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  • 2021-05-10 发布

广州中考英语必考语法精选文档

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‎【一】中考语法考查 要练说,得练看。看与说是统一的,看不准就难以说得好。练看,就是训练幼儿的观察能力,扩大幼儿的认知范围,让幼儿在观察事物、观察生活、观察自然的活动中,积累词汇、理解词义、发展语言。在运用观察法组织活动时,我着眼观察于观察对象的选择,着力于观察过程的指导,着重于幼儿观察能力和语言表达能力的提高。 必考语法点之一:被动语态 教师范读的是阅读教学中不可缺少的部分,我常采用范读,让幼儿学习、模仿。如领读,我读一句,让幼儿读一句,边读边记;第二通读,我大声读,我大声读,幼儿小声读,边学边仿;第三赏读,我借用录好配朗读磁带,一边放录音,一边幼儿反复倾听,在反复倾听中体验、品味。 考查形式:语选,完形,完成句子题型出现,尤其是完成句子。 ‎ 与当今“教师”一称最接近的“老师”概念,最早也要追溯至宋元时期。金代元好问《示侄孙伯安》诗云:“伯安入小学,颖悟非凡貌,属句有夙性,说字惊老师。”于是看,宋元时期小学教师被称为“老师”有案可稽。清代称主考官也为“老师”,而一般学堂里的先生则称为“教师”或“教习”。可见,“教师”一说是比较晚的事了。如今体会,“教师”的含义比之“老师”一说,具有资历和学识程度上较低一些的差别。辛亥革命后,教师与其他官员一样依法令任命,故又称“教师”为“教员”。 考察难度:考查的动词都是比较简单、拼写不会超过5个字母的单词,过去分词一般都是直接+ed出现,出题不难,要求掌握被动语态的判断、被动语态的结构和动词过去分词的正确拼写。 ‎ 与当今“教师”一称最接近的“老师”概念,最早也要追溯至宋元时期。金代元好问《示侄孙伯安》诗云:“伯安入小学,颖悟非凡貌,属句有夙性,说字惊老师。”于是看,宋元时期小学教师被称为“老师”有案可稽。清代称主考官也为“老师”,而一般学堂里的先生则称为“教师”或“教习”。可见,“教师”一说是比较晚的事了。如今体会,“教师”的含义比之“老师”一说,具有资历和学识程度上较低一些的差别。辛亥革命后,教师与其他官员一样依法令任命,故又称“教师”为“教员”。 要点归纳: ‎ ‎“师”之概念,大体是从先秦时期的“师长、师傅、先生”而来。其中“师傅”更早则意指春秋时国君的老师。《说文解字》中有注曰:“师教人以道者之称也”。“师”之含义,现在泛指从事教育工作或是传授知识技术也或是某方面有特长值得学习者。“老师”的原意并非由“老”而形容“师”。“老”在旧语义中也是一种尊称,隐喻年长且学识渊博者。“老”“师”连用最初见于《史记》,有“荀卿最为老师”之说法。慢慢“老师”之说也不再有年龄的限制,老少皆可适用。只是司马迁笔下的“老师”当然不是今日意义上的“教师”,其只是“老”和“师”的复合构词,所表达的含义多指对知识渊博者的一种尊称,虽能从其身上学以“道”,但其不一定是知识的传播者。今天看来,“教师”的必要条件不光是拥有知识,更重于传播知识。 1、 主语不能发出对应的动作(主语是没有生命的东西,一定是被动语态。主语是人,从意识上去判断该动作是不是该主语发出的)‎ ‎2、结构:be+过去分词+(by+动作执行者) ‎ ‎3、 掌握的几种形式: ‎ 一般现在时的被动语态:am/is/are/+动词的过去分词(v-ed) +(by+动作执行者) ‎ 一般过去时的被动语态: was/were+动词的过去分词(v-ed)+(by+动作执行者) ‎ 现在完成时的被动语态:have/has+动词的过去分词(v-ed)+(by+动作执行者) ‎ 一般将来时的被动语态: be going to/ will +动词的过去分词(v-ed)+(by+动作执行者) ‎ 含有情态动词的被动语态:can/could/should/must+动词的过去分词(v-ed)+(by+动作执行者) ‎ ‎3、 感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的不定式,主动语态中不带to,但变为被动语态时,须加上to ‎ Feel, hear, listen to, let, have, make, see, watch observe, notice, look at, help ‎ 例:make sb do sth = sb +be+made + to do sth ‎ ‎4、 被动语态常考的固定搭配: ‎ Be made of      Be made from  Be made in     Be used for   Be used to do ‎ 注意下列短语和动词有“被动形式”,但没有被动的意思:‎ ‎ be used to doing (习惯于做事)   Used to do sth (过去/曾经做某事)‎ Be made up of (由……成)    Be well-known for (众所周知)‎ ‎5、 无被动语态的不及物动词常考的有:happen, take place, begin, start, end, belong to, come true. ‎ ‎7、 主动表被动的动词:sell, wash, write, 和五个起来:feel, smell, look, taste, sound ‎ e.g.: The pen writes well.  He looks strong. ‎ 例题一:‎ ‎1.