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2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（湖南卷) 英语
Part I Listening Comprehension (30 marks)
Section A (22.5 marks)
Directions: In this section,you will hear six conversations between two speakers. For each conversation, there are several questions and each question is followed by three choices marked A, B and C. Listen carefully and then choose the best answer for each question.
You will hear each conversation TWICE.
Example:
When will the magazine probably arrive?
A. Wednesday. B. Thursday. C. Friday.
The answer is B.
Conversation 1
1. What will the woman do first?
A. Take a shower. B. Go camping. C. Set up a time.
2. When will the man probably call the woman?
A. Thursday. B. Friday. C. Sunday.
Conversation 2
3. What is the man going to do?
A, Have a coffee break. B. See a doctor. C. Buy a pet.
4. What happened to the man?
A. He fell ill. B. He lost his dog. C. He slept badly.
Conversation 3
5. What is the woman?
A. A bus driver. B. A waitress. C. A tour guide.
6. What does the man want to get?
A. Some gifts. B. A menu. C. A bus schedule.
Conversation 4
7. What did the man do yesterday?
A. He saw a movie. B. He watched TV. C. He visited some friends.
8. What time will the speakers probably meet this Saturday evening?
A. At 6:30. B. At 7:00. C. At 7:30.
9. Which of the following will the man buy?
A. Some drinks. B. A birthday cake. C. Concert tickets.
Conversation 5
10. What is the woman doing now?
A. She is serving a customer. B. She is conducting an interview. C. She is doing some recording.
11 .When does the man go to the nursing home?
A. Tuesdays. B. Thursdays. C. Sundays.
12. Where will the man probably be working next Monday?
A. At the airport nearby. B. In the studio next door. C. At the store downtown.
Conversation 6
13. Why does the woman call the man?
A. The oven doesn’t work. B. The heater won’t start. C. The plug is broken.
14. Who will handle the problem first tomorrow evening?
A. The woman. B. The man. C A worker.
15. Who is the woman speaking to?
A. Her husband. B. Her house owner. C. Her boss.
Section B (7.5 marks)
Directions: In this section, you will hear a short passage. Listen carefully and then Jill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Fill in each blank with NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS.
You will hear the short passage TWICE.
Voice Mail from Kelly Black
1. Call Mr. Brown to 16___ the appointment time.
2. E-mail the staff members about next week’s 17__ .
3. Ask the repairman to fix the broken 18 in the office.
4. Give a list of all the employees to the __19____owner.
5. Take 20 on the desk to the post office.
Part II Language Knowledge (45 marks)
Section A (15 marks)
Directions: For each of the following unfinished sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence.
Example:
The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket the desert,
A. covering B. covered C. cover D. to cover
The answer is A.
21. Children, when by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium.
A. to be accompanied B. to accompany C. accompanying D. accompanied
22. If Mr. Dewey _____ present, he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there.
A. were B. had been C. should be D. was
23. ____your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.
A. Understanding B. To be understood C. Being understood D. Having understood
24. As John Lennon once said, life is_____ happens to you while you are busy making other plans.
A. which B. that C. what D. where
25. — I’ve prepared all kinds of food for the picnic.
—Do you mean we_____ bring anything with us?
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. shan’t D. needn't
26. You will never gain success you are fully devoted to your work.
A. when B. because C. after D. unless
27. There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland, _____at the night sky.
A. to stare B. staring C. stared D, having stared
28. Since the time humankind started gardening, we _____to make our environment more beautiful.
A. try B. have been trying C. are trying D. will try
29. Only when you can find peace in your heart _____good relationships with others.
A. will you keep B. you will keep C. you kept D. did you keep
30. What you’re doing today important, because you’re trading a day of your life for it
A. Make B. To make C. Making D. Made
31.1 am looking forward to the day_____ my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.
A. as B. why C. when D. where
32. All we need _____ a small piece of land where we can plant various kinds of fruit trees throughout the growing seasons of the year.
A. are B. was C. is D. were
33. It’s not doing the things we like, but liking the things we have to do makes life happy.
A. that B. which C. what D. who
34. Whenever you _____ a present, you should think about it from the receiver’s point of view.
A. bought B. have bought C. will buy D. buy
35. _____ ourselves from the physical and mental tensions, we each need deep thought and inner quietness.
A. Having freed B. Freed C. To free D. Freeing
Section B (18 marks)
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
The summer before I went off to college, Mom stood me in her usual spot behind the ironing board (烫衣板)and said, “Pay attention: I’m going to teach you to iron.”
Mom clearly explained her 36 for this lesson. I was going to be 37 and needed to learn this vital skill. Also, I would be meeting new people, and properly ironed clothes would help me make a good 38 .
“Learn to iron a shirt,” Mom said, “and you can iron anything.”
But ironing shirts was not 39 work. It didn’t make use of long muscles we used to throw a baseball, and it wasn’t a 40 operation like ice-skating. Ironing was like driving a car on a street that has a stop sign every 10 feet, Moreover, an iron produced steam and it carried an element of 41 .If you touched the wrong part of it, you’d get burnt. If you forgot to turn it off when you 42 ,you might bum down the house.
As for technique, Mom 43 me to begin with the flat spaces outward, always pushing the iron forward into wrinkled (有褶皱的）parts. Collars had to be done right. Mom said they were close to your face, where everyone would 44 them.
Over the years, I’ve learned to iron shirts skillfully, which gives me a sense of 45 Whatever failures I suffer in my life, an ironed shirt tells me I am good at something. 46 ,through ironing I’ve learned the method for solving even the most troublesome problems. “ 47 wrinkles one at a time,” as Mom might have said, “and before long everything will get ironed out.”
36. A. reasons B. rules C. emotions D. methods
37. A. helpful B. confident C. powerful D. independent
38. A. conclusion B. suggestion C. impression D. observation
39. A. useful B. easy C. special D. suitable
40. A. direct B. single C. smooth D. strange
41. A. doubt B. pressure C. surprise D. danger
42. A. went away B. fell down C. jumped off D. looked up
43. A. taught B. chose C. forced D. sent
44. A. touch B. design C. see D. admire
45. A. honesty B. freedom C. justice D. pride
46. A. Instead B. Besides C. Otherwise D. However
47. A. Make up B. Deal with C Ask for D. Rely on
Section C (12 marks)
Directions: Complete the following passage by filling in each blank with one word that best fits the context
We can choose our friends, but usually we cannot choose our neighbors. However, to get a happy home life, we have to get along with 48 as well as possible.
An important quality in a neighbor is consideration for 49 . People should not do things 50 will disturb their neighbors unnecessarily. For example, television sets need not be played at full volume (音量） 51 loud pop music should not be played very late at night. By avoiding things likely to upset your neighbors, you can enjoy 52 friendly relationship with them.
An equally important quality is tolerance. Neighbors should do all they can to avoid disturbing other people, 53 there are times when some level of disturbance is unavoidable. 54 neighbors want to get along well with each other, they have to show their tolerance. In this way, everyone will live 55 peace.
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (30 marks)
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C andD. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage.
A
Want to improve your writing skills? New Writing South is directing the way!
· Towner Writer Squad (班组）for kids aged 13-17
Led by comedy and TV writer, Marian Kilpatrick, Towner Writer Squad will meet once a month at the contemporary art museum for 11 months, starting 12 October, 2014.
The FREE squad sessions will include introductions to a wide range of writing styles, from poetry to play writing and lyrics (抒情诗）to flash fiction, to support the development of young writers.
Application & Selection
If you would like to apply to be part of the Towner Writer Squad, please send a sample piece of your writing (about 500 words), responding to the title ‘LUNCH,’ with your name, age, address and e-mail address to: debo@newwritingsouth.com.
Once all applications are in, you will be invited to an open selection event on 17 September,4-5pm, at the gallery of Towner. This will be an informal opportunity to meet the Squad Leader, Squad Associate and other young people.
You will also have a chance to get to know the fantastic gallery space and get a taste of what’s to come.
Deadline for applications: 8 September, 2014
For further information go to: facebook.com/towner or towner.org.uk or newwritingsouth.com
Any questions 一 feel free to send your e-mail to Towner Writer Squad Associate: whame@towner.gov.uk
﹡ ﹡ ﹡ ﹡ ﹡ ﹡ ﹡ ﹡ ﹡
· Beginner Writing Project for kids aged 10-13
Due to popular demand, a writing project will be started for eager beginners.
Start time: 6 September, 2014
Meet every other Saturday, 2-4 pm, at the Towner Study Centre.
Study and write at your own pace—you do not have to rush—as you have a year to go through the project. Practise under the guidance of some experienced writers and teachers who can help you with basic writing skills. Most importantly, build confidence and have fun while writing!
No previous experience or special background is required. Many others have been successful this way. If they can do it, why can’t you?
Fee: £179
For more information go to: newtowner.org.uk or generate.org.uk
56. Towner Writer Squad will be started _______.
A. to train comedy and TV writers B. to explore the fantastic gallery space
C. to introduce a contemporary art museum D. to promote the development of young writers
57. To join the Writer Squad, each applicant should first _______.
A. provide a piece of their writing B. meet the Writer Squad Leader
C. offer their family information D. complete an application form
58. Applications for the Writer Squad should be e-mailed no later than _______.
A. 6 September, 2014 B. 8 September, 2014
C. 17 September, 2014 D. 12 October, 2014
59. What is most important for the beginners?
A. Practising as much as possible. B. Gaining confidence and having fun.
C. Studying and writing at their own pace. D. Learning skills from writers and teachers.
60. More information about Beginner Writing Project can be found at _______.
A. facebook.com/towner B. newwritingsouth.com
C. Newtowner.org.uk D. towner.org.uk
B
In the mid-1950s, I was a somewhat bored early-adolescent male student who believed that doing any more than necessary was wasted effort. One day, this approach threw me into embarrassment
In Mrs. Totten’s eighth-grade math class at Central Avenue School in Anderson, Indiana, we were learning to add and subtract decimals (小数).
Our teacher typically assigned daily homework, which would be recited in class the following day. On most days, our grades were based on our oral answer to homework questions.
Mrs. Totten usually walked up and down the rows of desks requesting answers from student after student in the order the questions had appeared on our homework sheets. She would start either at the front or the back of the classroom and work toward the other end.
Since I was seated near the middle of about 35 students, it was easy to figure out which questions I might have to answer. This particular time, I had completed my usual two or three problems according to my calculations.
What I failed to expect was that several students were absent, which threw off my estimate. As Mrs. Totten made her way from the beginning of the class, I desperately tried to determine which math problem I would get. I tried to work it out before she got to me, but I had brain freeze and couldn’t function.
When Mrs. Totten reached my desk, she asked what answer I’d got for problem No. 14. “I…I didn’t get anything,” I answered, and my face felt warm.
“Correct,” she said.
It turned out that the correct answer was zero.
What did I learn that day? First, always do all your homework. Second, in real life it isn’t always what you say but how you say it that matters. Third, I would never make it as a mathematician.
If I could choose one school day that taught me the most, it would be that one.
61. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 1 indicate?
A. It is wise to value one’s time. B. It is important to make an effort
C. It is right to stick to one’s belief. D. It is enough to do the necessary.
62. Usually, Mrs. Totten asked her students to _______.
A. recite their homework together B. grade their homework themselves
C. answer their homework questions orally D. check the answers to their homework questions
63. The author could work out which questions to answer since the teacher always _______.
A. asked questions in a regular way B. walked up and down when asking questions
C. chose two or three questions for the students D. requested her students to finish their usual questions
64. The author failed to get the questions he had expected because _______.
A. the class didn’t begin as usual B. several students didn’t come to school
C. he didn’t try hard to make his estimate D. Mrs. Totten didn’t start from the back of the class
65. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A. An Unforgettable Teacher B. A Future Mathematician
C. An Effective Approach D. A Valuable Lesson
C
The behaviour of a building’s users may be at least as important as its design when it comes to energy use, according to new research from the UK Energy Research Centre (UKERC). The UK promises to reduce its carbon emissions (排放）by 80 percent by 2050, part of which will be achieved by all new homes being zero-carbon by 2016. But this report shows that sustainable building design on its own — though extremely important- is not enough to achieve such reductions: the behaviour of the people using the building has to change too.
