2019高考英语北京四中二轮练习资料：阅读理解03含解析 11页

‎2019高考英语北京四中二轮练习资料：阅读理解03含解析 ‎(七)‎ A ‎(2017·福建卷，B)‎ For five days，Edmonton's Downtown Park is transformed into one huge stage where artists are able to share their talents，and where people are able to celebrate and enjoy themselves.Since its beginning in 1980，the Edmonton Folk Music Festival has been commemorating (纪念) the true feeling of what folk music is all about and that's the traditional togetherness(友爱)that is felt when people gather to share stories and feelings through song.‎ This year will be the sixth year when volunteer Riedel will be offering up her time to the festival.“People coming off a busy spring and summer have a moment of relaxation.”Riedel said.“It's really easy to relax，and it's great seeing family and friends have fun together.”These families and friends come from all different kinds of musical tastes.People who take pleasure in Blues are there，so are people who love Bluegrass.This festival does its best to develop everyone's musical interests.‎ With so many years of experience，the festival has become a welloiled machine，and does whatever it can to make attendees feel as comfortable as possible.There are free water stations throughout the venue (举办地) for people to fill up their travel cups.When people buy food，reusable dishes are given a $2 plate fee，but that is returned when the plate is brought back.‎ The festival has completely sold out of tickets, and in record time.But with big names such as Van Morrison and Jakob Dylan, it's easy to see how that was going to happen.There is no parking area during the festival, so using the Park & Ride system or Edmonton Transit is highly recommended.A bike lockup area is provided and will be available Thursday until Sunday one hour before the gates open until 45 minutes after the gates close.‎ The Edmonton Folk Music Festival begins on Wednesday, Aug.4 with Van Morrison playing the special donation fund (基金)concert, and will finish up on Sunday, Aug.8.‎ 本文主要讲述为了让人们了解民间音乐的真正意义而举办的一个节日——the Edmonton Folk Music Festival。‎ ‎1．The Edmonton Folk Music Festival is held mainly to______.‎ A．gather people with different musical tastes B．remind people of the real sense of folk music C．exhibit the good voices of great talents in folk music D．collect old stories of folk music 答案：B。细节理解题。由本文的第一段信息“...the Edmonton Music Festival has been commemorating the true feeling of what folk music is all about...”可知B项正确。‎ ‎2．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?‎ A．Riedel has volunteered for the festival for at least 5 years.‎ B．It's hard for people to appreciate Blues.‎ C．It costs people a little to fill up their cups from water stations.‎ D．People have to pay ﹩2 for a plate of food.‎ 答案：A。推理判断题。由第二段第一句话“This year will be the sixth year when volunteer Riedel will be offering up her time to the festival”．可推知Riedel至少做志愿者五年了，故A项正确。‎ ‎3．We can learn from the passage that______.‎ A．people can get tickets easily for the festival B．the Edmonton Folk Music Festival is well organized C．driving one's own car to the festival is highly recommended D．bikes are available at the festival from Wednesday to Sunday 答案：B。推理判断题。由第三段“With so many years of experience，the festival has become a welloiled machine...”可知该节日组织得井井有条，故B项正确。‎ ‎4．What would be the best title for this passage?‎ A．Folk Music of Blues B．One Festival for All C．Festival for Family Gathering D．Edmonton's ‎Downtown‎ ‎Park 答案：B。主旨大意题。通读全文可知。文章主要讲述the Edmonton Folk Music Festival这一个节日，故B项最正确。‎ B ‎(2017·全国卷，C)‎ ‎ Student Membership—Cambridge Arts Cinema ‎ Cambridge Arts Cinema is one of the art houses in Britain and home of the internationally celebrated Cambridge Film Festival. Since 1947 generations of students have discovered the wealth of world cinema. Now you too can make the most of it and save money.