决胜高考20136年高考英语 母题精解精析专题09 非谓语动词 44页

‎【备战2013】6年高考英语 母题精解精析专题 ‎【2012高考试题】‎ ‎【2012江西卷】33．Having finished her project, she was invited by the school to the new students.‎ ‎ A．speaking B．having spoken C．to speak D．to have spoken ‎【2012江西卷】35．John has really got the job because he showed me the official letter him it.‎ ‎ A．offered B．offering C．to offer D．to be offered ‎ 【2012湖南卷】31. The lecture, ____ at 7:00 pm last night, was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes. ‎ ‎ A. starting B. being started C. to start D. to be started ‎【答案】A ‎【考点定位】本题考查非谓语动词的用法。‎ ‎【解析】根据last night可知start已经发生，故排除C、D（不定式常表将来），B（being done）一般表进行，也排除。非谓语动词的主动语态和被动语态 现在分词作定语 ‎ ‎【2012湖南】23. Time, ____ correctly, is money in the bank. ‎ ‎ A. to use B. used C. using D. use ‎【2012湖南】21. We've had a good start, but next, more work needs ____ to achieve the final success. ‎ ‎ A. being done B. do C. to be done D. to do ‎【2012重庆卷】31. Before you quit your job, ______how your family would feel about your decision.‎ A. consider B. considering C. to consider D. considered ‎【答案】A ‎【考点定位】祈使句用法 ‎【解析】结合选项来分析句子结构，逗号前为时间状语从句，后面实际上是一个祈使句。由此可知，A选项符合题意。因此，正确答案为A选项。‎ ‎【2012重庆卷】28. We’re having a meeting in half an hour. The decision ______ at the meeting will in the future of our company.‎ A. to be made B. being made C. made D. having been made ‎【2012重庆卷】23.______to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film.‎ ‎ A. Having been asked B. To ask C. Having asked D. To be asked ‎【2012辽宁卷】29. This machine is very easy . Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes. ‎ ‎ A. operating B. to be operating C. operated D. to operate ‎【2012辽宁卷】25. The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog them. ‎ ‎ A. to follow B. following C. followed D. follows ‎【2012四川卷】6. Tom took a taxi to the airport, only _____ his plane high up in ‎ the sky.‎ A. finding B. to find C. being found D. to have found ‎【2012四川卷】8. I looked up and noticed a snake ______ its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.‎ A. to wind B. wind C. winding D. wound ‎【2012四川卷】12. Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car ____.‎ A. washed B. wash C. washing D. to wash ‎【2012四川卷】16. I make $‎2,000 a week, 60 surely won’t make ______ difference to me.‎ A. that a big B. a that big C. big a that D. that big a ‎ ‎【2012陕西卷】15.________ in a long queue, we waited for the store to open to buy ‎ a New iPad .‎ ‎ A. Standing B. To stand C. Stood D. Stand ‎【答案】A ‎ ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。‎ ‎【解析】非谓语动词短语后有逗号，说明非谓语动词做题干的状语，逻辑主语是句子的主语we，非谓语动词与逻辑主语是主动关系，且其动作与谓语动词wait的动作同时进行，用动词v-ing的一般式，选A。‎ ‎【2012陕西卷】22.If he takes on this work, he will have no choice but ______ an even greater challenge.‎ A. meets B. meeting C. meet D. to meet ‎【2012全国II】15. The old man sat in front of the television every evening, happy _____ anything that happened to be on.‎ A. to watch B. watching C. watched D. to have watched ‎【2012全国II】10. Tony lent me the money, ______that I’d do as much for him.‎ A. hoping B. to hope C. hoped D. having hoped ‎【2012北京卷】32. Birds’ singing is sometimes a warning to other birds ________ away.‎ A. to stay B. staying C. stayed D. stay ‎【答案】A ‎【考点定位】非谓语考点，目的状语用不定式。‎ ‎11. 【2012天津卷】He got up late and hurried to his office, _________the breakfast untouched.【C】‎ ‎ A. left B. to leave ‎ C. leaving D. having left ‎【2012全国新课程】32. Film has a much shorter history, especially when_ such art forms as music and painting.‎ A. having compared to B. comparing to C. compare to D. compared to ‎【2012全国新课程】28. The party will be held in the garden, weather .‎ A. permitting B. to permit ‎ C. permitted D. permit ‎【2012山东卷】35. After completing and signing it, please return the form to us ‎ in the envelope ________. A. providing B. provided ‎ C. having provided D. provide ‎35.【答案】B ‎【解析】此处动词provide与其逻辑主语envelope之间是被动关系，在句中作定语，相当于which is provided。句意为：完成并签名后，请把表格放入我们提供的信封内送回。‎ ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词的用法。‎ ‎【2012山东卷】26. George returned after the war, only _______ that his wife had left him. A. to be told B. telling ‎ C. being told D. told ‎ ‎【2012福建卷】22. 一 Have you figured out how much the trip will cost?‎ ‎—$4,000, or like that.‎ A. anything B. everything C. something D. nothing ‎【2012福建卷】28. China recently tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats from in the South China Sea.‎ A. attacking B. having attacked C. being attacked D. having been attacked ‎【2012福建卷】34. Pressed from his parents, and ______that he has wasted too much ‎ time , the boy is determined to stop playing video games.‎ A. realizing B. realized C. to realize D. being realized ‎【2012浙江卷】11. "It's a such nice place," Mother said as she sat at the table________ for customs.‎ A. to be reserved B. Living reserved C. reserving D. reserved ‎【考点定位】非谓语—过去分词 ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】reserve和谓语动词sat之间没有连词，故用非谓语，且和其逻辑主语the table逻辑上构成被动关系，故用过去分词表示被动、完成的概念，在句子中做后置定语。‎ ‎【2012浙江卷】8. I think Tom, as the head of a big department, should cither study regularly or______ his job.‎ A. quits B. to quit C. quitting D. quit ‎【2012浙江卷】3. No matter how bright a talker you are, there are times when it's better silent.