高中英语语法高考英语典型陷阱题解析95例 24页

英语语法高考英语典型“陷阱题”解析95例 ‎1.Mary couldn’t make herself _______ attention to because her classmates made so much noise.‎ A. paid B. to pay C. pay D. paying 答案解析：此题容易误选C, 其实此题应选A。 pay attention to 是动词短语，起及物动词的作用，在句中作宾语补足语，与宾语herself构成被动关系。‎ ‎2.Was it through Mary , ____ was working at a high school , _____ you get to know Tom ?‎ A. who, who 　　B. that, which 　C. who, that 　D. who, which 答案解析： 此题应选C,‎ 但是许多学生刚好首先排除了C项，他们认为:（1)非限制性定语从句不用关系代词that引导;（2)‎ 强调句型It be + 被强调部分 + that (who)…中，who (that)前不能有逗号。‎ 上述两点是对的，在此句中Was it…that…也的确是强调句型，但句中的两个逗号不在强调句型中，它的作用是把非限制性定语从句who was working at a high school与句子其它部分分隔开来。整句话的汉语意思是：玛丽在一所中学工作，你是不是通过她认识汤姆的？‎ ‎3.Every minute is made full use of _______ our lessons.‎ A. studying B. to study C. study D. being studied 答案解析：此题容易误选A,认为动名词作介词的宾语。其实此题应选B，此句是被动句，转换成主动句就成为 we make full use of every minute to study our lessons.。是不定式作目的状语。‎ ‎4.I agree with most of what you said, but I don't agree with _____. A. everything B. anything C. something D. nothing 答案解析：　此题容易误选B，生搬硬套不定代词用法规则：something用于肯定句，anything用于否定句或疑问句。其实此题应选A，注意前文的I agree with most of what you said(我同意你说的大部分内容)，其后的not与everything构成部分否定，意为“不是所有的都同意”，前后两部分用转折连词but连接，语气通顺、连贯。‎ 　‎ ‎5. —Would you like _______ , sir? —No, thanks. I have had much.‎ A．some more oranges B．any more oranges C．some more orange D．any more orange 答案解析：选C。当用委婉的语气希望得到对方肯定回答的时候，疑问句中的some不能变成any。从答语中的much可判断出前面的名词应该是不可数的。此句话的汉语意思是：－先生，还要点橙汁吗？－不了，谢谢，我已喝了很多了。‎ ‎6.He suggested the person referred _______ put into prison.‎ A. is B. be C. to be D. should be 答案解析：此题应选C. referred to 过去分词作定语，be put into prison是宾语从句的谓语部分。学生由于粗心，容易误选B或者D。‎ ‎7.—Well. I do think the rabbit is a beautiful, gentle animal which can run very fast.‎ ‎—_____________.‎ A．So it is B．So is it C．So does it D．So it does 答案解析：此题容易误选B,‎ 平时同学们经常练习和so有关的倒装句：so放在句首，表示前面的肯定内容也适用于另一个人或物。其结构为：so +助动词+主语 ‎。因此在未完全理解题意时，就主观地选择了B。其实最佳答案为A。本题考查"so+主语＋助动词"结构，用来表示赞成前一说话者所说的内容，可译为"是的"、"对"或"确实如此"。此句话的汉语意思是：－‎ 哎， 我真地认为这兔子是一只漂亮温顺的动物，跑得很快。－ 确实如此。‎ ‎8.“Is there _____ here?” “No, Bob and Tim have asked for leave.”‎ A. anybody B. everybody C. somebody D. nobody 答案解析：此题容易误选A，认为这是一般疑问句，要用anybody。其实此题应选B，主要与上下文的语境有关。全文语境为：“大家都到齐了吗？”“没有，Bob和Tim两人请假了。”‎ ‎9.“I think the teacher is wrong, _____?” “No, I don't think so.” A. don't you B. don't I C. doesn't he D. doesn't she 答案解析：此题容易误选C或D，因为按照语法规则，I think后接宾语从句时，其反意疑问句与从句保持一致，但是退一步，即使按此规则，其反意疑问句也应是isn't he或isn't she之类的，而不是像C或D那样用doesn't he和doesn't she。综合四个选项，最佳答案为A，don't you为don't you think so之省略。‎ ‎10.Don't you know _____, my dear friend, it is you that she loves?‎ A. who B. which  C. that D. what 答案解析：此题容易误选A或B，选A者认为这是指人的，故用who；选B者认为这是非限制性定语从句，两者都是误认为这是定语从句(注意没有先行词)，其实此题应选C，that引导的是一个宾语从句（用做动词know的宾语），它只是被句中的插入语my dear friend隔开罢了。其实此句也可说成：My dear friend, don't you know that it is you that she loves?‎ ‎11. He transplanted the little tree to the garden _____ it was the best time for it.‎ A. where B. when C. that D. until 答案解析：此题容易误选C, 把the garden看成是先行词，以为是where引导的表地点的定语从句。其实此题应选B。这是when引导时间状语从句。此句话的汉语意思是：他把小树在最合适的时候移植到花园。‎ ‎12.If the weather is fine, we'll go. If _____, _____. A. not, not B. no, no  C. not, no D. no, not 答案解析：此题应选A。If not, not.为If the weather is NOT fine, we will NOT go.之省略，全句意为“如果天气好,我们就去；如果天气不好，我们就不去”。该句的特点是：后句与前句的用词和句式完全相同,只是前句为肯定，后句为否定，为了简洁起见,于是将后句与前句相同部分省略，只保留否定词not。‎ ‎13.--- Mum, why do you always make me eat an egg every day ?‎ ‎--- ____ enough protein and nutrition as you are growing up.‎ A. Get 　　 B. Getting C. To get 　　D. To be getting 答案解析： 此处回答why, 因而答案选C. 作目的状语。‎ ‎14.She's too thin. She ____ gain some weight but she _____ too little. A. would, ate B. will, eats  C. would, eats D. will, ate 答案解析：此题有些难度，许多同学不知如何分析。我们先根据题目所提供的选项将句意大致概括出来：她太瘦了。她会增加体重的，但她吃得太少了。根据句首She's too thin这一所给信息可知，“她瘦”应是客观事实。按照一般的常识，“吃得少”就会导致“瘦”，“吃得多”就会导致“胖”，根据句首的信息，“她瘦”是客观事实，所以她“吃得少”也应是事实，因此第二空应填eats(即用一般现在时表示现在的事实)。