‎ At_the_Arts_you_can...‎ ‎●choose from up to 40 films a month ‎●see up to 8 premieres (首映) each month ‎●catch screenings when you like—we open early and close late ‎●increase your knowledge of film with our special events—each year we run seasons on various types of films and directors ‎●meet the filmmakers What_you_get_as_a_member：‎ ‎●invitation to a preview screening (试映)‎ ‎●￡1 off the standard prices (￡4.50/￡3. 50) for any screening including special events ‎●your own copy of each cinema programme mailed free of charge ‎●a card with your own membership number ‎●50% off membership to the Cambridge Darkroom Gallery So what are you waiting for? Just fill in the form and return it either in person or by post to: ‎ ‎ Box Office Cambridge Arts Cinema ‎8 Market Passage Cambridge‎ CN2 3PF It costs ￡15 to join and your card can be used from 1st October 2017 to 30th June 2018.‎ Cinema Information: ‎ ‎01223 572929‎ ‎(24hr)‎ Box Office：01223 504444‎ 本文主要介绍剑桥艺术影院以广告的形式吸引更多的会员。‎ ‎5．Which of the following is the most famous event held at Cambridge Arts Cinema?‎ A. The Cambridge Film Festival. B. Meetings with filmmakers.‎ C. The preview screening. D. Monthly premieres.‎ 答案：A。细节理解题。由第一段第一句可判断A项正确。‎ ‎6．If you're a member of Cambridge Arts Cinema, you will enjoy free ________.‎ A. Darkroom Gallery shows B. mailed programmes C. special film events D. film shows 答案：B。细节理解题。由文中“your own copy of each cinema programme mailed free of charge”可知B项正确。‎ ‎7．How long will the membership for Cambridge Arts Cinema last?‎ A. Four months. B. Eight months.‎ C. Nine months. D. One year.‎ 答案：C。细节理解题。由文中“...from 1st October 2017 to 30th June 2018”．可知答案为C项。‎ ‎8．For what purpose is the text written?‎ A. Offering students cheaper tickets.‎ B. Announcing the opening of a premiere.‎ C. Telling the public of the cinema's address.‎ D. Increasing the cinema's membership.‎ 答案：D。主旨大意题。综观全文可知本文的主要目的是吸引更多的人成为会员。‎ C ‎(2017·湖北卷，C)‎ In today's throwaway society，dealing with the city's growing mountain of waste is an increasing challenge for the city council(市议会)．‎ Recently, Edinburgh is faced with the problem of disposing of(处理)about 250,000 million tons of waste a year. Despite different ways to dispose of much of it in a green manner—largely through encouraging recycling—its aging facilities such as the Powderhall landfill do not have the ability to deal with it.‎ The European Union(EU) has issued a new policy，regulating how such mountains of waste are to be disposed of.The five councils (Edinburgh，East Lothian, West Lothian，Midlothian and Borders) face fines around ￡18 million a year from 2018 if they don't increase recycling levels and rely less on landfill.With this in mind，the councils got together with the idea of building a large incinerator plant (垃圾焚烧厂)to burn half of the waste produced in their districts.But this plan fell apart after the change of target levels by a new UK government waste policy which required that no more than 25% of the city's waste should be disposed of in this way by 2025.‎ After the plan was abandoned，a private company which already transported millions of tons of the city's waste by train to a landfill site near Dunbar，offered an alternative solution when it suggested opening a huge waste site near Portobello.‎ Since Powderhall is supposed to close in 2018，it seemed necessary for the members of the Edinburgh Council to accept the suggestion.But soon they turned it down—after 700 local objections reached them—because it would have meant hundreds of lorries a day making loud noise through heavily populated areas.