【解析】on weekends = on Saturday and Sunday 在周末 ‎ on weekdays= from Monday to Friday 在工作日 ‎( ) The teachers never arrive late for work from Monday to Friday.‎ A. on weekdays B. on weekends C. every day D. five times a week.‎ 辨析：sometimes ，some times ，sometime ， some time sometimes 是频度副词，意为“有时；间或”，表示动作发生的频率，相当于at times提问。常用于一般现在时与一般过去时。提问用how often some times 是名词短语，意为“几倍、 几次”。time作可数名词时可作“次数”解；表示“时间”时是不可数名词。How mang times sometime 某个时候。可指过去或将来的某个时候。提问用when some time 一段时间。常与for连用。对它提问用how long 。‎ 口诀记忆：分开“一段时间” ；相聚“某个时候”。‎ Eg：Sometimes I get up very late. 有时我起床很晚。‎ I will go to shanghai sometime next week. 下周某个时候我要去上海。‎ He reads the story some times. 他读这个故事几遍了。‎ I’ll stay here for some time. 我将会在这儿呆一段时间。‎ 练习：‎ ‎① We plan to stay in Hainan for . 我们打算在海南呆一段时间。‎ ‎② I am sure that we have met before. 我肯定我们之前见过几次了。‎ ‎③ I have letters from him. 有时我会收到他的来信。‎ ‎4. Hardly ever 几乎从不 ‎【解析】hard (1)adv 努力地，猛烈地 work hard 努力工作 study hard 努力学习 ‎(2) adj. 困难的，艰难的 =difficult ‎ ‎◆It’s hard/difficult for sb to do sth 做某事对某人来说是困难的 It’s hard for us ____________(finish) the work without other’s help.‎ ‎【拓展】hardly adv “几乎不，从来不” ，表否定意义，常与can ,any ,ever 连用。‎ ‎ I can hardly believe it.‎ ‎ ( ) It’s raining ____ .People can _____ go out.‎ ‎ A. hard; hardly B. hardly; hard C. hard ; hard D. hardly ; hardly ‎【注】 形容雨雪下的大用hard/heavy 辨析：hard/hardly ‎ 1. hard可充当形容词和副词两种角色。‎ ‎ (1)用作形容词有“硬的”，“困难的、艰难的”的意思。其中用作“难的”讲时，在口语中与difficult通用。‎ ‎ The problem is too hard, I can't work it out. ‎ ‎ 这个问题太难了，我算不出来。 ‎ ‎ (2)用作副词，意为“努力地、刻苦地”，“猛烈地”，hard用作“猛烈地”讲时，同heavily相同。 ‎ ‎ He works hard only before exams. ‎ ‎ 他只在考试前努力学习。 ‎ ‎ It is raining hard outside. You can't go out. ‎ ‎ 外面正下着大雨。你不能出去。 ‎ ‎ 2.‎ ‎ hardly只用作副词，意思是“几乎不”、“仅仅”、“才”，表示否定概念，常和any连用。hardly any相当于 almost no(not)。hardly是具有否定意味的词，‎ ‎ 它不能再与其它否定词一起连用，在由它构成的反意疑问句中，尾句的疑问式须用肯定式。 ‎ ‎ Hardly anybody(Almost nobody) came to the meeting. ‎ ‎ 几乎没有人来开会。‎ hardly 几乎不，一般位于动词之前。 hard 努力，位于动词之后。‎ eg：He hardly works. 他几乎不工作。 He works hard. 他工作努力。‎ ‎5. use the Internet 用互联网 use sth. to do sth. 用某物做某事eg：I use a knife to cut bread. 我用刀切面包。‎ 短语：on the Internet 在网上 ， surf the Internet 网上冲浪，上网 ‎5. What’s your favorite program？ 你最喜欢的节目是什么？‎ 句型：What’s your favorite...?=What... do you like best？你最喜欢的......是什么？‎ ‎1.What’s your favorite animal？你最喜欢的动物是什么？= _______________________‎ ‎【解析】favorite adj. 最喜欢的 = like …..best ‎ ‎ one’s favorite + 名词 某人最喜欢的 ___________(I) favorite subject is English. --- What’s your favorite ______, Bob? --- Cats. They’re so lovely.‎ A. plant B. job C. sport D. animal ‎6. Are you free next week？ 你下周有空吗？‎ free 意为“空闲的，有空的”，反义词busy。 be free 意为“闲着，有空”‎ eg:：He is free now.他现在有空。‎ 拓展：free还可译为“免费的”‎ Eg：The tickets are free. 票是免费的 ‎【解析】free ①adj. 空闲的 be free = have time 有时间 ‎ ② adj. 自由的，免费的 ‎ ‎ be free to do sth 随心所欲的做某事 ‎7.twice a week一周两次 ‎ ‎【解析】英语中，once表示“一次”，twice表示“两次”，从三次或三次以上通常用“基数词+times”表示，time 在这里是可数名词，‎ ‎ 意为“次数”，复数形式直接加“s”，如：“六次”six times，“十次”ten times。‎ ‎· 知识拓展---其他用法 ‎ 1. once 作时间副词，once upon a time“从前”，多用在过去时中；介词短语at once 意为“立刻、马上”。‎ ‎ 2. 用于状语从句中，表示“一旦……”。如：‎ ‎ Once the sun had set, the air turned cold.‎ ‎ 太阳一落，空气就变冷了。‎ ‎ 3. 就“次/倍数”名词提问用how many times, 就“次数+a+week/month等”提问用how often。‎ ‎ 4. twice以及“基数词+times”还表示倍数，即“两倍或几倍”。‎ ‎2）表示“……几次”的表达方法是：‎ once a day/ a week/ a month/ a year   ‎ twice a day/ a week/ a month/ a year ‎8. Hmm...next week is quite full for me，Jack.呣……下周我很忙，杰克。‎ quite full 很忙，相当忙.‎ 拓展：1.full 还可译为“满的，充满的”。‎ Eg：The bus was full when they got there. 翻译______________________________________‎ ‎2.full 还可译为“饱的”。‎ Eg：I can’t eat any more，I am quite full. 我不能再吃了，我相当饱了。‎ ‎【解析】 full adj. 忙的 = busy ‎ ‎ adj. 满的；充满的 be full of = be filled with 充满 This shelf is full of / filled with books. ‎ ‎— Help yourself to some more meat,Linda. ‎ ‎ — ___________.‎ ‎ A. I’m full, thanks B. It’s my pleasure ‎ C. It doesn’t matter D. Very well, thank you ‎ adj. full 满的；充满的；充分的，充足的，完全的 ‎ The glass is full. ‎ ‎ 杯子满了。‎ ‎ full-time job 全职工作 ‎· 知识拓展： 常用短语 be full of = be filled with “充满的，富有的” ‎ This shelf is full of / filled with books. ‎ ‎ The room is full of people. We can't go in.‎ ‎ 房子里满是人，我们进不去。‎ ‎ 反义词 empty “空的”‎ full adj. 吃饱的；过饱的，其反义词是hungry，意为“饥饿的”。‎ Eg. Are you hungry or full？你饿了还是饱了？‎ ‎ 词义辨析：fill/full ‎ 1. fill为及物动词，表“使……满”，常与介词with搭配，表达“被……充满”时用be filled with结构。