2014广东高考英语试题及详解 18页

绝密★启用前 试卷类型：B ‎2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(广东卷)‎ 英语 本试卷共12页,三大题,满分135分.考试用时120分钟 注意事项：‎ ‎1. 答卷前，考生务必用黑色笔迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔讲试卷类型（A）填涂在答题卡相应的位置上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。‎ ‎2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。‎ ‎3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。‎ ‎4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将试题与答题卡一并交回。‎ I 语言知识及应用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1~15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ Parents feel that it is difficult to live with teenagers. Then again, teenagers have 1 feelings about their parents, saying that it is not easy living with them. According to a recent research, the most common 2 between parents and teenagers is that regarding untidiness and daily routine tasks. On the one hand, parents go mad over 3 rooms, clothes thrown on the floor and their children’s refusal to help with the 4 . On the other hand, teenagers lose their patience continually when parents blame them for 5 the towel in the bathroom, not cleaning up their room or refusing to do the shopping at the supermarket.‎ The research, conducted by St. George University, shows that different parents have different 6 to these problems. However, some approaches are more 7 than others. For example, those parents who yell at their children for their untidiness, but 8 clean the room for them, have fewer chances of changing their children’s 9 . On the contrary, those who let teenagers experience the 10 of their actions can do better. For example, when teenagers who don’t help their parents with the shopping don’t find their favorite drink in the refrigerator, they are forced to 11 their actions.‎ Psychologists say that 12 is the most important thing in parent-child relationships. Parents should 13 to their children but at the same time they should lend an ear to what they have to say. Parents may 14 their children when they are untidy but they should also understand that their room is their own private space. Communication is a two-way process. It is only by listening to and 15 each other that problems between parents and children can be settled.‎ ‎1. A. natural B. strong C. guilty D. similar ‎2. A. interest B. argument C. link D. knowledge ‎3. A. noisy B. crowded C. messy D. locked ‎4. A. homework B. housework C. problem D. research ‎5. A. washing B. using C. dropping D. replacing ‎6. A. approaches B. contributions C. introductions D. attitudes ‎7. A. complex B. popular C. scientific D. successful ‎8. A. later B. deliberately C. seldom D. thoroughly ‎9. A. behavior B. taste C. future D. nature ‎10. A. failures B. changes C. consequences D. thrills ‎11. A. defend B. delay C. repeat D. reconsider ‎12. A. communication B. bond C. friendship D. trust ‎13. A. reply B. attend C. attach D. talk ‎14. A. hate B. scold C. frighten D. stop ‎15. A. loving B. observing C. understanding D. praising 第二节 语法填空 （共10小题 ，每小题1.5分 ，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用口号中词语的正确形式填空 ，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为16~25的相应位置上。‎ Last year, my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation. Some of my friends who had been there said 16 was a wonderful destination. Before we went, we had planned for months. When the day came, we were ready.‎ After our plane landed, we went to the hotel. We had made our reservation six months 17 (early), but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake. We 18 (tell) that our rooms hadn’t been reserved for that week, 19 for the week after. I didn’t understand 20 this would happen and my credit card had already been charged 21 the reservation. What’s worse, the hotel had been fully booked. When we were wondering what to do, the manager came out. She was 22 (surprise) helpful. She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on 23 top floor. We had never stayed in such an amazing room, and we weren’t charged extra.‎ The next day, my brother and I went to the beach 24 we watched some people play volleyball. We got a little 25 (sunburn), but the day had been so relaxing that we didn’t mind.‎ Ⅱ. 阅读（共两节，满分50分）‎ 第一节 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A Samuel Osmond is a 19-year-old law student from Cornwall, England. He never studied the ‎ piano. However, he can play very difficult musical pieces by musicians such as Chopin and Beethoven just a few minutes after he hears them. He learns a piece of music by listening to it in parts. Then he thinks about the notes in his head. Two years ago, he played his first piece Moonlight Sonata（奏鸣曲）by Beethoven. He surprised everyone around him.