2012高考英语高频词汇单选专练1 16页

‎2012高考英语高频词汇单选专练（1）‎ ‎1. In this factory, suggestions often have to wait for months before they are fully _____.‎ A.admitted B.acknowledged C.absorbed D.considered ‎[答案] D. considered ‎[注释] considered 考虑； admit 承认； absorb 吸收。‎ ‎[注意]acknowledge ‎1) (=agree or admit the truth of; confess) 承认， 供认；‎ A. He acknowledged his mistake. (他承认了他的错误。)‎ B. 接动名词 He acknowledged having beenbeaten. (他承认被打败了。)‎ ‎2) (express thanks for) 致谢;‎ A. Mary acknowledged the gift with a pleasant letter. (玛丽致函感谢馈赠的礼物。)‎ B. His long service with the company was acknowledged with a present. (向他赠送礼品以感谢他长期来对公司的服务。)‎ ‎2. The boy slipped out of the room and headed for the swimming pool without his parents' _____.‎ A. command B. conviction C. consent D. compromise ‎[答案] C. consent ‎[注释] consent 同意， 赞成， 答应。conviction 深信, 确信。compromise 妥协， 折中。command 命令， 指令； 掌握， 运用能力。‎ ‎3. Our research has focused on a drug which is so _____ as to be able to change brain chemistry.‎ A. powerful B. influential C. monstrous D. vigorous ‎[答案] A. powerful ‎[注释] powerful (=having or producing great power) 强有力的。在这里四个形容词中, 只有powerful (有效力的) 可与表示药物的名词搭配。influential 有影响的， 有势力的， monstrous 异常大的， vigorous 精力旺盛的, 强健有力的。‎ ‎4. The lost car of the Lees was found _____ in the woods off the highway.‎ A. vanished B. abandoned C. scattered D. rejected ‎[答案] B. abandoned ‎[注释] abandoned (=give up completely) 放弃， 抛弃；‎ ‎1) The scientist abandoned his research for lack of fund.‎ ‎2) The sailors abandoned the burning ship ‎[注意]abandon暗指某人对其所抛弃的人或物将会发生什么事情不感兴趣， 如把撞坏的汽车抛弃在路旁。‎ vanish(=suddenly disappear; go out of existence) vi.消失， 绝迹；‎ ‎1) The airplane vanished into the clouds.‎ ‎2) Many kinds of animals have vanished form the earth. (许多种类的动物以在地球上绝迹。)‎ scatter(=send, go in different direction) 驱使, 使分散; The police scattered the crowed. (警察驱散人群。)‎ ‎(=throw or put in various directions) 撒， 到处放；He scattered his clothes all over the room. reject ‎(=refuse to accept) 拒绝接受； She rejected my suggestion ‎5. Henry's news report covering the conference was so _____ that nothing had been omitted.‎ A.understanding B.comprehensible C.comprehensive D.understandable ‎[答案] C. comprehensive.‎ ‎[注释] comprehensive 完全的无所不包的； comprehensible 能懂的， 可以理解的; understandable 可以理解的， 主要用来指人的行为。understanding 用来指人时, 表示"善于理解别人或别人问题的 (人) ."‎ 注意下面的搭配：a comprehensive map (街区详图) ;a comprehensible remark (听得懂的话) ,an understandable mistake (可以理解的错误) ;an understanding friend (一位能理解人的朋友) .‎ ‎6. She was afraid that unless the train speeded up she would lose her _____ to Scotland.‎ A. ticket B. place C. seat D. connection ‎[答案] D. connection ‎[注释] lose one's connection to 误了到。.....地方去的 (汽车、火车、轮船的) 联运； The train was late and I missed my connection.‎ ‎7. The ship was _____ in a storm off Jamaica.‎ A. drowned B. sunk C. wrecked D. submitted ‎[答案] C. wrecked ‎[注释] wreckvt. 撞坏， 毁坏；‎ ‎1) My son wrecked my car.‎ ‎2) My car was completely wrecked in the accident.‎ sinkvt. 下沉， 沉没， 该动词也可作及物动词用, 意为“使下沉”, 但按本题句意看， 用被动语态不妥。‎ drown 溺死， 淹死： (vt.) He drowned his wife. (vi) He drowned in the river. (他在河里淹死了。)