‎ A. remain B. be remaining C. having remained D. to remain ‎【2012江苏卷】31. an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later.‎ A. Based B. Basing C. Base D. To base ‎【考点定位】非谓语动词—动词现在分词做状语 ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】动词base与逻辑主语you之间构成主谓关系，所以用现在分词作状语，故选B项。‎ ‎【2012安徽卷】30. When for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding. ‎ A. asking B. asked C. having asked D. to be asked ‎【答案】B ‎【考点定位】本题考查非谓语动词，‎ ‎【解析】此处逻辑主语是Philip, 还原句子 When Philip was asked for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding. ‎ ‎【2012安徽卷】24. I remembered the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights. ‎ ‎ A. locking B. to lock C. having locked D. to have locked ‎ ‎【答案】D ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。‎ ‎【解析】此处Remember后面既可以接不定式，也可以接动名词，如果选择A，这与后面的before I left the office是相矛盾的，只能选择答案A. C 和D 都是完成时，他们表示比主句动词发生的时间更早，没有必要。‎ ‎【2011高考试题】‎ ‎（2011山东卷,27﹚Look over there—there’s a very long, winding path up to the house.‎ A. leading B. leads C. led D. to lead ‎【答案】A ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。‎ ‎【解析】句意为“看那儿，有一条长长的蜿蜒小路向上延伸到那座房子。”leading作为path的后置定语，相当于which leads。选A。‎ ‎（2011江苏卷,31﹚Recently a survey prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens.‎ A．compared B．comparing C．compares D．being compared ‎（2011福建卷,23﹚Tsinghua University, in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures.‎ A. found B. founding C. founded D. to be founded ‎（2011福建卷,27﹚The difference in thickness and weight from the earlier version makes the iPad 2 more comfortable .‎ A. held B. holding C. be held D. to hold ‎（2011全国卷,27﹚The next thing he saw was smoke from behind the house.‎ A.rose B.rising C. to rise D.risen ‎（2011天津卷,7﹚Passeagers are permitted only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.‎ A.to carry B. carrying C. to be carried D. being carried ‎（2011天津卷,12﹚ into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.‎ A. Translating B. Translated C. To translate D. Having translated ‎【答案】B ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。‎ ‎【解析】句意为“翻译成英语后，发现这个句子的词序全变了。”the sentence与translate之间存在着被动关系，故用过去分词，答案B。‎ ‎（2011上海春招,34﹚Mike found his missing car in the street outside his house, newly cleaned and polished.‎ ‎ A. looked B. to look C. looking D. to be looking ‎（2011上海春招,36﹚ in 1955, Disneyland in California is regarded by many as the riginal fun park. ‎ A. Opened B. Having opened C. Opening D. Being opened ‎（2011上海春招,40﹚Harrison Ford is thought to be one of the few movie stars as a carpenter before. ‎ A. to work B. to be working ‎ C. to have worked D. to have been working ‎（2011安徽卷, 30﹚Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier ‎ into small pieces.‎ A. break B. breaking C. broken D. to break ‎（2011浙江卷,3﹚Bats are surprsingly long-lived creatures, some a life span of around 20 years.‎ A.having B had C. have D. to have ‎（2011浙江卷,14﹚Even the best writers sometimes find themselves for words.‎ A. lose B. lost C. to lose D. having lost ‎（2011浙江卷,19﹚If they win the final tonight, the team are going to tour around the city ‎ by their enthusiastic supporters.‎ A. being cheered B. be cheeresd C. to be cheered D. were cheered ‎（2011四川卷,2﹚Ladex does’t feel like abroad. Her parents are old.‎ A. study B. studying C. studied D.to study ‎【答案】B ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。‎ ‎【解析】句意为“Ladex不愿意去国外留学，因为她的父母年纪大了。”feel like doing sth.想要做某事，习惯表达法。因此选B。‎ ‎（2011四川卷,11﹚Simon made a big bamboo box the little sick bird till it could fly.‎ A.keep B.kept C.keeping D.to keep ‎【答案】D ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。‎ ‎【解析】句意为“Simon制作了一个大竹盒来养这只生病的小鸟，直到它能飞起来。”make a big bamboo box的目的是为了keep the little sick bird，因此选D表示目的状语。A项构成使役用法，大竹盒无生命力，不能执行这个动作；B项是谓语词，与句中made冲突；C项是伴随状语，表示made与keep同时进行。根据句意选D。‎ ‎（2011四川卷,16﹚ an important role in a new movie, Andy has a chance to become famous.‎ A.Offer B.Offering C.Offered D.To offer ‎（2011重庆卷,29﹚More TV programs, according to government officials, will be produced ‎ people’s concern over food safety.‎ A.to raise B.raising C.to have raised D. having raised ‎（2011重庆卷,33﹚Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself ‎ of his own dreams.‎ A. reminding B. to remind C. reminded D. remind ‎【答案】C ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。‎ ‎【解析】句意为“Michael在他的床头贴了姚明的照片提醒自己不要忘了自己的梦想。”空格前的himself与动词remind之间存在着被动关系。故选C。‎ ‎（2011陕西卷,14﹚Claire had her luggage an hour before her plane left. ‎ A.check B.checking C.to check D.checked ‎（2011陕西卷,20﹚More highways have been built in China,_ it much easier for people to travel form one place to another. ‎ A. making B. made C. to make D. having made ‎（2011湖南卷,21﹚The ability an idea is as important as the idea itself ‎ A expressing B expressed C to express D to be expressed ‎【答案】C ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词作定语的用法。‎ ‎【解析】句意为“想法重要，提出想法的能力也同样重要。”express 修饰的是ability, 为主动关系，排除B和D表示被动的选项；ability作为一个抽象名词，通常使用动词不定式做定语，联系到短语be able to do sth，不难推断正确选项为C。‎ ‎（2011湖南卷,23﹚The players from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game .‎ A selecting B to selece C selected D having selected ‎（2011湖南卷,29﹚Do you wake up every morning energetic and ready to start a new day?