人教初三英语下册Unit I remember meeting all of you in Grade 词句精讲精练 7页

Unit 14 I remember meeting all of you in Grade 7‎ 词句精讲精 词汇精讲 ‎ ‎1. work out work out意为“算出，解决”。例如：‎ The math problem is so hard that I can’t work it out.‎ 这道数学题太难了，我解不出来。‎ ‎【拓展】‎ ‎(1) work out还表示按某种方式发生，意为“结果为……”，work out fine／well意为“奏效”。 例如：‎ ‎ Everything is working out well.事事都很如意。‎ ‎(2) work out可以表示“精心制定”。例如：‎ You’d better work out a plan to improve your writing skills. ‎ 你最好精心制定一个提高写作能力的计划。‎ ‎2. explain ‎ explain作动词，意为“解释，说明，阐明”。其用法如下：‎ ‎(1) explain sth. to sb.。例如：‎ Please explain that rule to me. ‎ 请把这条规则给我讲一讲。‎ ‎(2) explain (to sb.) + 疑问词 + 从句。例如：‎ ‎ Please explain to me what this means. ‎ 请对我说明这是什么意思。‎ ‎(3) explain + that从句。例如：‎ ‎ He explained that we could no longer stay. ‎ 他解释说我们不能再待下去了。‎ ‎3. make a mess make a mess意为“弄得一团糟(一塌糊涂)”。例如：‎ She made a mess of the translation.‎ 她翻译得一塌糊涂。‎ If you cook, please just don’t make a mess.‎ 你要是做饭的话，拜托别弄得一团糟。‎ ‎【拓展】‎ mess作名词，意为“混乱，混杂”。例如：‎ The room was in a terrible mess.‎ 房间里脏乱不堪。‎ ‎4. believe in believe in 意为“信任”，即“对……有信心；信赖”。例如：‎ Don’t believe in him. He’s spreading it on thick.‎ 别信他的，他又在吹牛了。‎ ‎【拓展】believe in 与 believe辨析：‎ ‎(1) believe in表示“信仰”，“信任”之意，其后的常用搭配语为：有关宗教、理论、原则、概念及可信任之人的词，如：a religion, ghosts, fairies, a theory, a friend等词。例如：‎ We do not believe in ghosts.‎ 我们不信鬼神。‎ ‎(2) believe 表示“相信”，“信以为真”，它是及物动词，其后可直接跟宾语。例如：‎ ‎ Do you believe his reports？‎ 你相信他的报告吗？‎ ‎5. be responsible for ‎(1) responsible作形容词，意为“有责任的；负责的；可靠的”。例如：‎ Our teacher is a very responsible person.‎ 我们的老师是一个非常可靠的人。‎ ‎(2) be responsible for意为“对……负责任”，一般指对某事负责。例如：‎ Who’s responsible for the terrible mess?‎ 谁应该对这种混乱负责？ ‎ ‎【拓展】‎ ‎(1) be responsible to 也意为“对……负责任”，一般指对某人负责。例如： ‎ ‎ We must be responsible to the people.‎ ‎ 我们应该对人民负责。‎ ‎(2) the responsible person 认真负责的人,可靠的人 ‎ the person responsible 负责人 ‎ ‎6. set out on sth.‎ set out on sth.意为“开始进行新的或重要的事情”。例如：‎ They set out on a sightseeing tour.‎ 他们动身出去观光旅行。‎ set out 为不及物动词词组，意为“出发；启程”，后不能直接加宾语。例如：‎ They will set out for New York in July.‎ 他们将在七月里动身去纽约。‎ ‎【拓展】‎ ‎(1) set about sth.／doing sth. 意为“着手做某事”。例如：‎ We set about our task at once with great enthusiasm. ‎ 我们以极大的热情立即着手这项任务。‎ ‎(2) set aside 意为“放在一边，搁置；存蓄，留下”。例如：‎ My parents set aside a bit of money every month. ‎ ‎ 我的父母每个月都存点钱。‎ ‎(3) set off 意为“动身，出发; 燃放（鞭炮等），使……爆炸或发出响声”。例如： ‎ After we had finished eating, he proposed to set off immediately. ‎ 我们吃完饭后，他建议立即动身。‎ ‎(4) set out to do sth.意为“打算或着手做某事”。例如：‎ He set out to make a lot of money.‎ 他打算挣很多钱。‎ ‎(5) set up 竖起来，支起来；建立，成立。例如：‎ The school has set up a special class to help slow students. ‎ 学校成立了一个特殊的班级，帮助那些后进生。‎ ‎7. separate from ‎ ‎(1) separate作动词，意为“分开，分离”（常与from连用）。例如：‎ We’d better separate the good ones from the bad ones. ‎ 我们最好把好的和坏的分开。‎ At this point, the satellite separates from its launcher. ‎ 此时，卫星就脱离发射器。‎ ‎ (2) separate作形容词，意为“分开的，独立的，各自的”。例如：‎ ‎ The children sleep in separate beds. ‎ 孩子们分别睡在各自的床上。‎ ‎【拓展】‎ separate指把原来结合在一起的、混合在一起的事物或人分开或隔离，常与from连用。‎ divide指将整体分成若干部分，常与into连用。例如：‎ The whole class was divided into five groups. ‎ 全班分成了５组。‎ England is separated from France by the Channel. ‎ 英法两国由英吉利海峡隔开。