2012高考英语高频词汇单选专练4 14页

‎2012高考英语高频词汇单选专练（16）‎ ‎1. We can't _____ one to change the habits of a lifetime in a short time.‎ A. hope B. wait C. expect D. imagine ‎[答案]C. expert.‎ ‎[注释]expert期望，盼望，表示认为有很大的客观可能性，例如：‎ I expert the work to be finished by Friday.（我期望这项工作能在星期五前做完。）‎ wait for ... to do sth.等待、等待......做......，强调“等”这一动词的本身，如：‎ The audience are waiting eagerly for the performance to begin.(观众正等着演出开始。)本题如改为这样：‎ I waited for him to arrive in time for dinner, but he didn't come.(我等他来赶上晚餐，但他没有来。)则句子使是对的。‎ 由此可见，expect是表示“期待”，而wait for 是表示“等待”，词义完全不同。‎ 注意hope后不能接sb. to do sth.‎ ‎1)imagine being on the moon.‎ ‎2)I'm sorry, but I can't imagine anyone doing research like that.(很遗憾，我不能想象人家那样做实验。)‎ 本题译文：我们不能期望一个人在这样短的时间内改变一辈子养成的习惯。‎ ‎2. It was necessary to _____ the factory building as the company was doing more and more business.‎ A. extend B. increase C. lengthen D. magnify ‎[答案]A. extend.‎ ‎[注释]本题中extend意为“扩大”。lengthen拉长,延长。magnify放大。 Spread vi. 传播；vt.展开；He spread butter on the toast.(他在烤面包上涂上奶油。)‎ ‎3. I asked the tailor to make a small _____ to my trousers because they were too long.‎ A. change B. variation C. revision D. alteration ‎[答案]D alteration.‎ ‎[注释]alteration修正，更改，尤指部分的改变。‎ Change改变，变化，可指表面的、本质的、内在的变化。‎ Revision修订、修正，常指文章、词典、剧本等的修改、订正。‎ Variation(形式、位置、条件的)变化、改变、变动：‎ We need some variation in our daily routine.(我们的例行公事需要作些变动。)‎ ‎4. Because of the strong sun Mrs. William's new dining room curtains _____ from dark blue to gray within a year.‎ A. faded B. fainted C. paled D. diminished ‎[答案]A. faded.‎ ‎[注释]fadevt/vi褪色。‎ Faint晕到，变得虚弱：‎ He fainted from hunger.‎ Diminish vt./vi.减少：‎ ‎1)His illness diminished his strength.‎ ‎2)The campers' food supply diminished as the days wore on.(随着日子的缓缓消逝，野营者的食品供应日益减少。)pale变苍白。‎ ‎5. Jack is good, kind, hard-working and intelligent. _____, I can't speak too highly of him.‎ A. As a result B. By the way C. On the whole D. In a word ‎[答案]D. In a word.‎ ‎[注释]in a word(=in short)总之，简言之。‎ 本题是测试“过度词”，考生务必根据上下文的逻辑关系来选择适当的过渡词，使句子的意思前后连贯。‎ ‎6. Evidence obtained from observation and experiment is often used to _____ a scientific theory.‎ A. confirm B. confine C. conform D. conceive ‎[答案]A. confirm.‎ ‎[注释] confirm(=support; make certain; give proof of)证实，确实：‎ ‎1)Please confirm your telephone message in writing.(请把你电话中所说的话再用文字复述一篇。)‎ ‎2)The king confirmed that the election would be on June 20th.(国王确认，这次选择将于六月二十日举行。)‎ confine...to把......限制于：‎ Please confine your remarks to the subject we are talking about.(请把你的话限止于我们正在谈论的题目。)‎ conform (to)使一致，符合，遵守。‎ Conceive想到，想出：‎ He very quickly conceived a new plan.‎ ‎[注意]conceive of想象:They could not conceive of the possibility of failure.(他们不能想象失败的可能。)‎ ‎7. Political parties often differ in their views on various _____ concerning their own countries.‎ A. ways B. measures C. issues D. patterns ‎[答案]c. issues.‎ ‎[注释]issue此处意为“重大问题”。measure措施，虽然填入本题也说得过去，但不够贴切。pattern模式，图案，图样。与题意不符，不能入选。way 方法，方式。‎ ‎8. _____ his knowledge of the mountainous country, John Smith was appointed as our guide.‎ A. In spite of B. On account of C. Regardless of D. Instead of ‎[答案]B. On account of ‎[注释]on account of(=because of)由于，因为。regardless of(=without worrying about)不顾；Regardless of danger, he climbed the tower.‎ ‎9. The lawyer was expected to _____ some proposals after reading all those documents.‎ A. come up with B. put up with C. look up to D. keep up with ‎[答案]A. come up with.‎ ‎[注释]come up with提出。Put up with忍受；keep up with跟上，与......