‎ Amazed that he remembered this long and difficult piece of music and played it perfectly, his teachers say Samuel is unbelievable .They say his ability is very rare, but Samuel doesn’t even realize that what he can do is special. Samuel wanted to become a lawyer as it was the wish of his parents, but music teachers told him he should study music instead. Now, he studies law and music.‎ Samuel can’t understand why everyone is so surprised. “I grew up with music. My mother played the piano and my father played the guitar. About two years ago, I suddenly decided to start playing the piano, without being able to read music and without having any lessons. It comes easily to me ---I hear the notes and can bear them in mind---each and every note,” says Samuel.‎ Recently, Samuel performed a piece during a special event at his college. The piece had more than a thousand notes. The audience was impressed by his amazing performance. He is now learning a piece that is so difficult that many professional pianists can’t play it. Samuel says confidently,” It’s all about super memory---I guess I have that gift.”‎ However, Samuel’s ability to remember things doesn’t stop with music. His family says that even when he was a young boy, Samuel heard someone read a story, and then he could retell the story word for word.‎ Samuel is still only a teenager. He doesn’t know what he wants to do in the future. For now, he is just happy to play beautiful music and continue his studies.‎ 26. What is special about Samuel Osmond? ‎ A. He has a gift for writing music.‎ B. He can write down the note he hears.‎ C. He is a top student at the law school.‎ D. He can play the musical piece he hears.‎ 27. What can we learn from Paragraph 2?‎ A. ‎ Samuel chose law against the wish of his parents.‎ B. Samuel planned to be a lawyer rather than a musician.‎ C. Samuel thinks of himself as a man of great musical ability.‎ D. Samuel studies law and music on the advice of his teachers.‎ 28. Everyone around Samuel was surprised because he _________.‎ A. received a good early education in music B. played the guitar and the piano perfectly C. could play the piano without reading music D. could play the guitar better than his father 29. What can we infer about Samuel in Paragraph 4?‎ A. He became famous during a special event at his college.‎ B. He is proud of his ability to remember things accurately.‎ C. He plays the piano better than many professional pianists.‎ D. He impressed the audience by playing all the musical pieces.‎ 30. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?‎ A. The Qualities of a Musician B. The Story of a Musical Talent C. The Importance of Early Education D. The Relationship between Memory and Music.‎ B It was a cold winter day. A woman drove up to the Rainbow Bridge tollbooth (收费站). “I’m paying for myself, and for the six cars behind me,” she said with a smile, handing over seven tickets. One after another, the next six drivers arriving at the tollbooth were informed, “Some lady up ahead already paid your fare.”‎ It turned out that the woman, Natalie Smith, had read something on a friend’s refrigerator: “Practice random kindness and senseless acts of beauty.” The phrase impressed her so much that she copied it down.‎ Judy Foreman spotted the same phrase on a warehouse wall far away from home. When it stayed on her mind for days, she gave up and drove all the way back to copy it down. “I thought it was beautiful,” she said, explaining why she’d taken to writing it at the bottom of all her letters, “like a message from above.” Her husband, Frank, liked the phrase so much that he put it up on the classroom wall for his students, one of whom was the daughter of Alice Johnson, a local news reporter. Alice put it in the newspaper, admitting that though she liked it, she didn’t know where it came from or what it really meant.‎ Two days later, Alice got a call from Anne Herbert, a woman living in Marin. It was in a restaurant that Anne wrote the phrase down on a piece of paper, after turning it around in her mind for days.‎ ‎“Here’s the idea,” Anne says. “Anything you think there should be more of, do it randomly.” Her fantasies include painting the classrooms of shabby schools, leaving hot meals on kitchen tables in the poor part of town, and giving money secretly to a proud old lady. Anne says, “Kindness can build on itself as much as violence can.”‎ The acts of random kindness spread. If you were one of those drivers who found your fare paid, who knows what you might have been inspired to do for someone else later. Like all great events, kindness begins slowly, with every single act. Let it be yours!