高考英语语法填空技巧 6页

‎ ‎ ‎ 2019年高考英语语法填空技巧 ‎¤题型解读：‎ 一篇200字左右的短文或对话 ‎5-7个空白根据给出单词的正确形式填空 ‎3-5个根据上下文填写空白处所需内容 ‎¤能力考查：‎ ‎ 理解语篇、句子结构、‎ ‎ 运用语法、单词拼写。‎ ‎¤语法填空的考点或考查内容是：‎ ‎(1)纯空格题：通常考冠词、介词、代词和连词等四类词。一个空格只能填一个单词 ‎(2)用括号中所给词填空：通常考谓语动词的时态和语态、非谓语动词、形容词和副词的比较级、最高级、词类转换等。一个空格可以填1，2，3个单词 一 有提示词类试题的答题要诀 ‎（一）给出了动词的试题的解题技巧 首先，判断要填的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。然后按以下两点进行思考。‎ 技巧1：1）看位置。在主语后与主语构成主谓结构，那么填谓语动词，要考虑时态语态以及主谓一致。‎ ‎2）看是否有并列连词and, but, so等做标志，做并列谓语 例句1：His fear of failure ________(keep) him from classroom games that other children played with joy.‎ 解析：因主语His fear of failure 后没有别的谓语动词，需填的动词应为谓语动词；因主语与keep是主动关系，应用主动语态；由从句谓语动词played 可知，要用一般过去时，故填kept.‎ ‎ 例句2：1 That was completely not a good idea ,so I politely refused her invitation, 40 (close) my book and walked away. ‎ 解析：虽然句中已有谓语动词refused，但由and walked可知，所填词与refused和walked是并列关系，所以也用一般过去式closed。‎ 牛刀小试1：‎ ‎1 My brother ________(succeed) in winning the election last week.‎ ‎2 More than 2,000 people are ______________(employ).‎ ‎3 The first card _____ (design) by the boy last week ‎4 Mr. Smith stood up , ________(pick) up his book and left.‎ 技巧2若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定用—ing形式、—ed形式，还是用不定式形式。（to do/ to be done)‎ 确定方法如下：‎ ‎ Ving形式表主动，进行.或作主语；宾语 ‎ ‎ Ved形式表被动，完成 ‎ To do形式表主动，将来，‎ 例句1：It is important for us __________(learn) English.‎ 解析：句中有谓语动词is, it是形式主语，后面用不定式作真正的主语。所以填to learn.‎ 例句2：________(take) exercise is of great benefit to us.‎ 解析：句中有谓语动词is, 所以take应为非谓语；分析句子成分，作主语，表示一般情况，要用动名词。故填Taking.‎ 例句3：________(catch) the first bus, he got up early.‎ 解析：句中有谓语动词got up, 所以catch 应为非谓语动词。根据句子成分分析，作状语，表目的，故要用不定式而且主动的，To catch.‎ 例句4：The teacher entered the classroom, ________( follow) by some students.‎ 解析：句中已有谓语entered, 而follow又不是与之并列的，故为非谓语动词；又因为the teacher 与follow 是被动关系，故用过去分词作伴随状语,followed.‎ 例句5：He saw the stone, _________(say) to himself, “The night will be dark”.‎ 解析：句中已有谓语saw, 且没有并列连词构成并列谓语，所以，所给动词应当是非谓语；又因He和say是主动关系，故填saying 作伴随状语。‎ 例句6：Lessons _______(learn) in sports can help us in our dealing with other people.‎ 解析：因句中已有谓语can help, 所以learn 应为非谓语动词；又因lesson与learn 是被动关系，要用过去分词短语作后置定语，故填learned.‎ 牛刀小试2：‎ ‎1 The teacher walked around _____________( inspect).‎ ‎2 Sorry, I can’t go with you. I’m __________( suffer) from a serious headache.‎ ‎3 With time ____(go) by , he has explored more and more fields ‎4 _________( host) the Olympics Games is also a great responsibility.‎ ‎5 We all want to have the problem ____________( solve) in a peaceful way.‎ ‎6 He can’t say a word, ____________( point) at the notice on the wall angrily.‎ ‎7 The film ___________( base) on the novel is so interesting.‎ ‎8 The game __________( design) for children to develop their interest in maths is popular with the kids.‎ ‎9 _____ (see) the big snake, the little girl was frightened.‎ ‎10 ________ (ask) why he stole the book, he kept silent.‎ 二 词类转换题的解题技巧 ‎（一）作表语，定语或补语，通常用形容词形式 ‎ ‎　　　根据该词在句子所作句子成分确定用哪种形式。‎ 例句1：The boy immediately felt ________ (silence) when he heard the bad news.‎ 解析：因在系动词felt后作表语，用形容词，故填silent。‎ 例句2：If diseased tissue is found ,a _____ (power) laser（激光） can be used to burn it away…‎ 解析：在冠词与名词之间，要用形容词，作定语，故填powerful。