中考英语 第三轮 中考题型聚焦 任务型阅读1 34页

第 43 讲　任务型阅读 回答问题型 辽宁各地市在中考试卷中的回答问题型任务型阅读中涉及故事集萃、风俗文化、咨询建议、现代科技、饮食健康、时事热点等话题 ， 词数在 200 词左右。每篇文章均设 5 个问题。 1 ． 认真审题 ， 明确题目具体要求。 此类任务型阅读要求回答问题 ， 应根据问题找到原文中相应的内容 ， 并根据其重点短语或语句 ， 结合要完成的句子 ， 推敲写出恰当的答案。 2 ． 快速阅读文章 ， 有目的地查找相关信息 ， 按照要求规范答题。 带着审题时对文章大意和结构的了解以及所获得的问题快速浏览全文 ， 以最快的速度到文章相应的位置中搜寻有效信息。 3 ． 答案形式要符合提问方式。 不同类型的问题要求用不同形式的回答 ， 不能仅仅为了答案的简洁而忽略了问题与回答在形式上的对应。一般疑问句要用 yes 或 no 来回答；特殊疑问句要根据特殊疑问词具体回答 ， 如：原文中提问方式为 “ why” ， 那么就要用“ because ” 引导的句子来回答。 4 ． 仔细复核 ， 填准答案。 完成所有答题之后 ， 还需要再次快速读一遍文章 ， 核对答案。 需要注意的是 ， 有些题目答案可以在原文中直接找出；有些需要在分析原文句子的基础上 ， 结合题目特殊要求 ， 进行时态、人称的转换；有些需要进行归纳总结 ， 把答案正确表述出来。 【 例 1 】 阅读下面短文 ， 简略回答所提出的问题。 (2016 ， 铁岭 ) Welcome to London! Millions of tourists are in the capital city of Britain this season every year. What can you do when you're here? There are many places of interest in London such as Buckingham Palace ( 白金汉宫 ), Big Ben and great churches ( 教堂 ) ． And also soldiers ( 士兵 ) in special clothes can be seen in the street. You can spend a lot of money in shops everywhere in London.There are many hotels at your service.The people who serve you may talk to you in your own language.There are hundreds of restaurants here.You can eat what you like around the world ， from China to France ， though you may have difficulty finding good English food. There is certainly something to do for fun.The British theatre is worldfamous ， and offers all kinds of plays.Also you can watch films from all over the world because there are a large number of cinemas there.Every night there are concerts ， you can enjoy yourself.When it rains ， there are museums for you — and they are free! When it's fine ， take a boat trip along the River Thames ( 泰晤士河 ) ． In London ， you may be tired, you may get lost on the subway, you may worry about the weather, but you still feel excited and happy. 1 ． Where can you see soldiers in special clothes in London? ____________________________________________________________ 2 ． Is it easy to find food from different countries in London? ___________________________________________________________ 3 ． What can the British theatre and cinemas in London offer you? ___________________________________________________________ 4 ． How can you take a trip along the River Thames when it's fine? _____________________________________________________________ 5 ． How will you feel about the London trip ？ (at least three feelings) _____________________________________________________________ 【 文章大意 】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了英国的文化习俗 ， 包括著名景点、娱乐设施等。旨在培养学生了解异国文化风情的兴趣。 1 ． 【 解析 】 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句 “ And also soldiers( 士兵 ) in special clothes can be seen in the street. ” 可知可以在街道上看到穿特殊服装的士兵。 2 ． 【 解析 】 细节理解题。根据第三段最后几句 “ There are hundreds of restaurants here.You can eat what you like around the world ， from China to France ， though you may have difficulty finding good English food. ” 可知在伦敦 ， 可以很容易找到其他国家的食物。 3 ． 【 解析 】 细节理解题。根据第四段第二句 “ The British theater is world famous ， and offers all kinds of plays.Also you can watch films from all over the world because there are a large number of cinemas there. ” 可知英国伦敦的电影院提供各种各样的表演。 4 ． 【 解析 】 细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句 “ When it's fine ， take a boat trip along the River Thames( 泰晤士河 ) ． ” 可知可以乘船游览泰晤士河。 5 ． 【 解析 】 细节理解题。根据最后一段 “ In London ， you may be tired ， you may get lost on the subway ， you may worry about the weather ， but you still feel excited and happy. ” 可知你会感到累、担忧、激动和开心。 