2020版高考英语一轮基础达标选题 Unit 1 Living well（含解析）新人教版选修7 9页

Unit 1 Living well 李仕才 一、阅读理解 ‎  Hillary Clinton promised On October 30, 2016 that she would not be “knocked off course” in the election's final days, as she sought to push past a new FBI email inquiry that delivered a late jolt(震动) to her race against Republican Donald Trump.‎ ‎    “I'm not stopping now, we're just getting warmed up,” Clinton declared during a packed rally (集会)with supporters in Florida. “We're not going to be distracted, no matter what our opponents throw at us.”‎ ‎    Trump campaigned in Las Vegas at a club owned by billionaire GOP major donor Sheldon Adelson and accused the Justice Department, without offering evidence, of trying to protect Clinton following the FBI's discovery of new emails that could be related to its investigation into Clinton's use of a private email server.‎ ‎    “Hillary has nobody but herself to blame for her mounting legal problems,” Trump said during a rally.‎ ‎    Meanwhile, federal investigators secured a warrant (权证)to examine the newly discovered emails related to Hillary Clinton's private server, media reported on Sunday, as a prominent Democrat accused FBI Director James Comey of breaking the law by trying to influence the election.‎ ‎    The warrant will allow the FBI to examine the emails to see if they are relevant to its investigation into the private email server used for government work by Clinton, the Democratic presidential nominee, while she was secretary of state from 2009 to 2013.‎ ‎    Comey came under heavy pressure from Democrats on Sunday to quickly provide details of the emails, as Clinton allies worried the controversy could extend beyond the Nov 8 election and cast a shadow over a Clinton transition if she wins the White House.‎ 9‎ ‎    Comey's disclosure of the email discovery in a letter to Congress on Friday plunged(使陷入) the final days of the White House race between Clinton and Republican Donald Trump into a state of confusion and disorder.‎ ‎    Senate Democratic Leader Harry Reid sent a letter to Comey on Sunday suggesting he violated the Hatch Act, which bans the use of a federal government position to influence an election.‎ ‎1.What is James Comey? A.Senate Democratic Leader. B.A prominent Democrat. C.FBI Director. D.Head of the Justice Department. 2.What has FBI made a discovery of? A.Clinton's private letters written to a foreign country. B.Clinton's accepting a lot of money from a businessman. C.Clinton's bad health conditions that may affect her administration. D.Clinton's new emails through the use of a private email server. 3.The possible meaning of the underlined word “ controversy ” in Para. 7 is ________. A.a successful ending of a struggle or contest B.a lot of argument about something C.the ability and strength to do active physical things D.something new and difficult which requires great effort and determination 4.The best title for the news report can be “________” . A.Clinton promises to stay course, Trump boosted B.Trump accuses the Justice Department of trying to protect Clinton C.Trump says Hillary should blame for her mounting legal problems D.White House race between Clinton and Republican Donald Trump 参考答案： 1.C; 2.D; 3.B; 4.A 解析： 1.[事实判断题。根据是第五段:as a prominent Democrat accused FBI Director James Comey of breaking the law by trying to influence the 9‎ ‎ election。] 2.[细节理解题。根据第三段:…following the FBI's discovery of new emails that could be related to its investigation into Clinton's use of a private email server可得答案。] 3.[词义猜测题。根据前文克林顿和特朗普竞争美国总统互相攻击以及该词前的worried和该词后的could extend beyond the Nov 8 election可知该词是“争议”的意思。] 4.[标题猜测题。根据全文如开头:Hillary Clinton promised on October 30 that she would not be “knocked off course” in the election's final days等可知答案。]‎ 二、单句语法填空 ‎1．She adapted herself quickly ________ the climate there.‎ 答案：to　adapt ... to ... “使……适应……”。‎ ‎2．After the meeting, the manager asked him to explain his ________ (absent)．‎ 答案：absence 　absence “缺席；不在”；absent “不在的；缺席的”。由空前的his可知应填名词absence。‎ ‎3．Is there any sound more ________ (annoy) than the whine of a mosquito?‎ 答案：annoying　annoying “恼人的；烦人的；使人不高兴的”，常用来描述事物的特性；annoyed “感到恼火的；觉得生气的”，常描述人的心理状态。此处指声音的特点“令人心烦”可知应填annoying。‎ ‎4．I'd like to congratulate you ________ your wonderful performance.‎ 答案：on　congratulate sb. on sth. “就……向某人表示祝贺”。‎ ‎5．