‎ That still leaves the council with a problem.By 2018，only 50% of 1995 levels of waste will be allowed to be sent to landfill.Even if recycling targets are met，there will still be a large amount of rubbish to be burnt up.Due to this，Edinburgh and Midlothian councils have now decided to work together to build an incinerator plant as time to find a solution is fast running out.‎ 回收利用曾是最绿色的垃圾处理方式。 但是，这种处理方法却不能短时间内满足欧盟对于及时解决废物的政策需求，因此，在回收利用的同时，他们还是得重建一所大型的垃圾焚烧厂。‎ ‎9．The main way of handling waste in a green manner in Edinburgh is ________.‎ A．recycling B．restoring C．burying D．burning 答案：A。细节判断题。第二段中的信息词“largely through encouraging recycling”可以断定选项A的说法是与原文保持一致的。‎ ‎10．The five councils worked out a plan to build an incinerator plant to ________.‎ A．reduce the cost of burying waste B．meet the EU requirements ‎ C．speed up waste recycling D．replace landfill sites 答案：B。细节判断题。在第三个段落的开头提到了“The EU has issued a new policy...”便可以断定他们制定这个处理垃圾的计划也正是这个政策的出台，所以与选项B的说法是相符合的。‎ ‎11．The city council of Edinburgh rejected the suggestion to open a huge landfill site near Portobello because ________.‎ A．it came from a private company B．the council was not interested in it ‎ C．it was not supported by EU D．the local people were against it 答案：D。细节判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“...700 local objections reached them...”，可以断定市民是反对的。‎ ‎12．What is the final decision of Edinburgh and Midlothian councils? ‎ A．To open a new landfill nearby.‎ B．To close the Powderhall landfill in 2018.‎ C．To set up a plant for burning waste.‎ D．To persuade people to reduce their waste.‎ 答案：C。细节判断题。根据文章最后一句话中的“set up an incenerator plant”，即：建一个垃圾焚烧厂，就可以断定，选项C与本信息句是相吻合的。‎ D ‎(2017·重庆卷，E)‎ Skeptics are a strange lot.Some of them refuse to admit the serious threat of human activities to the enviroment, and they are tired of people who disagree with them.Those people，say skeptics，spread nothing but bad news about the environment.The “ecoguilt”brought on by the discouraging news about our planet gives rise to the popularity of skeptics as people search for more comforting worldviews.‎ Perhaps that explains why a new book by Bjorn Lomborg received so much publicity.That book ，The Skeptical Environmentalist, declares that it measures the “real state of the world”as fine. Of course ，another explanation is the deep pockets of some big businesses with special interests. Indeed, Mr. Lomborg's views are similar to those of some industryfunded organizations, which start huge activities through the media to confuse the public about issues like global warming.‎ So it was strange to see Mr. Lomborg's book go largely unchallenged in the media though his beliefs were contrary to most scientific opinions. One national newspaper in Canada ran a number of articles and reviews full of words of praise, even with the conclusion that “After Lomborg, the environmental movement will begin to die down.”‎ Such onesided views should have immediately been challenged. But only a different review ‎ appeared in Nature, a respected science magazine with specific readership. The review remarked that Mr. Lomborg's “preference for unexamined materials is incredible(不可信的)”．‎ A critical (批判的)eye is valuable, and the media should present information in such a way that could allow people to make informed decisions. Unfortunately, that is often inaccessible as blocked by the desire to be shocking or to defend some special interests. People might become halfblind before a world partially exhibited by the media. That's a shame, because matters concerning the health of the planet are far too important to be treated lightly.‎ 本文讲述了怀疑论者不承认人类活动对环境造成的危胁，认为地球状况是良好的，这迎合了一些追求利益的商业公司。但是关系地球健康的问题是相当重要的，人们一定要严肃对待。