如：‎ ‎ The bottle is filled with water. ‎ ‎ 这只瓶子装满了水。‎ ‎ He was filled with joy at the news. ‎ ‎ 听到这个消息，他内心充满了喜悦。‎ ‎ 2. full是形容词，多作表语，表示主语所处的状态，常见于be full of结构中。如：‎ ‎ The schoolbag is full of books. ‎ ‎ 书包里装满了书。‎ ‎ 注：be filled with = be full of，但介词with与of 不能混淆。如：‎ ‎ The room is full of people. = The room is filled with people.‎ ‎9、She sometimes goes shopping. 她有时去购物。‎ ‎【解析】 shop ① n 商店= store ‎ ‎②v 购物 go shopping 去购物 do some shopping 购物 ‎ I often go with my friends on weekends. (shop) ‎ ‎【拓展】go +动词ing go swimming 去游泳 go skating 去滑冰 go fishing 去钓鱼 ‎ go boating 去划船 go hiking 去远足 go hunting去打猎 ‎( ) — It’s a fine day. How about ______? — Sounds great!‎ ‎ A. go hiking B. go to hike C. going hiking D. to go to hike ‎【解析】sometimes为频度副词，意为“有时候”，多用于一般现在时或一般过去时中。‎ ‎ 辨析： sometimes, sometime, some time与some times ‎ Sometimes意为“有时”，可放于句首或句中。（How often提问）‎ ‎ Sometime表示在某个时间段内的某个时候，既可以表示过去某个时间也可以表示将来的某个时间。（When提问）‎ ‎ Some time 名词性短语，意为“一些时间”，time是不可数名词，意为“时间”。（How long提问）‎ ‎ Some times表示“几次”，time是可数名词，表示“次；次数”。（How many times提问）‎ Eg. Even friends sometimes disagree. 即使是朋友，有时也会意见不合。‎ ‎ I hope to see you again sometime next year. 我希望明年的某个时候能再见到你。‎ ‎ Please give me some time to red this passage.请给我一些时间看这篇文章。‎ ‎ I have been to Beijing some times before. 我以前去过北京几次。‎ ‎10、 How come? 怎么会？ 怎么回事？‎ How come?是固定表达，意为“怎么回事？/怎么会？”表示某件事情很奇怪，有点想不通；可单独使用，也可引导一个问句， 相当于疑问句 why, 但 how come 开头的特殊疑问句使用的仍然是陈述语序。‎ How come Tom didn’t come to the party? = Why didn’t Tom come to the party?‎ ‎11. I have dance and piano lessons. 我要上舞蹈课和英语课。‎ have 在此意为“上……课”。‎ Eg: They’re having an English lesson. 他们正在上英语课。‎ 扩展：have lessons 上课 ， Lesson One 第一课 ‎12. Well ，how about Tuesday？ 哦，那周二呢？‎ How about...? (=What about...?) 意为“……怎么样？”，用来征求对方的意见。‎ Eg: How about this book? 这本书怎样？‎ How / What about doing sth. ...? 做……怎么样？‎ Eg：---What will we do on Sunday？ 星期天我们什么？‎ ‎---How about visiting the museum？ 去参观博物馆咋样？‎ ‎1. It’s sunny today，What about ________（play）tennis？‎ ‎13．I go to the movies maybe once a month.我可能一月去看电影一次。‎ ‎【解析】maybe adv. 大概；或许；可能 Eg. Maybe that man is a policeman. 或许那人是警察。‎ maybe 和may be maybe 副词，意为“或许；大概”，常位于句首表推测。‎ Maybe he is at Jim's home.‎ 或许他在吉姆家。‎ may be 由情态动词may和 be构成，意为“可能是、也许是”，在句中作谓语。‎ He may be right.‎ 他可能是对的。‎ ‎【解析1】go to the movies = go to the cinema = see the film 去看电影 ‎【解析2】maybe/may be辨析：‎ ‎ （1） maybe =perhaps adv 也许，可能，表示推测，通常用于句首，在句中作状语。‎ ‎( ) ______ Li Hua wants to be an astronaut like Yang Liwei.‎ ‎ A. May be B. May C. Also D. Maybe ‎ ‎（2）may be 是“情态动词may +动词原形be”, 或许，可能是，也表示推测，在句中作谓语。可以和maybe 互换。‎ Tom’s pen may be in his backpack.‎ ‎ =Maybe Tom’s pen is in his backpack Now all of us exercise at ____ least ____ hour a day in and outside school.‎ A. the ; a B. a; an C. /; a D. /; an ‎ ⑶ although是连词，意为“虽然，尽管，即使”。例如：‎ Although he is young, he knows a lot.虽然他很年轻，但是他知道很多。‎ ‎【注意】although=though,汉语中可以说“虽然……，但是……”，但英语中although/though与but不能同时出现在同一个句子中。‎ ‎14．He plays at least twice a week.他至少一周踢(足球) 两次。‎ ‎【解析】least adv.最小；最少　adj.& pron.最少的；最小的，它是little的最高级。‎ Eg. He has least money of all of us. 在我们所有人中他的钱最少。‎ She works least. 她工作最少。‎ We have least time.我们时间最少。‎ at least 至少；不少于；起码，其反义短语为：at most 至多 ‎15. On Wednesday and Friday. 在周三和周五 ‎ 【解析】介词at/ in /on /for表示时间：‎ ‎1)at.表示某一具体时间点，某一时刻/ 年龄 ‎ at six o’clock at noon at that time at the moment at the age of at night ‎ ‎2)in表示时间段,一天的三个时间段以及月份,年,季节,世纪,人生的某个时期(某人几十岁时) ‎ ‎ In the morning/afternoon /evening in spring /in 2007/in March ‎ in the twenty-first century in his fifties ‎3)on表示星期几/某一具体的日子/具体某天的上午/下午/晚上,表示一天中的三个时间段名词前有修饰语或后有修饰语时. ‎ ‎ On Monday on New Year’s Day on Sunday morning on a rainy night ‎ g. At least he should say thanks. 他至少应该说声谢谢。‎ ‎16.“What’s your favorite program?” ‎ ‎“It’s Animal World.”“你最喜欢什么节目？”“动物世界。”‎ ‎【解析】favorite adj. 最喜欢的 = like …..best ‎ ‎ one’s favorite + 名词 某人最喜欢的 ___________(I) favorite subject is English.‎ ‎ --- What’s your favorite ______, Bob? --- Cats. They’re so lovely.‎ A. plant B. job C. sport D. animal ‎17. I watch TV every day. 我每天都看电视 ‎【解析】 (1) every day 每天= each day 做状语，放在句末，‎ 对其提问用 how often ‎ He exercises every day.‎ ‎ (2) everyday adj. 每天的 ，作定语，修饰名词，放在名词之前 ‎ ‎ everyday English 日常英语 ‎18.As for homework , most students do homework every day .  ‎ 解析：as for...意思是“至于；关于”，常用于句首作状语，其后跟名词、代词或动词的-ing形式（即动名词）。‎ 如：As for him，I never want to see him here. 