The study suggests that the ways that people use and live in their homes have been largely ignored by existing efforts to improve energy efficiency (效率), which instead focus on architectural and technological developments.
‘Technology is going to assist but it is not going to do everything,’ explains Katy Janda, a UKERC senior researcher, ‘consumption patterns of building users can defeat the most careful design.’ In other words, old habits die hard, even in the best-designed eco-home.
Another part of the problem is information. Households and bill-payers don’t have the knowledge they need to change their energy-use habits. Without specific information, it’s hard to estimate the costs and benefits of making different choices. Feedback (反馈） facilities, like smart meters and energy monitors, could help bridge this information gap by helping people see how changing their behaviour directly affects their energy use; some studies have shown that households can achieve up to 15 percent energy savings using smart meters.
Social science research has added a further dimension (方面）,suggesting that individuals’ behaviour in the home can be personal and cannot be predicted 一 whether people throw open their windows rather than turn down the thermostat (恒温器) , for example.
Janda argues that education is the key. She calls for a focused programme to teach people about buildings and their own behaviour in them.
66. As to energy use, the new research from UKERC stresses the importance of________.
A. zero-carbon homes B. the behaviour of building users
C. sustainable building design D. the reduction of carbon emissions
67. The underlined word “which” in Paragraph 2 refers to”________.”
A. the ways B. their homes
C. developments D. existing efforts
68. What are Katy Janda’s words mainly about?
A. The importance of changing building users, habits.
B. The necessity of making a careful building design.
C. The variety of consumption patterns of building users.
D. The role of technology in improving energy efficiency.
69. The information gap in energy use _______.
A. can be bridged by feedback facilities B. affects the study on energy monitors
C. brings about problems for smart meters D. will be caused by building users’ old habits
70. What does the dimension added by social science research suggest?
A. The social science research is to be furthered. B. The education programme is under discussion.
C. The behaviour of building users is unpredictable. D. The behaviour preference of building users is similar.
Part IV Writing (45 marks)
Section A (10 marks)
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the numbered blanks by using the information from the passage.
Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
Many of us invest valuable time, energy and money planning our vacations. We do this because we know for sure that going on vacations must be good for us. Research proves this feeling without a doubt. Vacations help us perform better at work, improve our sleep quality and cushion us against depression.
Yet, despite these benefits, many of us return home with a feeling that our last vacation was OK - but not great. In order to change this, some mistakes should be avoided. A classic one for vacation planners is attempting to maximize value for money by planning trips that have too many components (组成部分)• Perhaps you’re planning a trip to Europe, seven cities in 10 days, and you realize it will cost only a little more to add two more destinations to the list Sounds fine in theory, but hopping from one place to the next hardly gives an opportunity to experience what psychologists call mindfulness - time to take in our new surroundings, time to be present and absorb our travel experiences. Another mistake is that we worry too much about strategic issues such as how to find a good flight deal, how to get from A to B, or which destinations to add or subtract from our journey. These issues may seem important, but our psychological state of mind is far more important.
Actually, vacation happiness is based on the following top rules. First, choose your travel companions wisely, because nothing contributes more significantly to a trip than the right companions. Second, don’t spend your vacation time in a place where everything is too expensive so as to maintain a positive mood. Third, shop wisely, for meaningful experiences provide more long-term happiness than physical possessions.
Section B (10 marks)
Directions: Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage.
Kids and Ponds
Years ago there was a group of kids who would hang around at some local ponds in the woods near their houses in Warwick, Rhode Island. In summer they caught frogs and fish. When winter arrived they couldn’t wait to go skating. Time passed, and the ponds became the only open space for the kids to enjoy themselves in that neighborhood.
One day, a thirteen-year-old boy from this group of kids read in the local newspaper that a developer wanted
to fill in the ponds and build over a hundred small houses called condominiums. So the boy went door to door and gathered more than two hundred signatures (签名）to stop the development A group of citizens met and decided to support him.
At the meeting of the town planning board (委员会),the boy was quite nervous at first and spoke very softly. But when he saw the faces of his friends and neighbors in the crowd and thought about what was happening to their favorite ponds, his voice grew louder. He told the town officials that they should speak for the citizens. He also insisted that they should leave enough space for children. A few days later, the developer stopped his plan.
Nine years later, when that teen was a senior in college, he was informed that the developer was back with his proposal to build condominiums. Now twenty-two years old, he was studying wetlands ecology. He again appeared before the town planning board. This time as an expert witness, he used environmental protection laws to explain restrictions on development in and around wetlands and the knowledge of wetlands ecology to help improve the development. Finally some condominiums were built, but less than half the number the developer wanted. The ponds where those kids used to hang around were protected by a strip of natural land, and are still there today.
81. What did the kids like to do at the local ponds in winter?
(No more than 6 words) (2 marks)
_______________________________________________________________________________
82. How did the boy win the citizens’ support?
(No more than 10 words) (2 marks)
_______________________________________________________________________________
83. What did the boy tell the town officials?
(No more than 16 words) (3 marks)
_______________________________________________________________________________
84. What helped the boy to protect the ponds successfully nine years later?
(No more than 12 words) (3 marks)
_______________________________________________________________________________
Section C (25 marks)
Directions: Write an English composition according to the instructions given below.
学校正在组织科技创新大赛,你想为日常生活中某件物品（如钢笔、书包、鞋子……)设计添加新功能来参赛。请以“My Magic ”为题写~篇英语短文，介绍你的创意。
内容：
1.说明设计理由；
2.介绍新功能。
注意:
1.词数不少于120个；
2.不能使用真实姓名和学校名称。
2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(湖南卷) 英 语
PartⅠ Listening Comprehension (30 marks)
Section A (22.5 marks)
Directions: In this section, you will hear six conversations between two speakers. For each conversation, there are several questions and each question is followed by three choices marked A, B and C. Listen carefully and then choose the best answer for each question. You will hear each conversation TWICE.
Conversation 1
1. Where is the man going?
A. Kennedy. B. London. C. New York.
2. When should the man arrive at the airport?
A. By 8:15. B. By 9:00. C. By 9:25.
Conversation 2
3. What is the woman doing?
A. Taking a taxi. B. Doing shopping. C. Waiting for the man.
4. Where are the two speakers going to meet?
A. At home. B. In a shop. C. In a restaurant.
Conversation 3
5. What is the woman looking for?
A. A pan. B. Carrots. C. Tomatoes.
6. What will the speakers probably have tonight?
A. French fries. B. Noodles. C. Fried chicken.
Conversation 4
7. What will the project focus on?
A. A dog. B. A fish. C. A cat.
8. What can we know about John?
A. He has conducted the survey.
B. He is making cards now.
C. He will do the introduction.
9. Who can handle the summarizing?
A. Carol. B. Tom. C. Mary.
Conversation 5
10. What can we know about the woman’s vacation?
A. She will stay on the beaches.
B. She will go camping in the jungle.
C. She will spend 3 weeks in South Africa.
11. Which does the woman need to bring?
A. A map. B. A tent. C. Some clothes.
12. Who will prepare the meals?
A. The man. B. The guide. C. The woman.
Conversation 6
13. What are the two speakers doing?
A. Discussing a lecture. B. Visiting a museum. C. Attending a party.
14. Which job has Jane applied for?
A. Salesgirl. B. Waitress. C. Volunteer.
15. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?
A. Teacher and student. B. Father and daughter. C. Classmates.
Section B (7.5 marks)
Directions: In this section, you will hear a short passage. Listen carefully and then fill in the numbered
blanks with the information you have heard. Fill in each blank with NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS.
You will hear the short passage TWICE.
How to Speak English 16. ___________
I. Speak often
The more often you speak, the 17. ___________ it becomes
II. Relax & 18. ___________ the message
● Don’t focus on the grammar rules only.
● Talk about something 19. ___________.
III. Practise what you want to say
Speak to 20. ___________ a few times.
Part II Language Knowledge (45 marks)
Section A (15 marks)
Directions: For each of the following unfinished sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence.
21. Happiness and success often come to those ________ are good at recognizing their own strengths.
A. whom B. who C. what D. which
22. “What do you want to be?” asked Mrs. Crawford. “Oh, I ________ president,” said the boy, with a smile.
A. have been B. am C. was D. will be
23. You must learn to consult your feelings and your reason ________ you reach any decision.
A. although B. before C. because D. unless
24. Around two o’clock every night, Sue will start talking in her dream. It somewhat ________ us.
A. bothers B. had bothered C. would bother D. bothered
25. The sun began to rise in the sky, ________ the mountain in golden light.
A. bathed B. bathing C. to have bathed D. have bathed
26. If nothing ________, the oceans will turn into fish deserts.
A. does B. had been done C. will do D. is done
27. — Have you heard about the recent election?
— Sure, it ________ the only thing on the news for the last three days.
A. would be B. is C. has been D. will be
28. Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell ________ close you may be to victory.
A. how B. that C. which D. where
29. You cannot accept an opinion ________ to you unless it is based on facts.
A. offering B. to offer C. having offered D. offered
30. Every day ________ a proverb aloud several times until you have it memorized.
A. read B. reading C. to read D. reads
31. _______ warm at night, I would fill the woodstove, then set my alarm clock for midnight so I could refill it.
A. Staying B. Stayed C. To stay D. Stay
32. He ________ sleep, although he tried to, when he got on such a hunt for an idea until he had caught it.
A. wouldn’t B. shouldn’t C. couldn’t D. mustn’t
33. The university estimates that living expenses for international students ________ around $8,450 a year, which ________ a burden for some of them.
A. are；is B. are；are C. is；are D. is；is
34. — I don’t understand why you didn’t go to the lecture yesterday afternoon.
—I’m so sorry. But I _______ my homework.
A. had done B. was doing C. would do D. am doing
35. Not once ________ to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class.
A. occurred it B. it did occur C. it occurred D. did it occur
Section B (18 marks)
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
When I was 8 years old, I once decided to run away from home. With my suitcase 36 and some sandwiches in a bag, I started for the front door and said to Mom, “I’m leaving.”
“If you want to 37 , that’s all right,” she said. “But you came into this home without anything and you can leave the same way.” I 38 my suitcase and sandwiches on the floor heavily and started for the door again.
“Wait a minute,” Mom said. “I want your 39 back. You didn’t wear anything when you arrived.” This really angered me. I tore my clothes off—shoes, socks, underwear and all—and 40 , “Can I go now?” “Yes,” Mom answered, “but once you close that door, don’t expect to come back.”
I was so 41 that I slammed (砰地关上) the door and stepped out on the front porch. 42 I realized that I was outside, with nothing on. Then I noticed that down the street, two neighbor girls were walking toward our house. I ran to 43 behind a big tree in our yard at once. After a while, I was 44 the girls had passed by. I dashed to the front door and banged on it loudly.
“Who’s there?” I heard.
“It’s Billy! Let me in!”
The voice behind the 45 answered, “Billy doesn’t live here anymore. He ran away from home.” Glancing behind me to see if anyone else was coming, I begged, “Aw, c’mon, Mom! I’m 46 your son. Let me in!”
The door inched open and Mom’s smiling face appeared. “Did you change your 47 about running away?” she asked.