‎ A. feel B. to feel C. feeling D. felt ‎（2011辽宁卷,30﹚ around the fire, the tourists danced with the local people.‎ A. Gather B. To gather C. Gathering D. To be gathering ‎【答案】C ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。‎ ‎【解析】句意为“游客们围绕在火堆旁边，与当地人一起跳舞。”gather的动作由the tourists执行,用主动形式,并与dance同时进行,故选C，表示伴随情况。‎ ‎（2011江西卷32﹚On receiving a phone call from his wife she had a fall, Mr. Gorden immediately rushed home from his office. ‎ A. says B.said C.saying D.to say ‎（2011辽宁卷,23﹚Twenty students want to attend the class that aims to teach to read fast.‎ A. what B. who C. how D. why ‎【答案】C ‎【考点定位】考查疑问副词 + to do的用法。‎ ‎【解析】句意为“有二十名学生想听旨在提高阅读速度的课程。”fast提示了方式，how + to read fast等同于名词，作teach的宾语。故选C。‎ ‎（2010福建﹚Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock, supplies to Yushu, Qinghai Province after the earthquake.‎ 高考资源网 A. sending B. to send C. having sent D. to have sent ‎【答案】A ‎【考点定位】非谓语动词 ‎【解析】表示伴随。从“were working” 可以判断是进行时态, 排除C。‎ ‎（2010福建﹚In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.‎ A. sticking B. stuck C. to be stuck D. to have stuck ‎（2010上海﹚ the city center, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.‎ A. Approaching B. Approached C. To approach D. To be approached ‎【答案】A ‎【考点定位】本题考查非谓语动词。‎ ‎【解析】考察现在分词作状语, 表示正在进行或主动的动作。此时分词的逻辑主语就是主句的主语, 因此要注意人称、时态和语态的一致性。‎ ‎（2010上海﹚Thai is the only way we can imagine the overuse of water in ‎ students’ bathrooms. ‎ A. reducing B. to reduce C. reduced D. reduce ‎（2010湖南﹚Listen! Do you hear someone for help?‎ A. calling B. call C. to call D. called ‎ ‎（2010湖南﹚Dina, for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency.‎ A. struggling B. struggled C. having struggled D. to struggle ‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。‎ ‎【解析】该空, 分词短语作时间状语, 其逻辑主语Dina与struggle为主动关系, 故排除B项。由剧中的finally可知非谓语动词表示的动作发生在句中谓语took a position之前, 故用现在分词的完成主动式。‎ ‎（2010湖南﹚So far nobody has claimed the money in the library.‎ ‎ A. discovered B. to be discovered ‎ C. discovering D. having discovered ‎ ‎（2010江西﹚The lady walked around the shops, _______ an eye out for bargains.‎ A keep B kept C keeping D to keep ‎【答案】C ‎【考点定位】考察非谓语。‎ ‎【解析】句子主语lady和keep 之间是主动关系, 而且walk和keep 同时发生。‎ ‎（2010江西﹚There were many talented actors out there just waiting ______.‎ A to discover B to be discovered C discovered D being discovered ‎（2010天津﹚It rained heavily in the south, serious flooding in several provinces.‎ A. caused B. having caused C. causing D. to cause ‎（2010四川﹚A great number of students said they were forced to practise the piano. ‎ A. to question B. to be questioned C. questioned D. questioning ‎【答案】C ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词作定语。‎ ‎【解析】question与students 存在被动关系, question表示的动作也已完成, 故用过去分词。‎ ‎（2010四川﹚The lawyer listened with full attention, to miss any point. ‎ A. not trying B. trying not C. to try not D. not to try ‎【答案】B ‎【考点定位】考查现在分词短语做伴随状语及动词不定式的否定式。‎ ‎【解析】句中listen和try not to miss为同时进行的动作, 故用现在分词的一般式做伴随状语。又动词不定式的否定式要在其前加not.故选B。‎ ‎（2010全国Ⅰ﹚Mrs.White showed her students some old maps ______ from the library.‎ A. to borrow B. to be borrowed C. borrowed D. borrowing ‎（2010全国Ⅰ﹚With Father’s Day around the corner ,I have taken some money out of the bank ______ presents for my dad.‎ A. buy B. to buy C. buying D. to have bought ‎（2010江苏﹚The retired man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake in Yushu ,________the students to return to their classrooms. ‎ A. enabling B. having enabled C. to enable D. to have enabled ‎【答案】A.‎ ‎【考点定位】此题考察非谓语动词 ‎【解析】enabling 表示他在捐献后的结果 ‎（201010陕西﹚_____ from the top of the tower, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees . ‎ ‎ A. Seen B. Seeing C. Having seen D. To see ‎（201010陕西﹚His first book next month is based on a true story. ‎ ‎ A. published B. to be published C. to publish D. being published ‎（2010全国Ⅱ﹚Though_________to see us, the professor gave us a warm welcome.‎ A. urprising B. as surprised C. urprised D being surprised ‎【答案】C ‎【考点定位】省略结构和非谓语动词考查。‎ ‎【解析】补完整为：Though he was surprised, 主语一致, 省略主语和系动词。‎ ‎（2010湖北﹚________（油漆成）red, the building stands out among the rest and looks very attractive. (paint)‎ ‎（2010辽宁﹚We were astonished _______ the temple still in its original condition.‎ A. finding B. to find C. find D. to be found ‎【答案】B ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。‎ ‎【解析】句意：我们吃惊地发现那座庙仍然还是原来的状况。be astonished 后应该跟动词不定式做状语。‎ ‎（2010辽宁﹚Alexander tried to get his work _______in the medical circles.‎ A. to recognize B. recognizing C. recognize D. recognized ‎（2010北京﹚I’m calling to enquire about the position in yesterday’s China Daily.‎ A. advertised B. to be advertised C. advertising D. having advertised ‎（2010重庆﹚Many buildings in the city need repairing, but the one ______first is the library.‎ A. repaired B. being repaired C. repairing D. to be repaired ‎（2010浙江﹚The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat. ‎ A. being weighed B. to weigh C. weighed D. weighing ‎（2009全国1﹚Now that we’ve discussed our problem, are people happy with the decisions ______? A. taking    B. take    C. taken   D. to take （2009辽宁﹚______, you need to give all you have and try your best. A  Being a winner  B To be a winner  C Be a winner   D Having been a winner 【答案】B ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。