根据上面的分析：“她瘦”和“她吃得少”均为现在的事实，那么“她体重会增加”就应是假设(注意句中的转折连词but)，所以第一空应填would，其实，此句可理解为其后省略了一个条件状语if she ate more (如果她多吃一点的话)。此题最佳答案选C。‎ ‎15. — What should I do with this passage?‎ ‎—_____ the main idea of each paragraph.‎ A. Finding out B. Found out C. Find out D. To find out 答案解析：‎ 此题极易误选A。认为是动名词短语作do的宾语。其实我们把该答案代入原文，便发现不行。因为do finding out…是绝对不能搭配的。其实此题应选C。考查祈使句。此句话的汉语意思是：－‎ 我应该怎么处理这段文章？－ 归纳出每段的中心思想。‎ ‎16.She can't help _____ the house because she's busy making a cake.‎ A. to clean 　 B. cleaning C. cleaned D. being cleaned 答案解析：此题容易误选B，简单地套用can't help doing sth这一结构。其实此题应选A，注意以下两个结构均可用，但是含义不同：can't help doing sth =禁不住做某事，情不自禁地做某事；can't help to do sth ‎=不能帮助做某事。前者为引申用法，一般辞书均将其作为固定搭配列出来，许多老师对此也比较强调，从而就使同学们形成了思维定势；而后者为help表示“帮助”时的本义用法，因同学们平时对此不大注意，一看到上面的试题马上就联想到can't help doing sth这一结构，从而误选了B。‎ ‎17. The prize of the game show is ＄30,000 and an all expenses __________ vacation to China.‎ A. paying B. paid C. to be paid D.being paid 答案解析：选B。此句话的汉语意思是：“联众秀”的奖金是3万美元和一次一切费用全免的中国之旅。paid和expenses之间存在着逻辑上的动宾关系，过去分词作定语修饰expenses。整个all expenses paid又作定语修饰vacation。 多数考生没把all expenses paid看成一个整体，而认为all expenses和pay 存在着逻辑上的主谓关系；pay 和vacation存在着逻辑上的动宾关系；而误选答案A。‎ ‎18.I'm examining the composition he has just finished ____ the possible mistakes in it.‎ A. correcting 　 B. to correct 　　C. corrected 　　D. correct 答案解析：此题容易误选A，因为习惯思维finish 后接doing. 但从句he has just finished为定语从句。答案选B，动词不定式作目的状语。‎ ‎19.He ________ more than 5,000 English words when he entered the university at the age of 15.‎ A. has learned B. would have learned C. learned D. had learned 答案解析：此题容易误选C,‎ 学生见到过去时间点，就会依据平时的经验选择一般过去时。其实此题应选D。掌握了5000多个单词并非在15岁上大学时发生，而是早在之前就完成了，过去的过去， 所以要用过去完成时。此句话的汉语意思是：在他15岁上大学时，就已经掌握了5000多个单词了。‎ ‎20.The judge paid no attention to _____ he had just lost his wife. A. that　 B. which　 C. what　 D. the fact that 答案解析：此题容易误选A或B：选A，认为to后应接一个that引导的宾语从句；选B，认为其后是一个定语从句，介词后应用关系代词which。其实此题应选D。注意不能选A的原因是，在通常情况下，介词后不能直接跟that从句(极个别介词如except,‎ but等除外)，遇此情况，应在that从句前加上 the fact（此时the fact用做介词宾语，其后that从句用做the fact的同位语）。‎ ‎21. ____ a broken chair , the room is empty ‎ A. Except 　　B. Except for 　　C. Except that 　D. Besides 答案解析：except所指项目，必须在主句内有所交代，except for 用来表示从某一细节方面来修正前面概括性说法，其后的宾语一般与句子所涉及的东西不同类。因此a broken chair 与 the room 不是同类，答案为B。‎ ‎22. — What should I do with this passage?‎ ‎—_____ the main idea of each paragraph.‎ A. Finding out B. Found out C. Find out D. To find out 答案解析：‎ 此题极易误选A。认为是动名词短语作do的宾语。其实我们把该答案代入原文，便发现不行。因为do finding out…是绝对不能搭配的。其实此题应选C。考查祈使句。 此句话的汉语意思是：－‎ 我应该怎么处理这段文章？－ 归纳出每段的中心思想。‎ ‎23.The wonderful time they had been looking forward ____ at last.‎ A. to arrive 　B. to arrived 　C. to arriving 　D. should arrive 答案解析：此题迷惑选项为C，因受look forward to doing的影响，但此题主语为the wonderful time，后面they have been looking forward to 为定语从句，分析句子结构，找出句子的主干The wonderful time arrived at last.不难发现正确答案应为B.‎ ‎24. --- What do you think made Mary so upset ?‎ ‎--- ____ her new bicycle.‎ A. As she lost 　B. Lost 　C. Losing 　D. Because of losing.‎ 答案解析：此题迷惑项为D，这是犯了Chinglish之错，问句中的 what只能用动名词短语Losing her new bicycle来代替。答案B为过去分词不作主语，答案A不构成主语从句。若将答语补充完整，全句为Losing her new bicycle made Mary so upset.因此缺少主语，正确答案为C.‎ ‎25.He wrote a lot of novels, none of _____ translated into a foreign language. A. them B. which  C . it　 D. what 答案解析：同学们容易误选B，理由是none前没有并列连词 and 或 but，但B项是一个陷阱。此题的最佳答案应是A，注意此句不是并列句也不是含有非限制性定语从句的复合句。逗号后面其实是一个独立结构。translated 不是谓语，而是一个非谓语动词（过去分词），所以假若在 translated 前加一个助动词 was，则此题应选(which)，构成一个非限制性定语从句。所以做这类题要特别小心，千万不要想当然，更不要受思维定势的影响。‎ ‎26.Mr. Smith is a painter, _____ I should also like to be. A. that　 B. which C. who D. it 答案解析：此题很容易误选C，因为许多同学认为指人时总是用who，不能用which，选项A(that)虽然也能指人，但这是非限制性定语从句，也不能用。其实此题应选B(which)，因为这里的which其实指的不是具体的某个人，而是指一个人的特征或属性，此时不能用who。‎ ‎27. As soon as he comes back, I’ll tell him when _______ and see him.‎ A. you will come B. will you come C. you come D. do you come 答案解析：选A。此句话的汉语意思是：他一回来，我就会告诉他你什么时候会来看他。when引导的是一个宾语从句，不是状语从句。根据题意要用一般将来时。