高考英语总复习专项专练名词人教版含2013模拟解析 11页

课时作业41　语法专练一　名词 ‎　高考真题 ‎1．(2012·福建高考)—Why do you choose to work in an international travel agency?‎ ‎—Well, you know, English is my ________.So it is my best choice.‎ A．strength B．talent C．ability D．skill 解析：strength意为“长处，强项，力气”；talent意为“天赋”；ability意为“能力”；skill意为“技能”。 句意：——你为什么选择在一家国际旅行社工作？——哦，你知道，英语是我的强项。 因此这是我的最佳选择。‎ 答案：A ‎2．(2012·湖北高考)The officer insisted that Michael did not follow the correct ________ in applying for a visa. ‎ A．pattern B．procedure C．program D．perspective 解析：句意：这位官员坚持说迈克尔在申请签证过程中没有遵循正确的程序。pattern“花样，图案”；procedure“程序，步骤”；program“节目，计划”；perspective“态度，观点”。‎ 答案：B ‎3．(2012·江苏高考)—Can I help you with it?‎ ‎—I appreciate your ________， but I can manage it myself.‎ A．advice B．question C．offer D．idea 解析：advice意为“建议”；question意为“问题”；offer意为“提供，提议”；idea意为“想法，主意”。根据语境看出“我可以帮忙吗？”是对方主动的提议，所以选C项。‎ 答案：C ‎4．(2012·江西高考)You'd better write down the phone number of that restaurant ‎ for future ________.‎ A．purpose B．reference C．progress D．memory 解析：句意：你最好写下那个餐馆的电话号码，以供日后参考。for future reference是一个常用词组，意为“以供日后参考”。‎ 答案：B ‎5．(2012·山东高考)My first ________ of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man.‎ A．expression B．attention C．satisfaction D．impression 解析：expression“表达，表情”；attention“注意力，关心”；satisfaction“满意，满足”；impression“印象，感想”。句意：他给我的第一印象是他是一个善良体贴的年轻人。故D项正确。‎ 答案：D ‎6．(2012·四川高考)He will come to understand your efforts sooner or later. It's just a matter of ________.‎ A．luck B．value C．time D．fact 解析：句意：他迟早会明白你的努力的，这只是时间问题。a matter of time“时间问题”，符合句意。‎ 答案：C ‎7．(2012·浙江高考)Your ________ as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflecting on how you learn.‎ A．operation B．growth C．performance D．character 解析：句意：如果你养成思考如何学习的习惯，作为学生，你的表现将会是优秀的。operation“操作，运转，经营”；growth“成长”；performance“表现，行为，成就”；character “性格，特征”。‎ 答案：C ‎8．(2012·全国Ⅱ)The Harry Potter books are quite popular, they are in great ‎ ________ in this city.‎ A．quantity B．progress C．production D．demand 解析：quantity“数量”；progress“进步，进展”；production“生产”；demand“需求”，词组in great demand表示“需求量很大”。句意：《哈利·波特》系列小说非常流行；它们在这个城市需求量很大。故选D项。‎ 答案：D ‎9．(2012·天津高考)You are working too hard. You'd better keep a ________ between work and relaxation.‎ A．promise B．lead C．balance D．diary 解析：句意：你工作太努力了。你最好能在工作和休息之间保持一种平衡。keep a promise“信守诺言”；keep a lead“保持领先”；keep a balance“保持一种平衡”；keep a diary“记日记”。‎ 答案：C ‎10．(2011·江苏高考)Teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional ________.‎ A．consequence B．independence C．competence D．intelligence 解析：句意：为了保持专业能力，老师们需要不断更新知识。consequence“结果，后果”；independence“独立，自主”；competence“能力，技能”；intelligence“智力，智慧”。‎ 答案：C ‎11．(2011·山东高考)There's a ________ in our office that when it's somebody's birthday, they bring in a cake for us all to share.