答案： 1. In _ the _ street. 2 ． Yes ， it _ is. 3 ． All _ kinds _ of _ plays _ and _ films _ from _ all _ o v er _ the _ w orld. 4 ． By _ taking _ a _ boat _ trip. 5 ． Tired, _ w orried ， excited _ and _ happy 根据短文内容回答问题。 (2016 ， 盘锦 ) A few years ago ， my husband and I were on an island for a weekend with our two little daughters.As we went back and forth about what to do next ， our girls jumped in and told us exactly what they wanted to do. “ We want to go to the butterfly museum ， ” said Ariela and Eliana. As soon as we walked into the main area of the museum ， we saw a large number of beautiful butterflies.They all flapped( 扑动 ) their colorful wings. My girls were jumping up and down.I knew we had made the right decision to come to the museum. I turned to our museum tour guide because I was curious( 好奇的 ) ， and asked ， “ How many months can butterflies live ？ ” She said ， “ Only about ten days.” “ What can butterflies do in ten days ？ ” I asked. The guide stopped ， looked at me ， and answered ， “ They make the world a more beautiful place. ” “ Wow ， ” I said ， “ I never thought about butterflies like that.Thank you.” After we said goodbye ， I couldn't stop thinking about what the guide had said.She was right.We all have something for the world with the time we have. Live like a butterfly ， you have your own way of making the world better. 1 ． Where did the family spend the weekend? On_an_island. 2 ． Did the guide advise the family to go to the butterfly museum? No ， she_didn't. 3 ． How many days can a butterfly live? About_ 10 _days. 4 ． Which sentence shows that the kids were enjoying themselves in the museum? My_girls_ w ere_jumping_up_and_do w n. 5 ． What can you learn from the story? E v eryone_has_his/her_o w n_ w ay_of_making_the_ w orld_better. 完成表格型 辽宁各地市在近 3 年的中考试题中表格型任务型阅读涉及咨询建议、动 / 植物介绍、学习教育、饮食健康、科普知识、环境保护等话题。词数在 200 词左右 ， 以表格形式设题 ， 有 5 空。其中至少有 3 ～ 4 道题的答案可以在文中直接找到 ， 偶尔有 1 ～ 2 道题则需要总结概括 ， 如文章的标题中某部分的小标题。所填内容均为单词、短语和词组。 解答该类题型 ， 需按照 “ 查表 → 析文 → 填表 ” 的思路做到： 1 ． 查表： 阅读表格 ， 分析表格中的项目内容 ， 把握信息范围及对文章的理解方向。要特别关注文章的标题栏及表格前的小标题 ， 这样有助于理解短文的大意。 2 ． 析文： 快速浏览全文 ， 把握短文大意；再读文章内容 ， 找准细节定位。在阅读文章时 ， 应适时恰当地运用多种阅读技巧 ， 对文章进行全面的理解。 3 ． 填表： 准确填好表格。对于 3 ～ 4 道能在文中直接找到答案的题 ， 对学生来说比较容易。 1 ～ 2 道变形或者归纳概括的题对学生来说就很困难。所以要在不失原意的基础上把答案正确表述出来；另外 ， 一定要注重书写习惯 ， 特别是大、小写问题。 【 例 2 】 阅读下面短文 ， 完成表格。 ( 2016 ， 铁岭 ) In our daily life ， most of us don't want to make mistakes.We dislike mistakes ， and sometimes we're even afraid of them.In most people's eyes ， making mistakes means doing something wrong.But in fact ， mistakes are really good in some ways.Here are some of the reasons. First of all ， when we make mistakes ， we're growing.It is clear that we are trying new things.If we never try anything new ， how can we improve? How can we develop? The simple answer is “ We can't. ” Look around us ， almost everything we see in our real world is the result of someone trying something new. Secondly ， when we make mistakes ， we are learning.Edison failed 10 ， 000 times before he invented the light bulb ( 灯泡 ), but he himself didn't think so.He said he just learned 10 ， 000 things that didn't work. Finally ， when we make a mistake ， we are much closer to success.Why? Because we will try many times before we succeed.Every time we make a mistake ， we'll have one more chance to succeed next time. There is an old saying ： “ If you're not making mistakes ， you're not trying hard enough. ” So ， go ahead and face mistakes.And then grow ， learn and succeed. 【 文章大意 】 本文是一篇议论文。主要阐述了三点犯错误的好处 ， 旨在告诉我们要勇敢面对自己所犯的错误 ， 这样才能取得成功。 