2011江苏常州中考英语试题word解析版3 10页

常州市二○一一年初中毕业、升学统一考试 英 语 试 题 注意事项：‎ ‎ 1．本试卷共8页，全卷满分为90分。考试时间为100分钟。考生须将答案书写在答题卡上，写在试卷上的一律无效。‎ ‎ 2．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考试证号填写在试卷上，并填写答题卡上的考生信息。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。‎ 一、单项选择(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)‎ 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ ‎1．— _______ expensive mobile phone it is！‎ ‎ —Yes, but I think _______ style is quite fashionable.‎ ‎ A.What a；a B.How；the C.What an; the D.How an; the 解析：C。此句考查感叹句和冠词的用法。感叹句的构成是what +（a/an）+ adj. + n（复数）.+主语+谓语！how +adj /adv. .+主语+谓语！上文已提及，下文在提及，用定冠词。‎ ‎2．—Congratulations! Among the best pictures in the competition，I found _______. Why did you draw it?‎ 一During the trip to the Yellow Mountain _______ May.‎ ‎ A.yours; in B.yours; on C.you; in D.you; on 解析：A。考查物主代词和介词的用法。根据句意第一个空应用名词性物主代词；答语指的是笼统时间，所以用介词in.‎ ‎3．We have ________ some organizations to help the poor students in the western areas of China.‎ ‎ A.taken up B.put up C.picked up D.set up 解析：D。take up 占据；put up 举起; pick up 捡起，set up 建立故选D。‎ ‎4．The book was written in _______ easy English _______ even primary school students could understand it.‎ ‎ A.so; that B.such; that C.too; to D. very; that 解析：B。such 是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组，so是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词。so 还可与表示数量的形容词many，few，much， little连用，形成固定搭配。‎ ‎5．一Middle school students don’t know much about shopping online, _______ they?‎ ‎ 一 _______. It’s very popu]ar with teenagers.‎ ‎ A.do；No B.do; Yes C.don’t; NO D .don’t; Yes 解析：B。 考查反义疑问句的用法。反义疑问句前肯定后否定；因前句是否定句，所以用肯定的形式；回答与一般疑问句的回答一致。‎ ‎6．The cakes in the restaurant _______，so they _______ well.‎ ‎ A.are tasted better; are sold B.are tasted well; sell ‎ C.taste terrible; are sold D.taste nice; sell 解析：D。考查系动词的用法。句意“在这个饭店里的蛋糕尝起来很好，因此卖得很好。”‎ ‎7．一Shall we meet at the station at 8 am?‎ ‎ —In fact, we _______. The train _______ until l0 a.m.‎ ‎ A.mustn’t; doesn’t leave B.mustn’t; leaves ‎ C.needn’t; won’t leave D.needn’t; will leave 解析：C。根据句意第一个空应用needn’t ; 时间是将来的，第二个空应not … until . 直到…才。‎ ‎8．一I am out of breath. I can’t go any further.‎ ‎ 一_______! I am sure you can make it.‎ ‎ A.No problem B.What a pity C.Not bad D.Come on 解析：D。 根据上句句意及答语的后半句可以看出，是鼓励对方加油。‎ ‎9．一Would you like some fried rice?‎ ‎ —I would rather eat noodles ________have beef in them.‎ ‎ A.that B.than C.what D.as 解析：B。would rather …than “宁愿… 也不愿意… ”‎ ‎10．In the UK, a woman usually doesn’t like to be asked________.‎ ‎ A.whether she had been married B.what is her age C.how much she weighs D.where she comes from 解析：C. 考查宾语从句的用法，主句一般现在时态，从句用现在时态的某种时态，语序要用陈述语序，再根据英国的风俗习惯，故选D。‎ 二、完形填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)‎ ‎ 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ Mental health is about the way you think and feel and your ability to deal with ups and downs. Even though you are mentally healthy, it doesn’t __11__ that you don’t have a menta1 health problem.‎ Mental health is everyone’s business. We all have times when we feel down or __12___. Most of the time those feelings pass，__13___ sometimes they develop into a more serious problem. It seems that our mental health doesn’t always stay the same. It can change as the environment changes and as you move __14___ different stages(阶段)of your life.‎ Here are four practical __15___ to look after your mental health. Making simple changes to how you live doesn’t cost much or take up lots of time. Anyone can __16___ them.‎ ‎●Talk about your feelings. It can help you stay in good mental health. It isn’t a sign of __17___, but part of your ability to do what you can to stay healthy.‎ ‎●Eat well. What you eat and how you feel are __18___ connected. A proper diet can have a good effect on your mental health.‎ ‎●Keep in touch. Friends and family members can offer __19___suggestions which may help you keep active and solve practical problems.