“What’s for supper?” I answered. (277 words)
36. A. packed B. returned C. cleaned D. repaired
37. A. drop out B. go by C. move around D. run away
38. A. pressed B. shook C. threw D. pulled
39. A. bag B. clothes C. sandwiches D. suitcase
40. A. explained B. suggested C. continued D. shouted
41. A. angry B. sorry C. frightened D. ashamed
42. A. Certainly B. Naturally C. Suddenly D. Possibly
43. A. play B. hide C. rest D. wave
44. A. sure B. proud C. eager D. curious
45. A. house B. tree C. door D. yard
46. A. also B. still C. even D. already
47. A. conclusion B. promise C. concern D. decision
Section C (12 marks)
Directions: Complete the following passage by filling in each blank with one word that best fits the context.
When kids in parts of the world want to play, they often make soccer balls out of trash tied together with string. “ 48 the areas used for playing fields are often rough and rocky, millions of real balls go flat (变瘪) 49 24 hours,” says Tim Jahnigen, a California businessman. Determined to solve this problem, 50 created an
indestructible ball called the One World Futbol.
The ball is made of 51 special material, ethylene-vinyl acetate foam. It’s lightweight, it’s flexible, and— 52 important—it holds its shape.
The One World Futbol needs no pump 53 won’t wear out, even on rough surfaces. When tested, 54 withstood (经受住) being crushed by a car, and even being chewed on by a lion.
Although it costs more to produce 55 a typical soccer ball, Jahnigen estimates the One World Futbol can last 30 years. So far, it’s been given to kids in 143 countries. (154 words)
Part III Reading Comprehension (30 marks)
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage.
A
Planning a visit to the UK? Here we help with ways to cut your costs.
AVOID BIG EVENTS Big sporting events, concerts and exhibitions can increase the cost of accommodation and make it harder to find a room. A standard double room at the Thistle Brighton on the final Friday of the Brighton Comedy Festival (19 Oct.) cost £169.15 at Booking.com. A week later, the same room cost £118.15.
If you can be flexible and want to know dates to avoid—or you’re looking for a big event to pass your time—check out sites such as Whatsonwhen.com, which allow you to search for events in the UK by city, date and category.
STAYAWAY FROM THE STATION If traveling to your destination by train, you may want to find a good base close to the station, but you could end up paying more for the sake of convenience at the start of your holiday.
Don’t be too choosy about the part of town you stay in. Booking two months in advance, the cheapest room at Travelodge’s Central Euston hotel in London for Saturday 22 September was £95.95. A room just a tube journey away at its Covent Garden hotel was £75.75. And at Farringdon, a double room cost just £62.95.
LOOK AFTER YOURSELF Really central hotels in cities such as London, Edinburgh and Cardiff can cost a fortune, especially at weekends and during big events. As an alternative consider checking into a self-catering flat with its own kitchen. Often these flats are hidden away on the top floors of city centre buildings. A great example is the historic O’Neill Flat on Edinburgh’s Royal Mile, available for £420 for five days in late September, with room for four adults.
GET ON A BIKE London’s ‘Boris bikes’ have attracted the most attention, but other cities also have similar programmes that let you rent a bicycle and explore at your own pace, saving you on public transport or car parking costs.
Among the smaller cities with their own programmes are Newcastle (casual members pay around £1.50 for two hours) and Cardiff (free for up to 30 minutes, or £5 per day). (358 words)
56. The Brighton Comedy Festival is mentioned mainly to show big events may __________.
A. help travelers pass time B. attract lots of travelers to the UK
C. allow travelers to make flexible plans D. cause travelers to pay more for accommodation
57. “Farringdon” in Paragraph 5 is most probably __________.
A. a hotel away from the train station B. the tube line to Covent Garden
C. an ideal holiday destination D. the name of a travel agency
58. The passage shows that the O’Neill Flat __________.
A. lies on the ground floor B. is located in central London
C. provides cooking facilities for tourists D. costs over £100 on average per day in late September
59. Cardiff’s program allows a free bike for a maximum period of __________.
A. half an hour B. one hour
C. one hour and a half D. two hours
60. The main purpose of the passage is __________.
A. to tell visitors how to book in advance B. to supply visitors with hotel information
C. to show visitors the importance of self-help D. to offer visitors some money-saving tips
B
In my living room, there is a plaque (匾) that advises me to “Bloom (开花) where you are planted.” It reminds me of Dorothy. I got to know Dorothy in the early 1980s, when I was teaching Early Childhood Development through a program with Union College in Barbourville, Kentucky. The job responsibilities required occasional visits to the classroom of each teacher in the program. Dorothy stands out in my memory as one who “bloomed” in her remote area.
Dorothy taught in a school In Harlan County, Kentucky, Appalachian Mountain area. To get to her school from the town of Harlan, I followed a road winding around the mountain. In the eight-mile journey, I crossed the same railroad track five times, giving the possibility of getting caught by the same train five times. Rather than feeling excited by this drive through the mountains, I found it depressing. The poverty level was shocking and the small shabby houses gave me the greatest feeling of hopelessness.
From the moment of my arrival at the little school, all gloom (忧郁) disappeared. Upon arriving at Dorothy’s classroom. I was greeted with smiling faces and treated like a queen. The children had been prepared to show me their latest projects. Dorothy told me with a big smile that they were serving poke greens salad and cornbread for “dinner” (lunch). In case you don’t know, poke greens are a weed-type plant that grows wild, especially on poor ground.
Dorothy never ran out of reports of exciting activities of her students. Her enthusiasm never cooled down. When it came time to sit for the testing and interviewing required to receive her Child Development Associate Certification, Dorothy was ready. She came to the assessment and passed in all areas. Afterward, she invited me to the one-and-only steak house in the area to celebrate her victory, as if she had received her Ph. D. degree. After the meal, she placed a little box containing an old pen in my hand. She said it was a family heirloom (传家宝), but to me it is a treasured symbol of appreciation and pride that cannot be matched with things. (360 words)
61. “Early Childhood Development” in Paragraph 1 refers to __________.
A. a program directed by Dorothy B. a course given by the author
C. an activity held by the students D. an organization sponsored by Union college
62. In the journey, the author was most disappointed at seeing __________.
A. the long track B. the poor houses
C. the same train D. the winding road
63. Upon arriving at the classroom, the author was cheered up by __________.
A. a warm welcome B. the sight of poke greens
C. Dorothy’s latest projects D. a big dinner made for her
64. What can we know about Dorothy from the last paragraph?
A. She was invited to a celebration at a restaurant. B. She got a pen as a gift from the author.
C. She passed the required assessment. D. She received her Ph. D. degree.
65. What does the author mainly intend to tell us?
A. Whatever you do, you must do it carefully. B. Whoever you are, you deserve equal treatment.
C. However poor you are, you have the right to education.
D. Wherever you are, you can accomplish your achievement.
C
It’s such a happy-looking library, painted yellow, decorated with palm-tree stickers and sheltered from the Florida sun by its own roof. About the size of a microwave oven, it’s pedestrian-friendly, too, waiting for book lovers next to a sidewalk in Palm Beach country Estates, along the northern boundary of Palm Beach Gardens.
It’s a library built with love.
A year ago, shortly after Janey Henriksen saw a Brian Williams report about the Little Free Library organization, a Wisconsin-based nonprofit that aims to promote literacy and build a sense of community in a neighborhood by making books freely available, she announced to her family of four, “That’s what we’re going to do for our spring break!”
Son Austin, now a 10th-grader, didn’t see the point of building a library that resembles a mailbox. But Janey insisted, and husband Peter unwillingly got to work. The 51-year-old owner of a ship supply company modified a small wooden house that he’d built years earlier for daughter Abbie’s toy horses, and made a door of glass.
After adding the library’s final touches (装点), the family hung a signboard on the front, instructing users to “take a book, return a book,” and making the Henriksen library, now one of several hundred like it nationwide and among more than 2,500 in the world, the only Little Free Library in Palm Beach County.
They stocked it with 20 or so books they’d already read, a mix of science fiction, reference titles, novels and kids’ favorites. “I told them, keep in mind that you might not see it again,” said Janey, a stay-at-home mom.
Since then, the collection keeps replenishing (补充) itself, thanks to ongoing donations from borrowers. The library now gets an average of five visits a day.
The project’s best payoff, says Peter, are the thank-you notes left behind. “We had no idea in the beginning that it would be so popular.” (317 words)
66. In what way is the library “pedestrian-friendly”?
A. It owns a yellow roof. B. It stands near a sidewalk.
C. It protects book lovers from the sun. D. It uses palm-tree stickers as decorations.
67. Janey got the idea to build a library from __________.
A. a visit to Brian Williams B. a spring break with her family
C. a book sent by one of her neighbors D. a report on a Wisconsin-based organization
68. The library was built __________.
A. by a ship supply company B. on the basis of toy horses
C. like a mailbox D. with glass
69. What can we infer about the signboard?
A. It was made by a user of the library. B. It marked a final touch to the library.
C. It aimed at making the library last long. D. It indicated the library was a family property.
70. The passage tells us that the users __________.
A. donate books to the library B. get paid to collect books for the library
C. receive thank-you notes for using the library
D. visit the library over 5 times on average daily
Part IV Writing (45 marks)
Section A (10 marks)
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the numbered blanks by using the information from the passage. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
While there is no widely accepted definition of MOOCs, their key features are open access：they are currently free to participants, no entry qualifications are required, they support an unlimited number of participants and as yet, very few include any form of accreditation (认证).
Currently offered by some famous universities, MOOCs are attractive to people who do not have the financial resources to meet the growing costs of university education, or who do not have formal qualifications. They also allow participants to study at their own pace.
The potential for MOOCs to deliver education is obviously vast—they could be considered as a huge step forwards in widening participation. They also have the potential to provide a unique window on universities that
offer popular and valuable courses, they may attract some participants to register for formal fee-paying programmes at the same or other universities and are likely to promote new ways of on-line education.
However, it is still very early days for MOOCs. The quality of the education provision is highly variable, with many courses offering only recordings of lectures, and delivery is particularly difficult in some special fields that require practical classes, research projects or extensive library access. Besides, wider engagement with participants requires very considerable resource. Even limited feedback or examination becomes a major task if there are several thousand students in the class.
Considering the challenges, some people argue MOOCs will soon evaporate (蒸发). But they certainly provide good opportunity for widening higher education, are a means of raising awareness of universities to audiences of tens or hundreds of thousands, and are well worthy of serious consideration. (271 words)
● free participation at present
● 72. _________ for entry qualifications
● support of countless participants
● rare inclusion of accreditation
● being attractive to people
» who 73. _________ university education or
» who have 74. _________
● being flexible in the study pace
● widening participation significantly
● 76. _________ a unique window on universities
● attracting students to register for formal progarmmes
● promoting on-line education
Key features
Attractions
75. _________
77. _________
● highly variable quality of the education provision
● 78. _________ of some special courses
● demand for very considerable resource
The future
● uncertainty
» possibly 79._________
● certainty
» widening higher education
» raising awareness of universities
» being well worth 80. _________ seriously
Title：
71. _____
Section B (10 marks)
Directions: Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage.
“Let’s Talk”：The Free Advice Project
A few weeks ago, I took a walk around Washington Square Park. I met all the usual people：street performers, the Pigeon Guy, a group of guitarists singing in harmony. But off to the side, sitting on a bench was a woman doing something vastly different—giving free advice.
A week or two later, I set up an interview with her and we discussed her project at length.
Lisa Podell, 32, started the Free Advice Project this past May. It began as an experiment; she sat in Washington Square Park for a day with a sign that read “Free Advice” as a simple way to reach out to people. Podell was astonished at the strong response.