‎ ‎31. Why did Natalie Smith pay for the six cars behind her?‎ A. She knew the car drivers well.‎ B. She wanted to show kindness.‎ C. She hoped to please others.‎ D. She had seven tickets.‎ ‎32. Judy Foreman copied down the phrase because she .‎ A. thought it was beautifully written B. wanted to know what it really meant C. decided to write it on a warehouse wall D. wanted her husband to put it up in the classroom ‎33. Who came up with the phrase according to the passage?‎ A. Judy Foreman.‎ B. Natalie Smith.‎ C. Alice Johnson.‎ D. Anne Herbert.‎ ‎34. Which of the following statements is closest in the meaning to the underlined sentence above?‎ A. Kindness and violence can change the world.‎ B. Kindness and violence can affect one’s behavior.‎ C. Kindness and violence can reproduce themselves.‎ D. Kindness and violence can shape one’s character.‎ ‎35. What can we infer from the last paragraph?‎ A. People should practice random kindness to those in need.‎ B. People who receive kindness are likely to offer it to others.‎ C. People should practice random kindness to strangers they meet.‎ D. People who receive kindness are likely to pay it back to the giver.‎ C ‎ ‎ Like many new graduates, I left university full of hope for the future but with no real idea of what I wanted to do. My degree, with honors, in English literature had not really prepared me for anything practical. I knew I wanted to make a difference in the world somehow, but I had no idea how to do that. That’s when I learned about the Lighthouse Project. ‎ ‎ I started my journey as a Lighthouse Project volunteer by reading as much as I could about the experiences of previous volunteers. I knew it would be a lot of hard work, and that I would be away from my family and friends for a very long time. In short, I did not take my decision to apply for the Lighthouse Project lightly. Neither did my family. ‎ ‎ Eventually, however, I won the support of my family, and I sent in all the paperwork needed for the application. After countless interviews and presentations, I managed to stand out among the candidates and survive the test alone. Several months later, I finally received a call asking me to report for the duty. I would be going to a small village near Abuja, Nigeria. Where? What? Nigeria? I had no idea. But I was about to find out. ‎ ‎ After completing my training, I was sent to the village that was small and desperately in need of proper accommodation. Though the local villagers were poor, they offered their homes, hearts, ‎ and food as if I were their own family. I was asked to lead a small team of local people in building a new schoolhouse. For the next year or so, I taught in that same schoolhouse. But I sometimes think I learned more from my students than they did from me. ‎ ‎ Sometime during that period, I realized that all those things that had seemed so strange or unusual to me no longer did, though I did not get anywhere with the local language, and returned to the United States a different man. The Lighthouse Project had changed my life forever. ‎ 36. What do we know about the author? ‎ ‎ A. His university education focused on the theoretical knowledge. ‎ ‎ B. His dream at university was to become a volunteer. ‎ ‎ C. He took pride in having contributed to the world. ‎ ‎ D. He felt honored to study English literature. ‎ 37. According to the Paragraph 2, it is most likely that the author ‎ ‎ A. discussed his decision with his family. ‎ ‎ B. asked previous volunteers about voluntary work ‎ C. attended special training to perform difficult tasks ‎ D. felt sad about having to leave his family and friends ‎38. In his application for the volunteer job, the author ‎ ‎ A. participated in many discussions ‎ B. went through challenging survival tests ‎ C. wrote quite a few paper on voluntary work ‎ D. faced strong competition from other candidates ‎ 39. On arrival at the village, the author was ‎ ‎ A. asked to lead a farming team ‎ ‎ B. sent to teach in a schoolhouse ‎ C. received warmly by local villagers ‎ ‎ D. arranged to live in a separate house.‎ 40. What can we infer from the author’s experiences in Nigeria? ‎ ‎ A. He found some difficulty adapting to the local culture ‎ B. He had learned to communicate in the local language. ‎ ‎ C. He had overcome all his weaknesses before he left for home. ‎ ‎ D. He was chosen as the most respectable teacher by his students. ‎ D ‎ Scientists today are making greater effort to study ocean currents (洋流) . Most do it using satellites and other high-tech equipment. However, ocean expert Curtis Ebbesmeyer does it in a special way -- by studying movements of random floating garbage. A scientist with many years’ experience, he started this type of research in the early 1990s when he heard about hundreds of ‎ athletic shoes washing up on the shores of the northwest coast of the United States. There were so many shoes that people were setting up swap meets to try and match left and right shoes to sell or wear.