广东高考英语复习系列语法填空考点概括及习题整理打印版 8页

语法填空考点概括及习题 考点1. 动词的时态和语态 ‎(1). The sun was setting down when my car ______ ( break ) down near a remote and poor village . ( 07广东) ( broke )‎ ‎(2). Being too anxious to help an event develop often ________ ( result ) in the contrary to our intention. （ 08广东）( results )‎ ‎(3).People stepped on your feet or ______ ( push ) you with their elbows.（09广东）(pushed )‎ ‎(4).“Your father has at last decided to stop smoking,” Jane ________ ( inform ).（09广东）( was informed )‎ ‎(5).After a four-day journey, the young man ______ ( present ) the water to the old man.‎ ‎（10广东）( presented )‎ ‎(6). He ______( pretend ) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice.（11广东）‎ ‎（was pretending ）‎ 小结： 动词的时态、语态是每年的考点， 也是历年高考重点考查的项目，通常1-2道题。 重点考查的是时态 ，且多与语态一起考查。时态理解错误在考生中是常见的， 把握命题人的意图是至关重要的。‎ ‎ 解题时：‎ ‎1).先判断所给动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词，‎ ‎2). 谓语动词的话， 判断用主动语态还是被动语态，‎ ‎3). 判断用那种时态（根据具体的语境、时间状语或另一动词）。‎ ‎4). 确定所填动词的形式，保证谓语动词时态、语态、人称和数的一致。‎ ‎5). 特别注意：时态变化时不规则动词的拼写。‎ 考点2 . 非谓语动词 ‎ (1). While she was getting me _______ ( settle ) into a tiny but clean room. （ 07广东）（settled）‎ ‎ (2). The Proverb, “ Plucking up a crop ________( help ) it grow,” is based the following story.（08广东） ( to help )‎ ‎ (3). She wished that he was as easy ________ ( please ) as her mother.（09广东）( to please ) ‎ ‎ (4). He spit it out , ______ ( say ) it was awful.（10广东） ( saying ) ‎ ‎ (5). --- and then I noticed a man ______ ( sit ) at the front.（11广东）( sitting / sit ) ‎ 小结： 非谓语动词每年必考， 至少1道题， 主要考查：‎ ‎1). 动名词和不等式做宾语的区别；‎ ‎2). 非谓语动词做宾补的区别；‎ ‎3). 非谓语动词的时态、语态、否定式和复合结构。‎ 解题：‎ 1) 确定非谓语动词；（先分析句子结构，若句子已有谓语动词且不是并列谓语时，所给的动词就是非谓语动词） ‎ 2) 确定用那种非谓语动词；（在句子中作什么句子成分，结合固定搭配和习惯用法）‎ 3) 确定语态；（结合与逻辑主语的关系，确定填那种语态）‎ 4) 确定用那种时态；（ 非谓语动词所表示的动作与句中谓语动词的动作生的先后关系确定时态）‎ 考点3. 情态动词 （ 广东高考这几年没出现）‎ 小结： 情态动词主要考查： 推测和可能性； 情态动词+ Have done ；‎ 虚拟语气； shall, should, can 和 must 所表示的特定语气。‎ 重点注意：‎ ‎1).must , can, could, may, might 表示可能性( 按可能性大小排列 )。‎ ‎2). must/ could/may/ might ( have done) 表示对发生事情的推测。‎ ‎3).should/ought + to + have done 表示对过去的责备。‎ ‎4).will/ shall 表示请求、许可。‎ ‎5). could /might/ should + have done 表示虚拟语气等。‎ 考点4. 冠词 （1） ‎.--- the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to _____ small town some 20 kilometers away. ( 07 广东) ( a )‎ （2） Shopping at this time of the year was not ______ pleasant experience. ( 09 广东) ( a )‎ （3） A young man came across a spring of clear water, _______ water was sweet.‎ ‎ ( 10 广东) ( the )‎ （4） We had _______ amazing conversation. ( 11 广东) ( an )‎ 小结： 冠词是高考的常考点。 若空格后面的名词 或 形容词+ 名词前没有物主代词、不定代词、名词所有格、指示代词等限定词时， 很可能填冠词。实战：‎ ‎1) . 如果空格及后面的名词可翻译成“ 一个 （ 本、种、杯 ------） ” 时， 一般填 a/an. ‎ 如果可翻译成“ 这、这些、那、那些 ”时， 一般填 the .‎ ‎2) . 泛指填aan , 特指填the.‎ ‎3). 如果名词后面有: of 短语、不定式、分词或从句等做定语时可能填the. ‎ 定冠词的用法比较不好记，下面的顺口溜或许能帮助大家。‎ ‎ 特指双熟悉， 上文已提及；‎ ‎ 世上独无二， 序数最高级；‎ ‎ 普转专有名， 习语及乐器。‎ 考点5. 名词、数词 ‎(1).But Jane knew from past experience that her _______( choose ) of ties hardly ever pleased her father. ( 09 广东36) ( choice )‎ 小结： 要注意 语境中词性的判断、词的转换、序号和倍数的表示法。广东考题常给出提示词要求用它的正确形式填空 做法： ‎ 1. 判断是否填名词；（一般在冠词、物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格和一些不定代词后面）；‎ 2. 注意名词的活用和具体的考查方式；‎ 1) 考名词的书写方式 2) 单复数变化；‎ 3) 是不可数名词具体化（ 不可数名词在特定的情况下可转化成可数名词）；‎ 4) 名词修饰名词等。