The survey ________ (conduct) by the company shows there is a large increase in customer satisfaction this year.‎ 答案：conducted　conduct与主语survey 之间为被动关系，故应填过去分词conducted充当其后置定语。‎ ‎6．All the rooms in this building are so well designed that they are ________ (access) to the disabled.‎ 答案：accessible 　be accessible to “……可接近/可靠近/可使用的”。‎ ‎7．The director was fully convinced that this moving story, if ________ (adapt) for television, would be a hit.‎ 答案：adapted　adapt “适应；改编”。所给动词与其逻辑主语story之间为被动关系，故填过去分词。‎ ‎8．My grandfather often goes to the countryside, because he thinks a stay there will be ________ (benefit) to his health.‎ 答案：beneficial 　be beneficial to ... “对……有益”。‎ ‎9．Without his ________ (encourage) to me, I would have been defeated in the game.‎ 答案：encouragement　此处用名词encouragement “鼓励”作介词without的宾语。‎ 9‎ ‎10．________ (ambitious) plays an important role in our daily life, because it is a guide for us to make decisions and choices.‎ 答案：Ambition　句中缺主语，故应填名词ambition充当主语。且作“雄心，野心”讲时，为不可数名词。‎ 三、完形填空。‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可能填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ I have written a poem called Flying Kites，in which a man __1__ his son to fly a kite.After a few minutes，the child __2__ drops the string and lets the kite soar(高飞)．With joy in his eyes，he watches it climb until it disappears __3__.The father realizes that __4__ he'll have to loosen the tie that binds(绑)him to his son.And he __5__ ，“Will I release the string as unselfishly as that？”‎ Many years later my son，Gary，__6__ he wouldn't finish his college career.I tried to talk him out of it.But none of my reasoning made any __7__.At the end of the semester Gary moved back home.‎ Gary managed to find a__8__ at a nursery and went at it with usual enthusiasm.I，__9__ ，was deeply disappointed.What was a college professor's __10__ doing at a job that any high school dropout could perform？Then I tried to __11__ him.“Look，”I said，“in a few years you'll be at your high school reunion with__12__ classmates who became doctors，lawyers，and engineers.Do you think you'll be able to__13__ that？”‎ ‎“Yes，Dad，”he replied without __14__.Then he fixed his eyes on mine and said，“But the real question is：Can you？”‎ Shame suddenly __15__ me.I wasn't thinking about my son；I was thinking about myself and what my friends would think.The problem wasn't Gary's pride；it was mine.All at once I remembered my __16__ and the question it asks“Will I release the __17__ as unselfishly as that？”At that moment I knew I had to let go.Gary was __18__ enough to make his own choices.‎ Today Gary has a successful career working for the city.I am very __19__ of who he has become.__20__ I let go of my pride，I've been able to sit back and enjoy watching him soar.‎ ‎1．A.orders B．instructs C．advises D．allows 9‎ ‎2．A.suddenly B．actually C．properly D．sadly ‎3．A.in a row B．in a way C．in no time D．in the distance ‎4．A.abruptly B．eventually C．absolutely D．apparently ‎5．A.responds B．guesses C．wonders D．hesitates ‎6．A.believed B．explained C．regretted D．announced ‎7．A.progress B．decision C．effort D．difference ‎8．A.ball B．job C．kite D．toy ‎9．A.therefore B．besides C．however D．otherwise ‎10．A.daughter B．nephew C．son D．cousin ‎11．A.support B．accept C．control D．persuade ‎12．A.honest B．ordinary C．latter D．former ‎13．A.prevent B．forget C．handle D．admit ‎14．A.hesitation B．commitment C．permission D．comment ‎15．A.deserted B．silenced C．ignored D．angered ‎16．A.essay B．article C．poem D．passage ‎17．A.secret B．string C．dog D．news ‎18．A.old B．honest C．lucky D．cute 9‎ ‎19．A.guilty B．tired C．afraid D．proud ‎20．A.Since B．When C．Although D．Unless ‎【解题导语】本文主要讲述了作者应对儿子大学辍学这一情况的故事。‎ ‎【核心词汇】release v．释放，放开　semester n．学期　enthusiasm n．热情　reunion n．团聚 ‎1．B　根据语境可推知，一个男人在教儿子放风筝。instruct“教授”。故选B。‎ ‎2．A　根据下文可知，诗篇中的儿子突然(suddenly)把线松开，让风筝高飞。‎ ‎3．D　与语境“disappears”呼应可推知，风筝消失在远方(in the distance)。‎ ‎4．B　这个男人意识到最终(eventually)他必须对儿子放手。‎ ‎5．C　结合语境可推知，诗篇中的父亲有疑问，想知道自己将来会不会无私地“松开线”。wonder“想知道”。‎ ‎6．D　根据语境可推知，作者的儿子宣布他将不会完成大学学业。‎ ‎7．D　根据下文的“At the end of the semester Gary moved back home”可知，作者的劝说毫无作用。make a difference意为“有作用”。‎ ‎8．B　根据下文的“What was a college professor's __10__ doing at a job”可知，作者的儿子找到了一份工作。‎ ‎9．C　根据上文的“with usual enthusiasm”和下文的“was deeply disappointed”可知，上下文表示逻辑上的转折关系。‎ ‎10．C　根据上下文可知，Gary和作者是父子关系。‎ ‎11．D　根据作者下文所说的话和上文的“reasoning”可知，作者想劝说儿子放弃那份工作，因为作者感到很失望。