‎ ‎8. have problems with sth.‎ have problems with sth.意为“在……方面有困难”, 与 have difficulty in sth.意思相同。例如：‎ I had problems with math last term, but I am good at it now 上学期我在数学方面有困难，但是现在我擅长数学。‎ ‎【拓展】表示“做……有困难”还有如下同义词组：‎ have trouble (in) doing have difficulty (in)doing have problems in doing have a hard/difficult time (in) doing 词汇精练 I. 英汉互译。‎ ‎1. believe in 2. 首先 ‎3. 渴望；渴求 4. be thankful to sb. ‎ ‎5. 在……前面 6. 连同；除……以外还 ‎7. be responsible for 8. set out ‎ ‎9. 分离；隔开 10. look forward to doing sth. ‎ ‎11. 在……方面有问题或困难 12. go by ‎ II. 根据首字母及汉语提示写出正确的单词。‎ ‎1. Do you want a single room or a d________ one?‎ ‎2. He made a m________, so his mother asked him to clean up his room.‎ ‎3. We are doing a ________ (调查) about the health problem.‎ ‎4. The teacher makes high ________ (标准) for his pupils.‎ ‎5. Please read the ________ (指示) on the bottle before taking medicine.‎ ‎6. After g________ she became a teacher.‎ ‎7. The young man is always working hard at lessons. He is t________ for knowledge.‎ ‎8. Although the old man is 80 years old, he has lots of ________ (活力)．‎ ‎9. I ________ (祝贺) you on your great discovery.‎ ‎10. After a longtime hard work, his English l________ has improved a lot.‎ III.根据句意用词的适当形式填空。‎ ‎1. Look! There are many students ________ (play) football on the playground.‎ ‎2. Most students finished these ________ (task) the teacher gave them.‎ ‎3. We are ________ (pride) of the table tennis player Malong. ‎ ‎4. Never forget to be ________ (thank) to the people around you.‎ ‎5. Teenagers should be allowed ________ (choose) their own clothes.‎ ‎6. Our class ________ (win) the school soccer games last Saturday.‎ ‎7. I remember ________ (be) a volunteer in Grade 8.‎ ‎8. I didn’t use to ________ (sing) after class, and now I don’t, either.‎ ‎9. Look! What ________ (happen) over there?‎ ‎10. My sister will ________ (become) an actress when she grows up.‎ 参考答案 I. 英汉互译。‎ ‎1. 信任；信赖 2. first of all 3. be thirsty for 4. 对某人心存感激 ‎5. ahead of 6. along with 7. 对……有责任；负责任 8. 出发；启程 ‎ ‎9. separate from 10. 期待做某事 11. have problems with sth. 12. (时间)逝去；过去 ‎ II. 根据首字母及汉语提示写出正确的单词。‎ ‎1.double　2.mess　3.survey　4.standard 5. instructions ‎6.graduation　7.thirsty　8.energies 9. congratulated 10.level III. 根据句意用词的适当形式填空。‎ ‎1. playing　2. tasks　3. proud　4. thankful 5. to choose ‎ ‎6. won　 7. being　8. sing　9. is happening 10. become ‎ 句式精讲 ‎1. He always took the time to explain things to me clearly whenever I couldn’t understand anything.‎ whenever 作连词或副词，具体用法如下：‎ ‎(1) 作连词，意为“任何时候，不论何时”。例如： ‎ Come whenever you like. ‎ 你什么时候想来就来。‎ ‎(2) 作连词，意为“每当、每逢、每次”。例如：‎ Whenever we see him we speak to him. ‎ 每次见到他，我们都和他说话。‎ You seem to have a ready-made answer, whenever I ask you a question. ‎ 每逢我问你问题, 你总好像有现成的答案。‎ ‎(3) 作副词，意为“任何时间”，“任何时候”。例如：‎ On Monday, Wednesday or whenever. ‎ 星期一，星期三或随便什么时候。　‎ It’s not urgent，so we can do it next week or whenever.‎ 不是急事，我们可以下星期做或其他时候做。‎ ‎(4) 作副词，意为“究竟什么时候”。例如：‎ Whenever did you buy that?‎ 那你到底是什么时候买的? ‎ ‎2. I’m trying to keep my cool.‎ ‎ cool 作名词，表示“冷静”。keep one’s cool 意为“保持沉着，不让自己失去控制”。