至于他，我永远不希望在这里见到。‎ As for the story，you'd better not believe it. 关于那故事，你最好不要相信。‎ As for myself, I don’t want to go now. 至于我自己，我现在不想去。‎ As for the man, I know nothing about him. 至于那个人，我什么都不知道。‎ ‎19. They often help with housework. 他们经常帮忙做家务。‎ ‎ 【解析】help v 帮助→helpful adj 有帮助的 help sb. (to) do sth=help sb. with sth 帮助某人做某事 help sb. with sth 在某方面帮助某人 I often help my mother with housework on weekends help(to) do sth 帮助某人做某事 She was coming to help clean the machine help sb. (to) do 帮某人做某事 Mr. Wang helped me (to ) repair my ‎ sth ‎ bike.‎ ‎① My mom helps me_______(do) my homework.‎ ‎=My mom helps me with my homework.‎ ‎② My teacher’s words are ________(help) to me.‎ ‎( )③A lot of vegetables can help us ____ in good ____.‎ ‎ A. keep; health B. to keep; healthy C. keeping ;health D.keeps; health ‎20. —What kind of dance are you learning ? 你在学什么舞？‎ ‎ — Swing dance 摇摆舞 ‎【解析】kind (1) n 种类 kind of +adj.有点，有几分，kind of cold 有点冷 a kind of 一种的，某种的 all kinds of 各种各样的 different kinds of 不同种类的 ‎ What kind of…?哪种…? ‎ ‎. - What______ bowl of noodles would you like, small, medium or large?‎ ‎- A large bowl of beef noodles, please. A. color B. price C. size D. kind ‎(2) adj. 友好的 be kind to sb. =be friendly to sb. 对某人友好 ‎ It's kind _ you _ help me with my English.‎ ‎ A. of; to B. for; to C. of; for D. to; to ‎ 【解析2】swing n 秋千 There is a kid playing on the swing. v. 摆动，荡秋千 ‎ swing dance 摇摆舞 【记】s + wing(翅膀) →swing ‎21.no adj. (1)没有的= not any/not a /not an There is no chalk on the teacher’s desk. = There is not a chalk on the teacher’s desk.‎ ‎(2) no 不要，禁止 ‎ No swimming ！禁止游泳No parking! 禁止停车！No photos! 禁止拍照！‎ ‎22. How about Tuesday? 那么周二呢？‎ ‎【解析】 How about = what about... ......怎么样？（用来询问对方的情况或征求意见）‎ ‎ How about doing sth = what about doing sth? ‎ ‎① How about _______________(go) swimming?‎ ‎②— What about ____ a rest?‎ ‎ — OK! Let’s go for a walk. ‎ ‎ A. to have B. had C. have D. having ‎23. How often do they stay up late? 他们多久熬一次夜？‎ ‎【解析】stay up 熬夜 = sit up ‎ ‎.stay up与stay up late区别 ‎1）stay up “熬夜、不睡觉”‎ 如：He stayed up all night to write his story.他熬了一整夜写他的小说。‎ ‎2）stay up late“熬夜到很晚，迟睡”‎ 如：Don’t stay up late next time.下次不要再熬夜很晚了。‎ ‎ stay at home 呆在家里 stay away from 远离 ‎( ) If you stay up , you will be tired. ‎ ‎ A. go to bed late B. don’t go to bed C. work hard D. sleep early ‎24. How often do you eat junk food? 你多久吃一次垃圾食品？‎ ‎【解析】 junk food 垃圾食品 green food 绿色食品 ‎ natural food 天然食品 healthy food 健康食品 ‎25. 频度副词 ‎【解析】频度副词表示经常性的动作或情况，常和一般现在时连用，表示现在经常或反复发生的动作，按其频率发生的高低分别是：always 总是； usually 通常；often 经常； sometimes ‎ 有时；hardly ever 几乎不；never 从不。对这些频度副词进行提问时，用特殊疑问词how often，意为“多久一次”。‎ Eg. They always go to the park by bus. 他们总是乘公共汽车去公园。‎ Kate is often late for school. 凯特经常上学迟到。‎ I sometimes_watch TV programs.(对画线部分提问)‎ How often do you watch TV programs? 你多久看一次电视节目？‎ ‎26. But my mother wants me to drink it. 但我妈妈想让我喝它。‎ want为及物动词，意为“想要”，其后接名词或动词不定式，相当于would like, 但would like的语气更为委婉。‎ want sb. to do sth.= would like to do sth. 意为“想让某人做某事”，否定形式为want sb. not to do sth. 意为“不想让某人做某事”。‎ Eg：She wants me to bring him some pens. 她想让我给她带些钢笔。‎ 拓展：1.want sth. 想要某物Do you want any story books？你想要些故事书吗？‎ ask sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事 ‎ ‎ tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事 help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事 ‎2.want to do sth. 想要做某事I want to visit my uncle. 我想去看望我的叔叔。‎ Do you want （tell）me anything？‎ ‎27．She says it's good for my health. 她说它对我的健康有益。‎ ‎· 基本用法 ‎ be good for “对……有益，对……有好处”，介词for 后接名词或代词。‎ ‎ It's not good for your eyes to read books in the sun.‎ ‎ 太阳底下看书对眼睛不好。‎ ‎ · 知识拓展 ‎ 反义词 ‎ be bad for “对……有害”‎ ‎ It's bad for the environment to throw rubbish everywhere.‎ ‎ 到处扔垃圾对环境不好。‎ ‎ 词义辨析：be good(bad) to/be good(bad) for/be good(bad) at ‎ 1. be good to意为“对……友好”。 ‎ ‎ My friend was good to me when I was ill. ‎ ‎ 我生病的时候，朋友对我很好。‎ ‎ 2. be good for意为 “对……有好处”. ‎ ‎ Eating more vegetables is good for your health. ‎ ‎ 多吃蔬菜对你的健康有好处。‎ ‎ 3. be good at 意为“擅长……”，后接名词、代词或v-ing形式. ‎ ‎ I'm good at playing chess. ‎ ‎ 我擅长下象棋。 ‎ ‎ 4. be bad to 对...态度不好，对… 差劲 ‎ ‎ He is bad to me.‎ ‎ 他对我不友好。‎ ‎ 5. be bad for 对…有害处.‎ ‎ Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.‎ ‎ 太阳底下看书对眼睛不好。‎ ‎ 6. be bad at 不善于，拙于 ‎ She is bad at keeping secrets.‎ ‎ 她不善于保守秘密。‎ ‎7、 be good with 与……相处融洽 The teacher is good with his students. 