……George 11  that Grandma used to be a gentle lady, ……(2019年真题)‎ A. tell         B. told             C. was told         D. has told ‎2.……When it was time for the villagers____8______to market, they were greatly surprised to find that the man’s potatoes____9____perfectly into three groups.(2019年真题)‎ ‎ 9.A. are divided B. were divided C. are dividing D. Divided ‎3.…… they were greatly surprised to find that the man’s potatoes were____9____perfectly into three groups.(2019年真题)‎ ‎ 9.A. divide B divided C. are dividing D. divides 例题二:‎ 在中国人民的帮助下,肯尼亚在几个月前建成了一条新的现代化铁路。With the help of the Chinese 60.people, a new and modern railway in Kenya _____ ______ several months ago.(2019年真题)‎ was built ‎61.这项工程很快就会完成。‎ The project ________ ________ ________ soon.(2019年真题)‎ will; be; finished/completed(考查一般将来时的被动语态)‎ ‎72. 根据奶奶的建议,这汤应该煮上两个小时以上。‎ The soup_________ _________ __________ for more than two hours according to ‎ Grandma.(2019年真题)‎ should be cooked(考查情态动词的被动语态)‎ ‎74. 为了进一步美化校园,下个月会在学校种很多树。‎ Next month many trees __________ __________ __________ in our school to make it more beautiful.‎ will be planted 必考语法点之二:宾语从句 考查形式:语选、完成句子 ‎ 考察难度:考察全面,考查必须掌握引导词、时态和语序这三个要素。 ‎ 要点归纳:‎ 一、含义:用一个句子来充当另一个句子的宾语成分,把整个句子叫做宾语从句。 ‎ 二、三要素:‎ ‎1、 陈述语序 ‎ ‎2、 时态:主句为一般现在时,从句时态用相应的任何时候(根据从句句意确定)‎ ‎ 主句为一般过去时,从句用相应的任何过去时态(根据从句句意确定)‎ ‎ 从句是表示客观事实,从句一律用一般现在时 ‎3、 连接词:that, whether(……or not), if, what, who, which, whose, when, where ect. ‎ 注意:that引导宾语从句不充当任何成分,只起连接作用 ‎4、 宾语从句的简化:但主句的主语和从句的主语为同一人时, 从句可以简化为疑问词+不定式。‎ 例题一:‎ ‎…… "Now you heard 3  your mother said, George."……(207年真题)‎ ‎3. A. that         B. what                C. where            D. which ‎……she didn’t know how __31     it, she decided to have a try. She played and played, the whole day through, for months and years. The music she produced was never perfect, __32    each time it sounded a little better.(2019年真题)‎ A. played    B. to play      C. playing      D. to playing 例题二:‎ ‎62.我不明白为什么他们在这个时候踢足球。‎ I can't understand _______ _______ _______ ________ football at this moment.(2019年真题)‎ ‎【解析】why they are playing(宾语从句,陈述语序,at this moment现在进行时)‎ 我不知道他是否能准时到校。‎ I wonder ________ ________ ________ ________ to school on time.(2019年真题)‎ ‎【解析】whether/if; he; can; get (宾语从句,陈述语序,主句一般现在时)‎ 例题三:‎ ‎75. 我们计划去北京,但还没决定何时去。‎ We are planning to go to Beijing, but we haven’t decided _______ ________ ________.‎ ‎【解析】考查宾语从句简单句when to do的形式。‎ 必考语法点之三:定语从句 考查形式:语选、完型 ‎ 考察难度:主要考查引导词的选择——关系代词that, which, who以及关系副词where, when。 ‎ 要点归纳:‎ 一、含义:用一个句子来修饰另一个句子的名词或代词 ‎ 二、先行词及关系词 ‎1、 that:人或物,人+物 ‎ ‎2、 which:物 ‎ ‎3、 who:人 ‎ ‎4、 when & where:地点、时间 ‎ 记忆诀窍:从句完整则用when/where,不完整则用which、that,选项同时which & that,则一定不选which/that 注意:that引导的定语从句,在从句中充当宾语可以省略 ‎ that不引导非限制定语从句(逗号隔开的定语从句叫做非限制定语从句)‎ 例题一:‎ George's grandma was a woman 9  was always complaining about something or other.(2019年真题)‎ ‎ A. who           B. which             C. where             D. when ‎……One year, there was a young man___4_____received his share of the potatoes.…… (2019年真题)‎ 4. A. who B. which C. what D. Whose One year, there was a young man, ___received his share of the potatoes.‎ A.that B. which C. who D. Whose But humans have created things like plastic bags ___28___ can’t be broken down by nature. ‎ ‎28. A. who B. which C. how D. where ‎【解析】:定语从句之关系代词。先行词为 plastic bags 在定语从句中做主语,故选关系代词that。‎ 你在网上买的书,三天之后会送到你家。‎ You’ll receive the book which you ordered on the Internet after three days.‎ 必考语法点之四:状语从句 考查形式:语选、完形、,完成句子,重点考查条件状语从句、目的壮语从句、时间状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句,时间状语从句往往结合过去进行时考查,主长从短:I was sleeping when you came in. 主短从长:When he was watching TV, I ran in. ‎ 完形填空出现一般都是选择正确的引导词。 ‎ 考查难度:考察较多的是引导词方面的,对于时态方面的考查较少。考生复习时除了要掌握状语从句各个连词的意义,同时也需要掌握“主将从现”“主祈从现”“主情从现”的时态要求。 要点归纳 ‎ ‎1、 时间状语从句:when & while 的运用 ‎ 注:while有“然而”的意思,表转折 ‎ 2、 as soon as 一……就 3、 ‎ not……until ‎4、if&unless ‎ ‎5、so ……that ‎ ‎6、so that ‎ ‎7、because ‎ 例题一:‎ His father was a farmer, and 4  farm they lived on was miles away from anywhere, 5  there were never any children to play (2019年真题)‎ A. but           B. if                 C. or               D. so ‎1.The king took it to the palace, but __27   he played it, the harp sounded terrible.(2019年真题)‎ 27. A. A.when       B. before       C. if                  D. because ‎2.The offer was so simple __31__ Eileen thought she had heard wrong. But Patty repeated she was willing to help, and their journey to the operating table began.(2019年真题)‎ A.as B. which C. that D. until ‎3. ___30___ we continue making too much rubbish, the problem will only get worse. If nature can’t reuse the rubbish, ……‎ ‎30. A. When B. Whether C. Why D. If ‎ 例题二:‎ 昨晩我直到爸妈回家才睡觉。‎ Last night I_______ _______ to bed_________ my parents got home.‎ 答案:didn’t go until 必考语法点之五:感叹句 考查形式:语选、完成句子 ‎ 考查难度:考查较简单,基本属于送分题。考生须掌握how和what引导的感叹句的基本句型,并且熟悉一些常用形容词和副词的拼写。 