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【专题课件】小升初英语专题精讲
第十八讲
动词
-
动词的基本形式
(超全精编版)
Lead in
动词的基本形式:
小学阶段所学的绝大多数动词都有四种基本形式:原形、第三人称单数、过去式和现在分词。
形式
原形
第三人称单数
过去式
现在分词
例词
play
plays
played
playing
do
does
did
doing
skate
skates
skated
skating
Language points
第三人称单数的构成方法如下:
类别
构成方法
例词
一般情况
在动词后加-s
like-likes play-plays
以“辅音字母+y”结尾
把y变i,再加-es
study-studies cry-cries
以s,x,o,sh,ch等结尾
加-es
watch-watches fish-fishes
注意:动词第三人称单数形式的读法与名词的复数读法相同。注意三个特殊动词的第三人称单数:
have-has
,
do-does
,
go-goes
。
Language points
过去式多由动词原形加
-ed
构成,这类动词被称为规则动词。动词过去式的构成方法如下:
类别
构成方法
例词
一般情况
加
-ed
watch-watched
以
e结尾
加
-d
skate-skated
以
“辅音字母+y”结尾
把
y为i,再加ed
study-studied try-tried
以重读闭音节结尾,
末尾只有一个辅音字母
将末尾的辅音字母双写,
再加ed
chat-chatted
stop-stopped
Language points
过去式的读法如下:
情况
读音
举例
/t/,/d/后
/ɪd/
planted/plaːntɪd/
清辅音(/t/除外)后
/t/
asked/ɑ:skt/ watched/wɒtʃt/
其他情况
/d/
lived/lɪvd/ played/pleid/
Language points
还有一部分的动词过去式属于不规则变化:
am, is -- was
keep -- kept
grow -- grew
are -- were
sleep -- slept
know -- knew
do -- did
sweep -- swept
throw -- threw
go -- went
tell -- told
blow -- blew
have -- had
sell -- sold
write -- wrote
see -- saw
begin -- began
drive -- drove
can -- could
sing -- sang
ride -- rode
may -- might
sit -- sat
get -- got
dig -- dug
swim -- swam
forget -- forgot
eat -- ate
ring -- rang
lend -- lent
Language points
还有一部分的动词过去式属于不规则变化:
find -- found
buy -- bought
stand -- stood
make -- made
think -- thought
understand -- understood
hear -- heard
teach -- taught
let -- let
run -- ran
catch -- caught
cut -- cut
take -- took
come -- came
put -- put
hold -- held
become -- became
read -- read
speak -- spoke
send -- sent
leave -- left
spend -- spent
give -- gave
say -- said
bring -- brought
pay -- paid
Language points
动词现在分词的构成方法如下:
类别
构成方法
例词
一般情况
加-
ing
go-going play-playing
因不发音的字母
e结尾
去
e,加-ing
skate-skating dance-dancing
重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母
将末尾的辅音字母双写,再加-ing
sit-sitting swim-swimming
Practice
goes
解析:以
o
结尾的单词在构成第三人称单数时,在词尾加
-es
,故填
goes
。
真题演练:按要求写单词。
1.go
(第三人称单数)
________________________________
真题演练:按要求写单词。
2.have
(第三人称单数)
________________________________
has
解析:
have
的第三人称单数形式为
has
,故填
has
。
Practice
read
解析:
read
的原形与过去式相同,故填
read
。
真题演练:按要求写单词。
3.read
(原形)
________________________________
Practice
真题演练:按要求写单词。
4.flew
(原形)
________________________________
fly
解析:
flew
是动词
fly
的过去式,故填
fly
。
Practice
真题演练:按要求写单词。
5.study
(过去式)
________________________________
studied
解析:以辅音字母加
y
结尾的,要变
y
为
i
,故填
studied
。
Practice
真题演练:按要求写单词。
6.play
(现在分词)
________________________________
playing
解析:
play
的现在分词形式直接加
-ing
,故填
playing
。
Practice
随堂演练:按要求写单词。
1.made
(原形)
________________________________
2.cry
(过去式)
________________________________
3.stop
(过去式)
________________________________
4.meet
(过去式)
________________________________
5.catch
(过去式)
________________________________
6.dance
(第三人称单数)
________________________________
make
cried
stopped
met
catched
dances
Practice
Summary
一、动词的分类:
及物动词、不及物动词、连系动词、助动词、情态动词。
二、有的动词在不同的句子中往往表现为不同的动词种类。
三、有些动词可以和一些别的词构成短语来表达一个概念,其作用和一个单独的动词差不多。
四、动词的限定形式和非限定形式。
Homework
选择填空。
( )1. Do you
_________
Chinese?
A. speak B. talk C. say
( )2. David is
________
his pen, but he can't
________
it.
A. finding; look for B. look for; find C. looking for; find
( )3. My father likes _____ very much. He usually
_______
nice food on Saturdays.
A. cookss cooking B. cooking; cooks C. cooking; cooking
A
C
B
Homework
选择填空。
( )
4.一May
I _______
your bike? 一Sure.
A. ride B. riding C. read
( )
5. My father
_________
a new car. He
_________
it very much
.
A. have; like B
.
has
;
likes C. has; like
( )
6. What time will he
_________
back tomorrow?
A. be B. is C.am
( )
7. Nancy
__________
do well in Chinese. She needs some help.
A. don't B isn't C. doesn't
A
B
A
C
Homework
选择填空。
( )
8.一Does it often
________ i
n Guangzhou in winter?一No, it doesn't.
A. snowing B. snows C. snow
( )
9.一Can you
________
me the way to the shopping centre?
一Sorry, I am new here.
A. tell B. to tell C.
t
elling
( )
10. Ben likes sports. He is good at
__________.
A.run B. running C. runs
C
A
B
动词的基本形式:
第三人称单数的构成方法
过去式的读法
动词现在分词的构成方法