2011年英语高考专题复习 改错 讲义 7页

英语高考专题复习 短文改错 短文改错的解题思路 ‎1. 读通全文，掌握大意 2.整句理解，逐句找错 ‎3. 由易到难，各个击破 4. 检查核对；规范改正 常出现的错误类型：‎ ‎1、动词时态、语态 ‎ 2、名词 ‎ 3、形容词、副词 ‎ 4、代词 ‎ 5、介词 ‎ 6、冠词 ‎ 7、连词 ‎ 8、介词 ‎ 9. 主谓一致 ‎ 10. 关系代词与关系副词（从句）‎ ‎ 11. 固定搭配 一动词形 主要包括三类错误：动词的时态和语态错误，以及主、谓不一致的错误和情态动词。‎ ‎1；2007四川卷：‎ ‎ When he gets home, he saw the animal waiting at the door, still wearing his jacket with the wallet in the pocket. ‎ ‎2、2007天津卷： In Grade Eight I took physics. In one test I get only 36 percent of the answers correct.‎ ‎3. I’m sorry that I wasn’t able to return your bike on time yesterday. I mean to give it back to you before four in the afternoon, but was hold up on my way back. (全国卷2)‎ ‎4. I’m glad to know that you had an interest in Chinese food. (重庆卷)‎ ‎5.After they had chose the books they wished to read, the instructor told them the principal points he wanted them to note.‎ ‎6. Not only the students but also the teacher like the film. ‎ ‎7.I will like to know where you were born.‎ ‎8.When our six children were young ,suppertime is always being interrupted .‎ ‎9.Growing up is not easy. Sometimes all that is need is someone to rely on .‎ ‎ ‎ ‎[ 考点剖析 ] ‎ 此类题的错误设置一般包括以下几个方面：‎ ‎(1)  短文中时态的使用前后不一致。‎ ‎(2)  在特定语境条件下时态的误用(如含有状语从句的复合句中，主句用将来时态，而从句中则用一般现在时态)。‎ ‎(3)  主动语态和被动语态的混用。‎ 二、名词数 指名词单、复数形式的用法错误。‎ ‎1. 2007陕西卷：Personally, I found most lesson rather uninteresting. ‎ ‎2．2006福建卷：。 If you have interests in it, reply to me soon. ‎ ‎3. I stayed here for one and a half hour. (全国卷2)‎ ‎4.One rainy day while I was walking home with one of my friend, a trunk came to stop beside us. (2009浙江卷)‎ ‎ ‎ ‎1.The book will give you all the informations you need. ‎ ‎2. He is on good term with me.‎ ‎3. He is a generous fellow, and will soon make friend with you again.‎ ‎4.They did not want me to do any work at family ‎ ‎5. Aunt Mary returned home after ten year’s absence.‎ ‎6.He had no ideas that the kitchen was not for guests .‎ ‎[ 考点剖析] ‎ 此类题的错误设置一般包括以下几个方面：‎ ‎(1)  可名词与不可数名词的混用。‎ ‎(2)  用于固定词组中的一些名词的 用法 。‎ ‎(3)  同义词或反义词的混用。‎ 三、 还要注意形和副 ‎１修饰名词、be动词、系动词要用形容词；‎ ‎２修饰动词、形容词、整个句子用副词；‎ ‎３比较级和最高级的使用。‎ ‎1.2007浙江卷：I got to the finishing line first. I won the race. I felt very proudly of myself. ‎ ‎2.2006福建卷：We can hear birds singing happy all around. ‎ ‎3.2008全国卷Ⅱ：I will learn more about the history of the Olympics as good as the 2008 Olympic games.‎ ‎4.2006辽宁卷：She was usual patient with her students and never made them disappointed. ‎ ‎5.He has a comfortable room, patiently nurses, and a great deal of time to read. (陕西卷)‎ ‎6. so I grateful accepted the offer. (浙江卷)‎ Drill: ‎ ‎1.They came back lately and had some tea .‎ ‎2.The two men threw all their equipment into the water to make the balloon light.‎ ‎3.The new person on the job feels more better after he or she has played tennis with other people in the office.‎ 考点剖析 :‎ ‎(1)  形容词和副词的混用，是短文改错中常见的考点之一 .‎ ‎(2)比较级和最高级的混用或误用.‎ ‎(3)比较级和最高级修饰语的误用以及近义词的误用 .‎ 四、四、非谓语，细辨别 主要有现在分词、过去分词，动名词和不定式错误。‎ ‎1.2007浙江卷： I could not to run very fast and fell behind.