要点归纳: ‎ ‎1、 what + a / an +adj. +单数名词(+ 主语+ 谓语)! ‎ ‎2、 What +adj. +复数名词(+主语+ 谓语)! ‎ ‎3、 What+adj. +不可数名词(+主语+谓语)! ‎ 常考的几个不可数名词:food,news,weather,fun,music,work,information,advice,suggestion。 注意:what引导的感叹句,主语+谓语可以省略。 ‎ ‎4、 What+ adj. +a / an + 单数名词(+主语+谓语)! ‎ ‎5、 How+adj./adv.+主语+谓语! ‎ ‎6、 How + 句子!‎ 口诀:主谓排除,形后有名用what,形后无名用how 例题一:‎ ‎59.小梅多么忙碌!她总是第一个来最后一个走。‎ ‎______ _______ Xiao Mei is! She is always the first to come and the last to leave.(2019年真题)‎ How busy ‎63.这本书真有用啊!我看了很多遍。‎ ‎________ ________ ________ book it is! I have read it many times.(2019年真题)‎ What; a; useful(考查考点:感叹句。中间不定冠词a易错填为an)‎ ‎74. 这部电影真乏味啊!我都快睡着了。‎ ‎ __________ __________ ___________ movie it was! I almost fell asleep.(2019年真题)‎ What;a; boring ‎73. 你们自己算出了这道数学题。多么聪明的孩子啊!‎ You’ve worked out the maths problem yourselves. ____ ____children you are!(2019年真题)‎ What clever 常考语法点之一:动词 考查形式:时态、情态动词、动词短语、分词做形容词、非谓语动词 考查难度“动词是词法的核心,考查范围较大,难度较大 一、时态要点归纳 考点一:主将从现(在状语从句已经提到)‎ 考点二:现在完成时4大用法:结果,延续,经历,移位 时间标志:for + 时间段、since+ 时间点/一般过去时的句子、already、yet、every、never、“How long…?”、含有“time”表示次数的句子中 要点归纳:‎ 区分: have been to + 地点 曾经去过某地 ‎ ‎ have gone to + 地点 已经到某地去了 ‎ have been in + 地点+ for + 时间段 ‎ 瞬间动词与延续性动词间的转换:‎ ‎ die – be dead buy—have borrow—keep leave/go—be away(from)‎ ‎ make friends—be friends begin/start—be on ‎ arrive/get to/reach/come—be in/be at/stay ‎ join (the Party)—be a (Party) member /be in (the Party)‎ 核心句型:(现完)+since+(一般过去式)‎ 考点三:过去进行时(在时间状语从句中考查)‎ 考点四:一般现在时(客观真理)、一般过去时(在宾语从句中考查)‎ 例题一:‎ ‎ George 13  into the kitchen and made Grandma a cup of tea with a teabag(2019年真题)‎ ‎ A. goes         B. went             C. will go          D. has gone ‎ ……Grandma 2  in the chair by the window when she opened one little eye and said,."……(2019年真题)‎ A. sleep         B. sleeps             C. is sleeping       D. was sleeping As the other villagers_____5_____, he walked around the village laughing (2019年真题)‎ ‎5. A. work B. was working C. were working D. works 本题考查过去进行时,本句话翻译为:“当其他的村民正在忙作时,...”。‎ 例题二:‎ One day, a magic man __26      the king a harp(竖琴).(2019年真题)‎ ‎26. A. offer         B. offers       C. offered      D. has offered 例题三:‎ ‎ ……“Can I give you one of mine?” __30__ the immediate reply.The offer was so simple……(2019年真题)‎ A. came B. comes C. come D. Coming 二、情态动词归纳 情态动词有:must, have to, had better, can, could, be able to, may, might, need, will, would, shall, should + 动词原形 考点一:must can 表示推测的运用 must:必须/一定 can:可能/能够/可以 考点二:mustn’t的运用,意思是“一定不能/禁止”‎ 考点三:情态动词一般疑问句的回答 Must ……? Yes, S + must. No, S +needn’t Need…….? Yes, S + may No, S + musn’t 例题一:‎ ‎"We 12  be nice to the old, George," His mother always told him.