persuade“劝说”。‎ ‎12．D　根据“reunion”可知，此处是和以前的高中同学团聚。former “以前的”。‎ ‎13．C　根据语境可知，作者认为儿子的工作一个高中辍学者都可以做，而他的同学们则成了医生、律师和工程师，作者问儿子能否应对这种情况。handle“应付，处理”。‎ ‎14．A　作者的儿子很坚定地回答，没有丝毫犹豫，与语境“Yes，Dad，”呼应。‎ ‎15．B　根据上文可知，儿子的话让作者沉默了。‎ ‎16．C　根据上文的“I have written a poem called Flying Kites”可知，作者想起了自己写的那首诗。‎ ‎17．B　根据上文的“Will I release the string as unselfishly us that”可知，此处表示要放开风筝上的线。‎ ‎18．A　根据空后的“make his own choices”可推知，儿子已经长大，可以自己做决定了。‎ 9‎ ‎19．D　根据上文的“Today Gary has a successful career working for the city”可推知，父亲看到儿子的成功，自然是为之自豪。‎ ‎20．A　根据语境可知，此处表示逻辑上的因果关系。since“因为，既然”。‎ 四、单句改错 ‎1．I was out of the breath after running 1,600 metres.‎ ‎______________________________________________________‎ 答案：去掉the　out of breath “上气不接下气”。‎ ‎2．You don't want to be made fun and neither do others.‎ ‎______________________________________________________‎ 答案：fun后加of　make fun of “取笑”。‎ ‎3．The scientist as well as his assistants were doing an experiment in the lab then.‎ ‎______________________________________________________‎ 答案：were→was　当主语后面接由as well as构成的词组时，谓语动词的形式要依主语的单复数而定。‎ ‎4．English is so difficult for him to learn.‎ ‎______________________________________________________‎ 答案：so→too　too＋adj.＋(for sb.)＋to do ... “(对某人来说)太……而不能……”。‎ ‎5．We offer our congratulation to you on your winning the prize.‎ ‎______________________________________________________‎ 答案：congratulation→congratulations　congratulation“祝贺”，常用复数形式。‎ 五、七选五 Every culture has its own unwritten list of behavior that is acceptable.Every society also has its taboos, or types of behavior that are considered a violation of good manners.‎ The word taboo comes from the Tongan language and is used in modern English to describe verbal and nonverbal behavior that is forbidden or to be avoided. 1. They tend to be specific to a culture or country, and usually form around a group’s values and beliefs.What is considered acceptable behavior in one country may be a serious taboo in another.‎ Verbal taboos usually involve topics that people believe are too private to talk about publicly, or relate to one’s manner of speaking.In many cultures, for example, it is considered bad manners to discuss subjects such as sex or religion in public.In some countries, too much volume of one’s voice may annoy people.2. ‎ 9‎ ‎3． For example, one of the biggest differences among many Western, Asian, and African cultures is the use of eye contact.In the U．S., people make eye contact when they talk to others. 4. In many Asian and African cultures, however, children are taught to lower their eyes when talking to their elders, or those of higher rank, as a way to show respect.‎ Certain gestures made with the hands can have very different meanings depending on the country you are in.Crossing your middle finger over your forefinger is the sign for good luck in many Western countries. 5. Also, in some Asian countries, moving your hands a lot while talking, or “talking with your hands”， is considered unsuitable.‎ Behavior that is acceptable and nonoffensive in one culture can be highly offensive in another.When visiting a foreign country, be aware of some of the basic differences, as this will help to ensure a more enjoyable trip.‎ A．Nonverbal taboos usually relate to body language.‎ B．In Vietnam and Argentina, however, it is a rude gesture.‎ C．In spite of what some people may think, taboos are not universal.‎ D．Cancer is a taboo subject and people are frightened to talk openly about it.‎ E．Learn a country’s customs so that you don’t hurt the local people unconsciously.‎ F．They might think that someone who is speaking or laughing loudly is rude or aggressive.‎ G．If a person avoids eye contact, others might think they are being dishonest or unconfident.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文主要讲述了不同国家习俗方面的禁忌，以及肢体语言、手势语的不同运用。‎ ‎1．C　解析：上句是对taboo的定义，下句讲它们通常是一个国家或一种文化所特有的，通常是围绕着一个团体的价值观和信仰而形成的。由此可以推断，C项(尽管一些人可能这样认为，但禁忌不是通用的)符合语境，起到承上启下的作用。故选C项。‎ ‎2．F　解析：本段主要讲一些人对禁忌的看法，比如一些私人问题不能在公共场合谈论等。根据设空前一句中的too much volume of one’s voice may annoy people可知，在一些国家，说话声音太大会惹恼别人，F项(他们可能认为大声说笑是粗鲁的或充满挑衅的)正好是对上一句的解释。故选F项。‎ ‎3．A　解析：根据设空后一句中的eye contact可知，本段主要讲眼神接触在不同文化中有不同的要求，属于肢体语言。故A项(非语言禁忌通常和肢体语言有关)符合语境。‎ ‎4．G　解析：本段讲的是眼神接触的作用，根据关键词eye contact可知，G项与该段主题一致，故选G项。‎ ‎5．B　解析：本段介绍手势语在不同国家的含义。上一句介绍了把中指和食指交叠起来，在很多西方国家意味着好运。下文应该介绍其他国家对此不同的理解，B项(然而在越南和阿根廷，这是一个粗鲁的手势)符合语境，故选B项。‎ 9‎ 9‎