‎ submit1) (=put oneself under the control of another) 提交， 呈送 (to) : Should a wife submit herself to her husband? (妻子应顺从他丈夫吗？)‎ ‎2) (=put forward for option, discussion, decision ect.) 提出 (供评论、讨论决定等) You must submit your request to the committee. 3) (=surrender (to) , give in) 屈服,投降：After being defeated, they submitted to the enemy. (打败后， 他们向敌人投降了。)‎ ‎8. No one has _____ been able to trace the author of the poem.‎ A. still B. yet C. already D. just ‎[答案] B. yet ‎[注释] yet 常用于现在完成时的否定句中， 意为“尚， 还”。‎ ‎9. More than one-third of the Chinese in the United States live in California, _____ in San Francisco.‎ A. previouslyB. predominantlyC practicallyD. permanently ‎[答案] B. predominantly.‎ ‎[注释] predominantly(=mostly; mainly) 主要地。‎ previously(=coming earlier in time or order) 先前, 早先； This is better than any solution previously. (这个办法比以前提出的任何解决办法都好。)‎ practically (=really; in a practical way) 实际上。‎ permanently (=going on for a long time) 永久地。‎ 本题译文：在美国， 华人中有三分之一居住在加利福尼亚洲， 其中主要是在旧金山。‎ ‎10. The new secretary has written a remarkably _____ report only in a few pages but with all the details.‎ A. concise B. clear C. precise D. elaborate ‎[答案] A. concise.‎ ‎[注释] concise(=brief; giving much information in few words) 简明扼要的：He gave a concise report of the meeting. (他对会议作了简明扼要的报道。)‎ clear清楚的。precise (=exact; correctly stated; free form error) 精确的， 明白无误的; Please tell me the precise measurements. (请告诉我精确的尺寸。)‎ elaborate(=worked out with much care; carefully prepared) 精心制作的, 丰盛的：Peter worked out an elaborate scheme for raising the money. (彼得制定了一项详尽得计划来筹集着笔款项。)‎ 孤立地看， 似乎4个形容词均能修饰report, 但从句子的逻辑关系看， 后半句中有only in a few pages but with all the details, 故concise 是最贴切的选择了 ‎2012高考英语高频词汇单选专练（2）‎ ‎1. The managing director took the _____ for the accident, although it was not really his fault.‎ A. guilt B. charge C. blame D. accusatio ‎[答案] C. blame.‎ ‎[注释]take the blame for 对......承担责任。Take charge of 负责管理 (照顾) 。‎ ‎[注意]charge 前无冠词the.‎ ‎2. The worker agreed to _____ the strike if the company would satisfy their demands.‎ A. call for B. call forth C. call off D. call up ‎[答案] C. call off ‎3. I could just see a car in the distance, but I couldn't _____ what color it was.‎ A. look out B. make out C. get across D. take after ‎[答案] B. make out ‎4. He has impressed his employers considerably and _____ he is soon to be promoted.‎ A. eventually B. yet C. finally D. accordingly ‎[答案] D. accordingly.‎ ‎[注释]accordingly (=for that reason, therefore) 因此, 所以。‎ ‎5. It was a great _____ for him to be pleasant to people he didn't like.‎ A. attempt B. trouble C. power D. effort ‎[答案] D. effort.‎ ‎[注释] effort (作可数名词用) (=vigorous attempt) 努力的尝试：Does it require a great effort of will to give up smoking? (戒烟需要坚强的毅力吗？)‎ ‎6. The firemen managed to _____ the fire in time.‎ A. extinguish B. prevent C. suppress D. ruin ‎[答案] A. extinguish.‎ ‎[注释] extinguish (=put out) vt. 扑灭 (火焰等) 。Stop the fire虽然也可以搭配, 但按本句题意用extinguish为最佳。‎ ‎7. What is most obvious in this book are all those details of daily living which make Mrs. Richard _____ common.