(2019年真题)‎ ‎12. A. should      B. would            C. might            D. can ‎……The rough roads we travel along can also___15____us.……(2019年真题)‎ 15. A. to help B. help C. helps D. helped 三、非谓语动词归纳:和介词一样非常灵活,在句法中,不作谓语,所有句子成分都可充当。‎ 只考查动词不定式、动名词作宾语 ‎ To + do ( 否定式———not + to + do):1.可以表示目的。2.表示将来要去执行的动作。‎ ‎1、只能接to +do的动词有:decide, agree, hope, want, ask,refuse, plan, need, wish +to do ‎2、有些动词加 to do 做宾语补足语,常见的有:‎ Ask, tell, want, teach + sb. +to do +sth.‎ ‎3、加 to + do 的重点句型有:‎ ‎(1)It takes sb. Some time/money to do sth. 做某事花费某人多少时间、金钱 ‎(2)It is + adj. + for/of sb. to do sth. 做某事怎样 ‎(3)Would you like to….?‎ ‎4、后接省略to的动词不定式的动词有 ‎ 一感(feel)二听(hear, listen to)三让(have, make, let)五看(watch, ,see, look at, notice, observe),半个帮助(help可以带to,也可以省略)改为被动语态时,to要还原 例如:This little boy is made to clean his bedroom every week.‎ ‎5、省略to的情况有 ‎(1)情态动词后(2)Why not/why don’t you(3)Would rather…than…‎ 例句:‎ ‎(一)……And don't forget 1  good care of Grandma." Then out she went.……(2019年真题)‎ ‎ A. take          B. taking            C. to take          D. takes ‎(二)……She spent all day 10  on her chair by the window.……(2019年真题)‎ A. sitting     B. sits              C. sit             D. sat ‎(三)……put her life in danger __27__ her best friend…….(2019年真题)‎ ‎ A. save B. saved C. saves D. to save ‎(四)When it was time for the villagers____8______to market, they were greatly surprised to find that (2019年真题)‎ ‎8. A. go B. going C. to go D. went ‎(五)But it takes an average of 25 years for a new tree __35__.(2019年真题)‎ A. grows B. for growing C. growing D. to grow Doing (否定式———not doing)‎ ‎1、加doing作非谓语动词常考的有:enjoy,mind,suggest,miss,admit,deny,imagine,practice+doing sth.‎ ‎2、加doing的情况有:‎ ‎(1)介词后+doing 例如:give up doing sth., be interested in doing sth.等 ‎(2)Feel lilke + doing (喜欢做某事)/prefer doing sth. to doing sth.(更喜欢…..)‎ ‎(3)To作介词时的几个常用短语:look forward to/be used to/pay attention to + doing ‎3、既可加to do 也可加doing,并意思相近的动词有:begin, start, like, love, hate ‎4、既可加to do 也可加doing,但意思不同的动词有:‎ Forget to do 忘记去做某事(事情还没有做)‎ Forget doing 忘记做过某事(事情已经做了,但是忘了)‎ Remember to do 记得去做某事(事情还没有做)‎ Remember doing 记得做过某事(事情已经做了)‎ Regret to do (对将要做的事)遗憾 Regret doing (对已经做过的事)遗憾 Stop to do 停下来去做某事(去另外一件事情)‎ Stop doing 停止做某事(停止正在做的事情)‎ 归纳记忆:stop…from + doing = prevent… from doing ‎ Try to do 尽力做某事 (区分:manage to do 设法做某事)‎ ‎ Try doing 尝试去做某事 ‎ Keep/go on to do 继续去做某事(停止原来做的事情而继续另一件事情)‎ ‎ Keep/go on doing 继续做同一件事情 ‎ Mean to do = plan to do 打算/计划去做某事 ‎ Mean doing 意味着做某事 重点区分下列搭配:‎ See / watch sb. do sth. 