‎ ‎●Take a break. It could be a weekend __20___ new places to enjoy the nature, or even a ten-minute break from doing your homework. A few minutes can be enough to relax you.‎ ‎11．A.agree B.mean C.doubt D.notice ‎12．A.excited B.satisfied C.surprised D stressed ‎13．A.but B.and C.so D.as ‎14．A.away B.inside C.through D.against ‎15．A.answer B.replies C.ways D.chances ‎16．A.follow B.find C.advise D.count ‎17．A.weakness B.laziness C.happiness D.richness ‎18．A.easily B.closely C.equally D.hardly ‎19．A.difficult B.terrible C.strange D. various ‎20．A.protecting B.exploring C.providing D.imagining ‎【主旨大意】心理健康能直接影响一个人的能力，根据不同的心理疾病，提供了四种解决方法。‎ ‎11.解析：B根据上句“即使你是健康的，并不意味着着没有心理问题。”‎ ‎12. 解析：D。但我们感到失落或有压力时。‎ ‎13.解析：A。根据上下句表示转折。‎ ‎14.解析: C .让步状语从句。‎ ‎15.解析;C 根据下文，介绍的是四种方法，所以选C。‎ ‎16.解析：A。follow 遵循的意思。‎ ‎17.解析：A。weakness 虚弱 ‎18.解析：B ‎19.解析：D。朋友和家人可以给你提供各种能让你保持积极和解决实际问题的建议。‎ ‎20.解析：B。‎ 三、阅读理解(共13小题；每小题2分，满分26分)‎ 阅读下面短文，从各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。‎ A ‎ If you are cycling in foreign countries, you will need to know what these traffic signs and signals mean.‎ ‎1‎ A sign like this one means that there is a bike lane(车道). If there is such a sign，you are required to use the bike lane.‎ If there is not such a sign, you should ride with traffic as far to the right side of the road as possible.‎ ‎2‎ This signal means you can cross the street along with pedestrians(行人). It has a green picture of a oerson walking instead of using the word“walk”.‎ ‎3‎ This signal is the “don’t walk”sign. It is a picture of a red hand, ‎ meaning you should stop. You should wait to cross the street until the green picture of the person walking is showing.‎ ‎4‎ Car drivers and bikers must come to a complete stop at“STOP” signs.‎ ‎5‎ A“YIELD”sign means to slow down and be ready to stop.‎ If there are pedestrians or vehicles in or near the crossroad, you must stop. If there is no traffic in or near the crossroad and it is safe, you may go through.‎ ‎6‎ This signal means you are coming to a zebra crossing. Car drivers and bikers must stop to allow people in the zebra crossing to cross the street.‎ ‎7‎ When people are working on the roads, parts of the road are often dug up or rough(不平整的). Be careful when yon are cycling. Rough roads could make you fall off your bike.‎ If you must move into the road to go around a work area，you should stop and look carefully to be sure there is no traffic coming.‎ ‎8‎ A detour is a way of getting around a roadway that is closed. Roads are usually closed because of road work or dangerous conditions. If you must take a detour, be careful about the roads you aren’t used to.‎ ‎21．What are cyclists required to do when they see the sign ? ‎ A.To ride against traffic.‎ B.To ride on the left side of the road.‎ C.To ride on the bike lane.‎ D.To ride on the right side of the road ‎22．Which of the following signs has the same meaning as the sign ?‎ ‎23．What should cyclists do when they see the sign ?‎ A.They should be careful when they cycle on the rough road.‎ B.They should take the rough road and fall off their bikes.21世纪教育网 C.They should move into the road to go around a work area.‎ D.They should take another route instead of the closed roadway.‎ ‎【主旨大意】在国外旅行，要了解国外不同的标志所代表的不同含义。‎ ‎21.C 解析：根据第一幅图片里面的第一句话。‎ ‎22.B 解析：根据第三幅图片里面的第一句话。‎ ‎23.A 解析：根据第七幅图片里面的第一段的第二句话。‎ B It was the last day of final examinations at a large college. On the steps of one building, a group of engineering students were discussing the exam that was ahout to begin. On their faces was confidence. This was their last exam before they graduated(毕业)and found jobs.‎ Some talked of jobs they already had，others of jobs they would get. With four years of college study，they felt ready and able to conquer(征服)the world.