高考的味道——考前必刷题之英语全国II卷1语言知识 12页

题型1 完形填空 ‎1．2019阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ In 1973，I was teaching elementary school. Each day，27 kids __41__ “The Thinking Laboratory”．That was the __42__ students voted for after deciding that “Room 104” was too __43__．‎ Freddy was an average __44__，but not an average person. He had the rare balance of fun and compassion(同情)．He would __45__ the loudest over fun and be the saddest over anyone's __46__．‎ Before the school year __47__， I gave the kids a special __48__，Tshirts with the words “Verbs Are Your __49__” on them. I had advised the kids that while verbs(动词) may seem dull，most of the __50__ things they do throughout their lives will be verbs.‎ Through the years, I'd run into former students who would provide __51__ on old classmates. I learned that Freddy did several jobs after his __52__ from high school and remained the same __53__ person I met forty years before. Once, while working overnight at a store, he let a homeless man __54__ in his truck. Another time，he __55__ a friend money to buy a house.‎ Just last year，I was __56__ a workshop when someone knocked at the classroom door. A woman __57__ the interruption and handed me an envelope. I stopped teaching and __58__ it up. Inside were the “Verbs” shirt and a __59__ from Freddy's mother. “Freddy passed away on Thanksgiving. He wanted you to have this.”‎ I told the story to the class. As sad as it was, I couldn't help smiling. Although Freddy was taken from us，we all __60__ something from Freddy.‎ ‎41. A. built B. entered C. decorated D. ran ‎42. A. name B. rule C. brand D. plan ‎43. A. small B. dark C. strange D. dull ‎44. A. scholar B. student C. citizen D. worker ‎45. A. speak B. sing C. question D. laugh ‎46. A. misfortune B. disbelief C. dishonesty D. mistake ‎47. A. changed B. approached C. returned D. ended ‎48.A.lesson B. gift C. report D. message ‎49. A.friends B.Awards C.Masters D.Tasks ‎50. A.simple B.unique C. fun D.clever ‎51. A.assessments B. comments C.instructions D.updates ‎52. A.graduation B. retirement C.separation D.resignation ‎53. A.daring B.modest C.caring D.smart ‎54. A.wait B.sleep C.study D.live ‎55. A.paid B.charged C.lent D.owed ‎56. A.observing B.preparing C. designing D.conducting ‎57. A.regretted B.avoided C.excused D.ignored ‎58. A.opened B.packed C.gave D.held ‎59. A.picture B.bill C.note D.diary ‎60. A.chose B.took C.expected D.borrowed ‎2．2019阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ ‎ Hundreds of people have formed impressions of you through that little device(装置)on your desk. And they’ve never actually 21 you. Everything they know about you 22 through this device, sometimes from hundreds of miles away. 23 they feel they can know you 24 from the sound of your voice. That’s how powerful the 25 is.‎ ‎ Powerful, yes, but not always 26 . For years I dealt with my travel agent only by phone. Rani, my faceless agent whom I’d never met 27 , got me rock-bottom prices on airfares, cars, and hotels. But her cold voice really 28 me. I sometimes wished to 29 another agent.‎ ‎ One morning, I had to 30 an immediate flight home for a family emergency. I ran into Rani’s office 31 . The woman sitting at the desk, 32 my madness, sympathetically jumped up. She gave me a 33 smile, nodded while listening patiently, and then printed out the 34 immediately. “What a wonderful lady!” I thought.