看到、看着某人做某事(已做了)‎ See / watch sb. doing sth. 看到、看着某人正在做某事(在做)‎ Hear / notice sb. do sth. 听到/注意到某人做某事(已做了)‎ Hear / notice sb. doing sth. 听到/注意到某人正在做某事(在做)‎ 关注:have sth. done/ get sth. done need doing / want doing 四、动词短语 近年广州中考高频动词短语归纳 动词和动词短语在广州市中考里面主要是考察词义辨析,是历年中考的必考内容。‎ ‎1.speak (语言) say (说的内容) talk(谈论)tell (告诉)‎ ‎2. bring(带来) take (带走) carry(搬/携带/抗)‎ ‎3.borrow (向……借)lend (借……给) keep (保持) return = give back(归还)‎ ‎4. look after(照顾) look at(看一看) look for(寻找) look out (小心) ‎ look up (查找字典)look down upon(瞧不起 look around (环顾四周) ‎ look forward to (doing) sth.(期盼)‎ ‎5. hear of = hear about(听说) hear from (收到……来信)‎ ‎6.put on (强调穿的动作) wear = be in(强调穿的状态) dress sb/oneself (给某人穿衣)‎ ‎7. spend:sb+~+doing sth/on sth ‎ pay :sb+~for sth ‎ cost:sth……‎ ‎ take:it ~to do ‎ ‎ collect (收集) afford (负担的起)‎ ‎8. find (强调寻找的结果) find out (查明真相) look for(强调寻找的结果)‎ ‎9. 到达:get to+地点 reach +地点 arrive at/in+地点 ‎ 注意:home、here、there后面不能加介词 ‎10. 与take有关的短语 ‎ take away (带走) take part in (参加) take care of(照顾) take place(发生)‎ ‎ take off(起飞/脱下)‎ ‎13. 与put有关的短语 ‎ put on(穿上) put off(推迟) put away(收起来) put up(张贴)‎ ‎14.与get有关的短语 ‎ get on (上车) get off (脱下) get to(到达) get on ( well) with (相处融洽)‎ ‎14.与cut相关的短语 cut down (砍到) cut off(切断)‎ ‎15:be filled with/ be full of (填满、装满、充满)‎ ‎16:in the middle of (在……中间)‎ ‎17:keep in touch with(与……保持联系)‎ ‎18:grow up(长大)‎ ‎19:throw away(扔掉)‎ ‎20:give up(2019年真题)‎ 五、分词作形容词 考查形式:完形填空 考查难度:一般,只要会判断是该考点,就能做对。‎ 要点归纳: exciting & excited interesting & interested surprising & surprised ‎ boring & bored 注意:“ing”形容物 “ed”形容人 常考语法点之二:代词 考查形式:语选,完形填空,完成句子 考察难度:偏难,熟悉常用代词有帮助。‎ ‎1、another/other/the other/others/the others another “众多中的另外一个”; the other“两个中的另外一个”。对应的搭配为“one…. another/one….the other一个…….另一个 other“其他的”,后面+名词复; ‎ the other后面 +名词 others“其他的人/事物”;=other +名词 any other+名单数 ‎2、a few / few / a little / little A few / few+ 可数名词;a little / little + 不可数名词。Few 和 little具有否定意义,表示“量少、几乎没有”;a few 和 a little具有肯定意义,表示量“虽少,一些,一点点”。‎ ‎3.反身代词的搭配 By oneself 靠某人自己 help yourself…. 请随便吃点….. lose oneself 迷路 Enjoy oneself 玩得开心 teacher oneself自学 = learn sth. by oneself 例题:‎ ‎(一)He put one spoon of sugar and 14  milk in it. (2019年真题)‎ A. many        B. any              C. few              D. some ‎(二)……and they worried that this man would never get__7__potatoes ready ……(2019年真题)‎ A. he B. him C. himself D. his ‎(三)Many __28 people tried it. ‎ ‎28. A. another B. other         C. others        D. the other 常考语法点之三:数词 考查形式:语选、单词拼写 考查难度:一般 ‎(1)常考不规则序数词:first, second, third, fourth, fifith, eighth, nith, twelfth, twentieth.