‎ The coming exam，they knew，would be easy. The professor(教授)had said they could bring any books or notes they wanted，but they couldn’t talk to each other during the test.‎ They walked into the classroom. The professor passed out the papers. The students’ smiles became wide as they saw that there were only five essay-type questions.‎ Three hours passed and the exam came to an end. Then the professor began to collect the papers. The students no longer looked confident. They seemed worried. No one spoke as the professor faced the class with the papers in her hand.‎ She looked at all the worried faces in front of her, and then asked，“How many students completed all five questions?”‎ Not a hand was put up.‎ ‎‘‘How many of you answered four?” Still no hands.‎ ‎“Three?Two?”The students moved restlessly in their seats.‎ ‎“One，then. Certainly somebody finished one．”But the class stayed silent. The professor put down the papers.“That is just what I expected，”she said.‎ ‎“I just wanted to make sure you realize that even though you have studied engineering for four years, there are still many things about the subject you don’t know. Instead of testing you on what you learned in this class, I’ve given you questions that skilled engineers face in the world outside the classroom. You can’t expect to be an expert(专家)on the day you graduate. You have to learn as you go.”‎ Then，smiling, she added，“You will all pass this course, but remember that your education has just begun.’’‎ ‎24．What does the underlined word“restlessly”mean in the passage?‎ A.confidentIy B.proudly C.excitedly D.nervously ‎25．Why did the professor design the final exam in such a way?‎ A.To make the students realize that they still had much to learn after graduation.‎ B.To find out whether the students could put what they had learned into practice.‎ C.To show that she had much more knowledge than her students in engineering.‎ D.To examine whether the students learned what they had been taught in her class.‎ ‎26．What can be the best title of the passage?‎ A.A Playful Joke B.A Lucky Chance C.A Strange Professor D.A Special Exam ‎【主旨大意】本文讲述了即将毕业的大学生参加最后一次毕业考试，开考之前，人人信心十足，但考完试后，没有考试前的自信和高兴，反而变得更加忧虑了，通过教授的询问，教授鼓励大家要继续学习，不要满足于现状。‎ ‎24. D。解析：通过上文学生考完试的情景推断。‎ ‎25.A．解析：根据“I just wanted to make sure you realize that even though you have studied engineering for four years, there are still many things about the subject you don’t know.”可以看出。‎ ‎26.D．解析：通过对整篇文章的理解，D项最符合。‎ C For a long time being happy was considered natural，and there was nothing special to do about it. Now we know that we can work at getting along well with other people. It is possible to act in such a way that other people will like us better.‎ One way is being unselfish，not wanting everything your own way or asking for the best share of everything, including the attention of your friends. Another way is to look for good points, not bad ones in other people.‎ You don’t have to be spineless(无骨气的)in order to be popular. In fact，you will be liked and respected(尊重)if you are not afraid to stand up for your rights(权利). But do it politely and pleasantly. One way to develop a good character is being friendly and polite to your own group, to older people，to strangers and especially to those who do not look important or do not interest you.‎ You cannot expect to be perfect, so you must learn not to be too unhappy when you make a mistake. Everyone makes mistakes, and no one is to be blamed unless he refuses to learn from them. Many young people become discouraged(泄气的) when they know their unpleasant ‎ qualities—selfishness，laziness，etc. Just remember that we all have some of these faults and have to fight against them.‎ When sometMng is wrong，it is best to try to make it right. Perhaps you don’t like a teacher or a classmate. Try to see why，and look at yourself，too. Make sure that you are not doing something to make others dislike you. In time, things may turn out all right, then you simply have to learn to get along the best you can with the situation, without thinking too much about it. Worrying never helps in a situation you can’t change.