‎ ‎ Rushing out 35 I called out over my shoulder, “By the way, what’s your name?” “I’m Rani,” she said. I turned around and saw a 36 woman with a big smile on her face waving to wish me a safe trip. I was 37 ! Why had I thought she was cold? Rani was, well, so 38 .‎ ‎ Sitting back in the car on the way to the airport, I figured it all out. Rani’s 39 ---her warm smile, her nods, her ‘I’m here for you’ 40 ---were all silent signals that didn’t travel through wires.‎ ‎21. A. accepted B. noticed C. heard D. met ‎22. A. came B. moved C. ran D. developed ‎23. A. Thus B. Yet C. Then D. Indeed ‎24. A. rather B. also C. just D. already ‎25. A. Telephone B. voice C. connection D. impression ‎26. A. direct B. useful C. easy D. accurate ‎27. A. in person B. by myself C. in public D. on purpose ‎28. A. annoyed B. interested C. discouraged D. confused ‎29. A. promote B. train C. find D. know ‎30. A. arrange B. postpone C. confirm D. book ‎31. A. for the first time B. at any time C. from time to time D. in good time ‎32. A. expecting B. seeing C. testing D. avoiding ‎33. A. shy B. comforting C. familiar D. forced ‎34. A. bill B. form C. ticket D. list ‎35. A. hopefully B. disappointedly C. gratefully D. regretfully ‎36. A. careful B. serious C. nervous D. pleasant[来源:Z,xx,k.Com]‎ ‎37. A. amused B. worried C. helpless D. speechless ‎38. A. calm B. nice C. proud D. clever ‎39. A. forgiveness B. eagerness C. friendliness D. skillfulness ‎40. A. explanation B. attitude C. concept D. Behavior ‎3．2019 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A, B, C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ Where do you go when you want to learn something? School? A friend? A tutor? These are all 41 places of learning. But it may well be that the learning you really want 42 somewhere else instead. I had the 43 of seeing this first hand on a 44 .‎ My daughter plays on a recreational soccer team. They did well this season and so 45 a tournament, which normally was only for more skilled club teams. This led to some 46 experiences on Saturday as they played against teams 47 trained. Through the first two games, her 48 did not get one serious shot on goal. As a parent, I 49 seeing my daughter playing her best, 50 still defeated.‎ It seemed that something clicked with the 51 between Saturday and Sunday. When they 52 for their Sunday game, they were 53 different. They had begun to integrate (融合) the kinds of play and teamwork they had 54 ‎ ‎ the day before into their 55 . They played aggressively and 56 scored a goal.‎ It 57 me that playing against the other team was a great 58 moment for all the girls on the team. I think it is a general principle. 59 is the best teacher. The lessons they learned may not be 60 what they would have gotten in school, but are certainly more personal and meaningful, because they had to work them out on their own.‎ ‎41. A. public B. traditional C. official D. special ‎42. A. passes B. works C. lies D. ends ‎43. A. dream B. idea C. habit D. chance ‎44. A. trip B. holiday C. weekend D. square ‎45. A. won B. entered C. organized D. watched ‎46. A. painful B. strange C. common D. practical ‎47. A. less B. poorly C. newly D. better ‎48. A. fans B. tutors C. class D. team ‎49. A. imagined B. hated C. avoided D. missed ‎50. A. if B. or C. but D. as ‎51. A. girls B. parents C. coaches D. viewers ‎52. A. dressed B. showed up C. made up D. planned ‎53. A. slightly B. hardly C. basically D. completely ‎54. A. seen B. known C. heard D. read ‎55. A. styles B. training C. game D. rules ‎56. A. even B. still C. seldom D. again ‎57. A. confused B. struck C. reminded D. warned ‎58. A. touching B. thinking C. encouraging D. learning ‎59. A. Experience B. Independence C. Curiosity D. Interest ‎60. A. harmful to B. mixed with C. different from D. applied to ‎1.