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  • 2022-02-12 发布

【专题课件】小升初英语专题精讲 第十八讲 动词-动词的基本形式(超全精编版)

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【专题课件】小升初英语专题精讲 第十八讲 动词 - 动词的基本形式 (超全精编版) Lead in 动词的基本形式: 小学阶段所学的绝大多数动词都有四种基本形式:原形、第三人称单数、过去式和现在分词。 形式 原形 第三人称单数 过去式 现在分词 例词 play plays played playing do does did doing skate skates skated skating Language points 第三人称单数的构成方法如下: 类别 构成方法 例词 一般情况 在动词后加-s like-likes play-plays 以“辅音字母+y”结尾 把y变i,再加-es study-studies cry-cries 以s,x,o,sh,ch等结尾 加-es watch-watches fish-fishes 注意:动词第三人称单数形式的读法与名词的复数读法相同。注意三个特殊动词的第三人称单数: have-has , do-does , go-goes 。 Language points 过去式多由动词原形加 -ed 构成,这类动词被称为规则动词。动词过去式的构成方法如下: 类别 构成方法 例词 一般情况 加 -ed watch-watched 以 e结尾 加 -d skate-skated 以 “辅音字母+y”结尾 把 y为i,再加ed study-studied try-tried 以重读闭音节结尾, 末尾只有一个辅音字母 将末尾的辅音字母双写, 再加ed chat-chatted stop-stopped Language points 过去式的读法如下: 情况 读音 举例 /t/,/d/后 /ɪd/ planted/plaːntɪd/ 清辅音(/t/除外)后 /t/ asked/ɑ:skt/ watched/wɒtʃt/ 其他情况 /d/ lived/lɪvd/ played/pleid/ Language points 还有一部分的动词过去式属于不规则变化: am, is -- was keep -- kept grow -- grew are -- were sleep -- slept know -- knew do -- did sweep -- swept throw -- threw go -- went tell -- told blow -- blew have -- had sell -- sold write -- wrote see -- saw begin -- began drive -- drove can -- could sing -- sang ride -- rode may -- might sit -- sat get -- got dig -- dug swim -- swam forget -- forgot eat -- ate ring -- rang lend -- lent Language points 还有一部分的动词过去式属于不规则变化: find -- found buy -- bought stand -- stood make -- made think -- thought understand -- understood hear -- heard teach -- taught let -- let run -- ran catch -- caught cut -- cut take -- took come -- came put -- put hold -- held become -- became read -- read speak -- spoke send -- sent leave -- left spend -- spent give -- gave say -- said bring -- brought pay -- paid Language points 动词现在分词的构成方法如下: 类别 构成方法 例词 一般情况 加- ing go-going play-playing 因不发音的字母 e结尾 去 e,加-ing skate-skating dance-dancing 重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母 将末尾的辅音字母双写,再加-ing sit-sitting swim-swimming Practice goes 解析:以 o 结尾的单词在构成第三人称单数时,在词尾加 -es ,故填 goes 。 真题演练:按要求写单词。 1.go (第三人称单数) ________________________________ 真题演练:按要求写单词。 2.have (第三人称单数) ________________________________ has 解析: have 的第三人称单数形式为 has ,故填 has 。 Practice read 解析: read 的原形与过去式相同,故填 read 。 真题演练:按要求写单词。 3.read (原形) ________________________________ Practice 真题演练:按要求写单词。 4.flew (原形) ________________________________ fly 解析: flew 是动词 fly 的过去式,故填 fly 。 Practice 真题演练:按要求写单词。 5.study (过去式) ________________________________ studied 解析:以辅音字母加 y 结尾的,要变 y 为 i ,故填 studied 。 Practice 真题演练:按要求写单词。 6.play (现在分词) ________________________________ playing 解析: play 的现在分词形式直接加 -ing ,故填 playing 。 Practice 随堂演练:按要求写单词。 1.made (原形) ________________________________ 2.cry (过去式) ________________________________ 3.stop (过去式) ________________________________ 4.meet (过去式) ________________________________ 5.catch (过去式) ________________________________ 6.dance (第三人称单数) ________________________________ make cried stopped met catched dances Practice Summary 一、动词的分类: 及物动词、不及物动词、连系动词、助动词、情态动词。 二、有的动词在不同的句子中往往表现为不同的动词种类。 三、有些动词可以和一些别的词构成短语来表达一个概念,其作用和一个单独的动词差不多。 四、动词的限定形式和非限定形式。 Homework 选择填空。 ( )1. Do you _________ Chinese? A. speak B. talk C. say ( )2. David is ________ his pen, but he can't ________ it. A. finding; look for B. look for; find C. looking for; find ( )3. My father likes _____ very much. He usually _______ nice food on Saturdays. A. cookss cooking B. cooking; cooks C. cooking; cooking A C B Homework 选择填空。 ( ) 4.一May I _______ your bike? 一Sure. A. ride B. riding C. read ( ) 5. My father _________ a new car. He _________ it very much . A. have; like B . has ; likes C. has; like ( ) 6. What time will he _________ back tomorrow? A. be B. is C.am ( ) 7. Nancy __________ do well in Chinese. She needs some help. A. don't B isn't C. doesn't A B A C Homework 选择填空。 ( ) 8.一Does it often ________ i n Guangzhou in winter?一No, it doesn't. A. snowing B. snows C. snow ( ) 9.一Can you ________ me the way to the shopping centre? 一Sorry, I am new here. A. tell B. to tell C. t elling ( ) 10. Ben likes sports. He is good at __________. A.run B. running C. runs C A B 动词的基本形式: 第三人称单数的构成方法 过去式的读法 动词现在分词的构成方法