‎ ‎【解析】为了成为一名赢家, 你需要全力付出并且尽你所能。用不定式表目的。‎ ‎（2009安徽﹚The play next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture. ‎ A. produced B. being produced C. to be produced D. having been produced ‎（2009北京﹚All of them try to use the power of the workstation information in a more effective way. ‎ A. presenting B. presented C. being presented D. to present ‎ ‎【答案】D ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。‎ ‎【解析】他们都想争取用工作站的能量以一种更有效的方式来展示信息。用不定式表示目的。【答案】D。‎ ‎（2009北京﹚ twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog. ‎ A. Being bitten B. Bitten C. Having bitten D. To be bitten ‎ ‎（2009福建﹚In April, 2009, President Hu inspected the warships in Qingdao, the 60th anniversary of the founding of the PLA Navy. ‎ A. marking B. marked C. having marked D. being marked ‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。‎ ‎【解析】非谓语动词做状语, 其后有宾语, 故与逻辑主语是主动关系, 且表示的动作与谓语动词的动作同时进行, 用现在分词, 选A。‎ ‎（2009湖南﹚When he the door, he found his keys were nowhere. ‎ A. would open B. opened C. had opened D. was to open ‎【答案】D ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。‎ ‎【解析】动词不定时的用法。句意为：当他要打开门的时候,他发现他的钥匙不见了。动词不定时表示将要发生的动作。‎ ‎（2009湖南﹚At the age of 29, Dave was a worker, in a small apartment near Boston and ______ what to do about his future.‎ A. living; wondering B. lived; wondering C. lived; wondered D. living; wondered ‎（2009湖南﹚Please do me a favor — ______ my friend Mr. Smith to Youth Theater at 7:30 tonight.‎ A. to invite B. inviting C. invite D. invited ‎【答案】B ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。‎ ‎【解析】句意：请帮我个忙——邀请我的朋友Smith先生今晚7:30到青年剧院。invite结构和favor构成同位语, 故用动名词结构。‎ ‎（2009湖南﹚Every evening after dinner, if not        from work, I will spend some time walking my dog.      ‎ A. being tired  B. tiring   C. tired   D. to be tired （2009江西﹚The government plans to bring in new laws _____ parents to take more responsibility for the education of their children. ‎ A. forced B. forcing C. to be forced D. having forced ‎ ‎（2009海南﹚Now that we’ve discussed out problem, are people happy with the decisions ?‎ A. taking B. take C. taken D. to take ‎【答案】C ‎【考点定位】考查with +宾语+宾语补足语的用法。‎ ‎【解析】句意为：现在,我们已经讨论了问题,是人们最满意的决定？ take 与the decisions之间存在的关系是动宾关系, 故用过去分词表示被动 ‎（2009山东﹚We are invited to a party _________in our club next Friday. ‎ A. to be held B. held C. being held D. holding ‎ ‎（2009四川﹚Ladies and gentlemen, please remain __________ until the plane has come to a complete stop.‎ A. seated B. seating C. to seat D. seat ‎【答案】A ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语的用法。‎ ‎【解析】remain后可接adj, v-ing, v-ed和to be done 等多种形式做表语, 在该题中可以把seated视为一个形容词, 所以正确答案为A。‎ ‎（2009四川﹚He told us whether _________ a picnic was still under discussion A. to have B. having C. have D. had ‎【答案】B ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语的用法 ‎【解析】分析句子可知whether +to do sth. 做了宾语从句的主语, He told us ‎ 后省略了宾语从句的引导词that。‎ ‎（2009四川﹚________ many times, he finally understood it. ‎ A. Told B. Telling C. Having told D. Having been told ‎ ‎（2009天津﹚_____ by the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land.‎ A. Being encouraged B. Encouraging C. Encouraged D. Having encouraged ‎【答案】C ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。‎ ‎【解析】受科技进步的鼓舞, 许多农民已经在他们的土地上建造风电厂。根据句意, encourage动作已经完成, 它和famous是被动关系, 因此用过去分词。‎ ‎（2009浙江﹚_______and short of breath, Andy and Ruby were the first to reach the top of Mount Tai.‎ A. the; a B. Tired C. Tiring D. Being tired ‎（2009浙江﹚Schools across China are expected to hire 50,000 college graduates this year as short-term teachers, almost three times the number hired last year, _______reduce unemployment pressures. A. help              B. to have helped     C. to ‎ help    D. having helped （2009重庆﹚Michael’s new house is like a huge palace, ______with his old one. ‎ A. comparing    B. compares C. to compare   D. compared ‎ ‎【答案】D ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。‎ ‎【解析】与他的旧房子比较, 麦克尔的新房子像座大宫殿。new house与compare是被动关系, 因此用过去分词表被动。‎ ‎（2009重庆﹚With the world changing fast, we have something new with all by ourselves every day.‎ A. deal         B. dealt C. to deal      D. dealing ‎ ‎（2009江苏﹚Schools across China are expected to hire 50,000 college graduates this year as short-term teachers, almost three times the number hired last year, reduce unemployment pressures. ‎ A. help              B. to have helped     C. to help    D. having helped ‎【答案】C ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。‎ ‎【解析】China are expected to help reduce unemployment pressures. to help 与to hire 位置相同。‎ ‎（2009江苏﹚Distinguished guests and friends, welcome to our school,  the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are our alumni (校友) from home and abroad.‎ A. Attend      B. To attend         C. Attending        D. Having attended ‎（2008全国Ⅰ﹚I like getting up very early in summer.The morning air is so good .‎ A.to be breathed B.to breathe C.breathing D.being breathed ‎【答案】B ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。‎ ‎【解析】在“主语+be+adj.+to do” 结构中, 动词不定式用主动形式表被动意义。