(遇到整十的把y改为ie+th)‎ ‎(2)hundred,thoudand,million,billion与of连用,加s,表示概数。前面有具体数字时,不加s。‎ ‎(3)“数词+名词(+形容词)”的结构,中间的名词不加s。‎ 例如:10-minute walk=10minutes walk‘s ‎(4)分数的表达 3/5 three fifths ‎(5)年代的表达 ‎(6)“在……多少岁”的表达 at the age of +年龄 ‎(7)“a + 序数词”表示 ‎(8) a number of+名词复数+谓语动词用原形 ‎(强调单个的个体)‎ ‎(9)the number of+名词复数+谓语动词用三单 ‎(强调总体)‎ Eg:‎ ‎1.……he thanked other scientist……‎ A. hundred of B. hundres of C. hundred D.hundreds ‎2.……he thanked a other scientist……‎ A.hundred of B. hundres of C. hundred D.hundreds ‎3.1.……he thanked of other scientist……‎ B. hundred of B. hundres of C. hundred D.hundreds He was tired of staring at 6  pigs, hens, cows and sheep.(2019年真题)‎ A. hundred      B. hundreds      C. hundredth        D. hundreds of 常考语法点之四:连词 考查形式:语选、完形 考查难度:一般 要点归纳:‎ ‎(1)and、 or、 so、 but 、 however 、 while、‎ ‎(2)both…and…两者都 either ……or 要么……要么…… neither ……nor 两者都不 not only…but also…不紧……而且 not……but……不是……而是 ‎(3)so+ adj + that…. & such+a/an + adj+n+that……与many,much,few,little连用时,只能用so 注意:……however,…… ‎ ‎ ……,but……‎ 连词前后形式要一致 The teacher asked me to finish homework on time and English every morning。‎ A. recite B.recited C.recites D.reciting The teacher asked me to finish homework on time and read English every morning。‎ A.advise B.advised C.advising D.to advise 例题一:‎ ‎……they understood he was not lazy, ____11____very clever. (2019年真题)‎ A. so B. and C. or D. but 例题二:‎ The music she produced was never perfect, 32      each time it sounded a little better.(2019年真题)‎ ‎32. A. so            B. and            C. or                 D. but 常考语法点之五:形容词及副词 形容词:‎ ‎1、adj.后置 形容词在修饰someone, somebody, smoething, anyone, anybody, anything, nothing, nobody等不定代词时,要置于其后。如:something important(一些重要的事)‎ ‎2、adj作表语 ‎(1)连系动词+adj.作表语 ‎ 连系动词有:be动词;“变化”系动词:get, go, become, turn, fall; 感官动词:feel, look, smell. Taste, sound; “保持”系动词stay, keep, remain ‎(2)貌似副词的adj.——friendly(有好的);lonely(寂寞的);lovely(可爱的);likely(可能的)‎ ‎3、‎ 一、两者相等时,用原级比较:‎ ‎1、A+be(am/is/are)+as+adj./adv.原级+as+B. (A与B一样)‎ 否定式:A+be(am/is/are)+not+as(so)+adj./adv.原级+as+B.‎ ‎2、A+be+倍数词+as+adj./adv.原级+as+B. (A是B的多少倍)‎ This river is twice as long as that one.‎ ‎3、A+be+倍数词+比较级+than+B. (A比B大/高…多少倍)‎ 二、两者不相等时,用比较级 ‎1.A +be+比较级+than +B ‎2.