保持一致；look up to尊敬。‎ ‎10. While typing, Helen has a habit of stopping _____ to give her long and flowing hair a smooth.‎ A. occasionally B. simultaneously C. eventually D. directly ‎[答案]A. occasionally.‎ ‎[注释]occasionally 偶尔；Simultaniously同时地； directly直接 ‎2012高考英语高频词汇单选专练（17）‎ ‎1. In my opinion, you can widen the _____ of these improvements through your active participation.‎ A. dimension B. volume C. magnitude D. scope ‎[答案]D. scope.‎ ‎[注释]scope(=the area within the limits of a questions, subject ect. ;range)(活动)范围，机会，余地：‎ The politics of a country would be outside the scope of a book for tourists.(一个国家的政治不属于旅游手册的内容范围之内。)‎ dimension尺寸，尺度；magnitude大小，数量；volume体积。均不切题，不能入选。‎ 本题译文：依我看，通过你的积极参与，你能够扩大这些改进措施的范围。‎ ‎2. The noise was so _____ that only those with excellent hearing were aware of it.‎ A. dim B. soft C. faint D. gentle ‎[答案]c. faint.‎ ‎[注释]faint(=weak, indistinct; not clear)“微弱的，模糊的，不清楚的”。‎ Dim(=not bright, not clearly to be seen)不亮的，看不清的；‎ the dim light of a candle(微弱的烛光)。‎ ‎3. If he refuses to _____ my plan, I can probably find someone more cooperative.‎ A. put up with B. fall in with C. do away with D. get along with ‎[答案]B. fall in with.‎ ‎[注释]fall in with(=agree to)同意：‎ Is it true that you have fallen in with them?(你真的同意他们的意见吗？)‎ put up with忍受。do away with废除；杀死。get along with进行，进展；相处。‎ 本题译文：如果他不肯同意我的计划，我或许能找一个更能合作的人。‎ ‎4. Some people either _____ avoid questions of right and wrong or remain neutral about them.‎ A. violently B. sincerely C. properly D. deliberately ‎[答案]D. deliberately.‎ ‎[注释]deliberately(=on purpose)故意地。Sincerely真诚地；violently强暴的，激烈的，暴力引起的。‎ properly ‎1)好好地，恰当地；She never makes any attempt to clean it properly.(她从来也不打算好好地把它擦干净。)‎ ‎2)严格地：Properly speaking, a whale is not a fish.(严格地说，鲸鱼不是鱼。)‎ ‎5. Her skirt had been so _____ in packing that she had to iron it before going out.‎ A. faded B. torn C. dirty D. crushed ‎[答案]D. crushed.‎ ‎[注释]crush把......弄皱。因为后半句中iron指“熨平”，所以不能选其他答案了。‎ ‎6. His landlady gave him a week's _____ to leave the flat.‎ A. threat B. notice C. advice D. caution ‎[答案]B. notice.‎ ‎[注释]notice预先通知（尤用雇主、雇员或房东、房客之间）：give one's employee a month's notice (通知雇员一个月后离职)。‎ 本题译文：他的女房东通知他一周后从套间搬走。‎ ‎7. Even if they are on sale, these refrigerators are equal in price to, if not more expensive than, _____ at the other store.‎ A. anyone B. the others C. that D. the ones ‎[答案]D. the ones ‎[注释]代词one可以用来替代前面提到过的名词，以避免重复。如果它替代的名词是复数，则用ones。本题中它代替refrigerators；因特指，故用the ones.‎ ‎8. When I took his temperature, it was two degrees above _____.‎ A. average B. ordinary C. regular D. normal ‎[答案]D. normal ‎[注释]normal正常的；ordinary普通的；usual平常的；regular有规律的，定期的。‎ ‎9. With the change of the economic foundation the entire immense superstructure is _____ rapidly transformed.‎ A. anything but B. more or less C. at large D. any more ‎[答案]B. more or less.‎ ‎[注释]more or less 或多或少地；anything but根本不；at large大体上；逍遥法外；详细地。‎ 本题译文：随着经济基础的改变，整个庞大的上层建筑也或多或少地发生变革。‎ ‎10. The author of the report is well _____ with the problems in the hospital because he has been working there for many years.‎ A. acquainted B. informed C. enlightened D. advised ‎[答案]A. acquainted.‎ ‎[注释]be acquainted with熟悉，be well informed of(about)对......消息灵通。可见，此题中应用acquainted,因为后面地介词是with.‎ ‎2012高考英语高频词汇单选专练（18）‎ ‎1. It is clear that the whole world is passing through a social revolution in which a central _____ must be taken by scientists and technologists.‎ A. process B. attention C. measure D. part ‎[答案]D. part.