‎ A．tradition B．balance C．concern D．relationship 解析：tradition“传统，惯例”；balance“天平，平衡”；concern“关心，挂念”；relationship“关系”。句意：在我们办公室里有一个传统，有人过生日，他们就会拿蛋糕与众人分享。根据句意A项正确。‎ 答案：A ‎12．(2011·浙江高考)Anyway，I can't cheat him—it's against all my ________.‎ A．emotions B．principles ‎ C．regulations D．opinions 解析：emotion“情感”；principle“原理，原则”；regulation“管理，规则”；opinion“观点，看法”。句意：无论如何，我不能欺骗他，那违背了我的处事原则。故选B项。‎ 答案：B ‎13．(2011·福建高考)The lack of ecofriendly habits among the public is thought to be a major________of global climate change.‎ ‎ A．result B．cause ‎ C．warning D．reflection 解析：result“结果”；cause“原因，理由”，常与介词of搭配，表示“……的原因”；warning“警告，警报，先兆”；reflection“反应，反射”。由空前的“缺少生态环保的习惯”与空后的of global climate change可推知，此处应用cause表示“全球气候变化的原因”。句意：公众缺少生态环保的习惯被认为是全球气候变化的一个主要原因。‎ 答案：B ‎14．(2011·四川高考)Always remember to put such dangerous things as knives out of children's ________.‎ ‎ A．touch B．sight C．reach D．distance 解析：out of one's reach或beyond one's reach“在某人够不着的地方或力所不能及的范围”。句意：记住，要将诸如小刀之类的危险物品放在小孩够不到的地方。‎ 答案：C ‎15．(2011·湖北高考)“Tommy, run! Be quick! The house is on fire！” the mother shouted, with________clearly in her voice.‎ A．anger B．rudeness C．regret D．panic 解析：anger“生气，愤怒”；rudeness“粗鲁，无礼”；regret“后悔，遗憾”；panic“惊慌，惊恐”。 句意：“汤米，快跑，房子着火了！”母亲大声喊着，声音中透着明显的惊慌。根据句意，D项正确。‎ 答案：D ‎16．(2011·湖北高考)Giving up my job to go back to fulltime education was a big ________， but now I know it was the best decision I have ever made.‎ A．project B．commitment C．competition D．ambition 解析：本题考查名词辨析。句意：放弃工作再回到全日制教育中去是一个很大的挑战，但是现在看来，那是我做出的最好的决定。project“工程”；commitment“重担，义务”；competition“竞争”；ambition“野心”。根据常识判断，一个不容易做的事情常被看作是一个挑战，一项难以完成的任务或一份重担。故B项符合句意。‎ 答案：B ‎17．(2010·江苏高考)The doctor is skilled at treating heart trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients, so he has a very good ________.‎ A．expectation B．reputation C．contribution D．civilization 解析：句意：这位医生在治疗心脏病方面技术高超而且从不接受病人的礼物，因此他有很好的声誉。本题考查名词辨析。expectation“期待；预料”；reputation“名声，声望”，have a good reputation 为固定搭配，意为“享有很好的声誉”；contribution“贡献”；civilization“文明”。根据句意选B。‎ 答案： B ‎18．(2010·安徽高考)I haven't seen Sara since she was a little girl, and she has changed beyond ________.‎ A．hearing B．strength C．recognition D．measure 解析：句意：自从萨拉长大我就没见过她，她已经变得认不出来了。hearing“听力”；strength“力量，力气”；recognition“认出”；measure“测量，度量，尺寸”。根据句意选C。‎ 答案：C ‎19．(2010·湖北高考)This restaurant has become popular for its wide ________ of foods that suit all tastes and pockets.‎ A．circle B．range C．area D．division 解析：句意：由于食物范围广，适合各种口味和收入水平(的人)，因此这家餐馆很受欢迎。division 划分，区分；area 面积，地面；range 范围；circle 圆，圈子。‎ 答案：B ‎20．(2010·浙江高考)The school advisers help you talk through your problems but they don't give you any direct ________.‎ A．solution B．target C．measure D．