‎ ‎27．Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the underlined part?‎ A.Not sharing anything with others. ‎ B.Not thinking too much of yourself.21世纪教育网 C.Not attracting the attention of your friends.‎ D.Not making friends with people who have bad points.‎ ‎28．How can we get along well with others according to the passage?‎ A.We should find out unpleasant qualities in others and in ourselves.‎ B.We should show others our unpleasant qualities.‎ C.We should stand up for our rights in any way we like.‎ D.We should fight against our unpleasant qualities.‎ ‎29．What can we know from the passage?‎ A.Even if we don’t have good relationships with others，we needn’t work at it.‎ B.Even if someone is not important to us，we still need to treat him politely.‎ C.Even if we are willing to learn from ouy mistakes，we are still to be blamed.‎ D.Even if the situation cannot be changed, we still need to worry much about it.‎ ‎【主旨大意】如何让自己变得更快乐。‎ ‎27. B。解析：句意“不想让你随心所欲或要求最美好的一切” ‎ ‎28.D解析：根据One way to develop a good character is being friendly and polite to your own group, to older people，to strangers and especially to those who do not look important or do not interest you.”‎ ‎29.B．解析：最后一段。‎ D You are probably familiar with the saying：An apple a day keeps the doctor away. A recent research carried out by the Chinese University of Hong Kong may change the saying:‎ An apple a day may keep aging away.‎ The research chose fruit flies(果蝇), as they share many genes(基因)with humans. The fruit flies were either fed normally or had an apple extract(浓缩物) added to their diet.‎ It turned out that those fruit flies that were given apple extract lived about 55 days—five days longer than the flies that were normally fed. The research group also found it easier for the flies to walk，climb and move about as they aged.‎ According to the result, the researchers believed that the antioxidants(抗氧化剂) in the apple extract helped clean up dangerous chemicals(化学物质) that cause illnesses，as well as aging.‎ In another study，researchers examined diets of thousands of women. They discovered that those who regularly ate apples were 20 percent less likely to suffer heart illnesses and stroke.‎ The apples’ genetic code(遗传密码) was discovered recently. It allows scientists to develop nicer and healthier fruits. Researchers are already using the information to grow a kind of apples full of antioxidants that can keep eyes and joints healthy and protect humans against heart ‎ illnesses and cancer.‎ Apples that kill the desire(欲望) to eat could also be produced, with the first“extra-healthy’’apples on supermarket shelves within just four or five years.‎ The team that keeps studying apple DNA includes 100 scientists from five countries. Their research also suggests that around 65 million years ago, when dinosaurs began to die off the plant，which would finally become today’s apple tree, experienced a great genetic change. The number of many of its genes doubled. The extra genes allowed the apple to get used to worse conditions and go through a different development from peaches，strawberries and other related fruits.‎ ‎30．Why were fruit flies used for the research?‎ A.Because they have a similar diet to humans.‎ B.Because they have a history as long as apples.‎ C.Because they share a lot of genes with humans.‎ D.Because they feed on nothing but apple extract.‎ ‎31．What result did the researchers find out?‎ A.Apples produce chemicals that can change human genes.‎ B.Apples have antioxidants that kill chemicals that cause aging.‎ C.Apples are rich in vitamins that are needed in humans’bodies.‎ D.Apples produce chemicals that make apples taste more delicious.