【答案】‎ ‎41. B　学生每天进入“思考实验室”学习。build 建造；enter进入；decorate装饰；run奔跑，管理。‎ ‎42. A　从Room 104到The Thinking Laboratory只是名字(name)的改变。‎ ‎43. D　既然是投票选名，肯定是之前的名字太无趣(dull)了，而且下文信息多次重复这一因素。‎ ‎44. B　根据语境可知Freddy是一名普通的学生。‎ ‎45. D　Freddy性格开朗，遇到趣事会开怀大笑。‎ ‎46. A　从空前的提示词saddest可知Freddy对他人的不幸(misfortune)会表现得极为悲伤。‎ ‎47. D　作者在学年结束前赠予学生T恤衫，并在衣服上印了寄语。‎ ‎48. B　T恤衫是作者送给学生的礼物。‎ ‎49. A　“把动词当作朋友”，即作者希望学生们要有爱心行动，不要空谈。‎ ‎50. C　T恤衫寓意深刻。尽管“动词”本身是枯燥的，但把它们变成行动是最大的乐趣。作者告诫学生们要做行动的巨人。‎ ‎51. D　这些年来，作者偶然从以前的学生那里得知他们老同学的近况。用update表示得知的信息不断在更新。‎ ‎52. A　作者得知Freddy毕业后干了几种不同的工作。‎ ‎53. C　Freddy毕业后个性未变，仍然是一个充满爱心(caring)的人。从下文的两个具体事例可知Freddy一直对别人充满爱心。‎ ‎54. B　Freddy让无家可归者睡在自己的车上。‎ ‎55. C　Freddy借钱给朋友购房。‎ ‎56. D　conduct在此表示“指导，管理”。此处表示作者在上课。‎ ‎57. C　excuse在此用来表达打搅别人之时的歉意。一般情况下用于excuse me或者excuse oneself结构， 也可用于excuse one's leave或者excuse one's interruption等结构。‎ ‎58. A　作者打开信封。‎ ‎59. C　信封里的便条(note)告知作者Freddy离世的消息。‎ ‎60. B　Freddy被上帝带走，但我们却从Freddy的故事得到很多启发。‎ ‎2.【答案】21. D 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. A 28. A 29. C 30. D ‎ 31. A 32. B 33. B 34. C 35. C 36. D 37. D 38. B 39. C 40. B ‎3.【答案】41.B 42.C 43.D 44.C 45.B 46.A 47.D 48.D 49.B 50.C 51.A ‎ ‎52.B 53.D 54.A 55.C 56.A 57.B 58.D 59.A 60.C ‎ 题型2 语法填空 ‎1．2019阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometres and allowed people to avoid terrible 61.________ (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and 62.________ work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, 63.________ (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over 64.________ top. When all those had ‎ been done, the road surface was replaced.‎ Steam engines 65.________ (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been 66.________ (fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25，000 people were using 67.________ every day.‎ Later, engineers 68.________ (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道), which became known as the Tube. This development was only possible with the 69.________ (introduce) of electricpowered engines and lifts. The Central London Railway was one of the most 70.________ (success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had whitepainted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.‎ ‎2．2019阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎ If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (识别)those of 41 (great)and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense of 42 (achieve). Leaving the less important things until tomorrow 43 (be) often acceptable.‎ ‎ Most of us are more focused 44 our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. So, get an early start and try to be as productive 45 possible before lunch. This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished.‎ ‎ Recent 46 (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks 47 (regular). Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for 48 while, exercising, or dong something you enjoy.