‎ ‎13. According to the passage, which of the following may be regarded as “skeptics”？‎ A. People who agree on the popularity of “ecoguilt”．‎ B. People who disbelieve the serious situation of our planet.‎ C. People who dislike the harmful effect of human activities.‎ D. People who spread comforting news to protect our environment.‎ 答案：B。细节理解题。根据短文第一段可知，怀疑论者不承认人类活动对环境的影响。短文第二段第二句话中提到，他们认为世界的真正状态是好的，由此可知B项正确。‎ ‎14. Which of the following can be a reason for the popularity of Lomborg's book?‎ A．Some big businesses intend to protect their own interests. ‎ B．The book challenges views about the fine state of the world.‎ C．The author convinces people to seek comforting worldviews.‎ D．Industryfunded media present confusing information.‎ 答案：A。细节理解题。根据短文第二段最后一句话可知Lomborg的观点与一些由工业资助的组织的观点是相似的。因此可知这些大的组织为了自己的利益也不会注重环保。‎ ‎15. The author mentioned the review in Nature in order to ______.‎ A. voice a different opinion B. find fault with Lomborg's book ‎ C. challenge the authority of the media D. point out the value of scientific views 答案：A。推理判断题。第三段提到加拿大的一家报纸对Lomborg的书大加赞扬，第四段又提到这片面的观点应当受到挑战，然后说“Nature”杂志上就有不同的评论。由此可知A项正确。‎ ‎16. What is the author's main purpose in writing the passage?‎ A. To encourage the skeptics to have a critical eye.‎ B. To warn the public of the danger of halfblindness with reviews.‎ C. To blame the media's lack of responsibility in presenting information.‎ D. To show the importance of presenting overall information by the media.‎ 答案：‎ D。作者意图题。由短文最后一段第二句话可知，媒体应当提供全方位的信息，让人们在了解情况的前提下做出决定。由此可知D项正确。‎ E ‎(2017·四川卷，E)‎ In business, there's a speed difference：It's the difference between how important a firm's leaders say speed is to their competitive (竞争的) strategy(策略)and how fast the company actually moves.The difference is important regardless of industry and company size. Companies fearful of losing their competitive advantage spend much time and money looking for ways to pick up the speed.‎ In our study of 343 businesses, the companies that chose to go, go, go to try to gain_an_edge ended up with lower sales and operating incomes than those that paused at key moments to make sure they were on the right track. What's more, the firms that “slowed down to speed up ”improved their top and bottom lines, averaging 40% higher sales and 52% higher operating incomes over a threeyear period.‎ How did they disobey the_laws_of_business_physics,_taking more time than competitors yet performing better? They thought differently about what “slower ” and “faster” mean. Firms sometimes fail to understand the difference between operational speed (moving quickly )and strategic speed (reducing the time it takes to deliver value ). Simply increasing the speed of production, for example, may be one way to try to reduce the speed difference. But that often leads to reduced value over time, in the form of lowerquality products and services.‎ In our study, higherperforming companies with strategic speed always made changes when necessary. They became more open to ideas and discussion. They encouraged new ways of thinking. And they allowed time to look back and learn. By contrast (相比而言), performance suffered at firms that moved fast all the time, paid too much attention to improving efficiency, Stuck to tested methods, didn't develop team spirit among their employees, and had little time thinking about changes.‎ Strategic speed serves as a kind of leadership. Teams that regularly take time to get things right, rather than plough ahead full bore, are more successful in meeting their business goals. That kind of strategy must come from the top.‎ 提速，似乎是历来公司老总们所追求的，增加效益更是他们的最终目标。而人们对于速度的不同理解和方法的不同，确实适得其反。‎ ‎17．What does the underlined part “gain an edge” in Paragraph 2 mean ?