‎ 粗心考生会把when引导的句子误认为是状语从句，从而得出错误的结论：主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来而误选C。‎ ‎28..I agree with most of what you said, but I don't agree with ____.‎ A. everything 　B. anything 　　C. something 　　D. nothing 答案解析：受否定句影响，迷惑选项为B.此题语境性极强，第一句中"most of what you said"为关键点，"你说的大部分我都同意，但并不是所有的我都同意"。因此，考查的是部分否定，答案为A。‎ ‎29.After ____ seemed like hours he came out with a bitter smile.‎ A. which 　 B. it C. what　 D. that 答案解析：　此题应选C，其余三项都很容易误选。误选A，认为介词后应接关系代词which（但是，若填关系代词，其前没有先行词）；B或D也不能选择，因为介词后可接what引导的宾语从句，但通常不能跟that引导的宾语从句或没有引导词的从句。另一方面，引导名词性从句的that也不能充当句子成分(句中的seemed缺主语)。选C，what引导的是宾语从句，用做介词after的宾语，其中的what可理解为some time that。‎ ‎30.He was so angry at all _____ she was doing _____ he walked out.‎ A. what, that 　　B. that, that 　C. that, which 　D. what, as 答案解析：此题关键短语be angry at sth.因此all后的she was doing为定语从句，修饰all.第二个空考查so...that...句型， 答案应为B 。‎ ‎31. --- When shall we meet again ?　--- Make it ____ day you like; it's all the same to me .‎ A. one 　　　　B. any 　　　　C. another 　　　D. some 答案解析：：...you like和...it's all the same to me 表明说话人不在意哪一天，因此some day是错误的；another day需要前提：已谈论的时间不合适，应另选时间，但对话无此意。One day并不指"任意选择的一天"，而any day则有此意，故正确答案为B.‎ ‎34. —Did Jack come back early last night?‎ ‎—Yes. It was not yet eight o’clock _______ he arrived home.‎ A．before B．When C．that D．until 答案解析：此题容易误选, 学生误认为此题在考查: (1) it…before…句型；(2) 强调句;‎ ‎ (3) not…until…句型。其实此题应选B。eight o’clock是时间点,这是when引导的时间状语从句。此句话的汉语意思是：－杰克昨晚回来得很早吗？－是啊，他到家的时候还不到8点 ‎35.--- Alice , you feed the bird today , ______?‎ ‎--- But I fed it yesterday .‎ A. do you 　　B. will you 　　C. didn't 　　　D. don't you 答案解析：此题易受you feed the bird today 中的you的影响，认为不是祈使句。但祈使句并非都无主语，为了加强语气，指明向谁提出请求或命令，引起听话者的注意时，可说出主语。所以正确答案是B而不是D.‎ ‎36.She is quite a different girl _____ she was five years ago. A. from B. to C. than D. with 答案解析：　按照英语的表达习惯，要表示甲与乙不同，通常用be different from，如：Mary is different from Jane.玛丽与简不同。其中的介词from在英国英语中也可换成to，在美国英语中也可换成than，但两者均不如用from普遍。许多同学据此将上题的最佳答案确定为A，但错了，最佳答案应是C。一般说来，若两个比较的对象是名词、代词或状语短语等，则用different from［to, than］。但是若提出来供比较的对象是一个没有引导词的句子，则通常只用different than。‎ ‎37.Few pleasures can equal ______ of a cool drink on a hot day.‎ A. some 　　　　B. any 　　　　C. that 　　　　D. those 答案解析：：一看到few pleasures，容易错选D.但后面所设条件为a cool drink,因而正确答案应为C.‎ ‎38.Use an umbrella to _____ you from the rain. A. stop B. prevent  C. keep D. protect 答案解析：许多同学一看到题干中的from，再联系到选项中的prevent，便马上想起了prevent ‎... from ...这个常用搭配，于是选择了B答案。这样分析的同学，没有完全弄清prevent ‎... from ...的用法特点。在prevent A from B这一句式中，A和B通常具有主谓关系，如在The rain prevented us from going out ‎(下雨使我们不能出去)中，“我们”与“出去”就具有主谓关系。而上面一题不具备此特点，此题正确答案应是D，protect ... from ...意为“保护……免受……”。‎ ‎39..Who did the teacher have ___ an article for the wall newspaper just now?‎ A. written 　　　B. writing 　　C. write 　　　D. to write 答案解析：此题易误选A，受have的影响。其实此处所用句型为have sb.do sth不妨把who换为tom，利用还原句子结构的方法变为肯定句：The teacher had Tom write an article for the wall newspaper just now.因此，答案应选C。‎ ‎40. He transplanted the little tree to the garden _____ it was the best time for it.‎ A. where B. when C. that D. until 答案解析：此题容易把the garden看成是先行词，以为是where引导的表地点的定语从句而误选C。‎ 其实此题应选B。这是when引导时间状语从句。‎ 此句话的汉语意思是：他把小树在最合适的时候移植到花园。‎ ‎41.Shirley _____ a book about China last year, but I don't know whether she has finished it.‎ A. has written 　　B. wrote 　 C. had written 　D. was writing 答案解析：受last year的干扰而误选B项，但句意为"Shirley去年（一段时间）在写一本有关中国的书，但我不知她现在是否写完"，因此答案为D.‎ ‎42. --- Who should I send this message to ?　 --- The mayor is the one ___ ?‎ A. to send it 　B. to be sent 　C. for sending 　D. to send it to 答案解析：第一句提供了语境"应把消息送给谁？""应送给市长"。故A是错误的，正确答案为D，即send the message to the mayor.被修饰的名词为不定式的间接宾语时，不定式后应加上适当的介词。‎ ‎43.It is so difficult a problem that _____ student in this class _____ work it out. A. any, can't B. no, can C. every, can D. no, can't 答案解析：此题很容易误选A，因为从句意上看，选A可将此句理解为“这个问题是如此之难，这个班上任何一个学生都不可能做出来”。但按英语习惯，any(任何一个)作为非肯定词，它只能出现在否定词not之后，而不能在其前，即可说not any,但不说any not。所以正确答案应选B。‎  ‎44.The young man spent as much time as he _____ over his lessons.