‎ ‎ If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you’ll be less likely 49 (bring) your work home. It could be anything-gardening, cooking, music, sports—but whatever it is, 50 (make) sure it’s a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.‎ ‎3．2019‎ The adobe dwellings(土坯房) 61.________(build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even 62.________ most modern of architects and engineers. In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their 63.________(able) to “air condition” a house without 64.________(use)electric equipment.Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat 65.________(slow) during cool nights，thus warming the house. When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough 66.________ (cool) the house during the hot day; 67.________ the same time, they warm up again for the night. This cycle 68.________ (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are ‎ thus always a timely offset(抵消) for the outside temperatures. As 69.________(nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly 70.________thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.‎ ‎1.【答案】‎ ‎63. laying　考查非谓语动词。此处用lay的动名词形式laying与前面的digging形成并列。该词填空难度较大，若考生未辨明lie—lying/lay/lain和lay—laying/laid/laid等特殊词形变化会导致错误。‎ ‎64. the　考查冠词。此处特指铁轨上方的顶部工程。‎ ‎65. were used　考查动词语态。蒸汽机(注意复数名词形式)被用来作为火车动力。‎ ‎66. fairly　考查副词。副词修饰形容词。‎ ‎67. it　考查代词。it指代伦敦地铁。‎ ‎68. managed　考查动词时态。描述地铁发展演变过程用过去时态。‎ ‎69. introduction　考查名词。该词在此作with的宾语，意思是“引入方法、手段”等。由于其后带有介词of，故只能用introduction。‎ ‎70. successful　考查形容词。形容词与定冠词连用，相当于名词，由于该词后有介词of结构，故只能用形容词。‎ ‎2.【答案】41. greater 42. achievement 43. is 44. on 45. as ‎ 46. studies 47. regularly 48. a 49. to bring 50. make ‎3.【答案】61. built  62. the  63. ability 64. using 65. slowly ‎ ‎66. to cool  67. at  68. goes  69. natural 70. how ‎ 考情分析 题型1 完形填空 ‎ 全国卷对完形填空的考查，近几年来一直以记叙文和夹叙夹议文为主，以说明文和议论文为辅，2019年全国卷Ⅰ和全国卷Ⅲ的完形填空就选用了记叙文，全国卷Ⅱ采用了夹叙夹议文。从选材到试题的设置都呈现出“稳中有变”的特点：‎ ‎1. 题材相对稳定：文章的选材都是中学生熟悉的话题，能够传递正能量，弘扬社会主义核心价值观，读后 ‎ 能给考生带来心灵的启迪。且文章大多原汁原味，语言地道，注重思想性和教育性，具有积极的教育意 ‎ 义，体现出了课程标准中对培养学生的情感、态度和价值观的要求。‎ ‎2. 文章短小精悍：完形填空的文章长度一般为250词左右，结构完整，脉络清晰，难度适中，全文设置20‎ ‎ 个空格，要求考生根据文章的整体内容，从层次结构和上下文的逻辑关系方面选择符合文章情节的选项，‎ ‎ 很少涉及纯语法知识试题。‎ ‎3. 稳定中有变化：近几年高考完形填空在选项的设置上，打破了传统的四个选项类别一致的命题规律。如 ‎ 2019年全国卷Ⅰ的第44题的四个选项中，有两个以-ly结尾的副词，另外两个副词为outside和by；2019‎ ‎ 年全国卷Ⅰ的第52题的四个选项中设置了三个形容词和一个副词，第47题和第54题的四个选项均由两[来源:1]‎ ‎ 个动词及两个动词词组构成，第59题把两个动词及两个介词短语设置为一组选项。此外，2019年增加了 ‎ 对代词的考查，考生备考时需要注意。‎ ‎ 预计2019年高考完形填空选项的设置仍然会保持这一命题特征，考生在做题时要灵活变通。总之，备考时考生应把握考查方向，加强语篇意识，从宏观和微观两个层面解读文本，理清文章脉络。平时考生还应注重对常考体裁、题材的训练。‎ 题型2 语法填空 ‎2019—2019年高考新课标全国卷语法填空考点统计 ‎2019—2019年高考新课标全国卷语法填空考点统计 年份 有提示词类试题 无提示词类试题 特殊句式及固定搭配 谓语 动词 非谓语动词 派生词 比较等级 其他 冠词 名词 介词 代词 情态动词 形容副词 并列连词 状语从句 名词从句 定语从句 特殊句式 固定 搭配 ‎2019年全国卷I ‎2‎ ‎2‎ ‎1‎ ‎1‎ ‎1‎ ‎1‎ ‎1‎ ‎1‎ ‎[‎ ‎2019全国卷II ‎1‎ ‎2‎ ‎2‎ ‎1‎ ‎1‎ ‎1‎ ‎1‎ ‎2019年全国卷I ‎1‎ ‎2‎ ‎0‎ ‎0‎ ‎0‎ ‎1‎ ‎2‎ ‎1‎ ‎1‎ ‎0‎ ‎1‎ ‎0‎ ‎0‎ ‎0‎ ‎1‎ ‎0‎ ‎0‎ ‎2019年全国卷II ‎2‎ ‎1‎ ‎2‎ ‎1‎ ‎1‎ ‎3‎ ‎2‎ ‎2‎ ‎1‎ ‎0‎ ‎2‎ ‎0‎ ‎0‎ ‎1‎ ‎0‎ ‎0‎ ‎1‎ ‎0‎ ‎0‎ ‎0‎ ‎1‎ ‎0‎ ‎0‎ ‎2019年全国卷I ‎2019年全国卷II ‎1‎ ‎3‎ ‎3‎ ‎0‎ ‎2‎ ‎1‎ ‎0‎ ‎1‎ ‎0‎ ‎0‎ ‎0‎ ‎0‎ ‎0‎ ‎1‎ ‎0‎ ‎1‎ ‎1‎ ‎【考情分析】‎ 从统计表可以看出，语法填空题主要考查考生对语法、词汇和语用知识的掌握情况。根据具体语境，借助词法、句法、特殊句式以及固定搭配进行考査，体现了＂考查实词为主，考查虚词为辅＂的命题原则。‎ ‎1.有提示词类试题比重大。表中统计表明，高考试题中语法填空题有提示词类试题均占考查总量的70%。‎ ‎2.动词为重中之重。谓语动词和非谓语动词用法为必考点。‎ ‎3.派生词用法为必考点。以上四套试题中语法填空题均考查了派生词的用法。‎ ‎4.考查特殊句式及固定搭配的用法。‎ ‎【高考预测】‎ 纵观近几年全国高考试题，预测2019年全国高考试题还会：‎ ‎1. 文体以记叙文、说明文为主；‎ ‎2. 上下文语境提示3—4个，单词基本形式提示6—7个；‎ ‎3. 侧重对词汇变形的考查。‎