‎ A. nothing butB. anything butC. above all D.rather than ‎[答案] B. anything but.‎ ‎[注释]anything but (=far from being) 根本不; The boys knew they bad broken the rules, and they were anything but happy when they were called to the office. (=They were unhappy and afraid.)‎ nothing but只不过; Don't have him for a friend; he's nothing but a criminal. (不要把他当朋友, 他只不过是个罪犯。) I have nothing but two dollars. (我只有2美元。)‎ above all最重要的。rather than 而不是 ‎8. The car was completely _____ and the driver seriously injured.‎ A. broken off B. taken off C. written off D. picked up ‎[答案] C. written off.‎ ‎[注释] write off报废 ‎9. On this happy occasion, I'd like to say that we are _____ much obliged to you for your kind cooperation.‎ A. even so B. ever so C. as yet D. so far ‎[答案] B. ever so.‎ ‎[注释]ever so(=very) 非常; It's ever so cold.与名词搭配时则用ever such, 如：She's ever such a nice girl. (她是一位非常好的姑娘。)‎ even so(=although that is true, nevertheless; still) 即使如此：The fire was out, but even so, the smell of smoke was strong. (=The fire was out, but the smell was still there.)‎ ‎10. His new appointment takes _____ from the beginning of next month.‎ A. place B. effect C. post D. office ‎[答案] B. effect.‎ ‎[注释]take effect 生效。‎ ‎2012高考英语高频词汇单选专练（3）‎ ‎1. The policeman stopped him when he was driving home and _____ him of speeding.‎ A. charged B. accused C. blamed D. deprived ‎[答案] B. accused.‎ ‎[注释]accuse sb. of... 控告某人犯有......, warn sb. of警告、告戒某人有......deprive sb. of sth.剥夺某人某事。charge sb. with murder (指控某人犯有杀人罪) 。‎ ‎2. Mr. Smith gradually _____ a knowledge of the subject.‎ A. attained B. achieved C. required D. acquired ‎[答案] D. acquired.‎ ‎[注释]acquired(=gain for oneself by skill or ability, by one's own efforts or behavior) (由技术、能力、努力或行为) 获得; 得到：He has acquired a good command of English language. (他已精通英语。)‎ achieve, vt. 取得 (胜利、成功等) , 实现 (目标、目的等) 。‎ attain, vt. 达到 (目的等) , 取得 (成就等) ：‎ ‎1) I hope you will attain your object. (我希望你会达到你的目的。)‎ ‎2) He attained success through hard work.‎ ‎3. This is the _____ piano on which the composer created some of his greatest works.‎ A. actual B. genuine C. real D. original ‎[答案] A. actual ‎[注释]本题中actual(=existing in fact, not imaginary) 实际使用过的。actual, read, genuine是同义词, 有时可以互换, 如：an actual (or real) event in history, (历史上的真实件)‎ real(or genuine) banknotes (真钞票), 其反义词是false (假的) ;‎ original(原来的) , 其反义词是duplicate (复制的) 。‎ 从不同的角度看, 似乎任何一个选择都说得过去, 但按照题意选A. actual 最佳, 因为题中强调的不是钢琴的真假, 而是指作曲家“实际使用过的”。‎ 本题译文：这是作曲家创作他的一些杰出作品时实际使用过的那台钢琴。‎ ‎4. My camera can be _____ to take pictures in cloudy or sunny conditions.‎ A. treated B. adopted C. adjusted D. remedied ‎[答案] C. adjusted.‎ ‎[注释]adjust(=arrange, put in order or agreement; make suitable or convenient for use) 强调, 调节, 使适应;‎ ‎1)The body adjusts itself to change of temperature. (身体能自行调节以适应温度的变化。)‎ ‎2)My eyes have not been adjusted to dark yet. (我的眼睛还没有适应黑暗。) 本句中adjust是不及物动词。‎ ‎3)I must adjust my watch. It's slow. (我必须调一下我的表。它走得慢了。)‎ ‎5. According to the psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud, wisdom comes from the _____ of maturity.