表示两者之间的选择,可使用“Which is + 比较级,A or B?”‎ Which city is more beautiful, Guangzhou or Shenzhen?‎ ‎3.“the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越….越….”‎ ‎4.“比较级+比较级”表示“越来越….”‎ 多音节的形容词的这种结构为“more and more+形容词原级”‎ ‎5.“the+比较级+of the two”表示“两个中更….的一个”‎ ‎6.“…times+比较级+than”表示“俾…大(多)几倍”‎ ‎7.比较级+than any other+单数名词,意思是“比其他任何一个….都更…..”(这种情况其实是用比较级的形式表达最高级的意思。)‎ She is taller than any other girl in the team.‎ 可以修饰adl. 比较级的副词有:much, a little, a lot, a bit, a little bit, even, still, far等。‎ This river is once longer than that one.‎ 例题:‎ ‎(一)Looking after her all by himself was hardly 7  way to spend a Saturday morning.‎ ‎ A. exciting             B. the most exciting     C. more exciting         D. much more exciting ‎(二)In a far-away place, there was a village. The village was___1___ in potatoes than anywhere else in the country. (2019年真题)‎ 1. A. rich B. richer C. richest D. more rich 三、三者或以上比较,表示“最…”,用最高级 ‎1.A + be + the + 最高级+ in/of范围 ‎2.表示三者之间的选择,可使用“which is +比较级,A,B or C?”‎ ‎3.在“of all the+名词”中出现,表示“在所有的…..之中,最……”‎ ‎4.“one of the + 最高级+名词复数”表示“最….的…..之一”‎ ‎5.the + 序数词+最高级,表示“第几….的”‎ ‎1.“It is + adj. + to do sth.” 表示“做某事是怎样的”‎ ‎2.sb. find/think/believe+ it + adj. to do sth. 此句型中,adj.做宾补 例如:We find it important to learn English well.‎ ‎3. too…to; not ….enough to; so …… that Too+形容词/副词+ to +动词(太….而不能)= not + 形容词/副词的反义词+ enough to ‎= so + 形容词/副词+ that 否定句 例:He is too young to go to school.‎ ‎ =He is not old enough to go to school.‎ ‎ =He is so young that he can’t go to school.‎ 副词 ‎1.副词的作用——修饰动词及形容词。在语法选择、完形填空出现。只要能判断前面是动词,那么就应该用副词,叫容易选对答案。‎ ‎2.adj.变adv.的变化规则 ‎1)直接在词尾+ly careful——carefully(2)辅音字母+y结尾的,把y改i, 再加ly easy——easily 注意:Good的副词是well,当表示身体好时,well是形容词,而不用good。‎ Fast的副词还是fast,hard的副词还是hard,hardly是表示“几乎不”的意思,属于否定词,常在反义疑问句考查。‎ High的副词是high,highly是“高度地”的意思 如:speak highly of sb.‎ 区分:too many+ 可数名词复数 “太多…..”‎ ‎ Too much+不可数名词 “太多…..”‎ ‎ Much too+形容词 “太…..”‎ 例题:‎ He stirred the tea well and carried it into the living room 15  .(2019年真题)‎ A. care         B. careful          C. carefully       D. careless In each home, men and women would__3__divide the potatoes into three groups, large, medium and small.(2019年真题)‎ 3. A. busily B. busy C. more busily D. Busier 常考语法点之六:辨析词汇 一:“也”‎ ‎ also:用于肯定句中 ‎ Either:用于否定句 ‎ Too:用于肯定句句末(可以逗号隔开,也可以不隔开)‎ ‎ as well:用于肯定句句末(逗号不隔开)‎ 二:“都”‎ All:三者或以上都(表肯定)‎ Both……and ……表示两者都 三:“在……中间”‎ Between……and……表示在两者之间 Among……在三者或以上中间