‎ ‎ Ebbesmeyer found out in his researches that the shoes — about 60,000 in total — fell into the ocean in a shipping accident. He phoned the shoe company and asked if they wanted the shoes back. As expected, the company told him that they didn't. Ebbesmeyer realized this could be a great experiment. If he learned when and where the shoes went into the water and tracked where they landed, he could learn a lot about the patterns of ocean currents.‎ ‎ The Pacific Northwest is one of the world's best areas for beachcombing(海滩搜寻) because winds and currents join here, and as a result, there is a group of serious beachcombers in the area. Ebbesmeyer got to know a lot of them and asked for their help in collecting information about where the shoes landed. In a year he collected reliable information on 1, 600 shoes. With this data, he and a colleague were able to test and improve a computer program designed to model ocean currents, and publish the findings of their study.‎ ‎ As the result of his work, Ebbesmeyer has become known as the scientist to call with questions about any unusual objects found floating in the ocean. He has even started an association of beachcombers and ocean experts, with 500 subscribers from West Africa to New Zealand. They have recorded all lost objects ranging from potatoes to golf gloves.‎ ‎41. The underlined phrase swap meets in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ______________.‎ A. fitting rooms B. trading fairs C. business talks D. group meetings ‎42. Ebbesmeyer phoned the shoe company to find out _____________.‎ A. what caused the shipping accident B. when and where the shoes went missing C. whether it was all right to use their shoes D. how much they lost in the shipping accident ‎43. How did Ebbesmeyer prove his assumption?‎ A. By collecting information from beachcombers.‎ B. By studying the shoes found by beachcomber.‎ C. By searching the web for ocean currents models.‎ D. By researching ocean currents data in the library.‎ ‎44. Ebbesmeyer is most famous for ___________________.‎ A. traveling widely the coastal cities of the world B. making records for any lost objects on the sea C. running a global currents research association D. phoning about any doubtful objects on the sea ‎45. What is the purpose of the author in writing this passage?‎ A. To call people's attention to ocean pollution.‎ B. To warn people of shipping safety in the ocean.‎ C. To explain a unique way of studying ocean currents.‎ D. To give tips on how to search for lost objects on the beach.‎ 第二节 信息匹配（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）‎ 阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息，请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑。‎ 首先请阅读某大学提供给学生的项目信息：‎ A．‎ B.‎ In-Company Experience Challenging posts in industry for gap year students. Use your academic and interpersonal skills to improve a product or service provided by a top name company-and get paid for it! ‎ Camp World Work in camps for young people in one or more of the five continents. You help organize sports activities and other outdoor pursuits and you could end up with a qualification as an instructor.‎ C.‎ D.‎ Community Care Volunteer work at home and abroad with the physically and mentally handicapped, the homeless, the elderly and orphans. You’ll need to be committed, patient and sensitive to others. ‎ Academic Study Year Spend a whole year studying at a foreign university in Europe, the USA or even further afield, without the pressure of exams. Accommodation with local families. Grants available.‎ E.‎ F.‎ Conservation International Conservation and research work with teams of volunteers on nature reserves in South America and Africa. Projects include monitoring wildlife, path building and water and soil conservation. ‎ Language Teachers Abroad Teach your own language or English in almost any country in the world. Class sizes vary from one to one hundred and resources can be basic, but your students will welcome you with open arms. ‎ ‎46. I grow up in a very big family. My parents have raised twelve kids and I am their first-born. It has been my duty to help my mom take care of my brothers and sisters. To handle them, often I have to organize an outdoor activity, like a softball game. I must say that I have the potential to work as an instructor. ‎ ‎47. Last year, my dog got crippled after losing the fight to my neighbor’s bulldog. I rinsed its wound with some lotion and tied its leg with a stick. I had him take medicine every day for a full month. Finally he recovered. I think I can help the elderly and the disabled as well. I feel so good when I can offer help.