‎ ‎2.2007宁夏卷：Li Meng came see me every day. ‎ ‎3.So I helped them going to the nearest hospital.（全国卷2)‎ ‎4. My classmate, Joseph, is at present in hospital with a breaking leg. (陕西卷)‎ Drill:‎ ‎1.He has never been heard speak ill of others.‎ ‎2. I just want to thank you for helping me becoming a different person .‎ ‎3.It is difficult to make yourself understand in English. ‎ ‎4.On his way home, he suddenly heard his name calling.‎ ‎5. But then there are always more mysteries look into.‎ ‎6. After learn the basics of the subject, nothing else seemed very practical to me .‎ 考点剖析 此类题的错误设置一般包括以下几个方面：‎ ‎(1)  谓语动词与非谓语动词的混用.‎ ‎(2)  非谓语动词之间的混用.‎ ‎(3)   在并列结构中非谓语动词的误用.‎ 五、代词格，细领悟 1. 人称代词主格和宾格，物主代词的使用．‎ 2. 反身代词oneself 的使用．‎ ‎3．不定代词的使用．‎ ‎4．Both,all,either,neither,none的使用.‎ ‎5. Whose 和who’s，its和 it’s的区别．‎ ‎1.高考链接6：I heard that Mr. Wang would teach our English this term.‎ ‎2.2008全国 II ： I should be able to tell visitors about our history and culture ‎ ‎ and show them their great achievement.‎ ‎3. 2007陕西： Just at that time I woke up and found me still in bed!‎ ‎4. This man might need the umbrella himself, but he preferred to give it to everyone else. (。浙江卷)‎ ‎5.I’m glad to know that you have an interest in Chinese Food. Here I’d like to tell you something about them. (重庆卷)‎ Drill: ‎ ‎1.Knowledge is there for whomever will seek it.‎ ‎2.Whom do you think is the writer of this book?‎ ‎3.His brother’s case is quite different from me.‎ ‎4.People find increasingly difficult to make their living. 5. Those fresh men finally learned to solve the problems by them. ‎ ‎ 6.I read your e-mail to my parents and showed them the photo you sent it to me .‎ ‎[考点剖析] ‎ 此类题的错误设置一般包括以下几个方面：‎ ‎1)  代词指代的人或事物前后不一致的错误.‎ ‎2)  “it” 一词的不当使用(包括用于从句中或作形式主语或宾语).‎ ‎3)  不定代词或反身代词的误用.‎ 六、习惯用法要记住: 主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础知识，其错误表现形式主要有三种：多词、少词和搭配错误。‎ catch a sight of lose my heart ‎ in hurry ‎ in Sunday afternoon such many people in a short Drill: ‎ ‎1. I’m sure they will laugh to me and see me as a fool. (NMET2004)‎ ‎2. After five years away in my hometown, I find that the neighborhood which I used to live in has changed a lot. (2009全国卷1)‎ ‎1.Don’t approach to a work of art in such a spirit.‎ ‎2. The boy was absorbed building a dam in the brook.‎ ‎3. The gentleman insisted at my receiving the money.‎ ‎4. At last we reached to the village at the foot of the hill ‎ ‎6.Because the help you gave me that summer ,my life changed.‎ ‎7. When a young man starts to earn his own living ,he can no longer expect others to pay his food .‎ ‎8.I imagine you’ll be at vacation yourself by that  time.      ‎ 考点剖析 :‎ ‎(1)    在一些固定短语中，介词的误用 是很常见的题型 .‎ ‎(2)    介词与连词或副词的混用.‎ ‎(3)   及物动词之后介词的多用或不及物动词之后介词的漏用.‎ 七、句子成分多分析 不同的句子成分要用不同的词类；不同的语境要选择不同的词语。只有对句子结构和成分作细致的分析，才能找出用词不当的错误。‎ ‎1.2008年安徽卷 : She looked at me and started to laugh. “How are you laughing?”I asked.‎ ‎2. 2007天津卷：I was lucky enough to have a teacher which didn’t take my bad grades as a judgement of my abilities, but …‎ ‎1. The United States is composed of fifty states, two of those are separated from the others by land or water. 