高考英语一轮复习 Unit The Media课时练 8页

课时练(二)　阅读理解提速练(练速度)‎ ‎(限时：35分钟)‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2016·石家庄高三质检一) Common Sense Media is a nonprofit group in the United States that studies children's use of media and technology. The group has done a survey asking teachers about the effects of their students' use of entertainment media.‎ Entertainment media was defined as the TV shows, music, video games that students use for fun. Many teachers said they believe media use has hurt academic performance, which in some cases is already not very strong. Vicky Rideout wrote the report for Common Sense Media. “We have merely four in ten students feel poor at reading, at oral communication and more than that thing the students wrongly fear report writing. So we need to make sure that everything kids are doing is helping to accelerate progress and not preventing it.”‎ The survey involved 685 teachers around the country. 71% of the teachers said they believe entertainment media has reduced students' ability to pay attention in class. And almost 60% said it has hurt their writing skills. Many teachers thought it has negatively affected students' ideas about boys and girls' relationship. Many also thought it encourages aggression and antisocial behavior. Teachers who describe themselves as uncomfortable with new technologies were more likely than other teachers to see destructive effects of media use on social development.‎ But not all effects of media use were seen as bad. Almost two thirds of teachers said it also helps the students' ability to find information quickly and efficiently. And one third said using entertainment media has helped their students to multitask (同时执行多项任务) effectively. Only 25% said it just has hurt them. Teachers who consider themselves as techsavvy (科技通) were more likely than others to see an advantage to students' creativity from the use of entertainment media. Vicky Rideout said teachers accept that the way students spend their time and how they like to learn has changed.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。美国的Common Sense Media通过询问老师来调查学生在使用娱乐传媒方面的影响，老师们对娱乐传媒的作用褒贬不一。‎ ‎1．Vicky Rideout holds the view that entertainment media ________.‎ A．declines students' grades badly B．influences students' performance C．accelerates learning progress D．makes all students poor at writing 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段中Vicky Rideout所说的话可知，她认为娱乐传媒影响了学生的在校表现，故B项正确。‎ ‎2．Teachers who describe themselves as technology knowers were more likely than others to ________.‎ A．see negative effects of media use B．make students aggressive C．teach students the use of media D．see the benefit of media use 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据最后一段的倒数第二句话可知，这些老师看到的是娱乐传媒的使用给学生带来的好处，故D项正确。‎ ‎3．It can be inferred from the passage that entertainment media ________.‎ A．only affects students negatively B．may be beneficial to parents C．is a doubleedged sword D．will guide public opinions 解析：选C　推理判断题。文章第二、三段讲述娱乐传媒给学生造成的不利影响，最后一段谈到了娱乐传媒的益处，可见娱乐传媒是把双刃剑，故C项正确。‎ B ‎(2016·甘肃省高三第一次诊断)Even if trees cannot walk, they are still on the move.‎ In parts of the Arctic, entire forests are moving northward. Across the Arctic, temperatures are rising faster than anywhere else in the world. As that happens, the tree line that marks where forests stop and the treeless tundra(冻原) starts has been shifting northward. Trees growing along the tree line must protect themselves from the cold wind. To do this,_plants tend to grow horizontal (水平的) branches low to the ground. The energy it takes for trees to grow this way means they don't have enough energy to make seeds.‎ But as Earth's climate has been warming, trees no longer have to just grow horizontally. Many can instead grow up toward the sky. This takes less energy. And with all that leftover energy, these trees have started producing more seeds. This happens especially in places where white spruce (白云杉) grows.‎ White spruce, which is a North American tree, is quite able to produce a lot of seeds, which can move long distances in the wind. When windblown seeds end up on the tundra beyond the tree line, they eventually can sprout(发芽) new trees. This explains how a forest can move. Of course, the process would work only if the tundra were warm enough. But in recent years, the whole planet has been warming.‎ New trees will provide shelters for some snow. Keeping the sun's rays from making the white surface disappear. Instead, the trees absorb the sun's heat. This warms the surrounding air. The extra warmth encourages even more trees to produce seeds. That further boosts a forest's ability to expand. In addition, more trees will trap more snow, preventing much of it from being blown away. Snow can trap heat in the soil below, which encourages trees to grow. The recent rise of temperatures has helped more trees grow past the tree line. People worry about impacts on the animals that depend on frozen conditions for food and shelter.