‎ ‎48. I am a film buff. A big fan of Antonio Banderas. He is so wild and charming. Because of him, I fell in love with Spain. The Latin dance and the bullfight are really exciting. Oh, if only I could stay in Spain as an exchange student! I would be learning Spanish so well that I can watch a Spanish film with the dubbing.‎ ‎49. I had the experience of working as a social worker in Switzerland last summer. I love the country and its people. There are great mountains for climbers and the local people are so nice to strangers. I helped the kids with their English. My teaching skills improved greatly during my stay. Now I’m well prepared to work as a language instructor.‎ ‎50. I spent my gap year traveling all over Africa last year. It was definitely an eye- opening experience. The exotic clothes and tribal dances of the people really fascinated me. But I was most amazed by the wildlife there. I really took great pleasure in watching those animals hunting their prey. You know, I specialize in zoology, and I’m a good observer.‎ Ⅲ 写作 （共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节 基础写作 （共1小题；满分15分）‎ ‎ 你接受了一项写作任务，要为当地英语晚报写一篇报道。‎ ‎【写作内容】‎ 请根据以下信息写一篇英文报道，内容包括：‎ 人物：英国人理查德•阿维斯（Richard Avis)‎ 出生日期：1974年12月1日 时间：2011年开始在世界各地寻找同年同月同日出生的人 目的：理解不同文化中成功人生的含义 相关信息：‎ ‎•借助当地媒体寻找 ‎•迄今找到32名，其中男性17名，女性15名，来自13个国家 ‎•职业包括政府官员、运动员、司机、教师、艺术家等 ‎•计划40岁生日前找到40为同年同月同日出生的人 ‎•打算根据此经历写一本书 ‎*同年同月同日出生的人：time twin; ‎ ‎[写作要求]‎ 只能用5个句子表达全部内容 ‎[评分标准]‎ 句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章连贯。‎ 第二节 读写任务（共1小题；满分25分）‎ 阅读下面短文，然后按要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。‎ Oseola McCarty spent more than 75 years washing and ironing other people’s clothes. As a laundrywoman, she was only paid only a few dollars each time. Certainly nobody would consider her rich, so they were all amazed when Miss McCarty decided to donate $150,000 to the University of Southern Mississippi.‎ The money was in fact her life savings. She could save such a large amount of money because she lived a very simple life. She never learned to drive, and when she wanted to go somewhere, she just walked. She never flew to anywhere till the donation（捐助）, and in the 50 years she had been out of the South only once. The house in which she lived was also a rather modest one her last uncle left her. Only after she became known in America did she begin to travel all over the country. Since then, she had been the subject of many interviews and articles and was even invited to the ‎ White House.‎ ‎ Her donation was for the students who clearly needed financial help. She herself left school in the sixth grade and had never married or had children. She said to the reporters that the idea of helping somebody’s child go to college gave her much pleasure.‎ ‎[写作内容]‎ ‎1.以约30个词概括上文的主要内容。‎ ‎2.以约120个词就Miss McCarty的捐助谈谈你的想法，内容包括：‎ ‎（1）你如何看待她的捐助行为；‎ ‎（2）你认为她的捐助对受惠学生有哪些影响；‎ ‎（3）如果你自己要捐助，你会选择哪个群体并陈述理由。‎ ‎[写作要求]‎ ‎1.作文中可以使用亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子。‎ ‎2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。‎ ‎[评分标准]‎ 概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，语篇连贯。‎ 参考答案及详解 I 语言知识及应用 第一节 完形填空 ‎1～5 DBCBC 6～10 ADAAC 11～15 DADBC 1. D 根据第一句的difficult，第二句的again和not easy可知是相似的感觉 2. B 根据第一句说 “Parents feel that it is difficult to live with teenagers”父母和孩子之间相处困难，可知他们之间有argument。‎ 3. C 根据下文untidiness不整洁和daily routine tasks日常家务，填空所在的句子和后文的clothes thrown on the floor, children’s refusal...形成并列关系可知是messy。‎ 4. B 与上文说的孩子把家弄乱，还乱扔衣服并列，即拒绝做家务。该题难点在于homework与housework的语义区分。‎ 5. C 与后文不打扫房间，不去买东西并列，即把毛巾throw丢在浴室。‎ 6. A 原词重现。根据后句 “some approaches”指本句 “approach”里的一些。‎ 7. D 瞻前顾后，由后面第10个空句中的better可知应为更成功。A复杂，B流行，C科学的。 “科学的”要注意，和中文的形容词“科学的”意义不一样，英文的“科学的”纯粹是指“科学领域的”，并没有“更合理”的意思，更合理应为reasonable,但是题目没有，“更成功”最合题意。‎ 8. A 责骂他们乱，但是稍后就为他们整理房间，这样才会有更少的机会改变他们的行为，即几乎无法改变他们的行为。‎ 9. A 改变行为最为恰当，改变品味无涉及，改变未来太夸张，做家务可以改变本质，不恰当。‎ 10. C 体验自己的行为的结果，即为自己的行为负责。‎ 11. D 用排除法，are forced to意为被逼，是负面情感；辩护，推迟，重复他们的行为均不合逻辑，被逼重新考虑自己的行为最合题意。‎ 12. A 因为下文出现线索词 “Communication is a two-way process”,而且上文一直强调父母与小孩应该如何沟通，因此该题可推出为A。‎ 13. ‎ D 句内同义复现。 “talk to”与 “say” 同义复现。即为父母要向子女说出他们的想法，同时也要倾听子女说出的想法。‎ 14. B 由上文 “blame” 可知，该句由当父母看到孩子乱扔衣物时会责备他们，所以选 “scold”。‎ 15. C 上问题到相互沟通，沟通是为了相互理解，所以选C。‎ 第二节 ‎ 语法填空 ‎16. it 17.earlier 18. were told 19. but 20. why ‎21. for 22. surprisingly 23. the 24. where 25. sunburnt ‎16.it 考代词。此处缺主语，结合句意，要用代词指代上文的Miami，故用it。‎ ‎17.earlier 考形容词的比较级。此处修饰six months, 结合句意，是六个月之前，故用比较级，填earlier。