例如：‎ ‎ Even when you argue, you should try to keep your cool.‎ ‎ 即使在争辩时，你也要尽力保持冷静。‎ ‎【拓展】‎ ‎(1) cool 用作名词时，还可意为“凉爽；凉爽的时间(或地方)”。例如：　　‎ She walked into the cool of the hallway. 她走入了凉爽的过道。‎ ‎(2) cool 用作形容词时，意为“凉爽的；冷静的，沉着的”，常做定语或表语。例如：‎ The hall is nice and cool.‎ 大厅既漂亮又凉爽。‎ Be cool. Everything will be all right.‎ 冷静一点，一切都会没问题的。‎ ‎(3) cool 也可用于口语中，意为“很棒的，极好的，酷”。例如：‎ ‎ That singing star is really cool.‎ 那位歌星实在很棒。‎ ‎3. First of all, I’d like to congratulate all the students who are here today.‎ first of all意为“首先，第一” 常常放在句首，后用逗号隔开，表示重要性上的先后。例如：‎ First of all, let me tell you the news. ‎ 首先，让我告诉你这个消息。‎ ‎【拓展】‎ ‎ at first意为“开始，起初”，强调顺序上的先后。例如：‎ ‎ At first, let me introduce my friend Mike to you. Then…‎ ‎ 首先，我来给你介绍一下我的朋友Mike，然后……‎ ‎ At first he refused to accept any responsibility but he ended up apologizing. ‎ 最初他拒不承认有任何责任, 到头来还是道了歉。‎ ‎4. Please consider what they’ve done for you and what they mean to you.‎ consider作动词，意为“考虑，认为”。它的后面跟名词、动名词或者从句作宾语。例如：‎ Please consider my suggestion. ‎ 请考虑我的建议。‎ Why don’t you consider visiting Qing Dao？‎ 你为什么不考虑去青岛参观？‎ I consider that he is a selfish man. ‎ 我认为他是一个自私的人。‎ ‎【拓展】‎ 后接动名词作宾语的动词及短语可参考以下归纳：‎ 完成，实践，值得，忙（finish, practice, be worth, be busy）；‎ 考虑，建议，不禁，想（consider, suggest, can’t help, feel like）；‎ 错过，习惯，（别）放弃（miss, be used to, give up）；‎ 继续，喜欢，（要）介意（keep on, enjoy, mind）。‎ ‎5. Never fail to be thankful to the people around you.‎ ‎(1) fail 作动词，意为“失败”，fail to do sth. 意为“未能做某事”。例如：‎ Yesterday he failed to find his wallet.‎ 昨天他未能找到他的钱包。‎ He never failed to write to his mother every week.‎ 他从未耽误过每周给他母亲写信。‎ ‎(2) be thankful to 是固定短语，意为“感谢，感激”。例如：‎ ‎ I am thankful to my teacher for helping me learn.‎ ‎ 我感谢我的老师帮我学习。‎ 句式精练 I. 句型转换。‎ ‎1. She said, “I like swimming.” (改为间接引语)‎ She said 　　　　 she 　　　　 swimming.‎ ‎2. “Open the door, please,” the teacher said to me. (合并为一句)‎ The teacher asked me 　　　　 　　　　 the door.‎ ‎3. I can work it out however difficult it is. (改为同义句)‎ I can work it out 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 difficult it is.‎ ‎4. They are going to visit the village next week. (改为否定句)‎ They 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 visit the village next week.‎ ‎5. There will be more robots in the future. (改为一般疑问句)‎ ‎　　 　 　　　 　　 　 more robots in the future?‎ ‎6. Anna can draw pictures with the help of her mother. (改为同义句)‎ Anna can draw pictures 　　　 her 　　　　 　　　　.‎ ‎7. We are ready for the next exam. (改为同义句)‎ ‎ We are 　　 　　 　 the next exam.‎ ‎8. Mary comes from England and our school is bigger than hers. (合并为一句)‎ Mary comes from England and her school is 　　　　 than 　　　　.‎ ‎9. It took me two hours to mend the bike. (对划线部分提问)‎ ‎　　　 　 　　 　　　　 it 　　　　 you to mend the bike?‎ ‎10. The children are having fun in the park. (改为同义句)‎ ‎ The children are 　 　　 　　 　 　　　 　　　 in the park. ‎ II. 根据汉语意思完成句子。‎ ‎1. 他总是把事情弄得一团糟。他真是太愚蠢了！‎ ‎ He always 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　of things. How foolish he is!‎ ‎2. 不要紧张。你应该保持冷静。‎ ‎ Don’t be nervous and you should 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　.‎ ‎3. 我记得今天下午给我爸爸打过电话了。