这位老师和他的学生相处融洽。‎ ‎. be good to 对……友好 ‎ My new deskmate is good to me. 我的新同桌对我很友好。‎ health n. 健康，是不可数名词。‎ ‎ I think health is more important than money. 我认为健康比金钱更重要。‎ be in good/poor health 身体状况好/不好 My grandparents are both in good health. 我祖父母身体都很好。‎ healthy adj. 健康的 We should eat healthy food. 我们应当吃健康的食物。‎ unhealthy adj.不健康的 Junk food is unhealthy. 垃圾食品是不健康的。‎ keep healthy = keep fit = stay healthy=keep in good health 保持健康 ‎【拓展】n+y=adj. windy , cloudy, sunny, funny , snowy.‎ ‎① Doing sports can help us keep ___________(health)‎ ‎② They eat very ____________(health).‎ ‎③ Mike is good for our ____________(health).‎ ‎④ I think eating more _____ food can help us keep _____.‎ ‎ A. health; healthy B. healthy ; health C. healthy; healthy ‎28.How many hours do you sleep every night？你每天晚上睡几个小时？‎ ‎【解析】how many 和how much how many和how much都可以表示“多少”，但how many后接可数名词复数，而how much后接不可数名词。‎ Eg. How many girls can you see? 你能看见多少个女孩？‎ How much milk do you want? 你想要多少牛奶？‎ ‎【拓展】‎ 词语 词义 用法 答语特征 how long 多久 询问时间多久 for/about+一段时间 how often 多久一次 询问动作的频率 often, twice a week等 how soon 多快，过多久 询问时间多快 in+一段时间 how far 多远 询问距离多远 ten minutes’ walk how many 多少 询问可数名词数量 数词+可数名词复数 how much 多少 询问不可数名词数量 数词+表示量的词+不可数名词 多少钱 询问价格 数词+钱 ‎29. Last month we asked our students about their free time activities. 上个月我们向学生询问了他们业余活动的情况。‎ ask sb. about sth. “询问某人关于某事”‎ Eg:I asked my teacher about today’s homework. ____________________________。‎ ‎【解析1 】ask sb about sth 向某人询问有关……的情况 ‎ ask sb to do sth请/要某人去做某事(否定形式)ask sb. not to do sth ‎ ask sb. for sth 向某人要某物 ‎ ‎【解析2】active adj. 活跃的 → activity n 活动 My friend is _______________(active).‎ ‎30. Although many students like to watch sports. 虽然许多学生喜欢看体育节目 ‎【解析】although=though conj 虽然，即使;不能与but 连用，引导让步状语从句 ‎.although=though虽然 <不能与but连用>  ‎ 如：Although he is old, he is quite strong.(He is old, but he is quite strong.)‎ 解析：句子中，有although或though就不可再用but，但可用yet或still“仍然，还”；与之类似的情况：有because就不能再用so.  ‎ ‎( ) ①_____ he isn’t rich enough, he often gives away money to some poor children.‎ A. Though B. When C. Because D. If ‎( ) ②____ he is very tried, he still tries ______.‎ ‎ A. Because ; work B. Because; to work ‎ C. Although; working D. Although ;to work ‎ my father isn’t pleased with his working environment, he still works hard.‎ ‎ A. And B. Although C. But D. Before ‎31. Here are the results. 这是（调查）结果。‎ here 位于句首，句子要倒装。当主语是名词性短语时，要用全倒装，即“here +谓语+主语”；当主语是人称代词时，要用半倒装，即“here+ 主语+谓语”。‎ Eg：Here is your jacket. 这是你的夹克。Here he comes. 他来到这儿。Here comes the bus. 汽车来了。‎ ‎32、.…twenty percent students don’t exercise at all. …百分之20的学生根本不锻炼。‎ ‎①. 百分数由percent来表示，构成：基数词+percent 。‎ Eg：Seventy percent of the boys like playing computer games. 男生中70%喜欢完电脑游戏。‎ ‎② not... at all 意为“一点儿也不，根本不”。用来加强否定语气。‎ Eg：I don’t know about it at all. 对那件事我一点也不知道。‎ 拓展：not at all = you are welcome 意为“不用谢，不客气” 用于答谢的礼貌用语。‎ ‎—Thank you for all your help. 谢谢你的帮助。‎ ‎ —Not at all. 别客气。‎ ‎33、. Although many students like to watch sports，game shows are the most popular. 尽管许多学生喜欢看运动类节目，但游戏类节目是最受欢迎的。‎ although 连词。意为“虽然，尽管”。but 意为“但是”。英语中，although与but不能同时使用。‎ Eg：Although it rained，the boys still played outside.‎ ‎= It rained，but the boys still played outside. 尽管天下雨了，但男孩们仍在外面玩耍。‎ ‎1. My cousin knows a lot about geography， he is only four years old.‎ A. because B. so C. although ‎34.It's good to relax by using the Internet or watching game shows，but we think the best way to relax is through exercise.尽管通过上网或观看游戏节目对放松很有好处，但是我们认为锻炼是最好的放松方式。‎ ‎【解析】这是一个“It’s+adj++to do sth.”的句型结构，意为“做某事是…..”。其中it是形式主语，真正主语是动词不定式 to relax by using the Internet or watching game shows；‎ 拓展：It’s + adj.(easy,difficult,important,necessary) +(for sb.) to do sth.‎ It’s+adj+（for sb.）+to do sth. 意为 “（对某人来说）做某事是……的”。‎ 该句中的形容词用于描述事物的特征，表客观情况，如difficult（困难的），hard(困难的)，easy（容易的）‎ Eg：It’s very important to listen carefully in class. 上课认真听讲很重要。‎ It’s easy for us to swim. 对我们来说游泳很容易。‎ It’s +adj( kind, honest, friendly, )+(of sb) to do sth.： 意为“某人做某事是…….”，该句中的形容词用于描述人物的品质，表主观情感和态度。‎ 句型“It is+adj.+(for sb)to do sth."和“It is+adj.+(of sb)to do sth.区别 ‎"两个句型中，for sb和of sb怎么区别，在使用时要注意adj是说明sb的品质特点的还是说明to do sth的就可以了.‎ 即：说明sb的品质特点用of sb;说明to do sth用for sb.，‎ ‎　　简单一句话说就是：说人的用of sb.； 说事的用for sb。‎ 1） for sb.