‎ ‎18.were told 考谓语动词。根据时态语态时态语态以及主谓一致的规则变化。此处考查动词知识点。主句无谓语，判断出此处要填谓语。结合上下文，判断出时态是一般过去时，另外，要注意此处要表达的意思是“被告知”，而不是“告诉”，故要用被动。‎ ‎19.but 并列连词。此处考查 “not ...but...”结构，“不是......而是......”。‎ ‎20.why 宾语从句的连接词。此处是didn’t understand 的宾语从句，缺从句引导词。结合句意，作者不明白为什么已经预定并付了钱但依旧没有房间，故填why。‎ ‎21.for 考介词。此处考查charge sb. for sth.‎ ‎22.surprisingly 词性转换。此处修饰helpful, 要用副词，故用surprisingly。‎ ‎23.the 考冠词。此处考查冠词。结合句意，表示顶层，故用the top floor。‎ ‎24.where 定语从句连接词。此处考查定语从句，修饰beach， 结合句意，是人们在海滩上打排球，故填where。‎ ‎25.sunburnt/sunburned 考动词变为非谓语动词。此处get是系动词，后面接标语，故用sunburnt。‎ 一、考点分布点评 有提示词部分考点如下：‎ 1. 动词时态语态。18题tell变为were told。‎ 2. 非谓语动词。25题sunburn变为sunburned或sunburnt。‎ 3. 词性变化。22题surprise变为surprisingly。‎ 4. 比较级。17题early变为earlier。‎ 无提示词部分考点如下：‎ 1. 冠词。23题the 2. 代词。16题it 3. 介词。21题for 4. 连接词。19题并列连词but， 20题 名词性从句连接词why， 24题 定语从句关系词where ‎2007-2014年高考英语广东卷语法填空题的考点分布图：‎ 年份 有提示词 无提示词 动词 词性转换 比较级 冠词 代词 介词 连接词 谓语 非谓语 并列连词 定从 名从 状从 ‎2007‎ ‎1‎ ‎1‎ ‎1‎ ‎0‎ ‎1‎ ‎2‎ ‎2‎ ‎0‎ ‎1‎ ‎1‎ ‎0‎ ‎2008‎ ‎1‎ ‎1‎ ‎1‎ ‎1‎ ‎0‎ ‎2‎ ‎2‎ ‎1‎ ‎0‎ ‎1‎ ‎0‎ ‎2009‎ ‎2‎ ‎1‎ ‎1‎ ‎0‎ ‎1‎ ‎2‎ ‎2‎ ‎0‎ ‎1‎ ‎0‎ ‎0‎ ‎2010‎ ‎1‎ ‎1‎ ‎1‎ ‎1‎ ‎1‎ ‎2‎ ‎1‎ ‎0‎ ‎1‎ ‎0‎ ‎1‎ ‎2011‎ ‎1‎ ‎1‎ ‎1‎ ‎1‎ ‎1‎ ‎2‎ ‎1‎ ‎0‎ ‎1‎ ‎0‎ ‎1‎ ‎2012‎ ‎1‎ ‎1‎ ‎1‎ ‎1‎ ‎1‎ ‎2‎ ‎1‎ ‎0‎ ‎1‎ ‎1‎ ‎1‎ ‎2013‎ ‎1‎ ‎1‎ ‎2‎ ‎0‎ ‎1‎ ‎0‎ ‎2‎ ‎1‎ ‎1‎ ‎0‎ ‎1‎ ‎2014‎ ‎1‎ ‎1‎ ‎1‎ ‎1‎ ‎1‎ ‎1‎ ‎1‎ ‎1‎ ‎1‎ ‎1‎ ‎0‎ 综上，可以总结出语法填空的考点规律：‎ 1. 动词是必考点，一定会考查谓语和非谓语；‎ 2. 冠词、代词、介词、磁性转换是必考点；‎ 3. 连接词中，定从连接词考频最高；‎ 4. 形容词比较级是高频考点；‎ 二、 难题、易错题点评：‎ ‎18题：tell变为were told，此题既考到动词随时态语态所做的变化，也考到主谓一致的知识点。很多同学可能易填was told而导致错误，还有很多同学可能填had been told，“被告知”是一个“过去”的动作，而不是“过去的过去”，因而不需要用过去完成时。另外，历年没有任何一个语法填空的答案是超过两个单词，也可以帮助排除掉这个答案。‎ ‎22题：应填surprisingly。有同学可能会填surprisely，这是个不存在的单词。根据后一个单词helpful，此处显然需要一个副词，然而很多同学可能不知道surprise的副词是何种形式，二错填为surprisely。殊不知，若一个词要变为副词，只有形容词变为副词才会直接加ly，而surprise是一个名词或动词，所以应该变为形容词surprising，再变为surprisingly。‎ ‎24题：应填where， 考查的知识点为定语从句的连接词。此题很多同学易填and，此题可以从以下几个角度来分析：1.定语从句连接词是历年常考题，只有2008年未考，其他年份均考到了，所以where优于and；2.如果此题填and，原句应为The next day, my brother and I went to the beach, and there we watched some people play volleyball. 这样更符合英文地道表达；3.前面已经考了一个并列连词but， 所以此题不太可能再考一个同属并列连词的and。‎ 二、 备考建议 根据以上分析，2015年高考对此题型的考查方向不会有太大变化。各位同学仔进行语法填空这个题型的备考时，除了平时打好自己的语法基础外，也应该多了解历年的此种题型的考查的知识点的分布，弄清楚哪些知识点会考，哪些不会考，哪些题型不会重复考等等。另外，多做练习，熟悉题型的考点分布规律和考查特征，也有助于提高分数。‎ Ⅱ. 阅读 第一节 阅读理解 ‎26～30 DBCBB ‎ 26. D细节理解题。【同/近义词/句】第一段中由he can play very difficult musical pieces by musicians such as Chopin and Beethoven just a few minutes after he hears them.可知Samuel的天才之处在于他可以弹出他听到的音乐片段，因此选D选项，AB选项中的write稳重没有提到。‎ 27. B细节理解题。【同/近义词/句】由第二段“Samuel wanted to become a lawyer as it was the wish of his parents ”可知起初在父母期待下是打算成为律师的，因此选B。D项有一定的欺骗性。由“music teachers told him he should study music instead”可知，音乐老师只是建议他学音乐而放弃法律，D选项错误。‎ 28. C细节理解题。【总结概括】由第一段“He never studied the piano”可知，Samuel并没有接受专业的音乐训练，因此排除A。由第三段“Samuel can’t understand why everyone is so surprised”和“without being able to read music and without having any lessons. It comes easily to me”可知他虽然没有受过专业的音乐训练，但是他却非常熟练地演奏音乐，大家都为此感到惊讶。因此综合以上信息，选C。B和D选项都提及了guitar，但由“My mother played the piano and my father played the guitar.”可知弹吉他的是他的父亲，而不是他，因此排除B，D选项。‎ 29. B 推理判断题。【同/近义词/句】由“Samuel says confidently”，“It’s all about super memory----I guess I have that gift”可知，Samuel对他超群的记忆力很有自信，be fond of“喜爱，偏爱”，根据同/近义词/句原则可以选出B选项。C选项具有迷惑性，根据第四段中的“He is now learning a piece that is so difficult that many professional pianists can’t play it.”可知，他只是在一个较难的乐章方面超过了一些专业的钢琴家，并不是在总体上超越了他们，C选项犯了以偏概全的错误。‎ 30. B 主义大意题。由全文可知，本文是关于一个音乐天才的故事，故选B。‎ ‎31～35 BADCB ‎ 31. B 推理判断题。【总结概括】由“Natalie Smith... ‘Practice random kindness and senseless acts of beauty.’ The phrase impressed her so much that she copied it down.”可知，Natalie因为被一句话所感动，想要传递爱心，所以选B。‎ 32. ‎ A 细节理解题。【同/近义词/句】由第三段“Judy Foreman... ‘I thought it was beautiful’ ”可知Judy是由于被此句的美感所打动，所以将它记下来，因此选A。‎ 33. D 细节理解题。【同/近义词/句】由第四段“Two days later, Alice got a call from Anne Herbert, a woman living in Marin. It was in a restaurant that Anne wrote the phrase down on a piece of paper, after turning it around in her mind for days. ”可知这句话的原创者是Anne Herbert，因此选D。‎ 34. 词义猜测题。Anne Says, “Kindness can build on itself as much as violence can.” 根据build on和reproduce属于同义转换，都有“扩大，扩展”的意思即可得出答案。‎ 35. 推理判断题。【总结概括】由“If you were one of those drivers who found your fare paid, who knows what you might have been inspired to do for someone else later.”‎ 可知，当人们受到别人的帮助时，也很有可能以各种形式传递给其他人，因此选B。D选项只是说了接受帮助的人会将善意回报给帮助他的人，与原文意思不符。‎ ‎36～40 AADCA ‎ 36. A 细节理解题。我们从“My degree, with honors, in English literature had not really prepared me for anything practical.”这句话采用了正话反说的方式表达，我们可以知道他所学的不是实践的(practical)，而是理论性的(theoretical)东西，正确选项属于同/近义词/句的替换。‎ 37. A 推理判断题。