‎ ‎ I remembered 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 this afternoon. ‎ ‎4. 我能自己算出这些答案。‎ ‎ I can 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 by myself.‎ ‎5. 在我前面有很多困难的任务。‎ ‎ I have many difficult tasks 　　　　 　　　　 me.‎ ‎6. 教练要我们站成一排，准备训练。‎ ‎ 　 The coach asked us 　　 　 　　　 　　 　 　　 　 　　 　 and get ready to practice. ‎ ‎7. 他们希望能和我交朋友。‎ ‎ They 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 friends with me.‎ ‎8. 首先，我们需要开办一家公司。‎ ‎ 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　, we need to set up a company.‎ ‎9. 他们准备什么时候出发？‎ ‎ When 　　　　 they 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　?‎ ‎10. 将来学生会在家里学习吗？‎ ‎ 　　　　 　 students study at home 　　　 　　　 　　　 ?‎ III. 补全对话(从方框中选择最佳选项完成对话，有两项多余)。‎ A. Oh, yes, please. His number is in the phone book. ‎ B. No, I’ll be all right. Thanks for your help. ‎ C. My head hurts and I feel really hot. ‎ D. Could you buy me a bottle of aspirin, please? ‎ E. It doesn’t hurt very much.‎ F. I can’t. I will play Ping-Pong with our teacher this afternoon. ‎ G. Do you think it’s a good idea?‎ John: Hello, Jim. May I come in? ‎ Jim: Oh, hello, John. Yes, come in, please. ‎ John: You don’t look well. What’s the matter?‎ Jim: 1 ‎ John: Oh dear! Why don’t you go to bed for a rest?‎ Jim: 2 ‎ John: shall I call him and tell him you’re ill?‎ Jim: 3 ‎ John: OK. I’ll do that. I’m going to the shops now. Can I get you some medicine?‎ Jim: 4 ‎ John: Yes, of course. Is there anything else I can do? ‎ Jim: 5 ‎ ‎1._____ 2._____ 3._____ 4._____ 5._____ ‎ IV. 根据短文内容和所给中文提示，用单词的正确形式完成以下短文。‎ Jean Nicole is a yard sale lover. She appears almost in every yard sale. She doesn’t want to 1._______(错过) any chance to buy good things, because they are much 2._______(便宜的) than those in shops. She is interested in almost everything, such as gloves, old 3._______(硬币), paintings, tables and so on. Everybody 4.______(叫，称呼) her “Lady Yard-sale.”‎ Two weeks 5.________(以前), after Jean came back from a yard sale, she 6._______(进入) her store room. She was surprised to find that she had bought so many things. Jean counted them and made a 7.________(清单).“Oh, dear! I can’t believe it. There are seven bicycles, 8.________(九) armchairs, and fifteen cameras... And they haven’t been used even once.” She checked the numbers 9.________(再一次).It made her mad. “How silly I am!” She thought. “I can no longer go to yard sales 10._______(除非) I hold my own one to sell these things out. But will anyone buy them?”‎ 参考答案 I. 句型转换。‎ ‎1. that; liked 2. to open 3. no matter how ‎ ‎4. aren’t going to 5. Will there be 6. with; mother’s help ‎ ‎7. preparing for 8. smaller; ours 9. How long did; take ‎ ‎10. having a good/great time II. 根据汉语意思完成句子。‎ ‎ 1. makes a mess 2. keep your cool 3. calling my father ‎ ‎4. work out these answers 5. ahead of 6. to stand in a row ‎7. hope to make 8. First of all 9. are; going to set out ‎ ‎10. Will; in the future III. 补全对话。从下面方框中选出适当的选项补全对话（有多余选项）。‎ ‎1-5 C F A D B IV. 根据短文内容和所给中文提示，用单词的正确形式完成以下短文。‎ ‎1. miss / lose 2. cheaper 3. coins 4. calls 5. ago ‎ ‎6. entered 7. list 8. nine 9. again 10. unless