常用于表示事物的特征特点,表示客观形式的形容词，如easy,hard,difficult,interesting,important ‎,impossible等;‎ 如：It's very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。‎ ‎2）of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。‎ 如：It's very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我，你真是太好了。‎ 例:It is difficult for him to finish the task within two hours.(difficult 说明完成任务难)‎ ‎　 It is kind of you to help me.‎(kind说明你善良)‎ By在此处表示方式、方法、手段，意为“凭借；靠；用；通过”。其后通常接名词或动名词，作方式状语，可放在句首也可放在句末。‎ By作为介词用法：by+交通工具 乘…. by+时间 在….之前，到….为止 by+地点 在…..旁边；靠近…..‎ ‎35、Although many students like to watch sports. 虽然许多学生喜欢看体育节目 ‎【解析】 although=though conj 虽然，即使;不能与but 连用，引导让步状语从句 ‎【解析】through + 手段、 媒介 “以，凭借，穿过” by + ving/ 工具名词 ‎【辨析】through/across ‎ ‎ (1)through “从……中经过” ，强调动作发生在立体空间，指从物体的空间内部穿过，如门、窗、洞、森林等 ‎ (2) across “横越，穿过” , 指从表面走过或从一边到另一边。‎ ‎( ) ①_____ he isn’t rich enough, he often gives away money to some poor children.‎ ‎ A. Though B. When C. Because D. If ‎( ) ②____ he is very tried, he still tries ______. A. Because ; work B. Because; to work C. Although; working D. Although ;to work across/along/over/through/past ‎ 这些词均有“横过、穿过”之意。‎ ‎ across 指“从……的一边到另一边”，强调横过，多与动态动词连用。‎ ‎ along 指沿着一条直线在水平方向上运动。一般表动态，有时也与静态动词连用。‎ ‎ over 常和动态动词连用，指“从……上面越过”或“横越”；表静态时，指“在彼处”。‎ ‎ through 侧重从一端穿到另一端。‎ ‎ past （时间、数量等）过；通过，经过 ；（范围、程度、能力等）超过 ‎ She walked across the floor and lay down on the bed.‎ ‎ 她走过地板躺在了床上。‎ ‎ Pedro walked along the street alone.‎ ‎ 佩德罗独自一人沿着这条街走。 The plane is flying over the bridge.‎ ‎ 飞机正在从桥上飞过。 The car slushed through the village. ‎ ‎ 汽车在泥泞中穿过了村庄。 The boys walked past our house.‎ ‎ 孩子们走过我们的房子。‎ ‎ Some of his poems are past comprehension.‎ ‎ 他的某些诗作无法理解。‎ ‎36.Exercise such as playing sports is fun，and you can spend time with your friends and family as you play together.像参加体育运动这样的锻炼是有趣的，并且你可以与你的朋友和家人一起花费时间进行锻炼。‎ ‎【解析】such as 例如；像……这样表示举例，相当于like。‎ Eg. I like animals such as cats and dogs. 我喜欢动物，像猫和狗。‎ such as结构既可表示为“名词＋such as＋例子”，也可表示为“such＋名词＋as＋例子”。‎ Eg. I enjoy songs such as this one.＝I enjoy such songs as this one.我喜欢像这首歌一样的歌。‎ ‎【解析1】such as/ for example辨析：‎ ‎（1）such as “例如，像……一样” 常常列举同类人或物中的几个例子，放在被列举的事物与前面的名词之间。 I like all kinds of sports such as running and swimming.‎ ‎（2）for example 一般只列举同类人或物中的“一个”，做插入语，位于句首、句中或句末。‎ ‎ such as/such…as…‎ ‎ 1. such as是短语连词，意为"诸如"，"例如"，引出的是such前面的词的同位语。‎ ‎ John likes to make furniture, such as chairs and tables. 约翰喜欢做家具，如桌子和椅子之类。‎ ‎ 2. such…as…意为"像……那样的"，"如……之类的"。such之后可跟可数名词，也可跟不可数名词。‎ ‎ 名词前还可以加其他形容词作修饰语。‎ ‎ I want to buy such books as are about science and technology. ‎ ‎ 我想买有关科技方面的书。‎ ‎ Don't read such books as you can't understand. ‎ ‎【解析2】 spend /pay /cost/ take 花费 动词 主语 宾语 句型结构 spend ‎ 人 时间或金钱 sb. spend …on sth/ in doing sth pay 人 金钱 pay…. for ‎ cost 物 金钱 sth cost sb. some money take ‎ it 时间 It takes sb. .. to do sth 重点：① spend timemoney on sth. 在......上花费时间或金钱 He didn’t spend much time on his homework. 他没在作业方面花很多时间。‎ I spend 200 yuan on a new coat. ____________________________________‎ ‎② spend timemoney （in） doing sth. 花费时间或金钱做某事 Don’t spend too much time watching TV. 不要花费太多时间看电视。‎ He always spend his time playing football. ________________________________‎ Eg: I enjoy playing computer games,but I can’t too much time that.‎ A.take, doing B.spend, doing C.spend, for doing D.take, to do ‎37．And remember，“old habits die hard”．请记住：“旧习惯是很难摈弃的”。 ‎ ‎【解析】die v. 消失；消灭；死亡 ‎(1)作“死亡”讲，是不及物动词，不能用于被动语态，强调动作，是瞬间动词，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。‎ Eg.His grandfather died five years ago. 他祖父五年前去世的。　　‎ ‎(2)die可以用于进行时态，表示“即将死去，奄奄一息”。　　‎ Eg.He is dying.他快要死了。‎ dead 死的，是die的形容词形式。可作表语或定语。作表语时，表示状态。　　‎ Eg.His dog has been dead for two weeks. 他的狗已死了两周了。　　　　‎ death 死亡，是die的名词形式。　　‎ Eg.His mother's death made him very sad. 他母亲的去世使他非常难过。‎ ‎ die/dead/death ‎ 1. die 是不及物动词，一般指因生病，负伤等原因而死。且是非延续性动词（瞬间动词），不能和表示 一段时间的状语（for+段时间短语；或since……）连用。‎ ‎ He was born in 1847 and died in 1913. ‎ ‎ 他生于1847年，死于1913年。‎ ‎ His grandfather has been dead for two years. = His grandfather died two years ago. ‎ ‎ 他爷爷去世两年了。‎ ‎ 2. dead 是形容词，表状态，可在句中作表语和定语。但不可作谓语。‎ ‎ He is dead, but his name still lives for ever in our hearts.‎ ‎ 他虽然死了但他的名字将永远活在我们心中。‎ ‎ 3. death是抽象名词，只能在句中作主语或宾语。‎ ‎ The murderer was sentenced to death. ‎ ‎ 杀人犯被宣判死刑。‎ ‎【解析】 remember v 记住，记得 remember to do sth记得去做某事（事情还未做）‎ ‎ remember doing sth 记得做过某事 （事情已做）‎ ‎．Kate, remember ___________for the sick to cheer them up.