我们从文中“In short, I did not take my decision to apply for the Lighthouse Project lightly. Neither did my family. ”“Eventually, however, I won the support of my family, and I sent in all the paperwork needed for the application.”这两处信息可以得出结论是，作者与家人商量是否参与志愿者活动。正确选项属于总结概括的类型。‎ 38. D 细节理解题。从原文“After countless interviews and presentations, I managed to stand out among the candidates and survive the test alone. ”这句话可以得出，最后只有一个人可以胜出，因此作者经历了激烈的竞争。正确选项属于同/近义词/句的替换。‎ 39. C 细节理解题。从arrival at the village 我们可以定位到文中“After completing my training” 这个信息，从“Though the local villagers were poor, they offered their homes, hearts, and food as if I were their own family.”这句话可以得出C选项。虽然A，B，C选项本段都有提到，但是C选项离定位的信息最靠近，因此选C。本题正确选项属于同/近义词/句的替换。‎ 40. A 推理判断题。由文中两处信息“I realized that all those things that had seemed so strange or unusual to me no longer did, though I did not get anywhere with the local language, and returned to the United States a different man. The Lighthouse Project had changed my life forever.”可以得出A选项。B选项的表达与原文相违背，而C选项的all，D选项的the most属于绝对意义的表达，因此这种选项一般不选。‎ ‎41～45 BCADC ‎41.B 词义猜测题。swap是课本单词，来自必修一第一单元，学生首先可以得出swap是“交换”的意思。由相似表达sports meet可以推断出meet的含义，再从文中“There were so many shoes that people were setting up swap meets to try and match left and right shoes to sell or wear.‎ ‎”可以确认答案应该为B。Trading意思是“交易”，fair意思是“集市”。‎ 42. C 细节理解题。由题干“phoned the company”定位到文章“He phoned the shoe company and asked if they wanted the shoes back.”从这句话可以得知Ebbesmeyer打电话去鞋子公司去问他们还要不要这些鞋子。再结合下文Ebbesmeyer realized this could be a great experiment可以得出他打算利用这些鞋子来进行研究。正确选项属于总结概括原文。‎ 43. A 细节理解题。从文中“...there is a group of serious beachcombers in the area. Ebbesmeyer got to know a lot of them and asked for their help in collecting information about where the shoes landed.” 这处信息可知。本题正确选项属于总结概括的类型。‎ 44. D 细节理解题。由most famous 定位到become known as，然后从“Ebbesmeyer has become known as the scientist to call with questions about any unusual objects found floating in the ocean.”这句话可以得出D选项。其中call对应phoning，unusual对应doubtful。正确选项属于同/近义词/句的替换。‎ 45. C 本体是主旨大意题。非故事类的文章的主旨题我们要重点关注首尾段，尤其当手段出现but 或however等转折词时。一定要注意转折后的内容才是作者要表达的重点。所以，文中出现了however，从“However, ocean expert Curtis Ebbesmeyer does it in a special way -- by studying movements of random floating garbage.”这句话可以得出C选项。‎ 第二节 信息匹配 ‎46～50 BCDFE 信息匹配题主要是让考生通过理解题目中不同学生的需求匹配大学里面提供的相关项目，备选的项目有6个，学生为5人，因此，有一个项目的信息为多余选项。信息匹配题一般对学生来说难度不大，但是如果想要得到满分，就一定不能掉以轻心，如果考生在考试时轻视了这道题目，就很容易掉进老师的陷阱中。‎ 从2007年开始信息匹配题进入广东高考以来，作为最具广东特色的一个题型，它一直都非常强调实用性和创新性，题材也非常广泛，从2011年的影视题材，2012年的兴趣爱好，2013年的商品广告，到今年的大学学生项目，都体现了其创新性及实用性。‎ 附：‎ 信息匹配答题技巧 1. 配图性应用文，为大学项目介绍 这次高考跟2013年一样，选项都采用了配图式的应用文，介绍大学提供的6个项目，形式与去年的产品广告相类似，配图式的应用文具有简明扼要的特点，因此，常常会出现不完整的句子结构，学生理解起来会有一定困难。‎ 如图A选项，为了简明扼要，应用文一般都使用祈使句或省略主语的句子，如上文，甚至challenging posts in industry for gap year students.全句其实是一个名词短语。‎ 2. 留意小标题 这次的项目介绍与广告相类似，“Community Care”，“Conservation International”，从小标题我们就可以大致地推断出对应的材料涉及的内容，对于迅速理解下文会起到非常大的作用，所以不要忽视小标题。‎ 3. 不要过度纠结一些较难的单词 由于信息匹配可以说是整个广东高考英语试卷中最具有创新性的题目，因此题目中也经常会涉及到学生不太熟悉的单词，例如handicapped（有缺陷的），committed（尽职的），有很多学生在看到比较难的词汇时，很容易产生畏难或焦躁的情绪。但是，考生应当注意，信息匹配讲求学生对于整个材料的把握，如果一个单词看不懂，可以转而去理解其他部分，千万不要在一处纠结过久。‎ 4. 找出关键词 既名“信息匹配”，考生首先当然就是要找出关键词，重点在于名词，而且对于重复出现的单词要特别留意。‎ 5. 然后当然就是“匹配”了。注意：千万不要找到一个匹配的信息就匆忙决定！能够进行匹配的信息有下列三种：（1）原词及派生词之间的匹配；（2）近义词之间的匹配。原词匹配与派生词对于学生来说是比较简单的，应当要迅速圈选，标示出来，而近义词匹配就要求学生在看完材料和题目之后，通过理解，选出表达相近的信息。‎ 答案解析：‎ 46. B 原词匹配：activities, outdoor, instructor 近义词匹配：（题目）softball----（选项）sports 解读：这个学生长于一个人口众多的家庭，作为家里的长子，为了帮助母亲照顾弟妹，他会组织一些户外活动，如垒球活动，因此，他相信他能做一个很好的指导者。‎ B选项招募年轻人在世界各地营地工作，需要组织球类活动和其他户外活动，最后可以获得指导者的证明。‎ 47. C 原词匹配：the elderly 近义词匹配：（题目）the disabled----（选项）handicapped，从她照顾小狗的经历可以对应到选项要求的committed, patient和 sensitive的特质。‎ 解读：这个学生在自己的宠物狗受伤之后，通过自己的细心照料，使它最终健康康复。因此，她认为她能够照顾老人和残疾人，而且他很乐于向他人提供帮助。‎ C选项是招募志愿者在国内外照顾身体上或精神上有残疾的人，无家可归者还有孤儿，应职者应要尽职、有耐心、敏感的。‎ 48. D 原词匹配：无 近义词匹配：（题目）stay in Spain as an excellent student----（选项）study at a foreign university in Europe 本题在此次信息匹配中是较难的一题，因为一来我们没有办法找到直接对应的单词，必须通过理解整个材料，才能得出对应的信息。‎ 解读：这个学生热爱电影，喜欢安东尼奥•班德拉斯，因此非常热爱西班牙和西班牙文化，想要去西班牙留学，希望可以学好西班牙语，甚至看西语电影也不用看字幕！‎ D选项的活动是在欧洲、美国甚至更远的地方的当地大学里面学习一年，没有考试的压力而且提供在当地人家的住宿，有拨款资助。‎ 47. F 原词匹配：language, English 近义词匹配：（题目）instructor----(选项）teacher 解读：这个学生去年在瑞士做过社会工作者，非常热爱瑞士和它的人民。那里有雄伟的山峰可以攀爬，当地人对陌生人非常友好，他在当地教孩子英语，期间教学水平提高了许多。现在他相当一个语言教育者。‎ 48. E 原词匹配：Africa, wildlife 近义词匹配：（题目）observer, watch----（选项）monitoring 解读：这个学生去年间隔年在全非洲旅游，大大开阔了眼界，异域服装和当地舞蹈非常吸引，而他最着迷于那里的野生动物，他非常喜欢观察动物猎食，他专攻动物学，是良好的观察者。‎ E选项中学生可以跟自然保护志愿者一起在南美和非洲参与环境保护和研究，项目包括观察野生动物，开拓路径，水、石油资源的保护。‎ Ⅲ 写作 ‎ 第一节 基础写作 Richard Avis, a British, was born on December 1st, 1974. In order to understand the meaning of successful life in different cultures, Richard, from 2011, began to seek time twins around the world. With the help of the local media, he has already found 32 time twins from 13 countries, of whom there are 17 males and 15 females. Their positions include government officials, athletes, drivers, teachers, artists and so on. Richard intends to find 40 time twins before his birthday and he is going to write a book based on this experience.