Podell admits that she was doubtful at first, but now she describes the project as mutually (相互地) beneficial. People learn from her—but she also learns from them. She says that the majority of those who come to her are dealing with some pretty heavy issues, and they expect her not only to listen, but also provide real answers.
Having worked as a full time teacher and now as an adolescent advisor, Podell believes that talking things out is an important in the decision-making process.
Sometimes, people walk around all day, keeping their problems in their own head and thinking about them in the same way. Podell simply strives to provide people with perspective.
I asked if there is a future plan for the Free Advice Project. Podell said she would like to promote it to each public space in New York, which would be carried out by various volunteers across the city.
It was truly inspiring to meet someone with such a big heart, especially in New York—where it is sometimes very hard to find anybody to listen. (303 words)
81. In what way was Podell different from other people in the park? (No more than 6 words) (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
82. What do people in need expect Podell to do? (No more than 10 words) (3 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
83. According to Podell, what should people do when making decisions?
(No more than 6 words) (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
84. How would Podell promote her project in New York? (No more than 15 words) (3 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
Section C (25 marks)
Directions: Write an English composition according to the instructions given below.
请以下列词语为关键词写一篇英语短文。
match winner loser result
内容：
1．自己或他人的一次经历；
2．你的感受。
注意：
1．必须使用所给4个关键词；
2．词数不少于120个；
3．不能使用真实姓名和学校名称。
2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（湖南卷）
英 语
PartⅠ Listening Comprehension(30 marks)
Section A （22.5 marks）
Directions: In this section, you will hear six conversations between two speakers. For each conversation, there are several questions and each question is followed by three choices marked
A, B and C. Listen carefully and then choose the best answer for each question.
You will hear each conversation TWICE.
Example:
When will the magazine probably arrive?
A. Wednesday B. Thursday C. Friday
The answer is B.
Conversation 1
1. When does the woman finish work?
A. At 6:00 B. At 7:00 C. At 8:00
2. What is the man going to do tonight?
A. See his parents B. Watch a new movie C. Go for an appointment
Conversation 2
3. Where does the man play tennis?
A. At the university B. At the club C. At the community center
4. How often does the woman swim?
A. Once a week B. Three times a week C. Five times a week
Conversation 3
5. What is the man doing?
A. Getting dressed B. Having an interview C. Celebrating a birthday
6. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?
A. Parent and child B. Husband and wife C. Customer and saleswoman
Conversation 4
7. Why did the man come back late ?
A. He went to the bar. B. He met his teacher. C. He played basketball.
8. What did the woman do this morning?
A. She took a physics test. B. She had a meeting C. She held a party
9. What will the woman probably do after the conversation?
A. See her friends B. Go to the school C. Prepare dinner
Conversation 5
10. Where did the woman grow up?
A. In Switzerland. B. In the UK. C. In France.
11. Which of the following does the woman like best about Weybridge?
A. Its scenery B. Its people C. Its facilities
12. What does the man do?
A. A teacher B. A host C. A tour guide
Conversation 6
13. Why is the woman upset?
A. The man didn’t apologize B. The man didn’t turn up. C. The man didn’t call.
14. Who is the man speaking to?
A. A waitress. B. A professor C. A doctor
15. When will the two speakers see each other?
A. On Tuesday B. On Thursday C. On Friday
Section B（7.5 marks）
Directions: In this section, you will hear a short passage. Listen carefully and then fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Fill in each blank with NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS. You will hear the short passage TWICE
School Library
Locations
and resources
·1st floor: 80,000 books
·2nd floor: 16 kind of newspapers and magazines
Rules
·Books for lending can be kept for a 17 by full-time students.
· 18 books, newspapers and magazines can never be taken out.
Opening time
·All day long
·All year round except Christmas Day and 19
Access
·By 20
Part Ⅱ Language Knowledge (45 marks)
Section A (15 marks)
Directions: For each of the following unfinished sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence.
Example:
The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket _____ the desert.
A. covering B. covered C. cover D. to cover
The answer is A.
21. We’ve had a good start, but next, more work needs _____ to achieve the final success.
A. being done B. do C. to be done D. to do
22. Don’t worry. The hard work that you do now _____ later in life.
A. will be repaid B. was being repaid C. has been repaid D. was repaid
23. Time, _____ correctly, is money in the bank.
A. to use B. used C. using D. use
24. Bicycling is good exercise; _________, it does not pollute the air.
A. nevertheless B. besides C. otherwise D. therefore
25. Close the door of fear behind you, and you _____ the door of faith open before you.
A. saw B. have seen C. will see D. are seeing
26. Everyone in the village is very friendly. It doesn’t matter ___ you have lived there for a short or a long time.
A. why B. how C. whether D. when
27. “The moment _____ soon,” he thought to himself, waiting nervously.
A. came B. has come C. was coming D. is coming
28. _____ I always felt I would pass the exam, I never thought I would get an A.
A. While B. Once C. If D. Until
29. Sorry, I am too busy now. If I _____ time, I would certainly go for an outing with you.
A. have had B. had had C. have D. had
30. It was not until I came here ___ I realized this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather.
A. who B. that C. where D. before
31. The lecture, _____ at 7:00 pm last night, was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes.
A. starting B. being started C. to start D. to be started
32. _____ hard you try, it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.
A. However B. Whatever C. Whichever D. Whenever
33. — I remember you were a talented pianist at college. Can you play the piano for me?
— Sorry, I _____ the piano for years.
A. don’t play B. wasn’t playing C. haven’t played D. hadn’t played
34. Care of the soul is a gradual process _____ even the small details of life should be considered.
A. what B. in what C. which D. in which
35. All the scientific evidence _____ that increasing use of chemicals in farming _______ damaging our health.
A. show; are B. shows; are C. show; is D. shows; is
Section B (18 marks)
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
“What’s it like to have a gap between your teeth?” a girl asked me one day.
Nobody had ever 36 before. My hand unconsciously rose to cover my mouth. But, as she looked at me, sincerely waiting for 37 , I realized she was not trying to be rude. “I never think about it,” I truthfully replied. She nodded and turned away. I was left wondering if people 38 me and saw only gappy teeth.
Later that day at home, I began to 39 my teeth again. I felt upset. I thought my life would be somehow better if my teeth were not gappy. How I wanted the perfect teeth that everyone else seemed to have!
Of course, Mom 40 everything. She has lived her entire life with gappy teeth, and tried to convince me that there was nothing to 41 . When I refused to listen, she told me I could get the surgery to close the gap if it was that important. “Let’s be 42 though,” she said. “If everyone got surgeries to become pretty, everyone would be exactly the same. There is beauty in differences.”
Her 43 made me consider my teeth seriously. The thought of losing my gap was more terrible than the reality that people were going to notice it. I realized how important it was to me. It is part of my 44 .
Nowadays many people do ridiculous things to realize their dream of “perfection.” The 45 is that no one is perfect. When all potential for ugliness is removed, so is all of the potential for 46 .
So if that girl ever asked about my teeth 47 . I would truthfully answer. “You know? It’s really cute.”
36. A. faced B. guessed C. asked D. imagined
37. A. an offer B. an answer C. a suggestion D. a result
38. A. heard of B. thought of C. talked about D. looked at
39. A. consider B. brush C. cover D. appreciate
40. A. admitted B. noticed C. controlled D. changed
41. A. worry about B. put off C. give up D. wipe out
42. A. friendly B. lovely C. honest D. helpful
43. A. words B. jokes C. dreams D. acts
44. A. ability B. decision C. goal D. identity
45. A. possibility B. purpose C. truth D. choice
46. A. courage B. wisdom C. kindness D. beauty
47. A. once B. again C. too D. instead
Section C (12 marks)
Directions: Complete the following passage by filling in each blank with one word that best fits the context.
Keeping in touch with our friends is an important part of friendship. This does not mean that 48 have to write or call our friends every day. It does mean, however, that we 49 care enough about our friends to find out how they are doing from time to time.
People have different habits about keeping in touch with others. Some like to call their friends, sometimes many times 50 day. Others prefer to e-mail their friends. Still 51 prefer writing letters so that they can include photos or interesting articles 52 the envelopes along with their letters. Some even write postcards while they are on vacation 53 send them to friends.
Every kind of communication is important. It is 54 important what kind of call we make or letter we send. 55 is important is that we let others know we care about them.
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (30 marks)
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished .statements For each of them there are four chokes marked A. B. C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage.
A
What makes a gift special? Is it the price you see on the gift receipt? Or is it the look on the recipient’s face when they receive it that determines the true value? What gift is worth the most?
This Christmas I was debating what to give my father. My dad is a hard person to buy for because he never wants anything. I pulled out my phone to read a text message from my mom saying that we were leaving for Christmas shopping for him when I came across a message on my phone that I had locked. The message was from my father. My eyes fell on a photo of a flower taken in Wyoming, and underneath a poem by William Blake. The flower, a lone dandelion standing against the bright blue sky, inspired me. My dad had been reciting those words to me since I was a kid. That may even be the reason why I love writing. I decided that those words would be my gift to my father.
I called back. I told my mom to go without me and that I already created my gift. I sent the photo of the cream-colored flower to my computer and typed the poem on top of it. As I was arranging the details another poem came to mind. The poem was written by Edgar Allan Poe; my dad recited it as much as he did the other. I typed that out as well and searched online for a background to the words of it. The poem was focused around dreaming, and after searching I found the perfect picture. The image was painted with blues and greens and purples, twisting together to create the theme and wonder of a dream. As I watched both poems passing through the printer, the white paper coloring with words that shaped my childhood. I felt that this was a gift that my father would truly appreciate.
Christmas soon arrived. The minute I saw the look on my dad’s face as he unwrapped those swirling black letters carefully placed in a cheap frame, I knew I had given the perfect gift.
56. The idea for a special gift began to form when the author was ________.
A. doing shopping B. having a debate
C. reading a message D. leaving for Wyoming
57. The author’s inspiration for the gift came from ________.
A. a photo of a flower B. a story about a kid
C. a call from the mother D. a text about Christmas
58. The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refers to a poem by ________.
A. the father B. the author C. William Blake D. Edgar Allan Poe
59. The author made the gift by _________.
A. searching for the poems online B. drawing the background by hand
C. painting the letters in three colors D. matching the words with pictures
60. What is the main purpose of the passage?
A. To show how to design images for gifts. B. To suggest making gifts from one's heart.
C. To explain how computers help create gifts. D. To describe the gifts the author has received
B
Still seeking a destination for your weekend break? There are some places which are probably a mere walk away from your college.
King’s Art Centre
A day at the Centre could mean a visit to an exhibition of the work of one of the most interesting contemporary artists on show anywhere. This weekend tees the opening of an exhibition of four local artists.
You could attend a class teaching you how to “learn from the masters” or get more creative with paint—free of charge.
The Centre also runs two life drawing classes for which there is a small fee.
The Botanic Garden
The Garden has over 8,000 plant species; it holds the research and teaching collection of living plants for Cambridge University.
The multi-branched Torch Aloe here is impressive. The African plant produces red flowers above blue-green leaves, and is not one to miss.
Get to the display house to see Dionaea muscipula, a plant more commonly known as the Venus Flytrap that feeds on insects and other small animals.
The Garden is also a place for wildlife-enthusiasts. Look for grass snakes in the lake. A snake called “Hissing Sid” is regularly seen lying in the heat of the warm sun.
Byron’s Pool
Many stories surround Lord Byron’s time as a student of Cambridge University, Arriving in 1805, he wrote a letter complaining that it was a place of “mess and drunkenness”. However, it seems as though Byron did manage to pass the time pleasantly enough. I'm not just talking about the pet bear he kept in his roans. He spent a great deal of time walking in the village.