‎ 考点6. 形容词、副词 ‎(1). We drank together and talked ______ ( merry) till far into the night.（07 广东38） ( merrily )‎ ‎(2). He felt very happy since the crop did “grow” _______ ( high ). ( 08 广东38) ( higher )‎ ‎(3). His teacher took a deep drink, smiled _______ ( warm)，and thanked his student very much for the sweet water. （10广东34） ( warmly )‎ ‎(4).“You tasted the water. I tasted the gift. The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love. Nothing could be _________( sweet).”（10广东39） ( sweeter )‎ ‎(5). I left it early because I had an appointment _______ ( late ) that day. ( 11 广东 16 )( later )‎ ‎(6). He must be _________ ( mental ) disabled. （ 11 广东 20 ） ( mentally )‎ 小结： 主要考查点是 形容词作定语、形容词和副词的比较级、 形容词和副词的相互转换等。 实战：‎ ‎1). 先分析句子成分， 作定语、表语、补语等用形容词；修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词短语、或整个句子用副词；注意： 形容词（短语）可作伴随状语或结果状语。‎ ‎2). 结合上下文，分清句子结构，正确处理级的变化；注意隐含的比较级。‎ ‎3). 注意特殊的形容词、副词的比较等级的句型。‎ ‎4) .注意比较级的修饰词: 表“ 稍微” a bit, a little , some , any； 表“------得多” much, very much, far, a great/good deal, by far, a lot ; 表 “ 更加 ” still, even, rather, yet 等以及另外一些表程度的修饰词 （ 序数、 倍数、分数、 百分数等）‎ 考点7. 代词 ‎(1). That night my hostess had one of the hens end up in a dish on my table . ______ villagers brought me goat’s cheese and hone. （07 广东37） ( other / some )‎ ‎(2). I wanted to reward the old woman for the trouble I had caused ______. （ 07 广东40 ）( her )‎ ‎(3). A short-tempered man was anxious to help __ ___ rice crop grow up quickly.（08 广东34）( his )‎ ‎(4). He was thinking about _______ day and night.（08 广东35） ( this/ it )‎ ‎(5). She remember how difficult ______ was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father.（09 广东31） ( it ) ‎ ‎( 6). Although her father smoked a pipe only once in a while, she knew that this was a present which was bound to please _______ . (09 广东38) ( him ) ‎ ‎( 7). After the student left, the teacher let _______ student taste the water. （10广东36）( another ) ‎ (8) ‎“Sir, the water was awful. Why did you pretend to like ______?” ( 10广东38) ( it ) ‎ ‎(9). Behind him were other people to whom he was trying to talk, but after some minutes________ walked away and sat near me , looking annoyed. ( 11广东 22) ( they )‎ 小结： 广东高考连续四年皆占2 题。常考点：‎ ‎⑴. 不定代词的用法。‎ ‎⑵. 替代词 it, that, those , one/ ones 的用法。 ‎ ‎⑶. it 的特殊用法。‎ ‎⑷. 指示代词 this, that, these, those, such 等的用法。‎ ‎⑸. 人称代词格的变化。‎ ‎⑹. 物主代词、反身代词及疑问代词的用法。 ‎ 应考虑的问题：‎ ‎⑴ 代词代的是人还是物。‎ ‎⑵ 代词代的是可数名词还是不可数名词。‎ ‎⑶. 代词代的是特指还是泛指。‎ ‎⑷. 代词指代的概念是表示两者之间还是三者或三者以上。‎ ‎⑸. 代词表示的是肯定还是否定概念。‎ ‎⑹. 修饰名词的不定代词（ another, the other, many, much, either, neither, ‎ both, any, all, each 等）‎ 考点8. 介词 ‎(1). I realized that the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to who should have the honor of receiving me ______ a guest in their house.（07广东33） ( as )‎ (2) ‎----, I wanted to reward the old woman ____ the trouble I had caused her.（07广东40） ( for ) ‎ (3) ‎---. _____ these proverbs there are often interesting stories.（08广东31）( Behind )‎ ‎(4). He was very tired _______ doing this for a whole day. （08 广东36）( after )‎ ‎(5). She found some good quality pipes _______ sale.