‎ ‎ A．to sing　 B．not to sing 　 C．singing ‎38.However，she has some bad habits，too.然而，她也有一些坏习惯。‎ ‎· 基本用法 ‎ adv. however 然而，可是，常用于句中，前后有逗号，有时也用于句首或句末。‎ ‎ I’d like to go with you, however, my hands are full.‎ 我想和你一起去，然而我忙不过来。‎ ‎· 知识拓展---词义辨析 ‎ but/however 二者均含“但是，可是，然而，而”之意。‎ ‎ but 口语常用词，语气较强，泛指与前述情况相反。‎ ‎ however 表转折关系，语气稍弱于but，连接性也弱一些，因而常作插入语，however后 通常加逗号。‎ 拓展：‎ ‎【解析】however adv. 然而；不过 ‎.He said that it was so；he was wrong，however他说事情是这样的，但是他错了。‎ however和but 二者都有“然而；但是”之意，具体用法不同。however 副词，可以放在句首、句中或句末，置于句中时，前后通常用逗号隔开。‎ ‎. He wanted to go to the shopping mall，however，he didn't go at last.‎ 他想去购物中心，但最后还是没去。‎ but并列连词，常常在句中，引导一个表示转折关系的并列句。‎ ‎. Mike is young，but he can do it well. 迈克虽然年龄小，但是他能做好那件事。‎ however adv.无论如何；不管怎样，相当于no matter how。‎ ‎.However difficult it is，I want to have a try.＝No matter how difficult it is，I want to have a try.‎ 不管多么难，我都想试一试。‎ too adv.也，常用于肯定句末尾，前用逗号；也可作为插入语放在句中，前后均有逗号。在简略答语里，too常用于宾格人称代词后。‎ ‎. You，too，can do it.你也可以做。‎ ‎—I want to exercise.我想锻炼。‎ ‎—Me，too.我也想。‎ too，also和either 三者都有“也”的意思，但所放位置及所处的句式不同。‎ too常放在肯定句末尾。‎ ‎ I like surfing the Internet，too. 我也喜欢上网。‎ also常放在肯定句中，系动词、助动词或情态动词后，实义动词前。‎ ‎ I also like playing volleyball. 我也喜欢打排球。‎ either常放在否定句末尾。‎ ‎ He didn't go skateboarding，either. 他也没去滑滑板。‎ ‎39.She usually watches TV for more than two hours a day.她通常一天看两个多小时的电视。‎ ‎· 基本用法 ‎ 1. more than 表示“超过，多于”，相当于over。‎ ‎ His father is more than / over fifty.‎ ‎ 他的爸爸50多岁了。‎ ‎ 2. more than表示“不仅”。‎ ‎ She is more than a teacher. She is also a sister.‎ ‎ 她不仅是一位老师，还是一个姐姐。‎ ‎· 知识拓展---词义辨析 ‎ not more than/no more than ‎ 1. no more than 只是；仅仅 ‎ I am no more than a visitor. ‎ ‎ 我只是一个旁观者。‎ ‎ 2. not more than 不超过；至多；不比……更……‎ ‎ Please write an essay of not more than 500 words. ‎ ‎ 请写一篇不多於500字的文章。‎ ‎【解析】more than 多于，常用在数词之前，表示数量超过多少，同义词是over。其反义短语是：less than 少于 ‎ She sleeps more than/over nine hours every day. 她每天睡觉达九个多小时。‎ more than one 后接单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。‎ ‎ More than one answer is to your question. 你的问题答案不只是一个。‎ ‎40. She says she is afraid. 她说她害怕。‎ ‎__【解析】afraid adj “担心的，害怕的”‎ ‎①.be afraid to do sth害怕做某事，（强调主观上的原因不去做）Eg：I am afraid to travel by plane. 我害怕乘飞机旅行。‎ ‎ ②. be afraid of doing sth害怕做某事 （强调为担心出现的状况或结果，是客观造成的而不敢去做）Don’t be afraid of asking questions. 不要怕问问题。‎ be afraid of sb. sth. 害怕某人某物 Eg：She is afraid of the dog. 她害怕那只狗。‎ be afraid to do sth.= 害怕做某事 ‎41. Less than six. 少于6小时。‎ ‎ less than“少于，不到”，其反义词为 more than over “多余，超过”‎ ‎ Five is less than seven. ‎ ‎ 5比7小。‎ She sleeps less than seven hours every night. 他每晚的睡眠时间不到7小时。‎ ‎· 知识拓展--词义辨析 ‎ no less than/not less than ‎ 1. no less than 不少于；多达；正如 ‎ There were no less than a thousand people at the meeting. ‎ ‎ 到会的有一千人之多。(有“到会人多”的含义) ‎ ‎ This song is no less popular than that one.‎ ‎ 这首歌之受欢迎不亚于那首歌。(有“两首歌都受欢迎”的含义) ‎ ‎ 2. not less than 至少 ‎ There were not less than one thousand people at the meeting. ‎ ‎ 到会的至少有一千人。（没有“到会人多或人少”的含义）‎ ‎ This song is not less popular than that one.‎ ‎ 这首歌受欢迎的程度不比那首差。（纯粹比较。不一定有“两首歌都受欢迎”的含义）‎ ‎42 What do you think of sth? = How do you like sth ? ‎ 你认为……怎么样？‎ ‎ ( ) ____ do you think of your new school?‎ ‎ A. What B. How C. Why D. Which ‎43. What does the writer think is the best way to relax? ‎ ‎ 作者认为最好的放松方式是什么？‎ ‎【解析】 the best way to do sth 做某事最好的方法 ‎( ) What’s the best way ___________(keep) healthy?‎ ‎【拓展】 lose one’s way 迷路 make one’s way 去，前进on the way to … 在去……的路上 by the way 顺便问一下 in the way 在某种程度上 ‎44. You have to learn more about healthy habits. 你必须学习更多关于健康习惯的东西 ‎【解析】must/have to 必须 ‎ ‎(1)must 强调主观看法，无时态变化（情态动词， 后跟动词原形 I must do my homework before I go out.‎ ‎【 拓展】must 提问的句子，肯定回答用must , 否定回答用needn’t ‎.— Must we take out the trash now?‎ ‎— __________. You can do it after class.‎ A. Yes , you must B. No ,you can’t C. Yes, you may D. No, you needn’t ‎(2) have to 强调客观需要，有时态和人称的变化，第三人称单数形式为has to ,过去式为had to I have to go to a meeting. ‎ ‎ ( ) We must ____ hard every week.‎ ‎ A. study B. studying C. Studies ‎.We ___ use mobile phones when the plane takes off.‎ ‎ A. may not B. shouldn’t C. needn’t D. mustn’t ‎.— Lingling, can I use your e-dictionary?‎ ‎ —Sure , but you _____ return it after class. A.must B.can C.may D.would ‎ ‎45.【解析】mind n 头脑；心智 v 介意；担心； 关心 ‎ 【短语】 make up one’s mind 下决心 change one’s mind 改变主意 never mind 不必担心/ 没关系 keep in one’s mind 记住 ‎ 【句型】 — Do/ Would you mind (one’s) doing …? 