‎ ‎（2008北京﹚—Did the book give the information you needed? ‎—Yes.But it, I had to read the entire book. A.to find B.find C.to be finding D.finding ‎（2008北京﹚It is worth considering what makes “convenience” foods so popular, and better ones of your own. A.introduces B.to introduce C.introducing D.introduced ‎（2008北京﹚ that she was going off to sleep, I asked if she’d like that little doll on her bed. A.Seeing B.To see C.See D.Seen ‎【答案】A ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。‎ ‎【解析】see这一动作由句子的主语 “I” 发出, 故空格处须用现在分词。‎ ‎（2008天津﹚ their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory. A.To throw B.Thrown C.Throwing D.Being thrown ‎（2008江西﹚I hear they’ve promoted Tom, but he didn’t mention when we talked on the phone. A.to promote B.having been promoted C.having promoted D.to be promoted ‎【答案】B ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。‎ ‎【解析】句意为：我听说他们提拔了汤姆, 但我们在电话中交谈时汤姆并未提及被提拔之事。mention后跟名词或动名词作宾语, 此处要用动名词的完成被动式表示, “被提拔” 的动作在mention前发生。‎ ‎（2008江西﹚We finished the run in less than half the time . A.allowing B.to allow C.allowed D.allows ‎（2008湖南﹚The trees in the storm have been moved off the road. A.being blown down B.blown down C.blowing down D.to blow down ‎【答案】B ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。‎ ‎【解析】句意为：在暴风雨中被吹倒的树已经被从道路上移走了。“树木” 的后面缺少定语, 因为blow down与trees之间是动宾关系, 且是已经完成的动作, 故用过去分词短语blown down。‎ ‎（2008湖南﹚ the project as planned, we’ll have to work two more hours a day.‎ A.Completing B.Complete C.Completed D.To complete ‎（2008湖南﹚Susan wanted to be independent of her parents.She tried alone, but she didn’t like it and moved back home. A.living B.to live C.to be living D.having lived ‎【答案】A ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。‎ ‎【解析】句意为：苏姗不想依赖父母。她试着一个人生活, 但不喜欢这样, 又搬回家去了。try doing sth.试着做某事；try to do sth.尽力去做某事。‎ ‎（2008陕西﹚ around the Water Cube, we were then taken to see the Bird’s Nest for the 2008 Olympic Games. A.Having shown B.To be shown C.Having been shown D.To show ‎（2008四川﹚We had an anxious couple of weeks for the results of the experiment.‎ A.wait B.to be waiting C.waited D.waiting ‎【答案】D ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。‎ ‎【解析】句意为：我们度过了焦急的几周, 等待着实验结果。本题用现在分词waiting作伴随状语。‎ ‎（2008重庆﹚ to reach them on the phone, we sent an email instead.‎ A.Fail B.Failed C.To fail D.Having failed ‎【答案】D ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词作状语 ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词作状语, 与主语构成主谓关系。‎ ‎（2008浙江﹚ that he was in great danger, Eric walked deeper into the forest. A.Not realized B.Not to realize ‎ C.Not realizing D.Not to have realized ‎（2008福建﹚ in the queue for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car. A.Waiting B.To wait C.Having waited D.To have waited ‎【答案】C ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。‎ ‎【解析】逗号前的部分是时间状语, 不定式一般不作时间状语, 首先排除B、D两项；wait的动作在realize之前, 故用分词的完成式。‎ ‎（2008福建﹚—Can those at the back of the classroom hear me? ‎—No problem.‎ A.seat B.sit C.seated D.sat ‎（2008辽宁﹚He was busy writing a story, only once in a while to smoke a cigarette.‎ A.to stop B.stopping C.to have stopped D.having stopped ‎（2008辽宁﹚Please remain ______; the winner of the prize will be announced soon.‎ A. seating B. seated C. to seat D. to be seated ‎【答案】B ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。‎ ‎【解析】句意为：请在座位上坐着；很快就会宣布获奖者。seat是及物动词, remain/be seated保持坐着的状态, 坐着。‎ ‎（2008江苏﹚To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English as much as we can. A.speak B.speaking C.spoken D.to speak ‎【答案】C ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。‎ ‎【解析】此处考查hear+宾语+do/doing/done结构。因为English是 “被说” , 故用spoken作宾补, 表示被动。‎ ‎（2008山东﹚Lucy’s new job paid twice as much as she had made in the restaurant.‎ A.working B.work C.to work D.worked ‎【答案】A ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。‎ ‎【解析】working in the restaurant为现在分词短语在句中作状语。‎ ‎（2008安徽﹚_______ in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring.‎ ‎ A. To walk. B. Walking C. Walked D. Having walked ‎（2008上海﹚My sister, an inexperienced rider, was found sitting on the bicycle ‎ ___ to balance it. A. having tried B. trying C. to try D. tried ‎（2008上海﹚If there is a lot of work ___, I’m happy to just keep on until it is finished. A. to do B. to be doing C. done D. doing ‎（2008上海﹚Something as simple as ___ some cold water may clear your mind and relive pressure. A. to drink B. drinking C. to be drinking D. drunk ‎【答案】B ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。‎ ‎【解析】本句谓语动词是 clear和relive. 意思是: 某某可以清醒头脑和减轻压力. Something 正是主语！就是这个某某, as simple as 插入进去的是干扰, 意思是: Something和xxxx一样简单. 那么到底是什么呢？管他是什么反正是个事物 , 也就是少一个事物, 这个事物是可以清醒头脑和减轻压力的.表示具体的一个事物, 当然是动名词咯 ‎（2008上海﹚Ideally ___ for Broadway theatre and Fifth Avenue, the New York Park hotel is a favourite with many guests. A. locating B. being located C. having been located D. located ‎【答案】D ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。‎ ‎【解析】表示某个地方位于哪里 用located ‎（2007全国II﹚At the beginning of class, the noise of desks ____ could be heard outside the classroom. ‎ A. opened and closed B. to be opened and closed ‎ C. being opened and closed D. to open and close ‎（2007上海﹚After a knock at the door, the child heard his mother’s voice ______ him. ‎ ‎ A. calling B. called C. being called D. to call ‎（2007上海﹚There is nothing more I can try ______ you to stay, so I wish you good luck. ‎ ‎ A. being persuaded B. persuading ‎ C. to be persuaded D. to persuade ‎【答案】D ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。