‎ A. fulfillment B. achievement C. establishment D. accomplishment ‎[答案] B. achievement ‎[注释]achievement(=something successfully finished or gained especially through skill and hard work) 取得, 达到, 成就。例如：achievement age智力成熟年龄。‎ fulfilment(=the act of fulfilling or condition of being fulfilled) 履行, 实行。如：He was willing to face any hardship in fulfilment of his duties. (他愿意迎向困难去履行他得职责 establishment建立,建设。‎ Accomplishment (顺利) 完成：It was a great accomplishment to finish the house cleaning in two days. (两天内打扫完这栋屋子是件很了不起的事。)‎ ‎6. The number of tickets _____ will be determined by the size of the stadium.‎ A. adaptable B. acceptable C. advisable D. available ‎[答案] D. available.‎ ‎[注释] available. (=capable of being used; that may be obtained) 可用的, 有效的, 可得到的。例如：‎ ‎1) There are no doctors available in the remote areas. (在边远地区没有大夫。)‎ ‎2) There tickets are available for on month. (这些票有效期一个月。)‎ acceptable可以接受的：None of the suggestions was acceptable. advisable 明智的, 可取的, 适当的：I think it advisable that he be assigned to the job. (我认为指派他干这项工作是可取的。)‎ adaptable能适应的：He is an adaptable man and will soon learn the new work.‎ ‎7. Too many hotels have been built and this has _____ prices, making holidays cheaper.‎ A. cut short B. cut out C. cut off D. cut down ‎[答案] D. cut down.‎ ‎[注释] cut down ‎8. He is a very honest official and never _____ any gifts from the people who sought his help.‎ A. accepted B. received C. took up D. excepted ‎[答案] A. accepted ‎[注释] receive 收到, 接到, 指“收, 接”这一动作; 而accept 是经过考虑“接受”下来, 表示当事人的态度, 如：I received the present, but I did not accept it. (我收到了这件礼物, 但我没有接受。)‎ ‎9. He was not _____ to the club because he wasn't a member.‎ A. allowed B. admitted C. permitted D. approved ‎[答案] B. admitted.‎ ‎[注释] admit sb. to(=allow sb. or sth. to enter; let in) 允许某人某物进入; 让......进入：‎ ‎1) Children are not admitted. (儿童免进)‎ ‎2)Only one hundred boys are admitted to the school the school every year. (这所学校每年只收100名男生。)‎ admit (=acknowledge; confess) 承认, 供认：‎ ‎1) We have to admit that he is a highly competent man. (我们不得不承认他是一位能力很强的人)‎ ‎2) The thief admitted his crime.‎ ‎3) She admitted having read the letter,‎ ‎4) I admit breaking the window. 注意admit后可接动名词的一般式或完成式。‎ ‎5) We must admit the task to be difficult。注意admit也可以接复合结构。allow和permit后均可接sb. to do sth., 故不合本题题意。‎ approve sth. 批准; approve of doing sth. (=think well of) 赞成, 赞许：‎ ‎1) I am afraid they won't approve of your going there. (恐怕他们不会赞成你去那里的)‎ ‎2) I don't approve of your way of looking at things. (我不赞同你看待事情的方法。)‎ ‎10. Although he doesn't like that law, he will _____ with it.‎ A. confine B. conform C. comply D. contend ‎[答案] C. comply ‎[注释] comply with 遵守。新东方网高考频道整理一系列2012高考高频词汇训练题及答案解析、帮助考生在最短的时间内掌握2012高考常考词汇，争取在最短的时间内抢得最多的分数……‎ ‎2012高考英语高频词汇单选专练（4）来源：天星 更新日期：2012-05-16 点击：68‎ ‎1. Motorists _____ of speeding may be banned from driving for a year.‎ A. convicted B. arrested C. charged D. judged ‎[答案] A. convicted.‎ ‎[注释]be convicted to 被判有...... (罪) ：He was convicted of murder. (他被法院判有谋杀罪。)‎ ‎2. The reason why he adapted to the new situations quickly is that he has a _____ attitude.