‎ 今年基础写作的难度较低，话题离不开写“人”，但是在传统的话题上又有了创新，不过基础写作考查的重点始终是大家运用词汇、组织信息的能力，所谓万变不离其宗，如果大家能掌握好之前复习的写作步骤，就可以顺利应对各种话题的基础写作了。‎ 基础写作四步是：1.分解信息；2.重组信息；3.翻译中文；4.连贯成文。‎ 1. 分解信息 ‎ 分解信息是指把题目所给信息按内容分解为若干个要点，通常是短语和短句结构。由于今年作文题目要点明确，分句的难度不大。根据题目，我们知道基本信息包含人物、出生日期、事件、目的四个要点，相关信息有五个要点，一共九个要点。‎ 2. 重组信息 人物：英国人理查德•阿维斯（Richard Avis）‎ 出生日期：1974年12月1日 第一句：基本信息----人名，国籍和出生日期 事件：2011年开始在世界各地寻找同年同月同日生的人 目的：理解不同文化中成功人生的含义 第二句：基本信息----事件及目的 ‎•借助当地媒体寻找 ‎•迄今找到32名，其中男性17名，女性15名，来自13个国家 第三句：相关信息----事件发展的过程（借助的手段）及结果（人数，性别等）‎ 第四句：相关信息----人物的具体信息 职业包括政府官员、运动员、司机、教师、艺术家等 ‎•计划40岁生日前找到40位同年同月同日生的人 ‎•打算根据此经历写一本书 第五句：相关信息----事件的发展趋势 1. 翻译中文 第一句：语法要点：运用同位语或定语从句 Richard Avis, a British, was born on December 1st, 1974.‎ 或 Richard Avis, who was born on December 1st, 1974, is a British man.‎ 第二句：‎ 语法要点：运用非谓语（不定式）或介词固定搭配来表示目的 In order to understand the meaning of successful life in different cultures, Richard, from 2011, began to seek time twins around the world.‎ 第三句：‎ 语法要点：运用介词短语、非谓语和定语从句 With the help of local media, so far he has already found 32 time twins from 13 countries, of whom there are 17 males and 15 females.‎ 或 Due to the help of the local media, so far he has succeeded in finding 32 time twins, including 17 males and 15females coming from 13 countries.‎ 第四句：‎ 语法要点：主谓宾句子结构 Their positions include government officials, athletes, drivers, teachers, artists and so on.‎ 或 Professions of the time twins include government officials, athletes, drivers, teachers, artists and so on.‎ 第五句：‎ 语法要点：运用非谓语（过去分词）或者介词固定搭配 分句1：Richard intends to find 40 time twins before his birthday.‎ 分句2：He plans to write a book based on this experience.‎ 或 分句1：Richard intends to find 40 time twins before his birthday.‎ 分句2：He is going to write a book according to this experience.‎ 接下来就要用亮点句型“not only...but also..”的倒装句。‎ Not only does Richard intend to find 40 time twins before his birthday,but also he is going to write a book according to this experience.‎ 2. 连贯成文 写好了五句话还不能马上松懈，大家必须知道，基础写作是按语法（8分）+信息（5分）+连贯（2分）评分的。因此我们必须把五句话连贯成篇。‎ 我们不难发现，句子之间有明显的逻辑关系。‎ 例如，第三句和第四句都在讲time twins的具体信息，因此我们可以在第四句增加承上启下的成分。‎ 第四句：In addition, their positions include government officials, athletes, drivers, teachers, artists and so on.‎ 再如第五句，我们可以用并列或因果关系处理两个分句间的关系。‎ 第五句：Richard intends to find 40 time twins before his birthday and therefore, he can write a book based on/ according to this experience.‎ 于是我们就得到一篇高大上的基础写作：‎ Richard Avis, who was born on December 1st, 1974, is a British man. With the purpose of understanding the meaning of successful life in different cultures, Richard, from 2011, began to ‎ seek time twins around the world. Due to the help of the local media, so far he has succeeded in finding 32 time twins, including 17 males and 15females coming from 13 countries. In addition, their positions include government officials, athletes, drivers, teachers, artists and so on. Not only does Richard intend to find 40 time twins before his birthday,but also he is going to write a book according to this experience.‎ 第二节 读写任务(one possible version)‎ Oseola McCarty, an ordinary worker with a thrifty lifestyle, donated a great deal of money to a university, which aroused public attention and earned her widespread social recognition. In return, she received a sense of satisfaction and fulfillment.‎ Virtuous and war-hearted, the lady concerned has donated a considerable amount of saving to help to college students struggling with financial difficulties, thereby motivating people at any other corner of the world to participate in this affectionate activity.‎ From where I stand, not only will the lady’s generosity paint a very brilliant blue print for the future of those students in want of money, but also it will rekindle their faith in life by convincing them that their life goal is elevating and worth trying.‎ Given the choice, I would make donations to those who still live under the bottom line of the modern living condition. Convincing arguments as follows can be made to support my stance. For one thing, generous and selfless dedication may take indispensable assistance to them, especially for the time when they are confronted with pain and sorrow, twists and turns. For another, just as an Indian saying goes, roses in her hand; flavor in mine. That is to say, great satisfaction would step slowly and gracefully in to the mercy-producers’ souls as well.‎ To bring as many angel-like smiles as possible to our society, we should practice more performance by leading a thrifty life.‎