function 解析：句意：学校顾问帮你谈论你的问题，但他们没给你任何直接的解决问题的办法。solution 解决办法；target 目标；measure 尺寸；衡量；标准；function 功能，作用。‎ 答案：A ‎　模拟精选 ‎1．(2013·湖北重点中学联考)A suitable ________ to the engine of his secondhand car was made to improve its working condition.‎ A．achievement B．admission C．assessment D．adjustment 解析：adjustment调整。句意：他对二手汽车的发动机进行了适当调整以改进它的工作状况。achievement成就；admission进入；assessment评估。‎ 答案：D ‎2．(2013·湖北黄冈中学月考)It was said that the government would consider lifting a ________ on immigration from other countries into the states, which launched a heated debate on the issue.‎ A．reservation B．restriction C．tendency D．departure 解析：restriction限制。句意：据说政府将考虑严格限制从其它国家移民到这些洲，这引起了关于这个问题的热烈争论。reservation保护；tendency趋势；departure出发。‎ 答案：B ‎3．(2013·河北唐山一模)I came round in hospital and didn't know where I was.Everything was a________.‎ A．blank B．silence C．break D．shock 解析：blank“空白”；silence“沉默”；break“暂停”；shock“震惊”。句意：我在医院里苏醒过来，不知道自己在哪里。脑子里一片空白。‎ 答案：A ‎4．(2013·山东潍坊一模)If I buy more than one，will you give me a________？‎ A．discount B．change C．bargain D．compromise 解析：句意：如果我不只买一个的话，你是不是能给我打折？discount“折扣，打折”；change“变化，零钱”；bargain“便宜货”；compromise“妥协，折中”，根据语境选A项。‎ 答案：A ‎5．(2013·合肥第一次质检)Rose is Mr.Smith's secretary，so she has________to all his business emails.‎ A．power B．account C．way D．access 解析：句意：罗斯是史密斯先生的秘书，因此她可以接触他所有的商业电子邮件。have access to“接触，有权使用”。‎ 答案：D ‎6．(2013·郑州第一次质量预测)—I really admire the people full of________.I'm always tired.‎ ‎—You'd better take more exercise.‎ A．power B．strength C．force D．energy 解析：根据“I'm always tired.”可知，第一句应表示“我真羡慕那些精力充沛的人”，选D项，energy意为“精力，活力”。power“能力，权力”；strength“力量，力气”；force“暴力，武力”。‎ 答案：D ‎7．(2013·长春第一次调研)Have you heard the traffic________that happened in Yatai Street last week?‎ A．accident B．affair C．incident D．event 解析：根据句意可知应选A项，traffic accident意为“交通事故”。affair“事物，事件，私事”；incident“事件，事变”，用于表示突发事件或偶发事件；event“重要的事情，大事”。‎ 答案：A ‎8．(2013·湖北襄阳荆州中学联考)People in China don't often kiss or hug each other goodbyes or hello, which is a common ________ in some European countries.‎ A．statement B．practice C．exercise D．approach 解析：practice惯例。句意：告别或问候时中国人不常亲吻或拥抱，这在一些欧洲国家却是常见的做法。statement陈述；exercise练习；approach方法。‎ 答案：B ‎9．(2012·银川一中第四次考试)—These days，he has stayed up late into night in order to get good marks in the following monthly test.‎ ‎—It's no________that he seems tired and asleep in class every day.‎ A．wonder B．problem C．doubt D．question 解析：句意：——这些日子他为了在接下来的月考中取得好分数熬到很晚。——难怪他每天看起来都很累，上课时好像都能睡着。it's no wonder that...“难怪……”。‎ 答案：A ‎10．(2012·湖北重点中学联考)In order to protect the environment，people are ‎ greatly encouraged to travel by public________.‎ A．transport B．service C．means D．transfer 解析：句意：为了保护环境，人们被鼓励乘公交车。transport“交通，运输”；public transport“公共交通”，是固定搭配；service“服务”；means“方法，方式”；transfer“转移，调动”。