‎ A. changeable B. alternate C. movable D. flexible ‎[答案] D. flexible.‎ ‎[注释] flexible 灵活的, 可变通的; We need a foreign policy that is more flexible.‎ ‎3. Will all those _____ the proposal raise their hands?‎ A. in relation to B. in excess of C. in contrast to D. in favor of ‎[答案] D. in favor of.‎ ‎[注释] in favor of 赞成。in excess of 超过。in relation to 关系到。in contrast to 与......相对照。例如：‎ ‎1) Everyone in the class voted in favor of the party. (=All of the children voted to have a party.)‎ ‎2) We got $5000 in excess of the fixed sum. (我们盯定额多收入5000美元。)‎ ‎3) This appears small in contrast to (with) that. (这个同那个对比起来显得小了。)‎ ‎4) I have a lot to say in relation to that affair. (我对那件事有许多话要说。)‎ ‎5) We must plan in (with) relation to the future. (我们定计划时要考虑到将来。)‎ 本题译文：请所有赞成此项建议的人举手。‎ ‎4. An early typewriter produced letters quickly and neatly; the typist, _____ couldn't see his work on his machine.‎ A. however B. therefore C. yet D. although ‎[答案] A. however.‎ ‎[注释] however 然而。‎ 本题译文：早期的打字机打起字来又快又整齐, 然而打字员不能看着机器键盘打字。‎ ‎5. We are interested in the weather because it _____ us so directly ------ what we wear, what we do, and even how we feel.‎ A. benefits B. guides C. affects D. effects ‎[答案] C. affects.‎ ‎[注释] affect (=have an influence or effect on) 影响：The climate affected his health. (气候影响[损害]了他的健康。)‎ ‎[注意]affect vt. 影响。‎ effectn. (=influence) 影响, 作用：Some films have a misleading effect on children.‎ effectvt. (=bring about) 实行, 进行, 产生......后果:‎ ‎1) I will effect my purpose: no-one shall stop me!‎ ‎2) We hope to effect an improvement. (我们希望能引起改进。)‎ 注意两个常用的习语:‎ ‎1) to that effect 那个意思的 (话) ：She said she hated spinach, or words to that effect. (她说她不喜欢吃菠菜或那个意思的话。)‎ ‎2) to the effect that... 意思是说, 表示下述意思：I said a few words the effect that all he had told us was already well known. (我说了几句话, 意思是说他告诉我们的一切都已众所周知。)‎ ‎6. I can meet you at eight o'clock; _____ you can call for me.‎ A. incidentally B. actually C. alternatively D. accordingly ‎[答案] C. alternatively ‎[注释]alternatively (=as an alternative) 作为一个替代办法：If however is used, but is not needed; or alternatively omit however. (如果使用however,就不需要but;或者作为一个替代办法省去however。)‎ ‎[注意]alternately 和 alternatively的区别:‎ alternately (交替地) ：At a Chinese dinner, the guests and the hosts sit alternately at a round table.‎ ‎7. He has the _____ of an athlete: he really goes all out to win.‎ A. instants B. instances C. instincts D. intelligences ‎[答案] C. instincts.‎ ‎[注释] instinct 天生的本领。instant n. 瞬间, 时刻; adj. 立即的, 直接的。如：instant coffee 速溶咖啡; instant food (s) 方便食品。例如：Spaceships are stocked with a variety of instant foods. (宇宙飞船上备有各种个样的方便食品。)‎ ‎8. A university is an educational institution which _____ degrees and carries out research.‎ A. rewards B. awards C. grants D. presents ‎[答案] B. awards.‎ ‎[注释]awards sb. sth. 授于某人某物。如：They awarded John the first prize. (他们授于约翰一等奖。)‎ 对比：reward sb with sth. 以某物酬谢某人, 须加介词with; They rewarded the boy with $5 for bringing back the lost dog. (他们给这男孩5美元酬谢他把丢失的狗找回来。)‎ grant(=consent to give or allow what is asked for) 同意 (给予) , 答应 (请求) ：The firm granted him a pension. (公司同意给予他退休金。)