‎ ‎4．What is the main cause of the trees in the Arctic moving northward?‎ A．The shrinking of northern tundra.‎ B．The rising temperature.‎ C．The fierce and cold wind.‎ D．The abundant resources in the north.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段的第二句“Across the Arctic, temperatures ...”以及本段的整体内容可知，不断上升的气温是北极圈树木北移的主要原因，即B项正确。‎ ‎5．What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 2 mean?‎ A．To produce more seeds.‎ B．To move northward.‎ C．To respond to the climate change.‎ D．To protect themselves from the cold wind.‎ 解析：选D　代词指代题。根据画线词前的“Trees growing along the tree line ... cold wind.”可知，画线词this 指代的是本句中的“protect themselves from the cold wind”，故D项正确。‎ ‎6．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?‎ A．New trees can trap the snow, which may make the soil colder.‎ B．The trapped snow prevents new trees from producing more seeds.‎ C．New trees can make the surrounding air warmer.‎ D．New trees can bring more food and shelter to local animals.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“New trees will provide shelters for some snow ...This warms the surrounding air.”可推知，新树会让周围的空气更加温暖，故C项正确。‎ ‎7．The passage is most probably taken from ________.‎ A．a science report　　　　 B．a health report C．a fashion magazine D．a children's magazine 解析：选A　文章出处题。根据文章的整体内容可推知，本文主要研究的是气候变暖对北极圈植物的影响，故该文应选自科研报告，故A项正确。‎ C ‎(2016·贵阳市适应性监测考试)Many years ago, when I was fresh out of school and working in Denver, I was driving to my parents' home in Missouri for Christmas. I stopped at a gas station about 50 miles from Oklahoma City, where I was planning to visit a friend. While I was standing in line at the cash register (收款机), I said hello to an old couple who were also paying for gas.‎ I took off, but had gone only a few miles when black smoke began pouring from the back of my car. I stopped and wondered what I should do. A car pulled up behind me. It was the couple I had spoken to at the gas station. They said they would take me to my friend's. We chatted on the way into the city, and when I got out of the car, the husband gave me his business card.‎ I wrote him and his wife a thankyou note for helping me. Soon afterwards, I received a Christmas present from them. Their note that came with it said that helping me had made their holidays meaningful.‎ Years later, I drove to a meeting in a nearby town in the morning. In the late afternoon I returned to my car and found that I'd left the lights on all day, and the battery was dead. Then I noticed that the Friendly Ford dealership — a shop selling cars — was right next door. I walked over and found two salesmen in the showroom.‎ ‎“Just how friendly is Friendly Ford？” I asked and explained my trouble. They quickly drove a pickup truck to my car and started it. They would accept no payment. When I got home, I wrote them a note to say thanks. I received a letter back from one of the salesmen. No one had ever taken the time to write him and say “thank you”， and it meant a lot, he said.‎ ‎“Thank you” — two powerful words. They're easy to say and mean so much.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过讲述两个自己在遇到困难时得到他人无私帮助的故事，说明了在接受帮助时表达感谢的重要性。‎ ‎8．Why did the writer get into the old couple's car?‎ A．Because his parents were in the car.‎ B．Because his car had broken down.‎ C．Because his friend told him to do so.‎ D．Because his car's oil had run out.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，作者的车出故障了，所以他才坐老夫妇的车。‎ ‎9．From the text, we know that the old couple were ________.‎ A．talkative　　　　　　　 B．brave C．kind D．lonely 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第二、三段可知，这对老夫妇让作者搭他们的车去见朋友，作者下车后，这个丈夫还给了他一张名片，在作者寄去感谢信后，这对老夫妇给作者寄了一个圣诞礼物，由此可知，这对夫妇很善良。故答案选C。‎ ‎10．What did the old couple think of helping the writer?‎ A．They could get a reward.‎ B．It made their holidays worthy.‎ C．They did it by chance.‎ D．It was due to a thankyou letter.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，这对老夫妇认为，帮助作者让他们的假期很有意义，这一切都是值得的。故答案选B。‎ ‎11．What would be the best title for the passage?‎ A．An Experience to ‎Missouri B．An Old Couple C．A Meaningful ‎Holiday D．A Meaningful Thankyou 解析：选D　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文作者主要讲述了两个自己受到帮助的故事。每一次受到帮助后，作者都会通过写便条来表达自己对他们的感谢。“感谢”二字虽然说起来容易，但是意义重大。由此可知，D项“一个有意义的感谢”概括出了文章的主旨，最适合做文章标题。故答案选D。‎ D ‎(2016·九江市高三二模)‎ Melbourne‎, ‎Australia Melbourne‎ is a hotspot travel destination, and it's easy to see its beautiful beaches and busy city life.‎ Why it's a great choice: Australia as a whole is considered a safe destination for international travel, and because of that, many solo travelers go there. As an Englishspeaking country, you won't be faced with any language barriers. Melbourne is easy to get around because you can walk or bike practically anywhere!