‎ A. went 　　　B. can go 　　C. could going 　D. could to go 答案解析：此题除考查理解句子结构的能力外，还考查了动词短语spend some time(in)doing sth的用法，所以答案为C。‎ ‎45_____ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.‎ A. It B. As C. That D. What 答案解析：　此题很容易误选A，认为此处应填一个形式主语，况且It is (well) known to ...也是一个常用句型，读起来也很上口，但是选A错了。同学们仔细想想看，假若选A，横线处填一个形式主语(it)，那么其后就应有一个真正的主语，但事实上没有。但是若将句中的逗号改成that，则只能选A，因为这样一来，that便成为一个引导主语从句的引导词。此题的最佳答案是B，as引导的是一个非限制性定语从句，可置于主句前(常译为“正如”)或主句后(常译为“这一点”)，句意为“正如大家所知，月球每月绕地球转一周”。‎ ‎46. —Must I turn off the gas after cooking ? —Of course . You can never be _______ careful with that.‎ A．enough B．too C．so D．very 答案解析：选B。can / could not...too是一个固定搭配，表示“无论怎样也不过分；此句话的汉语意思是：－‎ 做完饭后一定要把煤气关掉吗？－ 当然，你越小心越好。 有些学生误认为can never be too…是一个孤立的结构，而逐字翻译，从而误选D。‎ ‎47.Mrs Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had ____ went wrong again.‎ A. it 　　　B. it repaired　　C. repaired 　D. to be repaired 答案解析：此题句型为have sth done, she had had repaired为定语从句，修饰the washing machine,‎ C为正确答案。迷惑选项为B项。‎ ‎48. --- Don't forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow. 　 ---______ .‎ A.I don't 　　　B.I won't 　　　C.I can't 　　　D.I haven't 答案解析：：完整回答为I won't forget to come to your birthday party tomorrow.答案为B. 选A是受上一句中Don't 影响。‎ ‎49.I'll come to see you if _____. A. you're convenient B. it is convenient for you C. you feel convenient D. it is convenient with you 答案解析：此题最佳答案为B，但很容易误选A或C，因为按汉语意思，我们常说“如果你方便的话”，所以许多同学就将此直译为if you are convenient或if you feel convenient。但事实上，英语中convenient的意思不是“感到方便的”，而是“使人感到方便的”，所以be convenient的主语不能是“人”。要表示“如果你方便的话”，英语通常说if it is convenient for［to］you，其中的介词可用for或to，但一般不用with。‎ ‎50.Sarah hopes to become a friend of _____ shares her interests. A. anyone B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter who 答案解析：此题不能选A，假若选A，应在其后加上who，即用 anyone who；也不能选B，一是因为横线处应填一个作主语的词(因为其后有谓语动词 shares)，二是因为在现代英语中 whomever这个词已基本废除 也就是说，在现代英语中whoever 既用做主语，也用做宾语，如：Give it to whoever you see in the meeting-room.‎ 你在会议室里看见谁就把它给谁)；也不能选D，因为 no matter who只用于引导让步状语从句，不用于引导名词性从句。此题正确答案为C，whoever 在此相当于 anyone who。‎ 近年来，高考试卷中也常有这种"陷阱"题出现。当同学们遇到这种题时，既不可“轻易下手”，也不可不知所措，而应做到先三思而后行。首先，同学们要认真审题，发现“陷阱”。要灵活地运用语法规则，理顺思路，寻找“陷阱”。其次，要运用多向思维，分析“陷阱”。不要用习惯的、单一的、片面的思维去解题。再次，要去伪存真，识别“陷阱”。要抓住基本知识点及特殊现象，不厌其烦地归纳理解，认清选择题目中的“鱼目”及“珍珠”，避免落入“陷阱”。最后就是要加强验证，跳出“陷阱”。这就要求学习者要有良好的检查验证习惯，掌握验证的方法，即使落入了“陷阱”，也能在验证过程中，发现“陷阱”，并迅速地跳出来。‎ 高中英语单项选择题讲练 ‎1. I hope _____ the job she's applied for (申请) .‎ A. she's going to get B. she'll get C. she is to get D. she decides to get 答案是B项。will或shall用来表示希望或期望。因此在表示与希望有关的动词或动词短语的宾语从句中的将来时态时，要用will或shall。这些动词或短语是：hope , expect , be sure , believe , think , suppose , doubt 和be afraid 等。‎ ‎2. There must be _____ book which could help .‎ A. some B. any C. one D. one useful 答案是A项。some除了用作数量词外，还可用来泛指未知的人或事物。又如：There must be some reason for what he has done . (他所做的事肯定基于某种原因。)‎ ‎3. If you _____ stop smoking , you can only expect to have a bad cough .‎ A. won't B. would not C. do not D. can not 答案是A项。will除了用作表示将来时的助动词外，还可用来强调愿意或不愿意。又如：‎ If you will would wait a moment , I will fetch the money . (如果你肯/愿意稍等片刻，我就把钱取来。)但是在表示不肯或不愿意时，则只能使用won't，不能使用would not。‎ ‎4. Take a taxi , _____ you'll miss your train .‎ A. and B. if C. otherwise D. or 答案是C项。祈使句可用来取代if从句来表示评论、提出要求、发出忠告或威胁等。用祈使句比用if从句表达更强的紧迫性。在表示评论和要求时，其连词用and，表示忠告时用连词otherwise，表示威胁时，用连词or。例如：Fail to pay and they will cut off the electricity .‎ ‎(不交钱，他们就会中断供电。)这是客观的评论；Tell us what to do and we will get on with it .‎ ‎(如果你告诉我们该做些什么，我们就会把它做好。)这明显是请求；Put on you overcoat when you go out , otherwise you will catch cold .‎ ‎(外出时你应该穿上大衣，不然的话你会感冒的。)显然这是忠告；Drop that gun , or I will shoot you . (把枪放下，否则我就开枪打死你。)很明显，这是威胁。‎ ‎5. I posted the letter some time _____ the week .‎ A. in B. during C. throughout D. within 答案是B项。如同感观动词一样，下面这些动词后只能跟代词的宾格或名词的通格（如him ,‎ Mary），其后是"动词-ing"：start , keep , stop , catch , find , leave , 如：When are you going to start him working for us ?