‎ 答案：A ‎11．(2012·浙江调研测试)The rise in consumer spending is an encouraging________that the economy may be recovering.‎ A．symptom B．solution C．subject D．sign 解析：句意：消费支出的增长是一种令人鼓舞的迹象，表明经济可能在复苏。sign“迹象，标志”。symptom“症状”；solution“解决方法”；subject“主题”，都与语意不符。‎ 答案：D ‎12．(2012·安徽皖南八校第二次质检)I have been told that the new law will come into________on January 1st next year.‎ A．effect B．use C．service D．existence 解析：come into effect“生效”；come into use“开始被使用”；come into service“投入使用”；come into existence“成立，产生”。根据语意“我已被告知，这部新法将于明年元月一日生效”可知选A项。‎ 答案：A ‎13．(2012·湖北孝感第一次统考)I sent a big bunch of flowers to the nurse as an________of thanks for her taking good care of my grandpa in the nursing home.‎ A．attitude B．impression C．appreciation D．expression 解析：句意：我给护士送去一大束鲜花以表谢意，感谢她在我爷爷住疗养院期间给予的悉心照顾。an expression of thanks是express one's thanks的变形。C项若能与题干构成an appreciation of her taking good care of...结构，也正确。‎ 答案：D ‎14．(2012·浙江六校联盟第一次联考)Beyonce，a leading________in the music industry，gave birth to her daughter on Saturday.‎ A．statue B．figure C．brand D．attraction 解析：句意：碧昂斯是音乐界的一位重要人物，她于周六生了一个女儿。figure“(重要的或有名的)人物”。‎ 答案：B ‎15．(2012·山东青岛一模)Lack of________of culture difference to local customs can cause problems.‎ A．existence B．revolution C．awareness D．evidence 解析：句意：对地方习俗的文化差异缺乏了解会引起很多问题。existence“存在”；revolution“革命”；awareness“意识”；evidence“证据”。根据句意选C项。‎ 答案：C ‎16．(2012·东北三校第一次联考)—Everybody knows smoking is harmful to health, but still so many people smoke.‎ ‎—Exactly！So our country is planning to start a ________against smoking.‎ A．war B．campaign C．motion D．struggle 解析：war“战争”；campaign“运动”；motion“运动，提议”，struggle “斗争”。显然只有B项符合答语的句意，即“的确！所以我们国家正在计划开展一项戒烟运动”。‎ 答案：B ‎17．(2012·银川一中第四次考试)The TV series of Gong became popular and the theme song Love the feed sung by Yang Mi was a________at once and loved by young people.‎ A．shock B．strike C．hit D．beat 解析：‎ 句意：电视连续剧《宫》很受欢迎，而且杨幂唱的主题曲《爱的供养》风行一时，受到年轻人喜欢。根据句意选C项，hit表示“风行一时的事物”。‎ 答案：C ‎18．(2012·天津十二区县联考)I have to reschedule the appointment with you since there is a ________in my arrangement.‎ A．contract B．contrast C．connection D．conflict 解析：句意：我得重新安排跟你约会的时间，因为我的安排中有冲突。conflict“冲突，矛盾”；contract“合同”；contrast“对比”；connection“联系”。‎ 答案：D ‎19．(2012·浙江五校联考)Mary's ________was whether to go to the graduation ball in her old dress or to stay at home.‎ A．ambition B．concept C．panic D．dilemma 解析：句意：玛丽难以定夺的事情是穿着旧衣服参加毕业舞会呢还是待在家里。dilemma“(进退两难的)窘境，困境”；ambition“抱负，雄心”；concept“概念”；panic“恐慌”。‎ 答案：D ‎20．(2012·湖北襄阳荆州中学联考)The ________ of the novel relies too much on coincidence to be realistic. So it is only worthwhile for us to kill time.‎ A．length B．truth C．outcome D．plot 解析：plot情节。句意：小说的情节，大部分依靠巧合而不真实。因此它只值得我们消磨时光。length长度；truth真相；outcome结果。‎ 答案：D