‎ 例句3：Teachers must try their best to make most of their students ________ (interest) in the subject 解析：因所填词在句中作宾语most of their students的补足语，用形容词；表示“感兴趣的”，填interested。‎ 牛刀小试3：1 Mike was a __________(rely) man and I think you can rely 　　　　　 ‎ ‎　　　　　　on him.‎ ‎　　　　　2 He can’t stand (忍受) people who are ________( cruelty)‎ ‎　　　　　3 Tom made his mother _________( anger) because of his 　　‎ ‎　　　　　　rudeness.‎ ‎（二）作主语、及物动词或介词后宾语，在冠词、形容词性物主代词后，或“冠词+形容词”后，用名词形式；有时需要注意名词复数。 ‎ 例句 1: John Snow was able to announce with certainty (certain). ‎ ‎2：On December 10, the anniversary of the death (die) of Nobel ‎ 3: Recognizing your bad eating habits is of great importance (important) in correcting the behavior.‎ 牛刀小试4：1 They carried the children to _________( safe)‎ ‎ 2 I hold the _________(believe) that we can overcome the ‎ 　　　　　 difficulties.‎ ‎　 3 On his ____________( arrive), he was given a warm welcome.‎ ‎（三）修饰动词、形容词、副词，或整个句子，作状语，用副词形式 ‎ 例句 1 Sadly (sad) the library had moved from its original place into another building. (副词修饰整个句子)‎ ‎ 2 By bending or pressing down in your seat, you can move swiftly (swift) （所给词修饰动词move）‎ 牛刀小试5：1 He looked calm, but ________( actual) he was nervous.‎ ‎ 2 Mother has not yet recovered from the serious illness, but her health is improving ___________( gradual) day by day.‎ ‎ 3 Anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be ‎ _________( equal) respected.‎ ‎（四）有可能是词类不用变，主要是考察 ‎1 具有与词根意义相反的派生词，需根据句子意思及前后逻辑关系，在词根前加un-等，在词根后加-less等 ‎ ‎2 比较级/最高级 ‎ ‎3 名词变复数 例句1 He has strong determination and is unwilling (willing) to give up the opportunity. ( 他有很强的决心，不愿意放弃这次机会) ‎ ‎ 2 One main disadvantage (advantage) of this area is that the public transport is not convenient. ‎ ‎(这个地区一个主要缺点是公共交通不便利)‎ ‎3 Social customs_( custom) are different from country to country.‎ ‎4 The harder (hard) you try to study, the more likely(可能的) you will succeed. (the+比较级，the+比较级 结构：越—越---)‎ 牛刀小试6：1 I _________( like) people who talk loudly in public places. I think its very impolite.‎ ‎ 2 It is _______( fair) that he gets very little in reward for his hard work.‎ ‎ 3 Your mistake caused a lot of __________ (necessary) work in the office.‎ ‎ 4 Now the water in the river is ________(clean) than ever.‎ ‎ 5 We have made our ________( mind) to study English.‎ ‎ ‎ 训练提升一 ‎1. I was certain she would like it because I _______ (tell) by my classmates that she loved hot food. ‎ ‎2. Being too anxious often ________ (lead) to the bad result.‎ ‎3 In Logan, three people ______ (take) to a hospital, while others were treated at a local clinic(地方诊所). ‎ ‎4 House prices in that city _______________ ( decrease) by only 5% since last year.‎ 训练提升二 ‎1________ (speak) out your inner(内心的) feeling won’t make you feel ashamed, on the contrary…(说出你的内心感受不会使你难堪，相反。。。)‎ ‎2 We must also consider the reaction of the person __________ (receive) the gift.‎ ‎3 Before the waitress could even finish describing the menu, my friend looked at me with his eyebrows(眉毛) (raise).‎ ‎4 __________(complete) the project as planned, we’ll have to work two more hours a day.