It is also said that on occasion Byron swam naked by moonlight in the lake, which is now known as Byron’s Pool. A couple of miles past Grantchester in the south Cambridgeshire countryside, the pool is surrounded by beautiful circular paths around the fields. The cries of invisible birds make the trip a lovely experience and on the way home you can drop into the village for afternoon tea. If you don’t trust me, then perhaps you’ll take it from Virginia Woolf—over a century after Byron, she reportedly took a trip to swim in the same pool.
61. As mentioned in the passage, there is a small charge for _______.
A. attending the masters’ class B. working with local artists
C. learning life drawing D. seeing an exhibition
62. “Torch Aloe” and “Venus Flytrap” are _________.
A. common insects B. impressive plants
C. rarely-seen snakes D. wildlife-enthusiasts
63. We can infer from the passage that Byron seemed _________.
A. to fear pet bears B. to like walking
C. to be a heavy drinker D. to finish university in 1805
64. In the passage Byron's Pool is described as a lake _________.
A. surrounded by fields B. owned by Lord Byron
C. located in Grantchester D. discovered by Virginia Woolf
65. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Some places for weekend break B. A way to become creative in art.
C. The colourful life in the countryside. D. Unknown stories of Cambridge University.
C
Harvard researchers have created a tough, low-cost, biodegradable (可生物降解的) material inspired by insects’ hard outer shells. The material's inventors say it has a number of possible uses and someday could provide a more environmentally friendly alternative to plastic. The material, made from shrimp (虾) shells and proteins produced from silk, is called “shrilk.” It is thin, clear, flexible and strong.
A major benefit of the material is its biodegradability. Plastic’s toughness and flexibility represented a revolution in materials science during the 1950s and ’60s. Decades later, however, plastic’s very durability (耐用性) is raising questions about how appropriate it is for one-time products such as plastic bags, or short-lived consumer goods, used in the home for a few years and then cast into a landfill where they will degrade for
centuries. What is the point of making something that lasts 1,000 years?
Shrilk not only will degrade in a landfill, but its basic components are used as fertilizer (肥料), and so will enrich the soil.
Shrilk has great potential, the inventors said. Materials from which it is made are plentiful in nature, found in everything ranging from shrimp shells, insect bodies to living plants. That makes shrilk low cost, and its mass production possible should it be used for products demanding a lot of material.
Work on shrilk is continuing in the lab. The inventors said the material becomes flexible when wet, so they’re exploring ways to use it in wet environments. They’re also developing simpler production processes, which could be used for non-medical products, like for computer cases and other products inside the home. They’re even exploring combining it with other materials, like carbon fibers, to give it new properties.
66. Paragraph 1 of the passage is mainly about shrilk’s _________.
A. remarkable design B. interesting name
C. major features D. basic elements
67. What has become a concern about plastic?
A. Using it properly. B. Producing it cheaply.
C. Developing its properties quickly. D. Evaluating its contributions fairly.
68. According to the inventors, shrilk has great potential partly because ________.
A. it can help plastic degrade B. it can be found in living things
C. its mass production has been realized D. its raw materials are abundant in mature
69. What are the inventors doing in the lab?
A. Replacing carbon fibers with shrilk. B. Testing ahrilk’s use in wet conditions.
C. Making shrilk out of used household goods. D. Improving shrilk’s flexibility for medical purposes.
70. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A. Recent Progress in Environmental Protection
B. Benefits of Insects in Scientific Research
C. The Harm of One-time Products D. A Possible Alternative to Plastic
Part IV Writing (45 marks)
Section A (10 marks)
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the numbered blanks by using the information from the passage.
Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
Since the earliest civilizations, people have controlled rivers to meet society’s demands. Today, rivers are controlled for many reasons, primarily to maintain reliable water supplies for daily, agricultural and industrial needs, for power generation, for navigation (航行), and to prevent flooding.
River control is achieved by channelization, a term that covers a range of river engineering works, including widening, deepening, straightening and stabilization of banks, and by the construction of dams.
An important period of channelization took place in Europe during the 19th century, when many large rivers were straightened and their beds deepened. One of the most dramatically changed was the Tisza River, a branch of the Danube that flows through Hungary. The controlling of the Tisza, designed to reduce flooding and make land for agriculture, included cutting off more than 100 meanders (河曲), shortening the river’s length by nearly 400 kilometers.
One of the most common ways in which people control rivers is by damming them. The past 50 years or so has seen an increase in dam construction worldwide, and at the beginning of the 21st century, there were about 800,000 dams globally, some towering more than 200 meters in height.
Despite their successes, many dams also cause significant environmental changes that prove harmful. Some
particularly deep reservoirs (水库) can bring about earthquakes due to the stress on their bottom rocks caused by huge volumes of water. Downstream of a reservoir, the river is certainly influenced in many ways: water volume, speed and quality are all affected, leading to changes in the landscape and among plants and animals.
to 73 adequate water for:
·daily life, 74 and industry
·power generation
·navigation
72
to stop rivers from 75
Title: 71
channelization:
·engineering works:
·widening, 76 and straightening rivers
· 77 river banks
·an example: the 78 of the Tisza by nearly 400 km
Ways
79 :
·achievements: 800,00 dams built
·problems: causing harmful changes to 80
Section B (10 mark.)
Directions: Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage.
A wise teacher once told me that every teenager needs to experience a not-so-fun first job from working at a grocery store to the fast food industry.
Now I still remember my first day at a fast food restaurant three years ago. I wanted to save up money and buy my own car, so I applied everywhere I could that summer. The restaurant called me right away and I thought to myself, this is going to be easy. Within four hours of my first shift (轮班), I had angry customers who complained how slow I was. I watched in fear as a kid spilled his milk everywhere, and I heard the words that no 16-year-old boy or anyone for that matter wants to hear: “Mike, there’s a problem in the men’s bathroom and you might want gloves for this one.” I realized right away that working at the restaurant was not going to be a picnic. The manager expected a clean environment and, particularly, fast service with a friendly smile.
Over three years later I still work at that restaurant whenever I go home during vacations. I love my co-workers there and all the customers know who I am. Every morning the same senior citizens come in and get their morning coffees. They chat with us workers and joke around. Our smiles have just as much to do with them making us a part of their everyday lives as the coffee does.
From my first job at the restaurant, I learned teamwork and devotion. I also learned staying positive no matter how rough things seem to get. I will forever carry the experience that I gained at the restaurant with me as I go forward in my life.
81. Why did the author apply everywhere that summer? (No more than 12 words) (2 marks)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
82. What did the manager particularly expect the workers to do? (No more than 14 words) (3 marks)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
83. Why does the author still work at the restaurant during vacations?
(No more than 13 words) (2 marks)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
84. What did the author learn from his first job? (No more than 11 words) (3 marks)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Section C (25 marks)
Directions: Write an English composition according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
生活中，你自己或他人曾有过物品不慎丢失而又找回的经历，其间有烦恼、有惊喜、有感慨……请就此写一篇英语短文。
主要内容包括：1)丢失的物品； 2)物品失而复得的经过； 3) 你的感想。
注意：
1．词数不少于120个；
2．不能使用真实姓名和学校名称。
2011年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（湖南卷） 英语
Part Ⅰ Listening Comprehension (30 marks)
Section A (22. 5 marks)
Directions: In this section, you will hear six conversations between two speakers. For each conversation, there are several questions and each question is followed by three choices marked A, Band C. Listen carefully and then choose the best answer for each questions.
You will hear each conversation TWICE.
Example:
When will the magazine probably arrive?
A. Wednesday B. Thursday C. Friday
The answer is B.
Conversation 1
1. Who used the car this morning?
A. The son. B. The aunt. C. The mother.
2. Where are the keys found?
A. In the purse B. In the pocket C. In the drawer
Conversation 2
3. Which of the flowing is true about the man?
A. He borrowed some money. B. He is caught in the traffic. C. He will meet his teacher.
4. How is the man going home?
A. By train B. By bus C. By taxi
Conversation 3
5. When was the party held?
A. In the morning B. In the afternoon C. In the evening
6. Why didn’t the woman go to the party?
A. She didn’t feel well. B. She didn’t have the time. C. She didn’t get an invitation.
Conversation 4
7. What does the man want to buy?
A. A camera. B. A mobile phone. C. A music player.
8. Which of the following does the man choose?
A. The PE310. B. The RT230. C. The GF160.
9. How much does the man pay？
A. $300. B. $270. C. $100.
Conversation 5
10. What is the woman?
A. A dress designer. B. A basketball player. C. A headmaster.
11. What do we know about the man’s travel plan?
A. He’s going by air. B. He’s leaving for Paris C. He’s arriving this afternoon.
12. Who is going to pick up the man?
A. The woman’s son. B. The woman’s brother. C. The woman herself.
Conversation 6
13. What’s the man doing now?
A. Looking for a job. B. Studying in university. C. Teaching at a high school.
14. What kind of movie dose the man like best?
A. Adventure. B. Comedy. C. Drama.
15. Where are the speakers going first?
A. The supermarket. B. The cinema. C. The café.
Section B (7. 5 marks)
Directions：In this section, you will hear a short passage. Listen carefully and then fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Fill in each blank with NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS.
You will hear the short passage TWICE.
Essay Competition Instructions
Topic: My Ideal City
Questions
Examples or Requirements
Location
Near the sea, 16. ________, or on an island
17. ________
Depending on your own choice
Features
Mountains to make it 18. ________, or the fastest trains in the world
19. ________
No less than three points
Prize: A free trip to Europe for a safe of 20. ________
Part II Language Knowledge (45 marks)
Section A (15marks)
Directions: For each of the following unfinished sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence.
Example:
The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket _____ the desert.
A. covering B. covered C. cover D. to cover
The answer is A.
21. The ability _______ an idea is as important as the idea itself.
A. expressing B. expressed C. to express D. to be expressed
22. —Joan, what _______ in your hand?
—Look! It’s a birthday gift for my grandma.
A. had you held B. are you holding
C. do you hold D. will you hold
23. The players _______ from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game.
A. selecting B. to select C. selected D. having selected
24. I knew that would ever discourage him; he would never give up wanting to be a director.
A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing
25. Julia was good at German, French and Russian, all of _______ she spoke fluently.
A. who B. whom C. which D. that
26. One-third of the country _____ covered with trees and the majority of the citizens _____ black people.
A. is; are B. is; is C. are; are D. are; is
27. In 1492, Columbus _______ on one of the Bahama Islands, but the mistook is for an island off India.
A. lands B. landed C. has landed D. had landed
28. —No one _______ be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball.
—Oh, you are really his big fan.
A. can B. need C. must D. might
29. Do you wake up every morning _______ energetic and ready to start a new day?
A. feel B. to feel C. feeling D. felt
30. It is most instructive lecture that I _______ since I came to this school.
A. attended B. had attended C. am attending D. have attended
31. Before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious _______ the problem itself is.
A. what B. that C. which D. why
32. Only after they had discussed the matter for several hours _______ a decision.
A. they reached B. did they reach C. they reach D. do they reach
33. Jack wasn’t saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him _______ he had done something very clever.
A. as if B. in case C. while D. though
34. In the near future, more advances in the robot technology _______ by science.
A. are making B. are made C. will make D. will be made
35. It’s not what we do once in a while _______ shapes our lives, but what we do consistently.
A. which B. that C. how D. When
Section B (18 marks)
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
People in communities have slowly been pushed apart through the years, mostly because people simply aren’t taking the time to say a simple “hello”. After considering this phenomenon, I decided I was going to 36 the way I was doing things.