‎ ‎【解析】try to persuade...尽力去说服……。I can try you to stay为定语从句, 省略了作try的宾语的关系代词that。‎ ‎（2007上海﹚The Town Hall ______ in the 1800’s was the most distinguished building at that time.‎ A. to be completed B. having been completed ‎ C. completed D. being completed ‎（2007山东﹚The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft, the most recent ________at the end of last March.‎ A. has been launched B. having been launched ‎ C. being launched D. to be launched ‎ ‎（2007山东﹚Please remain _________ until the plane has come to a complete stop. ‎ A. to seal B. to be seated C. seating D. seated ‎ ‎（2007安徽﹚John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work ________, he gladly accepted it. ‎ ‎ A. finished B. finishing ‎ C. having finished D. was finished ‎【答案】A ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。‎ ‎【解析】 “with+宾语+宾补” 结构中, 宾补表示完成用过去分词。‎ ‎（2007安徽﹚—Robert is indeed a wise man.‎ ‎ —Oh, yes. How often I have regretted ______ his advice! ‎ A. to take B. taking C. not to take D. not taking ‎（2007北京﹚—Excuse me sir,where is Room 301?‎ ‎ —Just a minute.I’ll have Bob ____you to your room. ‎ A.show B.shows C. to show D. showing ‎（2007北京﹚He is a student at Oxford University, __________ for a degree in computer science. ‎ A. studied B. studying C. to have studied D. to be studying ‎【答案】B ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。‎ ‎【解析】句意为“他是个牛津大学的学生, 正在攻读计算机科学的学位。”此句为简单句, __________ for a degree in computer science为状语, 主语He与study为主动关系, 应选择现在分词, 【答案】为B项。注意, C项和D项不符合句意。‎ ‎（2007福建﹚Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English __ in a short period. ‎ A.improved B.improving C.to improve D.improve ‎（2007福建﹚—Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.‎ ‎—Sorry. With so much work _______ my mind, I almost break down. ‎ A.filled B.filling C.to fill D.being filled ‎（2007湖南﹚As the light turned green, I stood for a moment, not _________, and asked myself what I was going to do. ‎ ‎ A. moved B moving C. to move D. being moved ‎ ‎（2007湖南﹚“Things _________ never come again!” I couldn’t help talking to myself. ‎ ‎ A. lost B. losing C. to lose D. have lost ‎ ‎（2007江苏﹚—Can I smoke here?‎ ‎ —Sorry. We don’t allow ______ here. ‎ A. people smoking B. people smoke ‎ C. to smoke D. smoking ‎（2007江苏﹚My parents have always made me ______ about myself, even when I was twelve. ‎ A. feeling well B. feeling good ‎ C. feel well D. feel good ‎（2007江苏﹚He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them ______ in his lectures. ‎ A. interested B. interesting C. interest D. to interest ‎【答案】A ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。‎ ‎【解析】过去分词interested在此已转化为形容词, interested in意为“对……感趣”。  ‎ ‎（2007江西﹚When asked why he went there, he said he was sent there for a space flight. ‎ A.training B.being trained ‎ C.to have trained D.to be trained ‎【答案】D ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。‎ ‎【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。作目的状语时用不定式, 而不用分词, 首先排除A、B两项；另外he承受train这一动作, 应用被动语态, 排除C项, 故D项正确。‎ ‎（2007陕西﹚_____ that she didn’t do a good job, I don’t think I am abler than her. ‎ A.To have said B.Having said C.To say D.Saying ‎（2007四川﹚Peter received a letter just now _______ his grandma would come to see him soon.‎ ‎ A. said B. says C. saying D. to say ‎（2007四川﹚The flowers his friend gave him will die unless ________ every day. ‎ A. watered B. watering C. water D. to water ‎【答案】A ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。‎ ‎【解析】unless, if, when, though等引导状语从句时, 如果主从句的主语一致, 又含有be动词时, 常把主语和be动词省略。此处应为unless they are watered。因此A项正确。‎ ‎（2007天津﹚The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance, ________ in the natural light during the day. ‎ A. to let B. letting C. let D. having let ‎【答案】B ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。‎ ‎【解析】句意为：在入口处玻璃门已取代了木头门, 在白天能让自然光进来。空白处在句中作状语, let与句子的主语之间是主谓关系, 且动作是同时发生的, 故用现在分词形式。‎ ‎（2007浙江﹚The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle ______.‎ ‎ A. to be heard B. to have heard C. hearing D. being ‎ heard ‎ ‎（2007浙江﹚______ by a greater demand of vegetables, farmers have built more green houses. ‎ ‎ A. Driven B. Being driven C. To drive D. Having driven ‎ ‎（2007重庆﹚The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons _______ for the day. ‎ A. finishing B. finished C. had finished D. were finished ‎【答案】B ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。‎ ‎【解析】根据句子结构判断, 此处为独立主格结构, 且功课是被完成, 因此用过去分词形式。‎ ‎（2007重庆﹚Leonardo da Vinci(1452-1519) birds kept in cages in order to have the pleasure of setting them free. A.is said to be buying B.is said to have bought C.had said to buy D.has said to have bought ‎（2007辽宁﹚The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of Liu Xiang, who was reported ______ the world record in the 110-meter hurdle race. ‎ A. breaking B. having broken ‎ C. to have broken D. break ‎（2007辽宁﹚You can’t imagine what difficulty we had ______ home in the snowstorm. ‎ A. walked B. walk C. to walk D. walking ‎【答案】D ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。