‎ A．Increase the speed. B．Get an advantage.‎ C．Reach the limit. D．Set a goal.‎ 答案：B。理解判断题。在文章的第一段中就提到了许多公司提速的目的就是利益问题，信息词“fearful of losing their competitive advantage”可以说明划线部分的意义同选项B。‎ ‎18．The underlined part “the laws of business physics” in Paragraph 3 means ________.‎ A．spending more time and performing worse B．spending more time and performing better C．spending less time and performing worse ‎ D．spending less time and performing better 答案：D。归纳概况题。既然公司追求的是提速，自然意味着：take less time ；而最终的效益还得需要performing better，故两者结合，才是公司一直在梦寐以求的最正确目标。应选D。‎ ‎19. What can we learn from the text?‎ A．How fast a firm moves depends on how big it is.‎ B．How competitive a firm is depends on what it produces.‎ C．Firms guided by strategic speed take time to make necessary changes.‎ D．Firms guided by operational speed take time to develop necessary team spirit.‎ 答案：C。细节判断题。倒数第二段的第一句里含有此题的信息，即同选项C的说法是一致的。‎ ‎20．Which could be the best title for the text?‎ A．Improve quality? Serve better. B．Deliver value? Plough ahead.‎ C．Reduce time? Move faster. D．Need speed? Slow down.‎ 答案：D。主旨大意题。文章的开头就已经点明了本文的主题方向，即：公司想方设法提高工作速度；而文中通过分析比较不同公司的不同的做法和他们对于速度不同的理解，如果没有好的决策，适得其反，应选项D是最正确答案。‎ ‎****************************************************结束 C4[2018·重庆卷] ‎ B ‎ Top lists are lecturing people on everything from “100 places to visit” to “100 books to read”. Aren't you just tired of being told what to do with your time?‎ ‎ Now you have a list to end all lists!‎ ‎ Take a look at the following two examples from the list of “101 things not to do”：‎ ‎ Swim with Dolphins(海豚)? ‎ ‎ Swimming with dolphins is one of the world's most profitable tourist activities.However, not every dolphin will welcome having their busy, tiring day interrupted by tourists screaming and pushing around them in the water. Worse yet, when dolphins get too near to the boats loaded with tourists, they could get caught up in ropes and killed by propellers(‎ 螺旋桨)．‎ ‎ Here's a little secret. Dolphins look like smiling at you, but actually they're just opening their mouths.‎ ‎ Go to See the Mona Lisa?‎ ‎ There must be something about the mysterious(神秘的) smile. The 6 million people who visit the lady in the Louvre every year can't all be wrong, after all. But they can be quite annoying, standing in front of you; holding up their cameras to prevent you from seeing anything. In fact, it is hard for you to see the painting clearly because you have to stay away from it for security reasons. After queuing for hours, many tourists can remain in front of the painting only for 15 seconds at most.‎ ‎ If the mysterious lady in the picture knew her fate, she wouldn't just be smiling, she'd be laughing.‎ ‎ So, still long to see the Mona Lisa? If you want to find out more about the list, read 101 Things NOT to Do Before You Die. Visit www.not2dobeforeidie.co.uk and buy the book at a 20% discount.‎ ‎60. According to the passage, swimming with dolphins ________.‎ ‎ A. is the world's most popular tourist activity B. gives fun to both tourists and dolphins ‎ C. will make tourists busy and tired D. can cause danger to dolphins ‎ ‎61. What does the author think about going to see Mona Lisa? ‎ ‎ A. It is wrong to go and see the mysterious smile. ‎ B. It is not as satisfying as expected.‎ ‎ C. Fifteen seconds in front of the painting is enough. ‎ D. Queuing for hours is worthwhile. ‎ ‎62. The list of “101 things not to do” is made most probably because its author ________.‎ ‎ A. thinks it boring to do the things suggested by other lists B. believes other lists are not humorous enough ‎ ‎ C. intends to persuade people to read more lists D．wants to provide a list different from other lists ‎ ‎ 63. What is the main purpose of the passage?