‎ ‎(你打算什么时候让他开始为我们工作？)。应该指出感观动词后的宾语既可跟着"动词-ing"形式，又可跟着不带to动词不定式，但以上这些动词后总跟着宾语＋动词-ing的形式。‎ ‎6. I'd better not catch ______ that again !‎ A. your doing B. you doing C. you to do D. you being doing 答案是B项。如同感观动词一样，下面这些动词后只能跟代词的宾格或名词的通格（如him ,‎ Mary），其后是"动词-ing"：start , keep , stop , catch , find , leave , 如：When are you going to start him working for us ?‎ ‎(你打算什么时候让他开始为我们工作？)。应该指出感观动词后的宾语既可跟着"动词-ing"形式，又可跟着不带to动词不定式，但以上这些动词后总跟着宾语＋动词-ing的形式。‎ ‎7. I couldn't have got to the meeting on time - _______ an earlier train .‎ A. if I had not caught B. unless I had caught C. if I did not catch D. unless I caught 答案是B项。if…‎ not和unless有时可以互相替换，但也有不能互相替换的时候。unless用于这样的句子，即"如果A不受阻于B，A将发生"，例如He will accept the job if the salary is not too low /‎ unless the salary is too low .‎ ‎(如果薪水不太低，他就会接受这一工作/除非薪水太低，否则他会接受这一项工作的。)但是unless不能用于"由于未发生B而发生A"的句子里，如：I will be quite glad if she does not come this evening (她今天晚上要是不来，我才高兴呢。)又如：I will be surprised if he does not win the game next week .‎ ‎(如果他赢不了下星期那场比赛，我倒会感到惊奇的。)在以上的两个句子中不能使用unless，但是unless常用来引导一个谈及过去的事后的想法，unless从句跟着主句，通常用破折号而不是逗号将它与主句分开。第7题的句意是：我不可能准时到会了-除非我当时赶上更早一列火车。这个句子的实际是说：我没有准时到会。我只有赶上更早的一趟火车，才能准时到会。如果用if ‎… not代替上面句中的unless，那么这个句子就变成：I couldn't have got to the meeting on time if I hadn't caught an earlier train .‎ ‎(要不是我赶上了更早的一班火车，我就不可能准时到会。)这句话表达的意思与上句完全相反：我确实准时到会了，因为我赶上了更早的一趟火车。‎ ‎8. I'll have you ______ English in six months .‎ A. speaking B. speak C. spoken D. be able to speak 答案是A项。"have ‎＋宾语＋doing"这一结构有以下五种用法。（1）用来表示我们一心要取得的效果，如：‎ He promised to have me swimming across the river in two weeks' time .‎ ‎(他答应在两周之内使我能游过那条河。)；（2）用来表示使宾语持续做某事， 如：‎ In cold winter we always have the fire burning day and night .‎ ‎(在冬天，我们总是让火日以继夜地燃烧着。)；（3）用来表示不想发生的后果， 如：‎ Don't shout ! You will have the neighbors complaining !‎ ‎(别大声嚷嚷！你会使邻居有意见的！)；（4）用来表示说话人控制不了的情况， 如：‎ We have salesmen or saleswomen calling every day .‎ ‎(我们每天都得任凭推销员们的造访。)；（5）这一结构前如用can not 或won't，则表示"不能/愿容忍"宾语做某事，如：I won't / can not have you speaking like that about your father .‎ ‎(我不允许/不能容忍你那样无礼貌地谈论你自己的父亲。)‎ ‎9. Our decision _____ was wise .‎ A. of waiting B. to wait C. for waiting D. to be waiting 答案是B项。英语中一些名词总与不定式连用，如：decision , wish 与 refusal等，使用这些名词与使用它们的动词形式表达的内容是一致的，请看下面三组例句：我们决定等待是明智的。 His wish to succeed is probable. 他希望成功，有可能。‎ Her refusal to help surprised us greatly. 她拒绝帮忙，使我们感到意外。‎ ‎10. He's unlucky , and he's always suffering _____ luck one after another .‎ A. a sick B. an ill C. sick D. ill 答案是D项。英语中的名词有可数与不可数之分，luck是不可数名词，用来修饰贬意的luck形容词有bad，poor或ill，这时ill的词义是：不好的。‎ ‎11. The news about the terrible flood there greatly discouraged ______ these for a sight-seeing .‎ A. us from going B. us to go C. our going D. our to go 答案是A项。discourage与encourage互为反义词。英语中说"鼓励某人做某事"时使用encourage sb to do sth ,‎ 但如果要表示"使某人没勇气做某事"时，不能想当然的以此类推：discourage sb to do sth , 这是不符合英语习惯的错误表达方式，其正确形式是：discourage sb from doing sth 。‎ ‎12. My dictionary ________ . I have looked for it everywhere but still ______ it .‎ A. has lost ; do not find B. is missing ; do not find C. has lost ; have not found D. is missing ; have not found 答案是D项。lose是个及物动词，如果要表示某物丢失了，只能用被动语态。A项与C项使用的都是其主动形式。missing是形容词，其词义是：lost ; not to be found (丢失了的)，据此，第一空缺处应填入is missing。根据语境，第二个空缺处应填使用现在完成时的否定形式，因为它可以表示目前还未发生的动作。‎ ‎13. Shortly after the accident , two ______ police were sent to the spot to keep order .‎ A. dozens of B. dozens C. dozen of D. dozen 答案是D项。英语中一些表示数字的名词的前面如果用了数词，这些名词必须是单数形式，如dozen(一打)，score(二十)和head (头) 等，例如：另外两打鸡蛋another two dozen eggs ; 八十七年前four score and seven years ago ; 五十五头牲口fifty-five head of cattle ‎。但是如果这些名词用来虚指某些可数名词时，这些名词呈复数形式，其后更加上介词of例如：dozens of pencils (几十支铅笔)和scores of tame birds (几十只家禽)。‎ ‎14. Besides Tom , ______ Crosettes have two other sons , ______ of whom are all interested in making model planes .‎ A.不填；two B. 不填；the two C. the ; three D. the ; the three 答案是D项。