‎ ‎32．What happened to apples around 65 million years ago according to the research?‎ A.Their genes stopped their development as the environment got worse.‎ B.Their genes became twice in number but they finally died off like dinosaurs.‎ C.They experienced a great genetic change making them used to worse conditions.‎ D.They went through a similar development to peaches, strawberries and other related fruits.‎ ‎33．What can we infer(推断)from the passage?‎ A.Eating apples may bring us more advantages than we might believe before.‎ B.People who have the habit of eating apples don’t need to see a doctor.‎ C.Apples that kill the desire to eat are already available in supermarkets now.‎ D.People will eat apples instead of peaches and strawberries from now on.‎ ‎【主旨大意】一天一个苹果，疾病远离我，可最近一项研究表明，一天一个苹果，有助于抗老化。‎ ‎30. C解析：The research chose fruit flies(果蝇), as they share many genes(基因)with humans.可以看出。‎ ‎31.B 解析：根据“According to the result, the researchers believed that the antioxidants(抗氧化剂) in the apple extract helped clean up dangerous chemicals(化学物质) that cause illnesses，as well as aging.”‎ ‎32. C。 解析：根据“when dinosaurs began to die off the plant，which would finally become today’s apple tree, experienced a great genetic change.”‎ ‎33.A解析; 吃苹果会给我们带来更多的优点比我们可能相信之前。‎ 四、阅读表达(共5小题；每小题1分。满分5分)‎ 阅读下面短文，在表格内的空白处填入合适的答案(每格限填一词)‎ The way in which we communicate with others can be greatly improved by building a better ‎ vocabulary. In our personal life，we communicate and share experiences with others. However, how well we do it depends on(取决于)our ability to express ourselves through spoken and written language. Luckily，increasing(增加)our word power can make us own the skills we need to communicate better with others and can also help us get better results in our study.‎ When you see a new word，whether through reading or hearing someone say the word，just be ready to take out your dictionary and look it up-learn about the word and anything that relates(与…相关)to it. If you understand the word, you’ll hopefully remember it well.‎ Meanwhile, you’d better write down words to learn. You can go through the dictionary，magazine and newspaper or even take down the unknown words you hear. Try to review them every day-look at the words and speak them out loudly. Copy the words over and over again，along with their meanings，and you will surprisingly remember themn in no time.‎ You can also do word searches，crossword puzzles or other word games. Playing these games，you are more likely to come across new words, and when you are caught in new words, study them. The more words you have in your brain’s word bank，the better you will become at these word games. You will be remembering，learning and having fun，too.‎ Finally, reading is also believed to be an excellent way to learn new words and build up your vocabulary. Read things you are interested in，because in this way，you are less likely to become bored. But dont skip over(忽略) those words you don’t know. Instead, you should remember and use them in your own daily conversations. Use them more, and you’ll surely have a better chance of remembering them.‎ Topic：Increasing Your Vocabulary ‎(34)__________‎ of building up vocabulary ‎●Improve your ability to express yourselves and communicate better with others.‎ ‎●Be (35)___________to your study.‎ Suggestions on remembering new words ‎1.Remember every new word you meet with by(36)__________it.‎ ‎●Learn about the word and anything that relates to it by looking it up in your dictionary.‎ ‎2.Make a (37)__________of new words to learn.‎ ‎●Review the words every day by looking at and speaking them out loudly.‎ ‎●Copy the words and their meanings over and over again.‎ ‎3.Do word games.‎ ‎●Play these games，come across new words and study them with fun.‎ ‎4.Learn words through reading.‎ ‎●Read things you(38)__________.