（09广东37） ( on ) ‎ ‎(6). When Jane got home , with her small but well-chosen present in her bag, her parents were already ______ table having dinner. （09 广东39） ( at ) ‎ ‎(7). The young man went home _______ a happy heart ( 10 广东) ( with )‎ ‎(8). I didn’t like leaving him ________ one’s own, either. ( 11广东23 ) ( o n ) ‎ 小结： 广东高考连续四年皆有，前三年占2题，2010，2011年各一题。‎ 考点： ‎ ⑴. 介词与动词、名词、形容词的习惯搭配。 ‎ ⑵. 常用介词的用法。‎ 要弄清楚： ‎ 1. 可以作宾语（ 介宾或动宾）的结构（名词、代词、动名词、从句 ）‎ 2. 若空格后是上面提到的结构且不在句中作主语，又不在动词后面作宾语，那么这个空格就很可能用介词。‎ 3. 习惯搭配 就靠大家多记、多积累。‎ 考点9. 从句 ‎( 定语从句、状语从句、名词性从句 )‎ ‎（ 广东高考: 07年考2题,who, where; 08年2题that, but; 09年1题 where; 10年2题 that, when, 11年 2题 until / till , whom ）‎ ‎ 若两个句子（ 含有两个主谓结构）之间没有句号或分号，也没有连词，那空格要填上连词，否则， 句子的结构不完整。‎ 一、（ 定语从句 ）‎ (1) The head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to a small town some 20 kilometers away ______ there was a garage . （07 广东） ( where )‎ (2) Jane paused in front of a counter ______ some attractive ties were on display. （09广东）( where ) ‎ ‎(3). He filled his leather container so that he could bring some back to an elder ______ had been his teacher. (10 广东) ( who ) ‎ ‎(4). Behind him were other people to ______ he was trying to talk, but after some minutes they walked away and sat near me, looking annoyed.( 11 广东21) ( whom )‎ ‎ 小结：‎ ‎ 考点： 关系代词和关系副词的选用、 非限定性定语从句。‎ ‎ 热点： 由 whose, where, when, that, as 和“ 介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。‎ ‎ 注意： 1. when 引导的定语从句 ‎ 2. where 引导的定语从句和状语从句、表语从句的区别 ‎ 3. which 引导非限定性定语从句和并列句的区别 ‎ 4. as 和which的区别、， such --- as 和the same ---as 的用法。‎ ‎ 5. 分隔式定语从句的识别 ‎ 6. 只能用that 不用that 的情况 ‎ 7. 同位语从句和定语从句的区别 ‎ 8. 定语从句的主谓一致 二、 （ 状语从句 ）‎ ‎(1). He was very tired after doing this a whole day, ______ he felt very happy since the crop did “ grow” higher. ( 08广东) ( but )‎ ‎(2). My friend walked me to the bus stop and waited with me _______ the bus arrived.( 11广东17) ( till / until )‎ 三． （名词性从句）‎ ‎(1). --- I realized that the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to _______ should have the honor of receiving me as a guest in their house. ( 07广东) ( who )‎ ‎(2). --- he came up with an idea ______ he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches.‎ ‎ (08广东) ( that ) ‎ ‎(3). We understand this lesson best _________ we receive gifts of love from children.( 10广东) ( that ) ‎ 考点10.‎ 特殊句式（ 简单句、并列句、强调句、省略句、祈使句、倒装句、反义疑问句和there be 句式的用法等）‎ 填词：‎ ‎(1). It is often said that the joy of traveling is _____ in arriving at your destination ______ in the journey itself. （ not, but ）‎ ‎(2). I thought we’d be late for the concert, ______ we ended up getting there ahead of time. ( but )‎ ‎(3). The artist was born poor, _______ poor he remained all his life. ( and )‎ ‎(4). In some places women are expected to earn money ______ men work at home and raise their children. ( while )‎ ‎(5). He found it increasingly difficult to read , ______ his eyesight was beginning to fail. ( for )‎ ‎(6). Stand over there _______ you’ll be able to see the oil painting better. ( and )‎ ‎(7). It was not until midnight _______ they reached the camp site. ( that )‎ ‎(8). Not until the motorbike looked almost new ______ he stop repairing and cleaning it.