在英语的姓氏前使用定冠词，表示的是这个姓氏的一家人或这个姓氏的夫妇；"the + 数词+ of + 代词"这一结构表示该代词的总数是前面的数词表示的数量，而"数词＋of＋代词"结构中的代词表示的量肯定大于前面数词表示的数量，试比较：the five of us (我们这五个人，us表示的就是五个人)而five of us (我们中的五个人，us表示的数量肯定要多于五个人)。‎ ‎15. Mr. Zhang gave all the textbooks to all the pupils , except _____ who had already taken them .‎ these B. ones C.the ones D. the others 答案是C项。one本来是数词，但也可用作不定代词，代替前面刚提到的一个东西或人，避免重复前面刚提到的名词，有时one可以有自己的定语或冠词，甚至可以有复数形式，如：I don't like these pink shirts . Will you please show me the white ones ?‎ ‎(我不喜欢这些粉色的衬衣，请您把那些白色的衬衣拿给我看看好吗？)‎ ‎16. ______ professional violinist practises for several hours a day , but ______ violinist has his own way of playing the Beethoven concert .‎ A. Each , every B. Every ; each C. All ; every D. Either ; every 答案是B项。虽然every与each在汉语中的词意是："每一个"，但这两个代词的内涵不完全一样。every与all含义很接近，如：He has read every book / all books on the subject .‎ ‎(有关这个科目的书籍他全都读过了。)英文中常用every进行概括，强调事物或人的总体性，而each则表示个别概念，当我们说each violinist时，我们想到的是每个不同的人做着不同的事。又如：We want every child to succeed , however each child will find his or her own personal road to success .‎ ‎(我们希望每个孩子都能成功，然而每个孩子将会找到他或她个人的成功之路。)‎ ‎17. The black horse is _____ of the pair .‎ A. the strongest B. the stronger C. the strong D. quite strong 答案是B项。英语表示"两里择一的那一个更…‎ ‎"的名词前的比较级前面应该使用定冠词the。pair的词义是"一对"或"一双"，此处的the pair 的词义是two horses fastened side by side to a cart (两匹套在车辕的马)。因此，此处应该使用the stronger 。‎ ‎18. The duties of a policeman are _____ than ____‎ A. dangerouser ; a teacher B. more dangerous ; a teacher C. greater danger ; those of a teacher D. more dangerous ; those of a teacher 答案是D项。英语中由构词法派生出的形容词或副词比较级与最高级一律前面加more各the most构成。dangerous是由danger派生出的形容词，因此其比较级是more dangerous ;‎ 在比较句中，一定要使比较的东西是一致的。为了避免重复，需比较的对象如果是单数，应该使用that of…代替，如果需比较的对象是复数，则用those of ‎…，请看以下两个例句，并理解上述说法：The climate in Florida is as mild as in California . (佛罗里达州的气候与加州的气候一样暖和。) Classes in universities are more difficult than those in colleges . (大学本科的课程比大学专科的课程更难。)‎ ‎19. It is a rule in his family that ______ comes home earlier should cook the dinner for the family A. Anybody B. who C. who that D. whoever 答案是D项。whoever有两个词义，（‎ ‎1）no matter who，在这种用法时引导一个让步状语从句，如：Whoever ( = No matter who )‎ it is , I do not want to see them . (无论他是谁，我都不想见。)，‎ 又如：The business would be a success , whoever ( no matter who ) owned it .‎ ‎(这个企业准能兴旺发达，甭管谁是它的主人。)；‎ ‎（2）anybody / that，在这种用法时，它连接一个名词性从句，在本题中它连的是主语从句，‎ 又如：I will take whoever ( anybody that ) wants to go to that beautiful park .‎ ‎(我要带任何想去那个美丽公园的人去那里。)在这一例句中whoever连接的是一个宾语从句。‎ ‎20. I really wonder ______ he has posted me many parcels _____ we worked together .‎ A. how ; after B. why ; when C. when ; before D. why ; since 答案是D项。英语中的连词since有这样的特性：终止其后从句中的延续性的谓语动词的动作。第二个空白处填入since之后，这个从句的意思是：自从我们不在一起工作起。此外，since还可使其后从句里的非延续性的谓语动词延续。例如：It is 15 years since he joined the Army . (他参军已经十五年了。)‎ ‎21 . -How long _______ each other before they ________ married ? -For about a year .‎ A. have they known ; get B. did they know ; were going to get C. do they know ; are going to get D. had they known ; got 答案是D项。根据句意分析，他们结婚已是过去的事，那末，他们互相了解大约一年的时间肯定发生在结婚前，发生在过去某一动作之前的动作，应该使用过去完成时。‎ ‎22. Michael ______ here to see you and he ______ a note on your desk .‎ A. has come ; has left B. has been ; has left C. has come ; left D. has been ; left 答案是D项。此处的has been here表示"刚才到这儿来过"，从字面上看这个表达方式是现在完成时，但实际上这个表达方式的内涵是该人已不在此处了。因此这个动作是发生在过去的事，那末该在你的书桌上留便条的动作也该用一般过去时 ‎23. -When ______ and visit our exhibition next month ? -When _______ , I will let you know .‎ A. will he come ; he will come B. will he come ; he comes C. does he come ; he will come D. does he come ; he comes 答案是B项。第一句中的时间状语next month确定了这句的一般将来时的时态，然而第二句是由when引导的时间状语从句，在时间状语从句中只能用一般现在时表示的是一般将来时。‎ ‎24. Mrs. Green wants to buy that kind of cloth because she ______ that the cloth _____ very well ‎. A. has been told ; washes B. is told ; is washed C. has been told ; is washed D. is told ; is washed 答案是A项。根据语境第一个空白处应该使用现在完成时的被动语态，第二个空白处应该选用washes，因为wash这个动词也可作不及物动词使用，它的词意是"耐洗"。