My 37 came one morning when I was in the community library. I passed by a girl who 38 her books out of her locker. Thinking like most that someone else would help her pick them up, I continued my way. However, when I had to 39 because I stupidly forgot my book, I noticed she had just finished packing them up by herself. No one had stopped to 40 her.
“OK,” I thought to myself, “this is where I should have changed.”
My best opportunity came a few days later when I saw a man 41 by himself waiting for the library to open, so I sat down next to him and began a 42 . It was difficult to get started, and even when I had to say goodbye, almost every 43 from my new friend had a tone (语气) of doubt in it. And who could blame him?
People aren’t used to making an 44 chat with a stranger. But a change, no matter how 45 it is needed, doesn’t just happen. It takes people like us to make it possible. I 46 you to take a small step out of your comfort zone and try to make someone’s day a little brighter. Together, we can really make society come 47 as a whole.
36. A. change B. explain C. learn D. show
37. A. trouble B. doubt C. wish D. opportunity
38. A. took B. dropped C. got D. pulled
39. A. come out B. stand by C. go back D. turn up
40. A. please B. greet C. help D. praise
41. A. sitting B. walking C. riding D. running
42. A. discussion B. lesson C. report D. conversation
43. A. joke B. response C. cry D. story
44. A. unchangeable B. unprepared C. unforgettable D. unfinished
45. A. desperately B. frequently C. simply D. widely
46. A. allow B. warn C. order D. advise
47. A. later B. straighter C. closer D. slower
Section C (12marks)
Directions: Complete the following passage by filling in each black with one word that best fits the
context.
Does going to college really pay off? Certainly!
I remember taking __48__ English class in college on the short story. Our first assignment was to read __49__ short stories and then discuss which one was better. After reading both, I wasn’t sure. Over the __50__ several months, my professor taught me __51__ one story was so much better than the other. __52__ was rich in metaphor（隐喻）and character development, while the other was humorous __53__ too shallow. I couldn’t see this at first. Yet, in a few months, my brain got reeducated and __54__ could see the difference between good and bad writing and could appreciate literature at a whole new level.
Going to college helps build a strong mind, which leads __55__ greater success in one’s life.
Part III Reading Comprehension (30marks)
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage.
A
When first entered, Vanak Restaurant does not look like much of a restaurant, but once the pleasant smells of kabob（烤肉串）hit the senses, you are incapable of calling it anything less.
Owned by a local couple, this Persian restaurant has an inviting, homelike atmosphere that many restaurants lack.
The space is small with only a few dining tables and nearly no decoration, but the environment is truly charming.
Lying in a hardly noticeable street corner, the restaurant still attracts all customers, especially those experienced in the delights of Middle Eastern cooking.
A common sight is that of old Persian men sitting in the corner talking loudly about world topics, watching news events on TV, drinking a black tea known as Persian chai, an reading local Persian newspapers all the while trying to finish off their plates piled with food.
The variety of food at the restaurant is limited, but the amount of each dish is fairly large. Most of the meals can serve two people and are under $10, so not only is it affordably but practical as well.
The food, especially appeals to health-conscious eaters because each dish is very healthy, made with limited fat and oil and served straight off the grill（烤肉架）.
The main dish that the restaurant is popular for is its kabobs, which are different style of grilled meat.
One delicious and extremely healthy dish is the Joojeh Kabob, which is made of grilled chicken pieces served with either rice or bread. Another great kabob is the Chelo Kabob, kabob consisting of grilled beef.
Although the restaurant is small, the atmosphere and the food is delicious. It is a plan that should not be overlooked.
56. When first entering the restaurant, one can find that it ________________.
A. is splendidly decorated B. has pleasant smells of kabobs
C. is crowded with dining tables D. looks like a common restaurant
57. What activity is also mentioned apart from dining in the restaurant?
A. Watching news events on TV. B. Drinking a kind of black coffee.
C. Reading local English newspapers. D. Discussing world topics in low voices.
58. The food of the restaurant _______________.
A. is served in small amounts B. is rather expensive
C. is rich in variety D. is very healthy
59. What is the dish Joojeh Kabob mainly made of?
A. Rice B. Chicken C. Bread D. Beef
60. It can be inferred from the passage that the restaurant ______________.
A. occupies a large space B. owns a favorable location
C. is popular for its special food D. has a quiet environment inside
B
My father was Chief engineer of merchant ship, which was sunk in Word War II, The book Night of the U-boats told the story.
Memories
In September, 1940, my mother, sister and I went to Swansea, where my father’s ship was getting ready to sail. We brought him a family photograph to be kept with him at all times and keep him safe.
Then I remember my mother lying face down, sobbing. She had heard from a friend that the ship had been sunk by a torpedo (鱼雷).
I can remember the arrival of the telegram (电报),which in those days always brought bad news. My grandmother opened it. It read, “Safe, Love Ted.”
My most vivid memory is being woken and brought down to sit on my father’s knee, his arm in a bandage.
He was judged unfit to return to sea and took a shore job in Glasgow for the rest of the war. For as long as I can remember, he had a weak heart, mother said it was caused by the torpedoes. He said it was because of the cigarettes, whichever, he died suddenly in his early 50s.
Ten years later I read Night of the U-boats and was able to complete the story.
Torpedo
One torpedo struck the ship, Father was in the engine room, where the third engineer was killed. He shut down the engines to slow the ship making it easier for it to be abandoned.
By the time he got on deck(甲板) he was alone. Every lifeboat was gone except one which had stuck fast. When he tried to cut it free it swung against the ship, injuring his hand and arm. He had no choice but to jump—still with the photograph in his pocket.
Three days later, he and other survivors were safe in Glasgow. All 23 with him signed the back of the photograph.
A Toast
In my room is the book and the photograph. Often, glass in hand, I have wondered how I would have dealt with an explosion, a sinking ship, a jump into a vast ocean and a wait for rescue? Lest（以免）we forget, I have some more whisky and toast the heroes of the war.
61. We can infer that the mother and children went to Swansea _________.
A. to meet a friend B. to see the father off
C. to take a family photo D. to enjoy the sailing of the ship
62. What did the author learn about the father from the telegram?
A. He was still alive. B. His knee was broken.
C. His ship had been sunk. D. He had arrived in Glasgow.
63. The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 6 refers to the father’s ____________.
A. weak heart B. taking a shore job
C. failure to return to sea D. injury caused by a torpedo
64. What can we know about the author’s father after his ship was attacked?
A. He lost his arm B. He repaired the engines.
C. He managed to take a lifeboat. D. He was the last to leave the ship.
65. What is the passage mainly about?
A. A group of forgotten heroes B. A book describing a terrifying battle
C. A ship engineer’s wartime experience D. A merchant’s memories of a sea rescue
C
A recent study of ancient and modern elephants has come up with the unexpected conclusion that the African elephant is divided into two distinct (不同的) species.
The discovery was made by researchers at York and Harvard Universities when they were examining the genetic relationship between the ancient woolly mammoth and mastodon to modern elephants—the Asian elephant, African forest elephant and African savanna elephant.
Once they obtained DNA sequences (序列) from two fossils (化石), mammoths and mastodons, the team compared them with DNA from modern elephants, they found to their amazement that modern forest and savanna elephants are as distinct from each other as Asian elephants and mammoths.
The scientists used detailed genetic analysis to prove that the African savanna elephants and African forest elephants have been distinct species for several million years. The divergence of the two species took place around the time of the divergence of Asian elephants and woolly mammoths. This result amazed all the scientists.
There has long been debate in the scientific community that the two might be separate species, but this is the most convincing scientific evidence so far that they are indeed different species.
Previously, many naturalists believed that African savanna elephants and African forest elephants were two populations of the same species despite the elephants’ significant size differences , the savanna elephant has an average shoulder height of 3.5 meters while the forest elephant has an average shoulder height of 2.5 meters, the savanna elephant weighs between six and seven tons, roughly double the weight of the forest elephant, but the fact that they look so different does not necessarily mean they are different species, however the proof lay in the analysis of the DNA.
Alfred Roca, assistant professor in the Department of Animal Sciences at the University of Illinois, said “we now have to treat the forest and savanna elephants as two different units for conservation purpose, since 1950, all African elephants have been conserved as one species. Now that we know the forest and the savanna elephant are two very distinctive animals, the forest elephant should become a bigger priority(优先) for conservation purposes.”
66. One of the fossils studied by the researchers is that of ____________.
A . the Asian elephant B. the forest elephant
C. the savanna elephant D. the mastodon elephant
67. The underlined word “divergence” in paragraph 4 means “____________”.
A. evolution B. exhibition C. separation D. examination
68. The researchers’ conclusion was based on a study of the African elephant’s ____________.
A. DNA B. height C. weight D. population
69. What are Alfred Roca’s words mainly about?
A. The conservation of African elephants.
B. The purpose of studying African elephants.
C. The way to divide African elephants into two units.
D. The reason for the distinction of African elephants.
70. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A. Naturalists’ Beliefs about Elephants B. Amazing Experiment about Elephants.
C. An Unexpected Finding about Elephants. D. A Long Scientist Debate about Elephants
Part Ⅳ Writing （45 marks）
Section A（10 mark）
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the numbered blanks by using the information from the passage.
Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
A person searches various websites for different reasons, such as school, work, or entertainment. For teenagers, many informative resources on the Internet can be used. As a matter of fact, there are educational, music and art websites that are truly helpful to teenagers, because they can help make one’s life easier.
Educational websites are helpful to a teenager in doing school work and searching for a college. Some can help studying for tests, explaining a lesson, and doing homework. Some can help find the right schools based on one’s interests. And still others have pages devoted to the social life at each of the colleges or the specific activities that occur at a certain school.
Some free music sites enable a teenager to diversify their musical tastes. On these sites, all types of music are available such as pop, rock, jazz, and country. One can type in a song, category or artist and his or her entire catalog appears. Then, the listener can make multiple playlists without creating an account (账户) with the site.
There are various art websites that can help students to appreciate and create art pieces. On these sites, a student can view numerous photos and art pieces from different mediums or create an account with the website to upload their art pieces for people to see. In addition, one can enjoy various art projects that people have created on display for the rest of the world.
Truly informative resources are offered on the Internet. The best suggestion one can receive is to try to look for new websites that can help in the educational, music, or art area, so one can become well-rounded and informed.
Truly Helpful Websites for Teenagers
Many 71 are available on various websites
I. Educational sites: helping one ____72____ and search for a college
·Study for tests, explain a lesson, and do homework
·Find the right school that one ____73____
·Learn information about college school life and ____74______
II. Free music sites: _____75_____ to diversify musical tastes
·Listen to all types of music
·Type in a song, category, or artist to get an entire catalog
·Make multiple playlists _____76_______
III. _____77_____: helping one appreciate and create works
·View photos and works from mediums
·____78_____ for others to see
·____79_____ on display
Helpful websites can make teenagers _____ 80______
Section B (10 marks)
Directions: Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage.
My First Long Run
Two weeks ago, I had a quarrel with my husband. After he had driven off in anger, I realized that I wasn’t going to feel any better just sitting there. Feeling abandoned and guilty, I put on my gym shoes to get some fresh air.
Our driveway has a slope(斜坡) that is easier just to jog down if you are lazy, taking advantage of gravity. Instead of stopping at the end of the lope, I decided to see if I could just jog to the end of the street. I had tried a few months ago and failed miserably. Since that first attempt I had been jogging regularly and was significantly fitter, but still very lazy. However this time around I managed to reach the stop sign with ease and I figured I would go a little further.
After about one kilometer, however, I noticed that my upper body was tense. To make the movement easier I had to relax my body, and tried to take deep breaths of fresh air.