‎ ‎[注释]take part in参加。‎ 本题译文：显然，整个世界正经历着一场社会革命；科学家和技术人员必定是这场革命地主要参加者。‎ ‎2. The farmers were more anxious for rain than the people in the city because they had more _____.‎ A. at length B. at last C. at stake D. at ease ‎[答案]C. at stake.‎ ‎[注释]at stake(=to be won or lost; risked, depending upon the result of sth.)在危险中；利害攸关；His life itself was at stake.(他的生命本身濒临危险。);‎ at last最终；at length详细地；at ease安详，自在，随便，不拘束：She knew he was not at ease.(她知道，他并不自在。)‎ 本题译文：农民们比城里人更渴望鱼，因为雨水对农民来说关系更大。‎ ‎3. When the big bills for mother's hospital care came, father was glad he had money in the bank to _____.‎ A. fall short of B. fall through C. fall back on D. fall in with ‎[答案]C. fall back on.‎ ‎[注释]fall back on求助于。‎ Fall short of没达到，低于：‎ ‎1)He fell short of what we had expected.(他没有达到我们的期望。)‎ ‎2)The measures proposed fall far short of what is required.(所提出的这些措施远没达到需要的 目标。)‎ Fall in with与......一致，符合；同意，赞成，支持。‎ Fall through落空。‎ 本题译文：母亲在医院就医的各种帐单送来时，父亲高兴的是他可用银行里的存款来支付。‎ ‎4. These plastic flowers look so _____ that many people think they are real.‎ A. beautiful B. natural C. artificial D. similar ‎[答案]B. natural.‎ ‎[注释]natural自然的，与后半句“许多人认为它们是真的”相呼应。‎ ‎5. The managing director promised that he would _____ me as soon as he had any further information.‎ A. communicate B. notice C. notify D. note ‎[答案]C. notify.‎ ‎[注释]notify通知。Notice n.通知；v.注意到；note n.笔记；v.记下，摘下。‎ ‎6. When I worked as the general manager of the firm, I sometimes had _____ to visit London on business.‎ A. opportunity B. possibility C. occasion D. chance ‎[答案]C. occasion ‎[注释] occasion 作可数名词时，意为“时机”，作不可数名词时，意为“必要”，本题中occasion意为“必要”。从句语法结构上看，本句中用opportunity(难得的)机会，chance（偶然的）机会均可，但按逻辑意思，应用occasion.‎ ‎7. The most important _____ of his speech was that we should all work whole-heartedly for the people.‎ A. element B. spot C. sense D. point ‎[答案]D. point.‎ ‎[注释]point(=chief idea of sth. said, done, or planned)要点；论点，主旨：‎ I don't see your point.(我不明白你的意思。)He said nothing to the point.(他说的不切题。)‎ ‎8. It has always been the _____ of our firm to encourage workers to take part in social activities.‎ A. plan B. campaign C. procedure D. policy ‎[答案]D. policy.‎ ‎[注释]policy(尤指政党、政府、大企业、商行等的)政策，方针。‎ Campaign(政治或竞选的)运动；（军事的）行动，‎ procedure做事的手续、程序，rule规则，plan计划，均不合题意。‎ 本题译文：本公司的一贯方针是鼓励工人参加社会活动。‎ ‎9. The climbers _____ their ambition by reaching the summit of the mountain.‎ A. obtained B. sustained C. maintained D. realized ‎[答案]D. realised.‎ ‎[注释]realise sth. by doing sth. else通过做......来实现.......。‎ ‎10. I remember her face but I cannot _____ where I met her.‎ A. recall B. remind C. remember D. remark ‎[答案]A. recall.‎ ‎[注释]recall(=bring back to the mind)想起，回忆起：‎ But I really cann't recall your name at his moment.‎ Remind sb. of...使......想起：‎ ‎1)The photo reminds me of my late father.(这张照片使我想起已故的父亲。)‎ ‎2)The sight of the clock reminded me that I was late.Remind sb. to sth.提醒......做......；‎ ‎3)Please remind me to write the letter.‎ ‎2012高考英语高频词汇单选专练（19）‎ ‎1. He has left his book here on _____, so that you can read it.‎ A. purpose B. intention C. aim D. meaning ‎[答案]A. purpose.‎ ‎[注释]on purpose是介词习语，意为“故意地”。如用intention,则应说by intention故意地。‎ ‎2. The magician picked several persons from the audience _____ and asked them to help him with the performance.‎ A. by accident B. on occasion C. at random D. on an average ‎[答案]C. at random.‎ ‎[注释]at random(=without aim or purpose)随便地，胡乱地：‎ His clothes were scattered about the room at random.