英语中This cloth washes well表达的是：这布很耐洗。‎ ‎25. It's nearly seven o'clock . Jack _____ be here at any moment .‎ A. must B. need C. should D. can 答案是C项。根据语境空白处应填表示具有"随时可能"意义的情态动词。虽然can可以表示可能性，但它往往表示的是对这种可能性的怀疑。例如：Can he still be alive after all these years ?‎ ‎(这么多年之后，他还可能活在人世吗？) should除具有"应该"词义之外，还有一个含义是：will probably (将来很可能发生)又如：His uncle is working among the enemy officials now . ‎ Dangerous things should happen to him at any time .‎ ‎(他的叔叔现在在敌人的军营中工作，危险的事随时都可能发生在他身上。)‎ ‎26. I _____ you somewhere before , but your name has escaped me _____ moment .‎ A. must see ; for a moment B. must have seen ; for a moment C. must see ; for the moment D. must have seen ; for the moment 答案是D项。must与不定式的完成体连用表示对过去发生的事持肯定态度的推断，在疑问句中用can，在持否定态度的推断时用can not 。‎ 例如：He must have rid himself of his preumonia last week , for you see , he doesn't cough at all now . (他在上星期肯定治愈了他的肺炎，你看，他现在一点都不咳嗽了。)‎ ‎ for a moment表示一个动作延续了一会儿，而for the moment 则表示"目前；暂时"‎ ‎27. We're leaving at six o'clock , and hope _____ most of the journey by lunch time .‎ A. to do B. to have done C. to make D. to have made 答案是B项。要答对这道题需要两方面的知识。一是不定式的完成体用来表示这个动作发生在谓语动作之前，或是表示该动作的完成。本题中的不定式的完成体表示的正是该动作的完成，因此这句话可改写为：‎ We're leaving at six o'clock , and hope that we will have done most the journey by lunch time .‎ ‎(我们将在六点时动身，希望在午饭前走完大半路程。)第二，知识是与journey连用的不同的动词所具有的不同的内涵。词组to make a journey或to go on a journey 都表示"做一次旅行"，‎ 在这两个词组里a journey是一个整体，但是如果要表示旅程中的一部分，正确的英语则使用do这个动词，例如：‎ do some / much / most of the journey ‎(走完这个旅程的一部分/大部分/绝大部分)‎ ‎28. She was afraid _____ the dog in case it became dangerous .‎ A. of exciting B. to excite C. that she excited D. to be exciting 答案是B项。be afraid后面既可以跟不定式be afraid to sth又可以跟动名词be afraid of doing sth ,‎ 但前者的意思是：害怕/不敢做某事；后者的意思为：对可能出现的结果的发愁或忧虑，试比较以下两个句子：‎ She was afraid to wake up her husband . ( perhaps because she feared that he would be annoyed or angry ) 她不敢唤醒她的丈夫。（可能因为她害怕他会不高兴或生气）‎ She was afraid of waking up her husband . ( perhaps because he was ill , or in need of extra sleep )她担心吵醒了她的丈夫。（可能因为他生病了或需要一些额外的睡眠）‎ ‎29. The bad weather meant ______ the rocket launch (发射) for 48 hours .‎ A. delaying B. having delayed C. to delay D. to have delayed 答案是A项。mean后既可以跟不定式（mean to do sth），又可以跟名词mean doing sth，便两者内涵是有很大区别的，前者表示"故意去做；诚心去做"而后者表示"意味着要做"。据此两个不定式的选项应予以排除。虽然句中有表示延续一段时间的时间状语，但句意是：恶劣的天气意味着火箭的发射要耽搁四十八小时，"耽搁"这一动作没有也不能发生在谓语动词meant之前，所以C项也必须排除掉。‎ ‎30. Do you consider it any good _____ the truck again ?‎ A. to repair B. repairing C. repaired D. being repairing 答案是B项。在这个句子中it是形式宾语，如果这样的句子中出现了any good , no good ‎, any use 或 no use，就该使用动名词来作句中真正的宾语。‎ ‎31. ______ to somebody , a British person after shakes hands with the stranger .‎ A. Introducing B. To introduce C. To be introduced D. On being introduced 答案是D项。很明显，句中的空白处应 选用非谓语动词的被动形式。如果将C项填入空白处，虽然这个不定式是被动形式，但不定式短语处于句首或是充当目的的状语，或是充当含有虚拟意义的动名词时，其意为："一…就…"，但如介词on后带被动态的动名词，除上述意义外，还可表示："在…的时候"。D项答案的这个意义正符合上面句子的句意。‎ ‎32. _____ in thought , he almost ran into the car in front of him .‎ A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To 答案是C项。过去分词有三个用途：（1）表示被动，如：the oppressed people ( =‎ the people who are oppressed ) 被压迫的人们，‎ 又如：the exploited class ( = the class that is exploited ) 被剥削阶级；‎ ‎（2）表示完成，如：the fallen leaves ( = the leaves which have fallen ) 落叶，‎ 又如：an escaped prisoner ( = a prisoner who has run out of prison ) 一个逃犯；‎ ‎（3）表示状态，如：a broken window ( = a window that is broken ) 一扇破窗子，‎ 又如：lost in thought陷入沉思。‎ ‎33. Let us not waste ______ time we have left . ‎ the little B. little C. a little D. a little more 答案是A项，一般地说，不定代词many ,‎ little或few前是不许使用定冠词的，但是如果它们修饰的名词有特指或限定意义时，它们前面就应使用定冠词了。如：‎ I soon finished the few books she had lent me . (她借给我的那几本书，我很快就看完了。)‎ 又如：We must make full use of the contradictions among the enemies , winning over the many and opposing the few . (我们必须充分利用敌人的内部矛盾，争取多数，反对少数。)‎ ‎34. I think the doctor is able to care of _____ is the matter with your son .