‎ ‎5 He saw the stone, ______(say) to himself: “The night will be very dark.”‎ ‎6 Lessons ________ (learn) in sports can help us in our dealing with other people. ‎ 训练提升三 ‎1. “Thirty-five cents,” she said _________ (rude). ‎ ‎2. As far as I am concerned, my ____________ (suggest) is that we should always have a notebook and a Chinese-English dictionary within easy reach. ‎ ‎3. This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their _______ (nature) course. ‎ ‎4. It is ___________(legal) to sell drugs, which do harm to people’s health.‎ 5. One of the __________ (bad) gift choices I ever made was for my high school English teacher… ‎ ‎6. We were both laughing the whole time. When it was time to leave, I said “thank you” in English, using some of the few words I had learned. I felt __________ (lonely) than I had expected that night. ‎ ‎7. Lucille Clifton is an award-winning poet and writer. Critics（评论家） call her one of the _________ (great) writers of our time.‎ ‎8． He took some special _________( course) to improve singing ability.‎ 综合提升训练 ‎1 Little children live under the ____________(protect) of their parents.‎ ‎2 Deeply _________( affect) by the story of Cong Fei, I am determined to be a volunteer.‎ ‎3 I found the streets _________( decorate) with colorful flowers.‎ ‎4 I am eager to share my _ ____ ( happy) with you.‎ ‎5 You have made much _______ (great) progress in English ‎6 She’s thinking of __________( select) some short stories for my outside reading.‎ ‎7 He looked through the suits and___________( select ) the cheapest for me.‎ ‎8 It is a great honor to attend a dinner party _______( host) by the president of the company.‎ ‎9 Professor Li failed many times but he ________(final) found a good way to solve the problem.‎ ‎10 It is an _________(extreme) difficult task.‎ ‎11 People will have eye problems if they spend too much time _________( watch) 3-D movies.‎ ‎12 The lawyer devoted his _________( value) time to helping us.‎ ‎13 ___________( reach) the goal his boss set for him is his present dream.‎ ‎14 He was so angry that he threw the glass, _________( break) it into pieces.‎ ‎15 I must have the paper ________( type) in less than two hours.‎ ‎16 The next contest will __________( host) in Shanghai.‎ ‎17 The more you speak English, ____________( good) it will become.‎ ‎18 The __________ expression on his face suggested that he was __________ at ‎ the ___________news. ( amaze)‎ ‎19 Not _________(know) how to solve the problem, he asked the teacher for help.‎ ‎20 _______( praise) by the teacher, the students were very excited.‎ 答案：‎ 训练提升一 1. was told 2. leads 3. were taken 4. have decreased ‎ 训练提升二 1. Speaking 2. receiving 3. raised 4. To complete 5. saying 6. learned ‎ 训练提升三 1. rudely 2. suggestion 3. natural 4. illegal 5. bad 6. more lonely 7. greatest 8. courses ‎ 综合提升训练 ‎1. protection 2. affected 3. decorated 4. happiness 5. great 6. selecting ‎ ‎7. selected 8. hosted 9. finally 10 . extremely 11. watching 12. valuable 13. Reading 14. breaking 15. typed 16. be hosted 17. the better ‎ ‎18. amazed, amazed, amazing 19. knowing 20. Praised ‎