‎ ‎【解析】注意句型：have difficulty （in）doing sth 由于句子中in可以省略, 所以该题目虽然将宾语前置, 后面用了一个定语从句, 但是结构不变, 在某方面依然是in doing sth只是in被省略。补全：You can't imagine what difficulty which we had （in）walking ‎ home in the snowstorm.‎ ‎（2007上海春﹚All the staff in our company are considering______ to the city centre for the fashion show.‎ A. to go B. going C. to have gone D. having gone ‎【答案】B ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。‎ ‎【解析】consider to do, 考虑做什么事。‎ ‎（2007上海春﹚_____the safety of gas, the government has checked the city’s gas supply system thoroughly.‎ A. To ensure B. Ensuring C. Having ensured. D. To have ensured ‎【答案】A ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。‎ ‎【解析】To do置于句首常作目的状语。‎ ‎（2007上海春﹚She wants her paintings in the gallery, but we don t think they would be very popular.‎ A. display B. to display Cdisplaying D. displayed ‎【答案】D ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎（2006北京﹚There have been several new events to the program for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. ‎ A.add B.to add C.adding D.added ‎（2006北京﹚I can’t stand with Jane in the same office.She just refuses talking while she works. A.working;stopping B.to work;stopping ‎ C.working;to stop D.to work;to stop ‎【答案】C ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。‎ ‎【解析】stand doing sth.容忍做某事；refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事。句意为：我不能容忍跟珍妮在一个办公室工作, 她工作时总是喋喋不休。‎ ‎（2006江苏﹚Whenever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly, always ______the same thing.    A. saying  B. said  C. to say  D. having said ‎ ‎（2006湖南﹚If you think that treating a woman well means always ______ her permission for things, think again. A. gets   B. got             C. to get        D. getting （2006湖南﹚As the twentieth century came to a close, the raw materials for a great national literature were at hand, waiting _____. A. to use     B. to be used          C. to have used        D. to be using （2006天津﹚Don’t respond to any e-mails ______ personal information, no matter how official they look.‎ ‎ A. searching      B. asking         ‎ C. requesting         D. questioning 【答案】C ‎【考点定位】考查动词辨析。‎ ‎【解析】ask for sth.和request sth.都可表示“要求某事物” , 而question sth.为“对某事物提出质疑” , search a place表“搜某处” 。‎ ‎（2006天津﹚A good story does not necessarily have to have a happy ending, but the reader must not be left .‎ A.unsatisfied B.unsatisfying ‎ C.to be unsatisfying D.being unsatisfied ‎（2006辽宁﹚I was told that there were about 50 foreign students _____ Chinese in the school, most  _____were from Germany. A.study; of whom           B.study; of them ‎ C.studying; of them         D.studying; of  whom （2006四川﹚The Chinese are proud of the 29th Olympic Games ______    in Beijing in 2008.     A.hold  B.holding  C.held  D.to be held （2006四川﹚_____with so much trouble,we failed to complete the task on time. A.Faced  B.Face  ‎ C.Facing  D.To face （2006福建﹚_______for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits. A. Blaming          B. Blamed                  ‎ C. To blame         D. To be blamed （2006陕西﹚It is difficult to imagine his _______ the decision without any consideration. ‎ A. to accept    B. accept    ‎ C. accepting    D. accepted 【答案】C ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。‎ ‎【解析】imagine后接动名词。‎ ‎（2006陕西﹚Faced with a bill for $10,000, _______. A. an extra job has been given to John   B. the boss has given John an extra ‎ job C. an extra job has been taken    D. John has taken an extra job 【答案】A ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。‎ ‎【解析】根据“分词作状语其逻辑主语应与句子主语一致”的原则, 只有A才是对的。‎ ‎（2006陕西﹚He hurried to the booking office only _____ that all the tickets has been sold out.  A. to be told    B. to tell    C. told     D. telling （2006浙江﹚When ______ different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities. A. compared  B. being compared  ‎ C. comparing  D. having compared （2006湖北﹚AIDS is said ______ the biggest health challenge to both men and women in that area over the past few years. A. that it is         B. to be       ‎ C. that it has been   D. to have been （2006湖北﹚Don’t sit there ________ nothing. Come and help me with this table. A. do  B. to do  ‎ C. doing  D. and doing 【答案】C ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。‎ ‎【解析】doing nothing表示的动作是伴随sit同时发生的, 因此选C。‎ ‎（2006山东﹚Police are now searching for a woman who is reported to ____ since the flood hit the area last Friday. A. have been missing   B. have got lost   ‎ C. be missing   D. get lost ‎ ‎（2006山东﹚Five people won the “China’s Green Figure” award, a title to ordinary people for their contributions to environmental protection.‎ A.being given B.is given C.given D.was given ‎（2006江西﹚After he became conscious, he remembered and on the head with a rod.‎ A.to attack;hit B.to be attacked;to be hit C.attacking;be hit D.having been attacked;hit ‎（2006广东﹚_______ this cake, you’ll need 2 eggs, ‎175 g sugar and ‎175 g flour. A. Having made       B. Make      ‎ C. To make     D. Making （2006广东﹚No matter how frequently ________ , the works of Beethoven still attract people all over the  wor ld.  A. performed   B. performing      ‎ C. to be performed     D. being performed （2005北京﹚It’s necessary to be prepared for a job interview. __________ the answers ready will be of great help.    