你介意（某人）做某事吗？‎ ‎ — Not at all/ Of course not / Certainly not (表同意)‎ ‎ — You’d better not/ I’m afraid I do (表示不同意)‎ ‎46. The answer to our questions about watching television were also interesting.‎ ‎ 关于我们看电视的问题的答案也很有趣。‎ ‎【解析】the answer to the question 问题的答案 【拓展】the key to … (……的钥匙)‎ ‎ The way to…. (去……的路) The ticket to … ( ……的票)。‎ ‎ It’s very nice of you to help find the key ____ the door. ‎ ‎ A. of B. for C. to D. on ‎ On the way ___ the mountain village, we found the local house different from ‎ ‎ ours. A. to B. by C. at D. on ‎47. Jane has a lot of good habits. 简有很多好习惯 ‎【解析】a lot of =lots of 许多，大量 a lot of +可数名词复数=many a lot of +不可数名词= much ‎ ‎ ( )① There is a lot of snow in the north of China in winter.‎ ‎( ) ②The students have lots of homework to do every day. A. many B. much C. a lot ‎ ‎48、He usually watches TV.‎ ‎ 他通常看电视。‎ ‎· 基本用法 ‎ vt. watch 观看；注视（过去式: watched过去分词:watched 现在分词:watching 第三人称单数:watches）‎ ‎ watch TV “看电视”。‎ ‎ They spent a great deal of time watching television. ‎ ‎ 他们很多时间都看电视了。‎ ‎​· 知识拓展---词义辨析 ‎ look/watch/read/see ‎ ‎ see 看见，表结果 ‎ look看，表动作，不及物动词，后面需加介词at才可能跟宾语。‎ ‎ watch 看（比赛，电视）‎ ‎ read 看书，报，表示阅读 ‎49 what/how about (doing) sth. ‎ ‎· 基本用法 ‎ 这个句型常用来(询问其他人的情况)，意为“...怎么样？”，其后可接名词或动名词形式。‎ ‎ I like playing volleyball. What about you?‎ ‎ 我喜欢打排球。你呢？‎ ‎ 该句型还可以用于提出建议。‎ ‎ What about going for a walk after dinner?‎ ‎ 晚饭后散步怎么样？ ‎ 单词：‎ housework ['haʊswɜːk] n.家务劳动 hardly ['hɑːdli] adv.几乎不；几乎没有 ever ['evə(r)] adv.在任何时候；从来；曾经 hardly ever 几乎从不 once [wʌns] adv.一次；曾经 twice [twaɪs] adv.两倍；两次 Internet ['ɪntənet] n.（国际）互联网；因特网 program ['prəʊɡræm] n.（=programme）节目；程序；课程；节目单 full [fʊl] adj.忙的；满的；充满的 swing [swɪŋ] n.摇摆；秋千v.（使）摆动；摇摆 swing dance摇摆舞 maybe ['meɪbi] adv.或许；也许；可能 least [liːst] adv.最小；最少adj.& pron.最小的；最少的 at least至少;不少于；起码 junk[dʒʌŋk] n.无用的东西；无价值的东西 junk food n.垃圾食品 coffee ['kɒfi] n.咖啡；咖啡色 health [helθ] n.健康；人的身体（或精神）状态 result [rɪ'zʌlt]n .结果；后果 percent [pə'sent]n.(=per cent)百分之……‎ online [ˌɒn'laɪn] adj.& adv.在线(的)；联网（的）‎ television ['telɪvɪʒn] n.电视机；电视节目 although [ɔːl'ðəʊ] conj.虽然；尽管；即使 through [θruː] prep.以；凭借；穿过 mind [maɪnd] n.头脑；心智 body ['bɒdi] n.身体 such [sʌtʃ] adj.& pron.这样的；那样的；类似的 such as 例如;像……这样 together [tə'ɡeðə(r)] adv.在一起；共同 die [daɪ] v.消失；灭亡；死亡 writer ['raɪtə(r)] n.作者；作家 dentist ['dentɪst] n.牙科医生 magazine ['mæɡəziːn] n.杂志；期刊 however [haʊ'evə(r)] adv.然而；不过 than [ðən] prep.& conj.(用以引出比较的第二部分)比 more than多于 almost ['ɔːlməʊst] adv.几乎；差不多 none [nʌn] pron.没有一个；毫无 less [les]adv.较少；较小 adj.较少的；更少的；‎ less than少于 point [pɔɪnt] n.得分；点 Claire /kleə/ 克莱尔（女名）‎ Sue /su:/ 休（女名）‎ American Teenager /'tiːneɪdʒə(r) / 《美国青少年》（文中为虚构的杂志名称）‎ 重点短语归纳：‎ ‎1.go to the movies =go to the cinema去看电影 ‎2.look after=take care of 照顾 ‎3.surf the internet 上网 ‎4.healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式 ‎5.go skateboarding 去滑滑板 ‎ watch TV看电视 ‎6.keep healthy=stay healthy= keep in good health保持健康 ‎ ‎ keep +形容词，“表保持某种状态”‎ ‎ do some reading 阅读 ‎7.exercise= take/do (much) exercise=do sports锻炼 ‎8.eating habit 饮食习惯 ‎9.take more exercise 做更多的运动 ‎10.be the same as 与什么相同 ‎11.once a month一月一次 ‎12.be different from 不同 ‎13.twice a week一周两次.‎ three times a week一周三次   ‎ ‎14.make a difference to 对什么有影响 如：As teachers, you must believe that you can make a difference to the lives of your students. ‎ 身为教师，你们必须坚信你们能够影响学生的一生。‎ 如：A false step will make a great difference to my future. 错走一步对我的前程来说会产生很大影响。‎ ‎15.how often 多久一次，询问动作发生的频率 how many times 多少次 ，用来提问做某事的次数 ‎16.although=though虽然 <不能与but连用>  ‎ ‎17.most of the students=most students大多数学生 ‎18.shop=go shopping=do some shopping 购物 ‎19.as for至于 ‎20.activity survey活动调查 ‎21.do homework做家庭作业 ‎22.do housework做家务事 ‎23.eat less meat吃更少的肉 ‎24.junk food垃圾食物 ‎25.be good for 对什么有益 ‎26.be bad for对什么有害 ‎27.want to do sth 想做某事 ‎28.want sb to do sth想某人做某事 ‎29.try to do sth 尽量做某事 ‎30.come home from school放学回家 ‎31.of course=certainly=sure当然 ‎32.get good grades取得好成绩   ‎ ‎33.some advice 一些建议 ‎ some advice 中的 advice 是不可数名词    ‎ ‎ a piece of advice 一则建议 ‎  give advice 提出建议     ‎ ‎ take one’s advice 采纳或听从某人的建议 ‎34.help sb to do sth帮助某人做某事=help sb with sth ‎35.a lot of vegetables=many vegetables许多蔬菜 ‎36.hardly= almost not几乎不 ‎ hardly ever很少，几乎不，从不 ‎37.keep/be in good health保持健康 ‎38.your favorite program你最喜欢的节目 ‎39.Animal World 动物世界 ‎40.play soccer踢足球 ‎41.every day每天 ‎42.once or twice a week 每周一两次 ‎43.three or four times a week 每周三四次 ‎44.at Green High School 在格林高中 ‎45.all students 所有的学生 ‎46.most students 大多数学生 ‎47.some students 一些学生 ‎48.no students 没有学生 ‎49.the result of a survey 调查结果 ‎50.the result for “watch TV”“看电视”的调查结果 ‎51.improve your English 提高你的英语 ‎52.drink milk 喝牛奶 ‎53.pretty healthy 相当健康 pretty，adv. 