‎ ‎ A. To advertise a book. ‎ B. To introduce a website. ‎ ‎ C. To comment on popular lists. ‎ D. To recommend tourist activities. ‎ ‎【要点综述】该篇短文前面否定“100 lists to do”的种种弊端，最后推出自己的101 Things NOT to Do Before You Die，很明显是一则常见的广告。‎ ‎60. D　细节理解题。从Swim with ‎ Dolphins下面材料中的第一段最后一句可知和海豚一起游泳会给海豚带来危险。‎ ‎61. B　细节理解题。在Go to See the Mona Lisa的材料中，作者反复论证了go to see the Mona Lisa的诸多弊端，每年大量的游客前往参观，个人不可能有预想的观赏效果。‎ ‎62. D　推理判断题。该文采取先抑后扬的写作技巧，其目的是要提出不同的观点。‎ ‎63. A　写作意图题。该篇材料最后点出写作目的，即为101 Things NOT to Do Before You Die打广告。‎ ‎***********************************************************结束 C4[2018·四川卷] ‎ B Here is your best chance to travel around the UK in 2018: More that 200 B&Bs(bed & breakfast) across England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland are selected to offer you amazing services for your stay at their lowest prices! Don’t miss it. Just collect the vouchers(活动券) in our B&B Daily printed from 01/04/2018 to 07/04/2018 and book the stays for your travel following the terms and conditions below：‎ ‎·The offer includes a room for the night and a breakfast the next morning.‎ ‎·The offer is of two kinds：￡ 20 per room, per night, valid(有效的)during stay period of 02/04/2018－31/05/2018 and then again 01/09/2018－31/10/2018；￡ 35 per room, per night, valid during stay period of 01/06/2018－31/08/2018.‎ ‎·The offer is valid for a basic twin or double room only.‎ ‎·The stay must be booked directly with the chosen B &Bs before 28/04/2018.‎ ‎·Each voucher can only be used by the holder to book one room for one night.‎ ‎·If voucher holders book either the ￡20 or ￡35 per room per night, and additional services such as lunch, evening meal or activities may require an extra charge. But these are not required in order to take up the offer. Please check directly with your chosen B&Bs to see what extra services are available.‎ ‎·Vouchers must be presented on arrival. If no vouchers are presented, the B&Bs may reserve(保留)the right to charge at full price for every night of stay.‎ ‎·Vouchers may not be used together with any other offer.‎ ‎·The voucher holders must pay for the stay in full at the time of booking. Additional $10 may be paid to confirm(确认) the booking and will be returned on arrival.‎ ‎·The B&Bs reserve the right to refuse voucher holders’ bookings for people under the age of 18.‎ ‎45. The voucher can be used for a stay at the chosen B&B on ________.‎ A．09/01/2018 B．04/02/2018‎ C．01/03/2018 D．28/04/2018‎ ‎46. How much should be paid for a twonight stay in October 2018 at a chosen B&B?‎ A．￡70. B．￡40. C．￡35. D．￡30.‎ ‎47. What right do the B&Bs reserve?‎ A．To charge extra $10 for bookings with no vouchers.‎ B．To refuse bookings for guests under the age of 18.‎ C．To charge at full price for stays not confirmed.‎ D．To request extra charges as tips.‎ ‎48. By taking up the offer, the voucher holders can choose to________.‎ A．book either a basic twin or double room at the chosen B&Bs B．have lunch or evening meal without paying extra money C．use the B&B offer together with other offers D．book the stays through B&B Daily ‎ ‎【要点综述】本文介绍了英国的B&Bs旅行食宿优惠活动，主要谈到了此次活动的具体操作及注意事项。‎ ‎45. D　推理判断题。根据文中所提到的时间：02/04/2018—31/05/2018；01/09/2018—31/10/2018；01/06/2018—31/08/2018可知，四到十月活动券有效。故答案为D。‎ ‎46. B　推理判断题。根据文中“￡20 per room, per night, valid(有效的)during stay period of 02/04/2018—31/05/2018 and then again 01/09/2018—31/10/2018…”可知，在十月住两天晚上需￡40。‎ ‎47．B　细节理解题。根据最后一条规定“The B&Bs reserve the right to refuse voucher holders’ bookings for people under the age of 18.”可知答案为B。‎ ‎48. A　细节理解题。根据第三条规定“The offer is valid for a basic twin or double room only.”可知答案为A。‎ ‎************************************************************结束