‎ Thailand Thailand‎ is great for solo travelers — perhaps because it is one of the Buddhist mindsets, which promote equality among the sexes.‎ Why it's a great choice：Thailand is known for its friendly atmosphere, and as a travel hotspot, there are plenty of chances to meet other likeminded travelers. Well known for being very cheap, especially in the north. A good choice if you want to get away on a budget. Thailand has a lot to offer, from the partycentral Bangkok to beautiful beaches and tropical (热带的) jungle.‎ Hong Kong‎, ‎China Hong Kong is a great place to relax for solo travelers as it is full of “Zen Moments”， such as beautiful gardens and Tai Chi classes.‎ Why it's a great choice：Hong Kong is regarded as one of the safest cities in the world. If you're not welltraveled, or perhaps a bit tired of things like language barriers, Hong Kong is a great place to start, as it mixes both Eastern and Western at the same time.‎ Bali‎, ‎Indonesia Bali‎ is a spiritual place with yoga, spas, healthy food and beaches. The combination of friendly people and splendid visual culture has made Bali number one tourist attraction.‎ Why it's so great: you won't be the only solo traveler in Bali. Everyone is known for being extremely friendly and you're sure to meet some amazing characters along the way. As a Hindu island, Bali is the perfect place for a relaxing and spiritual retreat (静修). The Sacred‎ Monkey ‎Forest in Ubud is fantastic — if you like monkeys, anyway.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了澳大利亚的墨尔本、泰国、中国的香港和印度尼西亚的巴厘岛这四个适合独自旅行的旅游胜地，以及它们值得一去的原因。‎ ‎12．What do the four places have in common according to the text?‎ A．They're cheap to travel around.‎ B．They're great for solo travelers.‎ C．They offer good spas and yoga.‎ D．There're no language barriers.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。通读全文可知，每个景点的介绍中都提及了 solo traveler(s), 因此选B。‎ ‎13．Where can you enjoy both convenient transport and beautiful beaches?‎ A．Melbourne‎, ‎Australia.‎ B．Thailand.‎ C．Hong Kong‎, ‎China.‎ D．Bali‎, ‎Indonesia.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据 Melbourne, Australia 部分第一段的“its beautiful beaches and busy city life”以及第二段中的“Melbourne is easy ... walk or bike practically anywhere！”可知，在澳大利亚的墨尔本你可以享受到便利的交通和美丽的沙滩。‎ ‎14．What has made Bali No. 1 tourist attraction?‎ A．Yoga, spas, healthy food and beaches.‎ B．Friendly people and splendid visual culture.‎ C．Meeting some amazing characters along the way.‎ D．Fantastic monkeys in the Sacred‎ Monkey ‎Forest.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据 Bali, Indonesia 部分第一段的第二句可知，友好的人们与精彩的视觉文化融合使巴厘岛成为第一观光胜地。‎ ‎15．What type of writing is this text?‎ A．A travel journal.‎ B．A business report.‎ C．A travel guide.‎ D．A press advertisement.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。文章主要介绍了四个热点旅游胜地以及它们的特色、优势，因此应选C “旅游指南”。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 ‎(2016·南宁第二次适应性考试)Trees around us are extremely important and have always been necessary for improving the human conditions. Our existing forests and trees we plant work to make a better world. __1__. Here is a short list of main reasons trees are necessary for improving our living conditions.‎ ‎●Trees produce oxygen ‎__2__. A leafy tree produces as much oxygen in a season as 10 people inhale in a year. What many people don't realize is that the forest also acts as a giant filter (过滤器) that cleans the air we breathe. Trees help clean the air by preventing airborne particles, reducing heat, and absorbing such pollutants.‎ ‎●Trees clean the soil The term phytoremediation is a fancy word for the absorption of dangerous chemicals and other pollutants that have entered the soil. __3__. Trees filter sewage and farm chemicals, reduce the effects of animal wastes, clean roadside spills and so on.‎ ‎●Trees are carbon sinks To produce its food, a tree absorbs and locks away carbon dioxide in the wood, roots and leaves. Carbon dioxide is a global warming suspect. __4__. This lockingup process “stores” carbon as wood and not as a “greenhouse” gas.‎ ‎●__5__‎ Trees block urban noise almost as effectively as stone walls. Trees, planted at strategic points in a neighborhood or around your house, can reduce major noises from freeways and airports.‎ A．We could not exist as we do if there were no trees B．Trees help clean the sky C．A forest is a carbon storage area that can lock up as much carbon as it produces D．Trees control noise pollution E．Man has been planting trees to make the planet a more beautiful world F．The modern human community has other more practical reasons to admire and honor trees G．Trees can either store harmful pollutants or change the pollutants into less harmful forms 答案：1～5　FAGCD