1 ． 【 解析 】 根据第一段倒数第二句 “ But in fact ， mistakes are really good in some ways. ” 可知文章主要讲的是犯错误的好处。故填 Making mistakes ， 注意首字母大写。 2 ． 【 解析 】 根据第二段第二句 “ It is clear that we are trying new things. ” 可知犯错误可以让我们尝试新的东西。故填 trying new things 。 3 ． 【 解析 】 根据第三段最后一句 “ He said he just learned 10 ， 000 things that didn't work. ” 可知爱迪生犯了 10000 次错误 ， 也学到了 10000 件事。 4 ． 【 解析 】 根据第四段第一句 “ Finally ， when we make a mistake ， we are much closer to success. ” 可知错误可以使我们离成功更近。 5 ． 【 解析 】 根据最后一段 “ So ， go ahead and face mistakes.And then grow ， learn and succeed. ” 可知不惧犯错并且 ( 勇敢地 ) 面对错误。然后成长 ， 学习并取得成功。 答案： 1. Making _ mistakes 2 ． trying _ ne w _ things 3 ． 10 ， 000 _ things 4 ． close _ to 5 ． gro w, _ learn _ and _ succeed 根据短文内容填表格。 ( 2016 ， 盘锦 ) Each different part of China has its own special forms of traditional art.These usually try to show the things that are important in life ， such as love ， beauty and family.The most common things ， from paper to clay to bamboo ， are turned into objects of beauty. According to Chinese history ， sky lanterns were first used by Zhuge Kongming.He sent them out to ask for help when in trouble.Today sky lanterns are used at festivals and other celebrations.People use bamboo to make the lanterns ， and then cover them with paper.When lanterns are lit ， they slowly rise into the air.They are seen as bright symbols of happiness and good wishes. Paper cutting has been around for over 1 ， 500 years.Paper cutting sounds very easy but it can be difficult to do.The paper ， usually red ， is folded before it is cut with scissors.The most common pictures are flowers ， animals and things about Chinese history.During the Spring Festival ， they are put on windows ， doors and walls as symbols of wishes for good luck and a happy new year. Chinese clay art is famous because the clay pieces are so small but they look very real.The pieces are usually cute children or lively characters from a Chinese fairy tale or historical story.The pieces are shaped by hand from a very special kind of clay.Then they are fired ， polished and painted.People spend several weeks finishing making a clay piece.These small pieces of clay art show the love that all Chinese people have for life and beauty. 综合任务型 辽宁各地市中考英语试卷中的任务型阅读题基本以回答问题及填表格型为主。试卷中有其他类型任务型阅读的地区有沈阳、锦州、营口、阜新、朝阳、鞍山 ， 而它们的考查内容都各具地方特色 ， 无统一的命题规律。 【 例 3 】 阅读短文 ， 根据要求完成任务。 ( 2016 ， 朝阳 ) Share Your Love with Others When you were very young ， you liked to play with your friends. ① Did _ you _ find _ that _ playing _ was _ always _ more _ fun _ when _ everyone _ shared _ the _ toys? Everyone got a turn.No one was ② left _ out ． As you get older ， the idea of sharing takes on a new meaning.At your age ， you can “share” with people in need in three ways.  ③ 你可以把你的一部分钱给他们。 Many adults do that regularly.  ④ You can share things you no ________ use ， such as clothing and toys.You can pass them to others who can't buy them.  You can help people by giving your time and your energy. The last one is also called volunteering.Volunteering is about giving your time to take part in activities that will help others.Every year ， many thousands of volunteers in the world give the most valuable gift.They give their time.They give their talent.They give themselves.And they are enjoying it.⑤ Volunteering _ isn't _ just _ about _ work.It's _ also _ about _ fun. 1 ． 将①句译成中文。 __________________________________________________________ 2 ． ②处短语意思的最佳选项是： A ． 逃跑　　　 B ．离开　　　 C ．冷落 3 ． 将③句译成英语。 __________________________________________________________ 4 ． 在④句的空白处填入一个适当的词 ， 使句意完整 ， 上下文通顺。 ___________________________________________________________ 5 ． 把⑤处合成一个句子。 _________________________________________________________ 【 文章大意 】 本文是一篇议论文。主要阐述了分享的好处 ， 旨在告诉我们要学着与他人分享。 1 ． 【 解析 】 本句包含一个 that 引导的宾语从句 ， “ share ” 意为 “ 分享 ” 。 2 ． 【 解析 】 根据句意：每个人都会轮到。没有人会被 ________ 。分析语境可知 “ left out ” 意为 “ 冷落 ” 。 3 ． 【 解析 】 本句涉及固定搭配 “ share sth.with sb. 和某人分享某物 ” 。 4 ． 【 解析 】 本句句意为 “ 你可以分享一些你再也不会使用的东西 ， 例如衣服和玩具。 ” 根据句意可知此处包含一个固定短语 “ no longer ， 不再 ” 。 5 ． 【 解析 】 本句句意为 “ 志愿活动不仅仅是有关于工作。它也是关于快乐。 ” 可以使用连词 “ not only... ， but also..., 不仅 …… 而且 ……” 。 答案： 1. 你发现了吗？当每个人分享玩具时 ， 玩耍总是更有趣。 2 ． __ C __ 3 ． You _ can _ share _ part _ of _ your _ money _ w ith _ them. 4 ． longer 5 ． Volunteering _ is _ not _ only _ about _ w ork _ but _ also _ about _ fun. ( 一 ) 根据短文内容 ， 完成短文后的任务。 ( 2015 ， 沈阳 ) It is in August of 2050. Mrs Peng and Mr Yu are w riting about hotels and houses on their posts . The Hotel Whale The Hotel Whale is built (A) 在水下 ． It is in the shape of a whale.This hotel has 50 bedrooms ， a cafe and a shopping center. Mrs Peng ： “ When w e w ere staying at the hotel recently ， my children w atched the fish outside their bedroom w indo w .( B ) They w ere ne v er bored ！ ” Forever Green Houses These houses are both “green” and “smart” ． There is glass outside the houses.Heat is held under the glass and is then used as energy for (C) each house.In the bathroom ， your medicine cupboard is connected to your doctor's computer.In the kitchen ， your smart fridge tells the supermarket's computer when you (D) need more food. Mr Yu ： “ When w e w ere li v ing in our old house ， w e w ere using more energy . I w ould certainly recommend Fore v er Green Houses to my friends .( E ) They _ w ill _ satisfy _ e v eryone . ” 1 ． 将 (A) 处画线部分译成英语： _______________ 2 ． 文中 (B) 处画线部分指代的是： __________ 3 ． 写出文中 (C) 处和 (D) 处画线部分的同义词或近义词： _________ 4 ． 将文中 (E) 处画线部分改写为： Everyone will __________ with them. 5 ． 在文中找出两个描述未来房屋的形容词： __________ under_the_ w ater my_children every want be satisfied green smart ( 二 ) 还原句子 阅读短文 ， 从 A － E 五个句子中选择正确选项还原到文中 ， 使短文内容完整、正确。 ( 2016 ， 营口 ) Mobile phones have become a problem for middle schools.Some middle schools in Australia have banned( 禁止 ) students from carrying mobile phones during school hours. Mobile phone use among children has become a problem for the schools this year.Several children have got mobile phones as Christmas gifts. 1 . ____ Marry Bluett ， an official ， said mobile phone use was a distraction( 分心的事 ) to students during school hours. 2. ____ Teachers were saying that sometimes students might use phone messages to cheat during exams.She also D E said some schools had tried to ban mobile phones at school. 3. ____ Because they couldn't get in touch with their children without mobile phones. Many teachers said students should not have mobile phones at school ， but if there was a good reason ， they could leave their phones at school office.They also said there were many reasons why the students should not have mobile phones at school. 4. ____ Many people said that they understood why parents would want their children to have mobile phones. 5. ____ ． B A C A ． It also gave teachers so much trouble in their classrooms. B ． But some parents felt unhappy about this. C ． They thought schools should let the students know when they could use their mobile phones. D ． Then more students want them. E ． For example ， they were easy to lose and were distraction from studies.