(did )‎ ‎(9). Only when I left my parents for Italy ______ I realize how much I loved them. ( did )‎ ‎(10). You have no idea how she finished the relay race _______ her foot wounded so much. ( with )‎ ‎(11). The computer was used in teaching. As a result, not only _______ teachers’ energy saved, but students became more interested in lessons. ( was )‎ ‎(12). Some of you may have finished Unit one. If ____, you can go on to Unit two. ( so )‎ (13) ‎_______ is the power of TV that it can make a person suddenly famous. ( Such )‎ ‎(14). I traveled to the Binhai New Area by light railway every day, and _____ do many businessmen ‎ who live in downtown Tianjin. ( so )‎ ‎( 15). Once _______ ( ask), everyone needs to co-operate without hesitation. (asked )‎ 小结：‎ 考点：⑴. 强调句 ⑵. 倒装句 ⑶. 并列句 ⑷. 祈使句 ⑸. 省略句 注意： 句子的结构、 主谓一致、 时态、语态 。‎ 考点11. 派生词（ 词性变换）‎ ‎(1). Most of the _______( Africa ) are still living in poverty. （ Americans ）‎ ‎(2). China’s ___________ ( develop) of economy needs more careful planning. ( development )‎ ‎(3). Can you tell me the ______ ( long) of the Great Wall ? ( length ) ‎ ‎(4). I’m very thankful for your ________ ( help ) me. ( helping)‎ ‎(5). Going out for a part-time job can ______ ( rich ) one’s social experience. ( enrich )‎ ‎(6). He ______ ( achievement) a lot in the field of science in the past ten years. ( has achieved)‎ ‎(7). The article ________ ( simple ) to make it easy for students to understand.‎ ‎( has been simplified )‎ ‎(8). What’s the _______ ( rich ) businessman in China ? ( richest )‎ ‎(9). He has become the ________( clever ) of the two. ( cleverer )‎ (10. I hope the dream that becoming a _________ ( piano) will come true. ( pianist )‎ ‎(11). He is __________ ( comfort ) because he’s ill. ( uncomfortable )‎ ‎(12). I was sorry to find him ________ ( conscious ) of the importance of study.(unconscious )‎ ‎(13). The boy jumped up and down _________ ( happy) at the news. ( happily)‎ ‎(14). The old lady is _______ ( extreme ) glad to see her daughter come back. ( extremely)‎ ‎(15). The lady was broken down by a car . _________ ( fortunate ) there was no one nearby. (unfortunately)‎ ‎(16). This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their ________ ( nature ) course. ‎ ‎（08 广东）(natural )‎ ‎(17). But Jane knew from her past experience that her ________ ( choose ) of ties hardly ever pleased her father. （ 09 广东）(choice )‎ 小结：‎ 派生词每年都有， 要求考生分析句子成分和结构， 判断空格考查的词类，再结合上下文和构词法填上适当的词形。‎ 注意： 词的前后缀 ， 特别是否定前缀。‎ 总结: 语法填空七字诀：‎ ‎ “全”： 看完整句；‎ ‎“位” ：确定空格所处的位置，分清在句子当中充当什么作用；‎ ‎“考”： 知道考什么；‎ ‎“形” 知道用什么形式（主被动，词性的变化，特别是不规则词形的变化和书写等）；‎ ‎“断”： 对于长难句，要学会断句（断成相对完整的小单位，使空格的位置明朗化）；‎ ‎“删”： 对于复杂句，要学会删掉修饰部分，让句子的基本结构浮出水面。‎ ‎“查”： 填完后，读一遍，看是否自然通顺、前后一致、符合逻辑，看整体是否完整。‎ ‎（2009 广东卷）‎ ‎ Jane was walking round the department store., she remembered how difficult __⑴____ was to ‎ choose a suitable Christmas present for her father. She wished that he was as easy _____⑵___ ( pleased ) as her mother, who was always delighted with perfume.‎ ‎ Besides, shopping at this time of the year was not ____⑶____ pleasant experience: people stepped on your feet or ____⑷__ ( push) you with their elbows(肘部)， burying ahead to get to a bargain.