I kept giving myself the excuse to stop. No one would be disappointed. No one would even know. But I didn’t stop. I wanted to keep going harder, better, faster, stronger. To my great surprise, I ran 4.9 km in 31 minutes. When I got back, I had tears in my eyes. I did something I thought I could never do.
It was the first run of my life. Since then, I have improved my stride(步幅) and time. After every run I feel fitter, happier and motivated to keep progressing. I love the runner’s high. I normally jog because I want to look good. I want to run because it makes me feel good.
81. Why did the author feel guilty? (NO more than 9 words) (2 marks)
82. What did the author fail to do miserably a few months ago? (NO more than 11 words) (2 marks)
83. What excuses did the author keep giving herself to stop? (NO more than 9 words) (3 marks)
84. How is running different from jogging to the author? (NO more than 14 words) (3 marks)
Section C (25 marks)
Directions: write on English composition according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你参加所在年级的英文写作比赛，请按照要求完成一篇短文：
1．简要描述下图内容，并点明主题； 2．联系实际，表达该图带给你的启示。
注意：1.词数不少于120个；
2.不能使用真实姓名和学校名称。
2010年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（湖南卷） 英 语
（本试题卷分四个部分，共13页。时量l20分钟。满分150分。）
Part I Listening Comprehension (30 marks)
Section A (22.5 marks)
Directions: In this section, you will hear six conversations between two speakers. Foreach conversation, there are several questions and each question is followed by threechoices marked A, B and C. Listen carefully and then choose the best answer for eachquestion.
You will hear each conversation TWICE.
Example:
When will the magazine probably arrive?
A. Wednesday. B. Thursday. C. Friday. The answer is B.
Conversation 1
1. Why do they want to buy a gift for their mother?
A. It’s her birthday. B. It’s Mother’s Day. C. It’s Women’s Day.
2. What are they going to buy?
A. Some flowers. B. A box of chocolates. C. A book.
Conversation 2
3. What does the woman ask the man to do?
A. Go to a bank. B. Mail letters. C. Buy some magazines.
4. What time will the man probably be back?
A. 9:00. B. 9:30. C. 10:00.
Conversation 3
5. What is the woman going to do tonight?
A. Go to a concert. B. Phone her doctor. C. Prepare for an exam.
6. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?
A. Teacher and student. B. Classmates. C. Doctor and patient.
Conversation 4
7. Where does the man want to go?
A. The history museum. B. The Central Park. C, The high school.
8. How far away is the place?
A. Two blocks. B. Three blocks. C. Five blocks.
9. When is the place open?
A. From Monday to Friday. B. Through the whole week. C. On Saturday and Sunday.
Conversation 5
10. Why is Mr. Jackson out of the office?
A. He has been injured. B. He has gone to London. C. He is looking after his wife.
11. How long will he probably be away from work?
A. One week. B. Two weeks. C. Three weeks.
12. Who will do his work while he is away?
A. His wife. B. The boss. C. The secretary.
Conversation 6
13. Where are the two speakers?
A. In a dining hall. B. In a hospital. C. In a lecture room.
14. What did the man do?
A. He saw a doctor. B. He took some medicine. C. He had vegetables for lunch.
15. What does the woman think the man should do?
A. Have meals regularly. B. Go to Dr. Kevin’s office. C. Pay attention to his health.
Section B (7.5 marks)
Directions: In this section, you will hear a short passage. Listen carefully and thenfill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Fill in each blank withNO MORE THAN THREE WORDS.
You will hear the short passage TWICE.
Part II Language Knowledge (45 marks)
Section A (15 marks)
Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.
Example:
The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket the desert.
A. covering B. covered C. cover D. to cover
The answer is A.
21. Listen! Do you hear someone for help?
A. calling B. call C. to call D. called
22. Father goes to the gym with us although he dislikes going there.
A. hardly B. seldom C. sometimes D. never
23. You buy a gift, but you can if you want to.
A. must B. mustn’t C. have to D. don’t have to
24. This coastal area a national wildlife reserve last year.
A. was named B. named C. is named D. names
25. John’s success has nothing to do with good luck. It is years of hard work has made him what he is today.
A. why B. when C. which D. that
26. Dina, for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency.
A. struggling B. struggled C. having struggled D. to struggle
27. I was just going to cut my rose bushes but someone it. Was it you?
A. has done B. had done C. would do D. will do
28. I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school I met in the English speech contest last year.
A. who B. where C. when D. which
29. If he my advice, he wouldn't have lost his job.
A. followed B. should follow C. had followed D. would follow
30. So far nobody has claimed the money ________ in the library.
A. discovered B. to be discovered C. discovering D. having discovered
31. I walked slowly through the market, where people all kinds of fruits and vegetables. I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed.
A. sell B. were selling C. had sold D. have sold
32. Tim is in good shape physically he doesn't get much exercise.
A. if B. even though C. unless D. as long as
33. Listening to loud music at rock concerts caused hearing loss in some teenagers.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
34. I’m tired out. I all afternoon and I don’t seem to have finished anything.
A. shopped B. have shopped C. had shopped D. have been shopping
35. Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears. No one in the office knew she was so angry.
A. where B. whether C. that D. why
Section B (18 marks)
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Behind our house is the start of a fascinating trail (小径). This trail is one of the old roads that wind through untold miles of forest. My 36 , Beans, and I walk the trail frequently. Normally, Beans sniffs alongside the trail to follow the smell of a deer track or 37 some cause known only to him.
Beans is a white dog, quite handsome and very 38 . He not only understands what we tell him, but also often makes sounds as if he were trying to 39 back.
One morning, we took a different route, which led us to an unfamiliar trail. I was sure this trail would eventually lead us to our familiar 40 . But, no. We seemed to be far off course. After two hours, I suddenly realized that Beans probably 41 the way home. So I urged, "Beans, take me home." He ran down a new trail. But it merely led to an intersection (岔道口) of trails.
Soon it became 42 that we were getting nowhere. I began to picture the rest of the day in the 43 , without food or drink. We had walked about ten miles. But Beans seemed totally 44 . The sniffing and exploring was going well for him.
Finally, we 45 a crossroad near a highway. Lady Luck suggested I should turn left. We did and 46 reached a cottage beside a field. I knocked on the door and explained my situation to an old man. He laughed and then drove us home.
Since our adventure, I 47 that Beans probably knew all along how to get home. He was just having too much fan exploring new trails.
36. A. deer B. dog C. lady D. man
37. A. imagine B. consider C. explore D. present
38. A. smart B. sweet C. slow D. shy
39. A. turn B. kick C. jump D. speak
40. A. driveway B. path C. crossroad D. highway
41. A. knew B. saw C. showed D. made
42. A, mysterious B. ridiculous C. fascinating D. apparent
43. A. house B. forest C. field D. cottage
44. A. unconcerned B. unconscious C. undecided D. uncomfortable
45. A. left for B. went off C. came to D. drove toward
46. A. punctually B. frequently C. formally D. shortly
47. A. regretted B. remembered C. concluded D. confirmed
Section C (12 marks)
Directions: Complete the following passage by filling in each blank with one word that best fits the context.
Parents are busy people. If they are working, they are usually not at home 48 their children return from school. Sometimes it is necessary for a parent to write 49 after-school note for their children. They sometimes put the note on the kitchen table, the refrigerator, 50 another place where their children are sure to find it. A note is often a 51 way to “talk” with a child than using the telephone. For one thing, parents have time to think about 52 they want to say before they write. 53 another, the note lists all the information in one place. It is easy to read again and again. People often forget all the details that 54 hear in a telephone call. Finally, cell phones can be turned 55 or telephone calls not answered. For these reasons, after-school notes are very popular with parents.
Part III Reading Comprehension (30 marks)
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage.
A
L1PITOR
ABOUT LIPITOR
Lipitor is a prescription medicine. Along with diet and exercise, it lowers “bad” cholesterol (胆固醇) in
your blood. It can also raise “good'’ cholesterol.
Lipitor can lower the risk of heart attack in patients with several common risk factors, including
family history of early heart disease, high blood pressure, age and smoking.
WHO IS LIPITOR FOR?
Who can take LIPITOR:
· People who cannot lower their cholesterol enough with diet and exercise
· Adults and children over l0
Who should NOT take LIPITOR:
· Women who are pregnant, may be pregnant, or may become pregnant. Lipitor may harm your unborn baby.
· Women who are breast-feeding. Lipitor can pass into your breast milk and may harm your baby.
· People with liver (肝脏) problems
POSSIBLE SIDE EFFECTS OF LIPITOR
Serious side effects in a small number of people:
· Muscle(肌肉)problems that can lead to kidney (肾脏) problems, including kidney failure
· Liver problems．Your doctor may do blood tests to check your liver before you start
Lipitor and while you are taking it.
Call your doctor right away if you have:
· Unexplained muscle pain or weakness, especially if you have a fever or feel very fired
· Swelling of the face, lips, tongue, and/or throat that may cause difficulty in breathing or swallowing
· Stomach pain
Some common side effects of LIPITOR are:
· Muscle pain
· Upset stomach
· Changes in some blood tests
HOW TO TAKE LIPITOR
DO:
Take Lipitor as prescribed by your doctor.
Try to eat heart-healthy foods while you take Lipitor.
Take Lipitor at any time of day, with or without food.
If you miss a dose(一剂), take it as soon as you remember. But if it has been more than 12 hours since your missed dose, wait. Take the next dose at your regular time.
Don’t:
Do not change or stop your dose before talking to your doctor.
Do not stal-t new medicines before talking to your doctor.
56. What is a major function of Lipitor?
A. To help quit smoking. B. To control blood pressure.
C. To improve unhealthy diet. D. To lower “bad” cholesterol.
57. Taking Lipitor is helpful for .
A. breast-feeding women B. women who are pregnant
C. adults having heart disease D. teenagers with liver problems
58. If it has been over 12 hours since you missed a dose, you should ______ .
A. change the amount of your next dose B. eat more when taking your next dose
C. have a dose as soon as you remember D. take the next dose at your regular time
59. Which of the following is a common side effect of taking Lipitor?
A. Face swelling. B. Upset stomach.
C. Kidney failure. D. Muscle weakness.
60. What is the main purpose of the passage?
A. To teach patients ways for quick recovery. B. To present a report on a scientific research.
C. To show the importance of a good lifestyle. D. To give information about a kind of medicine.
B
When Mary Moore began her high school in 1951, her mother told her, “Be sure and take a typing course so when this show business thing doesn't work out, you’ll have something to rely on.” Mary responded in typical teenage fashion. From that moment on, “the very last thing I ever thought about doing was taking a typing course,” she recalls.
The show business thing worked out, of course. In her career, Mary won many awards. Only recently, when
she began to write Growing Up Again, did she regret ignoring her morn, “I don’t know how to use a computer,” she admits.
Unlike her 1995 autobiography, After All, her second book is less about life as an award-winning actress and more about living with diabetes (糖尿病). All the money from the book is intended for the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation (JDRF), an organization she serves as international chairman. “I felt there was a need for a book like this,” she says. “I didn’t want to lecture, but I wanted other diabetics to know that things get better when we’re self-controlled and do our part in managing the disease.”
But she hasn’t always practiced what she teaches. In her book, she describes that awful day, almost 40 years ago, when she received two pieces of life-changing news. First, she had lost the baby she was carrying, and second, tests showed that she had diabetes. In a childlike act, she left the hospital and treated herself to a box of doughnuts (甜甜圈). Years would pass before she realized she had to grow up again and take control of her diabetes, not let it control her. Only then did she kick her three-pack-a-day cigarette habit, overcome her addiction to alcohol, and begin to follow a balanced diet.