‎ ‎●Do not skip over new words，but remember and use them more.‎ ‎【主旨大意】阅读能提高你的表达能力，扩大词汇量。‎ ‎34.Importance / Advantages / Value / Reasons ‎35.helpful / useful ‎36.understanding ‎ ‎37.list ‎38.like /enjoy / love 五、词汇(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)‎ A)根据句子意思，用括号中所给词的正确形式填空，每空填一词。‎ ‎39．Three __________(four)of the students in our class have handed in their reports.‎ ‎40．You needn’t be frightened because these insects are completely ____________(harm).‎ ‎41．If you add some lemonade and sugar，the dish will be much ___________(taste).‎ ‎42．How ____________(active)they are donating money to help the sick student!‎ ‎43．Some of the film stars had been ____________(sing)before they entered the film industry.‎ 答案：39.fourths 40.harmless 41.tastier 42.actively 43.singers B)根据句意及汉语提示，写出各单词的正确形式，每空填一词。‎ ‎44．The charity event is ___________(结束). We all think it is a great success.‎ ‎45．I dislike this channel because ___________(少数)programmes on it are interesting.‎ ‎46．Ice turns into water when the temperature is ___________(超过)0℃．‎ ‎47．一Which of these shirts do you like best?‎ 一I’ll take ____________(没有). They are both expensive and out of fashion.‎ ‎48．The book he is fond of ____________(描述)how birds live.‎ 答案：44.over 45.few 46.above 47.none 48.describes 六、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空(共5小题；每小题1分。满分5分)‎ ‎49．一I phoned you yesterday morning, but you were not in.‎ 一We __________ (fish)by the river.‎ ‎50．___________ (make)sure that there are no mistakes，he will check the paper carefully.‎ ‎51．Is the washing machine I have used for a long time worth __________(fix)?‎ ‎52．There ___________(not be) much snow here in the past three years.‎ ‎53．I don’t know if we ___________(sbow) around the History Museum tomorrow afternoon.‎ 答案：49.were fishing 50.To make 51.fixing 52.hasn’t been 53.will bw shown / am going to be shown 七、根据所给中文完成句子(共6小题；每小题1．5分，满分9分)‎ ‎54．在这次运动会上，他跳得没我远。‎ He _____________________________________________.‎ ‎55．截止到2010年底为止，你去过美国多少次？‎ ‎__________________________________ by the end of 2010.‎ ‎56．我们别无选择，只能放弃旅行计划。‎ ‎ We ________________________________________________.‎ ‎57．他宁愿住在乡下，也不愿意在城市里谋生。‎ ‎ He’d rather ______________________________________________.‎ ‎58．你能告诉我你来中国多久了吗？‎ ‎ Could you tell me ____________________________________?‎ ‎59．你有足够的耐心教我发电子邮件吗?‎ Are you ________________________________________________?‎ 答案：54.He didn’t jump so/as far as I/me at the sports meeting.‎ ‎55.How many times had you been to American /the USA by the end of 2010?‎ ‎56.We had/have no choice but to give up the travel plan/ the plan for the trip.‎ ‎57.He’d rather live in the countryside than make a living in the city.‎ ‎58.Could you tell me how long you have been in China?‎ ‎59.Are you patient enough to teach me (how) to send e-mails?‎ 八、书面表达(共1题；满分15分)‎ 假如上周一你班举行了“爱护水、节约水”的主题活动，请你根据以下要点为你校校报写一篇活动报道。‎ 活动内容 邀请王老师作报告；全班讨论如何节水和爱护水。‎ 活动收获 我们知道我国一些地方水源受到污染；我市虽有一些河流和湖泊，但也缺水。所以……（节水和爱护水的方法至少各发挥一点)。‎ 活动感受 ‎……‎ 注意：‎ ‎1．词数不少于90。文章的开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。‎ ‎2．要点完整、层次清晰、语法正确、上下文连贯。‎ ‎3．文中不得真实的人名、校名。‎ Last Monday we held an activity________________________________________________‎ ‎__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Last Monday we held an activity about saving and protecting water.‎ Mr Wang was invited to give us a talk. After his speech, we had a discussion about how to save and protect water.‎ Now we know that some of the rivers are polluted in our country and that we are short of water although there are some rivers and lakes in our city. As a result, we need to protect and save water. For example, we shouldn’t leave water running after using it.Besides, we mustn’t throw rubbish into the rivers.‎ After taking part in the activity, we had a better understanding of the importance of protecting the environment and saving water.‎