‎ ‎ Jane paused in front of a counter ____⑸___ some attractive ties were on display. “ They are real silk.” The assistant tried to attract her. “ Worth double the price.” But Jane knew from past experience that her ___⑹_____( choose) of ties hardly ever pleased her father.‎ ‎ Jane stopped where a small crowd of men had gathered. She found some good quality pipes ___⑺____ sale. She did not hesitate for long : although her father smoked a pipe only once in a while, she knew that this was a present which was bound to please ____⑻______.‎ ‎ When Jane got home, with her small but well-chosen present in her bag, her parents were already ______⑼___ table having supper. Her mother was excited. “ Your father has at last decided to stop smoking,” Jane _____⑽_____ ( inform).‎ ‎（2010 广东卷）‎ ‎ A young man, while traveling through a desert, came across a spring of clear water.‎ ‎___⑴_____ water was sweet. He filled his leather container so that he could bring some back to an elder____⑵_____ had been his teacher. After a four-day journey, the young man ___⑶___( present) the water to the old man. His teacher took a deep drink, smiled ___⑷_____( warm), and thanked his student very much for the sweet water. The young man went home____⑸_____ a happy heart.‎ ‎ After the student left, the teacher let __⑹______ student taste the water. He spit out, ___⑺____( say) it was awful. Apparently, it was no longer fresh because of the old leather container. He asked his teacher, “ Sir, the water was awful. Why did you pretend to like ___⑻_____?”‎ ‎ The teacher replied, “You tasted the water. I tasted the gift. The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love. Nothing could be ____⑼____( sweet).”‎ ‎ We understand this lesson best ___⑽____ we receive gifts of love from children. Whether it is a cheap pipe or a diamond necklace, the proper response is appreciation. We love the idea within the gift rather than the thing.‎ ‎（ 2011广东卷）‎ ‎ One Sunday morning in August I went to a local music festival, I left it early because I had an appointment ___1____ ( late ) that day. My friend walked me to the bus stop and waited with me ___2_____ the bus arrived. I got on the bus and found a seat near the back, and then I noticed a man _3____ ( sit ) at the front. He ____4____ ( pretend ) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice. He must be ____5___ ( mental ) disabled.‎ ‎ Behind him were other people to __6___ he was trying to talk, but after some minutes ____7____ walked away and sat near me , looking annoyed .‎ I didn’t wanted to be laughed at for talking to him but I didn’t like leaving him ___8____ one’s own, either.‎ After a while, I rose from my seat and walked to the front of the bus. I sat next to the man and introduced myself. We had ___9___ amazing conversation. He got off the bus before me and I felt very happy the rest of the way home.‎ I’m glad I made a choice. It made _10____ of us feel good. ‎ 参考答案： ‎ ‎09年： 1. it 2. to please 3. a. 4. pushed 5. where 6. choice 7. on 8. him 9. at 10. was informed. ‎ ‎10年： 1. The 2. who 3. presented 4. warmly 5. with 6. another 7. saying 8. it 9. sweeter 10. that ‎ ‎11年： 1. later 2. until/till 3. sitting/ sit 4. was pretending 5. mentally 6. whom 7. they 8. on 9. an 10. both ‎