相当，非常 Pretty（用作副词时） =rather=very=quite 非常，相当 ‎54. kind of  = a little有点 I think I’m kind of unhealthy.我想我有点不健康。‎ 55. on weekends在周末 56. ask sb. about sth.就某事询问某人 57. by doing sth.通过做某事 58. go online去上网 59. the answer to the question问题的答案 60. stay up late熬夜 61. the best way to do sth.做某事的最好方式 62. at least twice a week一周至少2次 63. such as 比如；诸如 64. less than少于《----》more than多于 65. hardly ever几乎从不 66. swing dance摇摆舞 67. go to bed early早点睡觉 68. in one’s free time在某人的业余时间 69. help with housework帮忙做家务 70. old habits die hard积习难改 71. play tennis打网球 72. have dance and piano lessons上舞蹈课和钢琴课 73. go shopping=do some shopping购物 74. spend time with sb.和某人一起度过时光 75. spend time/money on sth.在某方面花费时间或金钱 76. spend time/money (in) doing sth.花费时间或金钱做某事 55. sometimes=at times有时 56. help with housework帮助做家务 习惯用法、搭配 ‎1. help sb. with sth 帮助某人做某事 ‎ ‎2. How about+n./v.ing?=What about…? ….怎么样？/ ….好不好？‎ ‎3. want sb. to do sth. 想让某人做某事 ‎ ‎4. How many + 可数名词复数+ 一般疑问句 ….有多少…..‎ ‎5. 主语+ find+ that 从句 …发现… ‎ ‎6. It’s + adj.+ to do sth. 做某事是….的 ‎7. spend time with sb. 和某人一起度过时光 ‎ ‎8. ask sb. about sth. 向某人询问某事 ‎9. by doing sth. 通过做某事 ‎ ‎10. What’s your favorite…..? 你最喜欢的……是什么？‎ ‎11 start doing sth. 开始做某事 ‎ ‎12. the best way to do sth. 做某事的最好方式 ‎13、leave for…动身去某地 语法归纳 频度副词 1. 概念 频度副词是用来表示动作发生频率的词，常用来表示不确定时间，主要包括always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly, ever, never等，如果表示具体频度次数，可采用次数加单位时间。例如：‎ once a week 一周一次 twice a month 每月两次 如：He hardly never exercises.他几乎从不锻炼。‎ 注意：表示具体的次数、频率时，一次用once，两次用twice，三次及以上用“基数词+times”表示。‎ 如：I play soccer twice a week.我每周踢两次足球。‎ She watches TV four times a week.她每周看四次电视。‎ ‎2.在句中的位置 ‎1）一般放在实义动词前，be动词、助动词、情态动词之后。‎ 如：We never eat junk food.我们从来不吃垃圾食品。‎ I can hardly say a word.我几乎说不出一句话来。‎ He is sometimes very busy.他有时很忙。‎ ‎2）有些频度副词也可位于句首，但表示不同的含义 ‎①simetimes常用于句首，和位于句中区别不大。‎ 如：Sometimes Jack plays computer games.‎ ‎②often用于句首时，通常表示强调，且其前一般有quite,very修饰。‎ 如：Very often he goes online.他上网很经常。‎ ‎③usually有时也可用于句首，其前不用修饰语。‎ 如：Usually my father gets up early.‎ ‎④always一般不用于句首，但可用于祈使句中。‎ 如：Always remember this.请时刻记住这一点。‎ ‎3）对频度副词提问时，用特殊疑问词how often。‎ 如：--How often do you exerxise?‎ ‎ --Hardly ever.几乎从不。‎ 频度副词 意思 频度 always ‎ 总是，一直，‎ ‎100%‎ usually 通常，经常 ‎90%‎ often 常常，经常 ‎70%‎ sometimes ‎ 有时，不时 ‎40%‎ hardly ever 几乎从不 ‎5%‎ never ‎ 从不，决不 ‎0%‎ ‎ ‎ ‎【拓展】一般现在时： ‎ 1. 概念：一般现在时表示经常发生或习惯性的动作或状态及客观现实和普遍真理 ‎ 一般现在时常以动词原形表示，但当主语是第三人称单数时，动词词尾加-s或-es。‎ ‎2.时间状语： ‎ always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays, ‎ 基本结构：①be动词；am/is/are    She is an engineer.‎ ‎ ②行为动词 :动词原形、第三人称单数。   He has breakfast at 6:00every day.‎ a)一般现在时通常与always , often , usually , every day , sometimes , once a week 等时间状语连用。‎ ‎   I always watch TV at 8:‎00 in the evening .‎ ‎   They go home once a week .‎ ‎   We usually do our homework at home .‎ ‎  b)表客观现实或普遍真理。‎ ‎   The sun always rises in the east .‎ ‎   The light travels faster than the sound .‎ ‎  c)表永远性的动作或状态。‎ ‎   He lives in the country .‎ ‎4.否定形式：①am/is/are+not;② don’t /doesn’t +动词原形+…… ‎ ‎5.一般疑问句：①把be动词放于句首；② Do/Does +…+动词原形+…? ‎ ‎6.第三人称单数变化形式。‎ ‎  1)一般情况动词在词尾加-s .‎ ‎   come---comes      speak---speaks      work---works      ‎ live---lives ‎  2)以o, s, x, ch, sh结尾的单词在词后加-es.‎ ‎   do---does      go---goes      finish---finishes      brush---brushes   ‎ ‎   fix---fixes      pass---passes      watch---watches ‎  3)以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的单词变y为i加-es.‎ ‎   Study---studies      carry-carries      cry---cries ‎  4)以“元音字母＋y”结尾的单词直接加-s.‎ ‎   play---plays      stay---stays ‎· 定义 ‎ 一般现在时可以表示：‎ ‎ 1. 表示习惯经常的动作 ‎ 2. 表示客观真理 ‎ 3. 表示心理活动和感官动作 ‎ 4. 表示格言警句 ‎ 5. 表示现在的动作状态 ‎ 6. 表示解说和故事 ‎· 用法 ‎ 一般现在时的句型结构 ‎ 1. 肯定结构：主+am/is/are+其他;主+情态动词+动词原形+其他;主+实意动词+其他 ‎ 2. 否定结构：主+am/is/are+not+其他；主+情态动词+not+动词原形+其他；主+do/does+not+实意动词 ‎ 原形+其他 ‎ 3. 一般疑问句结构：Does/Do+主语+实意动词原形+其他？Is/Are+主语+其他？情态动词原形+主语+‎ ‎ 动词原形+其他？‎ ‎ 肯定回答Yes,sb+be/助/情；否定回答No, sb+be/助/情。‎ ‎ ‎