‎ present sb. with sth.赠送：Our class presented the school with a picture. (我们班给学校送了一幅画。)‎ present颁发, 呈递：‎ ‎1) The principal will present the diplomas. (校长将颁发文凭。)‎ ‎2) We shall present a complete report to the Annual Conference. (我们将向年会递交一份全面的报告。)‎ 本题句意是：大学是授予学位和进行研究的教育机构。可见, 本题应选award.‎ ‎9. The old lady can't hope to _____ her cold in a few days.‎ A. get over B. get off C. hold back D. hold up ‎[答案] A. get over ‎10. Jim's plans to go to college _____ at the last moment.‎ A. fell out B. gave away C. gave off D. fell through ‎[答案] D. fell through，未能实现 ‎2012高考英语高频词汇单选专练（5）‎ ‎1. The Department is also deeply _____ in various improvement schemes.‎ A. connected B. included C. involved D. implied ‎[答案] C. involved.‎ ‎[注释]be involved in 参与。Be included in 包括在......中。‎ ‎2. Keys should never be hidden around the house since thieves _____ know where to look.‎ A. virtually B. variously C. unavoidably D. invariably ‎[答案] D. invariably.‎ ‎[注释]invariably 总是, 不变地。Virtually 事实上, 实际上。unavoidably不可避免地。‎ ‎3. The boy had a _____ escape when he ran across the road in front of the bus.‎ A. close B. short C. narrow D. fine ‎[答案] C. narrow.‎ ‎[注释]have a narrow escape 幸免遇难。‎ ‎4. Do you mind if I _____ with my work while you are getting tea ready.‎ A. get through B. turn to C. carry on D. come on ‎[答案] C. carry on.‎ ‎5. I left for the office earlier than usual this morning _____ traffic jam.‎ A. in line with B. in case of C. for the sake of D. at the risk of ‎[答案] B. in case of.‎ ‎[注释] in case of以防 In line with(=in agreement with) 与......一致, 符合：His actions were not in line with his belief.本句中in line with...作表语。‎ In line with history and social evolution socialism is inevitable.本句中in line with引导地短语作状语, 意为“按照”。‎ For the sake of为了......起见。‎ At the sake of冒......的风险。‎ ‎6. The finance minister has not been so _____ since he raised taxes to such a high level.‎ A. popular B. well-known C. favorable D. preferable ‎[答案] A. popular.‎ ‎[注释]popular 此处意为“ (=liked and admired) 受爱戴的, 有名声或声望的”。‎ ‎7. It is wrong for someone in such a high _____ in the government to behave too badly in public.‎ A. situation B. position C. employment D. profession ‎[答案] B. position.‎ ‎[注释]position 此句中指“地位” (不可数, 有时加不定冠词), 如：‎ ‎1) She was a woman of high position.‎ ‎2) a high (low) position society.‎ ‎8. We all knew from the very _____ that the plan would fail.‎ A. outcome B. outset C. income D. output ‎[答案] B. outset.‎ ‎[注释] outset 开端, 开始, from the very outset (从一开始) 。outbreak爆发, 发生。outcome结局. income 收入。output 产量。‎ ‎9. He looked rather untidy as there were two buttons _____ from his coat.‎ A. loosing B. losing C. off D. missing ‎[答案] D. missing.‎ ‎[注释]missing 缺少的; a book with some missing pages. (缺页书) 。‎ ‎10. Lawyers often make higher _____ for their work than they should.‎ A. bills B. charges C. prices D. costs ‎[答案] B. charges.‎ ‎[注释]make charges for对......收 (费) ;索 (价) 。charge也可以用作动词, 表示“收费,‎ ‎ 索价”, 如：‎ ‎1) We don't charge anything for that. (对此我们不收费。)‎ ‎2) How much do you charge for a haircut? (理个发要收多少钱？)‎