‎ By accident意外地；on occasion偶尔；on an average平均计算。‎ ‎3. The open university was started in order to help those who _____ having a university education when they were young.‎ A. stopped B. failed C. missed D. ceased ‎[答案]C. missed.‎ ‎[注释]miss doing sth.没有做某事：‎ I missed seeing the film when it was shown at school.(学校放映那部电影时，我没有能去看。)‎ ‎4. His _____of the aeroplane was correct in every detail and could really fly.‎ A. shape B. pattern C. design D. model ‎[答案]D. model.‎ ‎[注释]model此句中意为“（飞机的）模型”。‎ ‎5. If you _____ your demand, then maybe you will have more chance of getting what you want.‎ A. conduct B. dismiss C. grant D. moderate ‎[答案]D. moderate.‎ ‎[注释]moderate(=make or become less violent or extreme)节制，缓和，减轻。‎ ‎6. Don't _____ the news to the public until we give you the go-ahead (许可，准许).‎ A. release B. discard C. relieve D. retain ‎[答案]A, release.‎ ‎[注释]release(=allow news to be published)发布（新闻）：‎ Details of the scheme have not yet been released to the public.(这项计划的细节尚未向公众发布。)‎ relieve ‎1)减轻（痛苦，紧张情绪等）：‎ What will relieve a headache? This will help to relieve our hardship.‎ ‎2)使放心，使宽慰：‎ The good news relieved us, for we had been very anxious.‎ ‎3)赈济，救济：‎ The fund is for relieving distress among the flood victims.‎ ‎4)relieve...from(of)解除，免除；‎ a. This medicine will help to relieve you from your pain. b. He was relieved of his duties.‎ retain(= keep; continue to have or hold)保持，继续保有：‎ ‎1)She retains a clear memory of her schooldays.‎ ‎2)You must retain your tickets.‎ ‎7. The storm sweeping over this area now is sure to cause _____ of vegetables in the coming days.‎ A. rarity B. scarcity C. invalidity D. variety ‎[答案]B. scarcity.‎ ‎[注释]scarcity(=the state of being scarce)缺乏；不足（指原本充足之物暂时在数量上的缺乏）。例如：‎ The scarcity of fruit was caused by the drought.(水果的供应不足是干旱所引起的。)‎ rarity(=sth. uncommon, unusual or sth. valued because rare)珍稀，稀少：‎ Snow is a rarity around the equator.(雪在赤道周围是罕见之物。)‎ invalidity(=making weak by illness; not suitable for use)无效性，丧失工作能力。‎ Variety(=difference of condition or quality)变化，多样化。‎ 本题译文：目前席卷这一地区的暴风雨今后肯定会引起蔬菜短缺。‎ ‎8. Jack almost fell off the cliff, but managed to _____ until help came.‎ A. keep on B. catch on C. count on D. hang on ‎[答案]D. hang on.‎ ‎[注释]hang on(=hold fast, keep hold)牢牢抓住，抓紧不放：‎ Help! I can't hang on much longer.(救命啊！我支持不住啦。)‎ keep on(doing sth.)继续（做......）；‎ catch on 理解；‎ count on 指望，依赖。‎ 本题译文：杰克差点从悬崖上掉下来，但得以抓住不放直到得救。‎ ‎9. Experts say walking is one of the best ways for a person to _____ healthy.‎ A. preserve B. stay C. maintain D. reserve ‎[答案]B. stay.‎ ‎[注释]preserve, stay, maintain, reserve这4个词均有“保持”，“维持”之意。‎ stay后可接形容词作表语：The weather stayed wet for three days.其他3个词均为及物动词。‎ Preserve(=keep safe from decay, risk, harm, danger, going bad etc.)保存，保护：‎ ‎1)Policemen preserve order in the streets.(警察在街上维持秩序。)‎ ‎2)We must preserve our natural resources.(我们必须保护自然资源。)‎ ‎3)You paint woodwork to preserve it.(你油漆木制品以防腐烂。)‎ Maintain(=keep up)保持，维持，维修。‎ Reserve(=keep for a special purpose; store)保留，预定：‎ ‎1)I'll reserve my opinion at his time,(这时我将保留我的看法。)‎ ‎2)I'll phone up today and reserve a room.(我今天将打电话预定一个房间。)‎ 本题译文：专家们说，步行是一个人保持健康的最好方法之一。‎ ‎10. Expected noises are usually more _____ than unexpected ones of the like magnitude.‎ A. manageable B. controllable C. tolerable D. perceivable ‎[答案]C. tolerable.‎ ‎[注释]tolerable(=fairly good, not too bad)可忍受的：‎ The pain has become tolerable.‎ manageable可处理的；可管理的；controllable可控制的；perceivable可觉察的。‎ 本题译文：料想到的嗓音通常情况下比起等量的意外嗓音来说是可以忍受的。‎