‎ A. all B. what C. whatever D. anything 答案是C项。与前面第19题的考查点whoever一样，whatever也具备两个意思，其一是no matter what , 引导让步状语从句；其二是anything that , 引导名词性从句，在本题中，Whatever 引导的是一个宾语从句，whatever在这个宾语从句被用作主语。‎ ‎35. We will take _____ wants to go there for a sight-seeing .‎ A. whoever B. who C. anybody D. all that 答案是A项。whoever有两个词义，（1）no matter who，在这种用法时引导一个让步状语从句，如：Whoever ( = No matter who ) it is , I do not want to see them . (无论他是谁，我都不想见。)，又如：The business would be a success , whoever ( no matter who ) owned it .‎ ‎(这个企业准能兴旺发达，甭管谁是它的主人。)；（2）anybody / that，在这种用法时，它连接一个名词性从句，在本题中它连的是主语从句，又如：I will take whoever ( anybody that ) wants to go to that beautiful park . (我要带任何想去那个美丽公园的人去那里。)‎ 在这一例句中whoever连接的是一个宾语从句 ‎36. I caught the last bus from town , but Harry came home ______ that night .‎ very late B. even later C. the same late D. the last one 答案是B项。形容词或副词的比较级在一般情况下使用在明示比较句中，但有时也使用在暗示比较句中。暗示比较现象往往出现在带有but的并列句里，或带有让步状语从句的主句里。第一分句交代的是暗示某种程度的被比对象，在第二分句里以比较级的形式出现。又如：Great as are his achievements , his ideal and spirit are still greater . (他的成就非常了不起，但他的理想和精神更伟大。)‎ ‎37. -What was the party like ? -Wonderful .‎ It is years _____ I enjoyed myself so much .‎ A. after B. when C. before D. since 答案是D项。英语中"It is + 时间"后三种不同的用法。其一是："It is + 时间+ that …"，这是强调结构的句型，如：It is always on Wednesday morning that the famous professor comes to give us a lecture about Chinese literature .‎ ‎(那位著名的教授来给我上中国文学课总是在星期三上午)；其二是："It is +一段时间before…"，这一句型的意思是：完成这个从句所发生的事所需的时间量，如：It is about a week before a Londoner can get a letter you post in Beijing today .‎ ‎(一个伦敦人要收到你今天在北京寄出的一封信需要一个星期的时间。)；其三是："It is +一段时间＋since …"这一句型表示的是从从句中动词的动作起所延续的时间。关于since这个词的内涵，详见前面的第20小题。‎ ‎38. A man does not know the difficulty of anything _____ he does it personally .‎ A. although B. if C. because D. unless 答案是D项。连词unless本身具有否定意义： ‎ if … not，引导的是否定的条件句，这种否定的条件句从反面来表达强烈的语气，一些语法学家称它为"反面的唯一条件句"又如：One cannot master a foreign language well unless he studies it hard . (不下苦功夫，是学不好的一门外国语的。)‎ ‎39. Mary ______ to see you . She _____ for you downstairs at the moment .‎ A. has come ; is waiting B. came ; is waiting C. has come ; waited D. came ; was waiting 答案是A项。思考这道题时应该使用逆向思维，即先考虑第二个空白处的选项，再考虑第一空白处的答案。因为第二句中交代了一个重要的时间状语：at the moment (现在)，因此应毫不犹豫地选择is waiting这一现在进行时的时态。据此第一句的句意也就随之清晰起来?quot;玛丽已经到这儿来看望你"很明显对表示对现在造成影响的动作要使用现在完成时态。‎ ‎40. -Have you ever seen Peter recently ?‎ ‎-Yes . He _____ me to ask you how you _____ along with your new job these days .‎ A. has asked ; have been getting B. asked ; were getting C. often asks ; are getting D. asked ; are getting 答案是D项。问方的所问被完整地给出："近来你见到彼德了吗？"答方给予的第一个答复是肯定的，那末后面解释他一彼德见面时所做事肯定是过去的事，因此第一个空应该使用asked。第二空是否受asked的制约，要由离第二个空白处最近的动词决定，离它近的是动词不定式to ask，据此根据句意，第二个空白处应该使用现在进行时。‎ ‎41.--Is　that　the　small　town　you　often　refer　to？(2005福建卷)‎ ‎--Right，just　the　one____ you　know　I　used　to　work　for　years.‎ A. that B. which C. where D. what 分析：答案是C。由语境和句子结构可知，you　know为插入语，将其去掉更易看出the　one是指the　small　town，因此该空应该填where引导定语从句。‎ ‎42.Mom　is　coming. What　present _________for　your　birthday？ (2005福建卷)‎ A. you　expect　you　have　got 　　B. you　expect　has　she　got C.do　you　expect　she　has　got 　　D.do　you　expect　has　she　got 分析：答案是C。由语境和句子结构得知，后一句为带插入语do　you　expect的特殊疑问句，插入语后面内容应视为宾语从句且采用陈述语序。‎ ‎43.It　is　what　you　do　rather　than　what　you　say______matters. (2005天津卷)‎ A. that B. what　C. which D. this 分析：答案是A。由语境和句子结构可知，该句为强调句型，被强调部分是由rather　than连接的并列主语从句担当。‎ ‎44.An awful accident, however, _____occur the other day. A. does B. did C. has to D had to 此题正确答案应选B，句末的the other day意为“前几天”，所以句子应用过去时态，而选项D填进去不合题意，故选B。此句有两个难点：一是句中插有however一词，分散了同学们的注意力；二是所填选项B为强调用法。‎ ‎45.The boss praised the young man for his hard work, though he ____ experience.‎ A. is lack of B. is lacking inC. lacks of D. is lacking of 此题答案选b，be lacking in是习语，意为“缺乏”，其后通常接experience, frankness,‎ courage等抽象名词。选a是错误的，因为lack可用做名词和动词，但不用做形容词；选c是错误的，因为lack用做动词时，它是及物动词，其后不用介词(注：用做名词的 lack后可接介词of)；选d是错误的，因为没有be lacking of这个搭配。‎