2. These photos will show you how our village looks like .‎ ‎3.I cannot make sense of that he said at the meeting.‎ 八、逻辑错误须关注: 与句子的上、下文不一致，甚至相矛盾，属于逻辑性错误 ‎1.2009辽宁卷：But he said he could only give me half of the money. He should find the other half myself.‎ ‎2.NMET 2005: Some students may also save up for our college or future use. ‎ ‎1.I came into the living room and saw one of them just go through the kitchen door but turn on the light.‎ ‎2.He will stay there one and two days.‎ ‎3. There may not be much choice between this one or that.‎ 考点剖析:‎ ‎(1)  并列连but ,and ,or, so 等词的混用，常常出现在改错题中。‎ ‎(2)  并列连词和从属连词的混用。‎ ‎(3)  平行结构方面的错误。‎ 九、冠词、连词常光顾: ‎ 常考的错误形式有：连词but， and， or和so的用法错误，以及冠词的用法错误等。‎ ‎1.2007全国II：I meant to write long letter and tell you all the things I’m doing at the school…‎ ‎2.2007四川卷：An Australian farmer found the kangaroo caught in the fence around his farm. ‎ ‎3.Some friends of his go to see him every day, they take him Lost of good books and fresh fruit. (2009陕西卷)‎ ‎4.I meant to give it back to you before four in the afternoon, and I was hold up on my way back. (全国卷2)‎ ‎5.Every kind of the Chinese food is worth trying. (2009重庆卷)‎ ‎6. The driver put the window down and offered us a umbrella. (2009浙江卷)‎ 7. ‎2007浙江卷：Today I was having a PE lesson while I fell down and hurt my foot.‎ ‎8.2006辽宁卷：She always made sure that our homework was finished on time, but she marked strictly on our actual performance.‎ ‎9.2007四川卷： He thought the poor animal was injured, but the kind farmer took off his jacket and put on the animal. ‎ 冗词的多用 ‎1.Last summer ,I went to Beijing, my first time trip to the city. ‎ ‎2.Two years later, he returned back home.‎ ‎3. It is about 200 miles far away from London.‎ ‎4)Many students feel it that a popular teacher must be kind and easy-going.‎ 短片练习：1‎ At Christmas Eve, Jim went with his father to choose a Christmas tree. They choose a big ‎ one. It was almost as taller as the room! They put them in the corner of the sitting room. ‎ Kate was covered it with a lot of Christmas light. The sitting room looked really beautifully ‎ at the moment. There was a fire burn in the fire place, and the Christmas tree lights were ‎ shinning brightly. Jim or his parents singing and dancing happily.‎ 短片练习2： ‎ Dear Alice,‎ I have just got some good news to tell to you.   I win a national prize for painting last week.          ‎ My father was so pleasing that he suggested  I go to England for a holiday. I’d like to staying  ‎ there for half a month, visiting place of interest or practicing my English as well. We’ve been         ‎ writing to each for nearly a year now. I have often dreamed of talk face to face with you.               ‎ I imagine you’ll be at vacation yourself by that time. Perhaps we could go out  do some           ‎ sightseeing together.                            ‎ Best wishes！‎ ‎                                ‎ ‎  Lily