Although her disease has affected her eyesight and forced her to the sidelines of the dance floor, she refuses to fall into self-pity. “Everybody on earth can ask, “why me?” about something or other,” she insists. “It doesn’t do any good. No one is immune (免疫的) to heartache, pain, and disappointments. Sometimes we can make things better by helping others. I’ve come to realize the importance of that as I’ve grown up this second time. I want to speak out and be as helpful as I can be.”
61. Why did Mary feel regretful?
A. She didn’t achieve her ambition. B. She didn’t take care of her mother.
C. She didn’t complete her high school. D. She didn’t follow her mother’s advice.
62. We can know that before 1995 Mary .
A. had two books published B. received many career awards
C. knew how to use a computer D. supported the JDRF by writing
63. Mary’s second book Growing Up Again is mainly about her ____________.
A. living with diabetes B. successful show business
C. service for an organization D. remembrance of her mother
64. When Mary received the life-changing news, she ____________.
A. lost control of herself B. began a balanced diet
C. Med to get a treatment D. behaved in an adult way
65. What can we know from the last paragraph?
A. Mary feels pity for herself. B. Mary has recovered from her disease.
C. Mary wants to help others as much as possible.
D. Mary determines to go back to the dance floor.
C
People from East Asia tend to have more difficulty than those from Europe in distinguishing facial expressions—and a new report published online in Current Biology explains why.
Rachael Jack, University of Glasgow researcher, said that rather than scanning evenly (均匀的) across a face as Westerners do, Easterners fix their attention on the eyes.
“We show that Easterners and Westerners look at different face features to read facial expressions,” Jack said. “Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, whereas Easterners favor the eyes and neglect (忽略) the mouth.”
According to Jack and her colleagues, the discovery shows that human communication of emotion is more complex than previously believed. As a result, facial expressions that had been considered universally recognizable cannot be used to reliably convey emotion in cross-cultural situations.
The researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral. They compared how accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies.
It turned out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made significantly more errors than did Westerners. “The cultural difference in eye movements that they show is probably a reflection of cultural difference in facial expressions,” Jack said. “Our data suggest that whereas Westerners use the whole face to convey emotion, Easterners use the eyes more and mouth less.”
In short, the data show that facial expressions are not universal signals of human emotion. From here on, examining how cultural factors have diversified these basic social skills will help our understanding of human emotion. Otherwise, when it comes to communicating emotions across cultures, Easterners and Westerners will find themselves lost in translation.
66. The discovery shows that Westerners ___________.
A. pay equal attention to the eyes and the mouth B. consider facial expressions universally reliable
C. observe the eyes and the mouth in different ways
D. have more difficulty in recognizing facial expressions
67. What were the people asked to do in the study?
A. To make a face at each other. B. To get their faces impressive.
C. To classify some face pictures. D. To observe the researchers’ faces.
68. What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 6 refer to?
A. The participants in the study. B. The researchers of the study.
C. The errors made during the study. D. The data collected from the study.
69. In comparison with Westerners, Easterners are likely to __________.
A. do translation more successfully B. study the mouth more frequently
C. examine the eyes more attentively D. read facial expressions more correctly
70. What can be the best title for the passage?
A. The Eye as the Window to the Soul B. Cultural Differences in Reading Emotions
C. Effective Methods to Develop Social Skills D. How to Increase Cross-cultural Understanding
Part IV Writing (45 marks)Section A (10 marks)
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the numbered blanks by using the information from the passage. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
An apprenticeship is a form of on-the-job training that combines workplace experience and classroom learning. It can last anywhere from one to six years, but four years is typical for most. An apprentice spends the majority of the time in a workplace environment learning the practical skills of a career from a journeyman--someone who has done the job for many years. The rest of the apprentice's time is spent in a classroom environment learning the theoretical skills the career requires. Being an apprentice is a full-time undertaking.
One of the advantages of apprenticeship is that it does not cost apprentices anything. The companies that hire them pay for school. What's more, it offers apprentices an "earn while you learn" opportunity. They usually start out at half the pay of a journeyman, and the pay increases gradually as they move further along in the job and studies. Near the end of the apprenticeship, their wages are usually 90 percent of what a journeyman would receive. Apprenticeship also pays off for employers. It can offer employers a pool of well-trained workers to draw from.
Despite the advantages, apprentices are usually required to work during the day and attend classes at night,
which leaves little time for anything else. Sometimes, they might be laid off (下岗) if business for the employers is slow.
Once they have completed the apprenticeship and become journeymen, they receive a nationally recognized and portable certification and their pay also increases again. Some journeymen continue employment with the companies they apprenticed with; others go onto different companies or become self-employed contractors.
Section B (10 marks)
Directions: Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage.
Secret Santas
On Christmas morning, Linda wakes up, and tries to imagine the wide-eyed surprise of children in another household as they unwrap the presents she carefully chose for them. Linda has never met the children, but that’s all part of the joy of giving as secret Santas, she says.
“It’s an amazing feeling to buy gifts on an anonymous (匿名的) basis,” says Linda. “It brings a whole new meaning to the holidays.”
Linda and Tony are an American couple living in Toronto, Canada, and Linda did charitable work as a member of the American Women’s Club of Toronto. As the name suggests, members are U.S. citizens living in Toronto, who join together for fellowship and community service.
To find her “adopted” family, Linda goes to the local schools and requests a wish list for a family that’s struggling to survive. Last year she helped a single mother with three children. The mother works as a cleaning lady in a nursing home.
“The list is always heartbreaking. They have an opportunity to ask for anything and do just the opposite, asking for basic clothes or simple toys,” she says. “We always buy the kids a new winter coat, hats, and gloves.” She also buys gifts for the parents.
Last year Linda asked the mother for a second wish list—one that didn’t include the basics. “Every child should have a Christmas that sticks with them for a lifetime.” She purchased iPods for the two older children and a video game system for the youngest. “I have learned a very valuable lesson in all of this,” says Linda. “Pay
attention to what’s going on in your own backyard—no matter where you live.”
The joy of giving as secret Santas is much sweeter when the gift is anonymous.
81. What reaction does Linda imagine the children will have? (No more than 5 words) (2 marks)
82. Why did Linda join the American Women’s Club of Toronto? (No more than 10 words) (2 marks)
83. Why did Linda ask for a second wish list? (No more than 15 words) (3 marks)
84. What kind of people does “secret Santas” in the passage refer to? (No more than 12 words) (3 marks)
Section C (25 marks)
Directions: Write an English composition according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你和几位同学成立了一个英语俱乐部，开展了为期两个月的活动。现在，你将代表俱乐部在课堂上进行经验交流，请写一篇英语发言稿，主要内容如下：
1．简要描述俱乐部开展的一项与英语有关的主要活动：
2．谈谈你们开展该活动的收获。
注意：
1．词数不少于120个；
2．不能使用真实姓名和学校名称。
2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(湖南卷) 参考答案
Part I Listening Comprehension (30 marks)
1-5. ABACC 6-10. AACCB 11-15. BCABB
16. change 17. meeting 18. light 19. gift shop 20. the package
Part II Language Knowledge (45 marks)
21-25. DBACD 26-30. DBBAA 31-35. CCADC
36-40. ADCBC 41-47 DAACDBB
48. them 49. others 50. which/that 51. and 52. a 53. but 54. If/When 55. in
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (30 marks)
56-60. DABBC 61-65. DCABD 66-70. BDAAC
Part IV Writing (45 marks)
71. Vacations 72. performance 73. quality of sleep 74. attempt 75. wrong 76. good flight deal 77. adding 78. rules 79. choice 80. shopping wisely
81. They liked to go skating
82. He went door to door and gathered their signatures
83. He told them they should speak for the citizens and leave enough space for children.
84. Environmental protection laws and the knowledge of wetlands ecology helped him.
2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(湖南卷) 参考答案
1—5 BAACA 6—10 BBCCC 11—15 CBCAA
16. Confidently 17. easier 18. think about
19. you find interesting 20. yourself
21—25 BDBAB 26—30 DCADA 31—35 CCABD
36—40 ADCBD 41—45 ACBAC 46—47 BD
48. Because 49. within 50. he 51. a
52. most 53. and 54. it 55. than
56—60 DACAD 61—65 BBACD 66—70 BDCCA
71. MOOCS 72. no requirement
73. cannot afford 74. no formal qualifications
75. Potentials 76. providing
77. Challenges 78. particularly difficult delivery
79. evaporating 80. considering
81. She was giving free advice.
82. They expect her to listen and provide real answers.
83. They should talk things out.
84. She would promote it to each public space with the help of volunteers.
2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（湖南卷） 英语答案
答案：
PartⅠ:
1-5 ACCBA 6-10 BABCA 11-15 CBCBA
16: 90 17: month 18: Reference 19: New Year’s Day 20: ID card
Part Ⅱ:
21-25: CABBC 26-30: CDADB 31-35: AACDD
36-40: CBDAB 41-45: ACADC 46-47: DB
48. we 49. should 50. a 51. others 52. in 53. and 54. not 55. What
Part Ⅲ
56-60 CADDB 61-65 CBBAA 66-70 CADBD
Part Ⅳ
71. River Control 72. Reasons 73. supply 74. agriculture 75. flooding
76. deepening 77. stabilizing 78. shortening 79. dam construction 80. the environment
81. He wanted to save up money and buy his own car.
82. The manager particularly expected them to offer fast service with a friendly smile.
83. He loves his co-workers and all the customers know who he is.
84. He learned teamwork, devotion, and staying positive in rough situations.
作文（略）
2011年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（湖南卷） 英语答案
听力：CBCAB CBACA ABBAC
16. by 17. size 18.pretty 19. reasons 20.2 weeks
单选：CBCDC ABACD ABADB
完型：ADBCC ADBBADC
48. an 49. to 50. next 51. why 52. one 53. but 54. I 55. to
阅读：56—60 BADBC 61—65 BAADC 66—70 DCAAC
填空题： 71. informative resources 72. do school work 73.is interested in
74.specific school activities 75. enabling one 76.without an account
77. Art sites 78.Upload art pieces 79.Enjoy art project
80.well-rounded and informed
问答题：81. She had a quarrel with her husband
82.She failed to jog to the end of the sreeet
83.No one would be disappointed or even know
84. Runing makes her feel good while jogging makes her look good.
作文：略
2010年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(湖南卷) 英语答案
1-10. ACBBC BABAA 11-15. CCABC
16. 7 days 17. my happy life 18. 8:10 pm 19. a cheaper ticket/a student ticket
20. Nathan Road 21-30. ACDAD CBACA 31-35. BBCDD
36-45. BCADB ADBAC 46-47. DC 48. when/after 49 an 50 or
51 better 52 what 53 For 54 they 55 off
56-65. DCDBD DBAAC 66-70. ACACB
71. Apprenticeship 72. classroom learning 73. the majority 74. theoretical
75. at the beginning 76. a journeyman’s wages 77.many well-trained workers
78. being laid off 79. results 80. another pay increase
81. They will feel greatly surprised.
82. She joined it for fellowship and community service
83. She wanted to give the children some other gifts rather than the basics
84. It refers to people who give away anonymous gifts on Christmas
书面表达
It’s two months since our English club was established. During the two months, we have done quite a lot of work and achieved what we have hoped. Among all the things we’ve done, we are most satisfied with the English speech contest, which was organized by our club under the guidance of our English teacher. The contest lasted about months and about 50 students took part in it. Li Ming from Class 105 got the first place. His fluent English and clear thoughts impressed all of us. Under the influence of this contest, now most classes in our school have formed their own English clubs, and all kinds of English activities are held in every club every week. We think this contest not only help us improve our spoken English but also help to produce some new clubs. We are really happy about it and proud of it.
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