A. To have had   B. Having had    C. Have    D. Having （2005北京﹚When asked by the police, he said that he remembered __________ at the party, but not __________. A. to arrive, leaving  B. to arrive, to leave  ‎ C. arriving, leaving  D. arriving, to leave （2005北京﹚The prize of the game show is $30,000 and an all expenses _____ vacation to China. A. paying    B. paid     ‎ C. to be paid   D. being paid （2005北京﹚I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise __________. A. going on   B. goes on    ‎ C. went on   D. to go on （2005山东﹚Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year, ______ a record US $‎57.65 a barrel on April 4‎ ‎.  A. have reached  B. reaching   ‎ C. to reach  D. to be reaching （2005广东﹚He glanced over at her, ______ that though she was tiny, she seemed very well put together. A. noting    B. noted      ‎ C. to note        D. having noted 【答案】A ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。‎ ‎【解析】根据上下文这里只能是用ing的一般式作状语表示结果, noting 这一动作和句中谓语动词glanced的动作同时发生或几乎同时发生, 因此要用ing的一般式。完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前。此句也可换成：He glanced over at her and noted that though she was tiny, she seemed very well put together.‎ ‎（2005广东﹚He hurried to the station only ______ that the train had left. A. to find       B. finding     ‎ C. found     D. to have found （2005湖北﹚______from other continents for millions of years ,Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world.  A. Being separated   B. Having separated   C. Having been separated  D. To be separated 【答案】C ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。‎ ‎【解析】因为Australia与separate是被动关系, 且separate发生在谓语动词has之前, 所以用现在分词的完成被动式作原因状语。‎ ‎（2005湖南﹚_____ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor. A. Dressed      B. To dress       ‎ C. Dressing    D. Having dressed ‎ ‎（2005湖南﹚I send you 100 dollars today, the rest __ in a year. A. follows   B. followed     C. to follow    D. being followed （2005江苏﹚---- Is Bob still performing? ---- I’m afraid not. He is said________ the stage already as he has become an official A. to have left        B. to leave       ‎ C. to have been left        D. to be left 【答案】A ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。‎ ‎【解析】考查不定式的完成式。动词不定式的完成式表示过去发生的事或已经完成的动作或表示动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。I’m afraid not. 表明Bob现在不再演出, 已经离开了舞台。‎ ‎（2005江苏﹚________ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police A. Having lost       B. Lost               C. Being lost           D. Losing 【答案】B ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。‎ ‎【解析】过去分词Lost=Having been lost=Having been missing表示一种持续的状态。‎ ‎（2005全国II﹚While watching television, __________.   A. the doorbell rang                B. the doorbell rings C. we heard the doorbell ring       D. we heard the doorbell rings ‎（2005全国II﹚_________, the more expensive the camera, the better its quality. ‎ A. General speaking B. Speaking general C. Generally speaking D. Speaking generally ‎（2005全国Ⅲ﹚“You can’t catch me!” Janet shouted, __________ away. A. run   B. running    C. to run    D. ran‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。‎ ‎【解析】running away在此作shouted的伴随状语, 由Janet发出这一动作, 故用现在分词形式。‎ ‎（2005全国I﹚The storm left ,  _____a lot of damage to this area . A. caused   B. to have caused   C. to cause   D. having caused （2005上海﹚He got well-prepared for the job interview, for he couldn’t risk _______ the good opportunity. A. to lose    B. losing      C. to be lost     D. being lost 【答案】B ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。‎ ‎【解析】risk doing sth.冒险做某事, 为常用搭配, 故排除A、C。此处无被动意义, 排除D, 故选B。‎ ‎（2005上海﹚______ into use in April 2000, the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns. A. Put   B. Putting   C. Having put   D. Being put （2005上海﹚It was unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hours just _______ a look at the sports stars. A. had     B. having  C. to have  D. have （2005上海﹚More and more people are signing up for Yoga classes nowadays, ________ advantage of the health and relaxation benefits. A. taking    B. taken   C. having taken    D. having been taken ‎ ‎（2005浙江﹚_________ more about university courses, call (920) 746-3789. A. To find out  B. Finding out   C. Find out    D. Having found out 【答案】A ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。‎ ‎【解析】作目的状语要用动词不定式。‎ ‎（2005重庆﹚Daddy didn’t mind what we were doing, as long as we were together, ____fun. A. had     B. have     C. to have          D. having （2005重庆﹚—What should I do with this passage? 　　—_____ the main idea of each paragraph. ‎ A. Finding out B. Found out C. Find out D. To find out 【答案】C ‎【考点定位】此处考查祈使句的用法 ‎【解析】故用动词原形。其实，此题也可视为 You should find out... 之省略。 （2005天津﹚You should understand the traffic rule by now. You’ve had it_______ often enough. A. explaining    B. to explain        C. explain       D. explained 【答案】D ‎【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。‎ ‎【解析】have +宾语+ done的结构, explain和it构成被动关系。explained作宾语补足语。‎ ‎（2005天津﹚I don’t want _______like I’ m speaking iii of anybody, but the manager’ s plan is unfair. A. to sound      B. to be sounded   C. sounding       D. to have sounded ‎