高考试题——英语北京卷解析 15页

‎2008年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 （北京卷）‎ 英语 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）‎ 第一节（共5 小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）‎ ‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ ‎1. What did the man win in his dream?‎ A. A holiday.‎ B. A new car.‎ C. Some money.‎ ‎2. Will the woman come to the party?‎ ‎ A. Maybe.‎ ‎ B. No ‎ C. Certainly ‎3. How long has the woman been an author?‎ ‎ A. About 30 years.‎ ‎ B. About 40 years.‎ ‎ C. About 70 years.‎ ‎4. What does the woman want?‎ ‎ A. A radio.‎ ‎ B. Some pens.‎ ‎ C. Some batteries.‎ ‎5. What is the woman doing?‎ ‎ A. Asking for information.‎ ‎ B. Asking for an apology.‎ ‎ C. Asking for help.‎ 第二节（共15 小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）‎ ‎ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话或独白前后，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。‎ ‎6. How many coats does the woman want?‎ ‎ A. 25. B. 30. C. 50.‎ ‎7. What is the order number for gloves?‎ ‎ A. P‎25G5. B. P26T5. C. P28D5.‎ 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。‎ ‎8. Which city has the woman visited recently?‎ ‎ A. New York. B. London. C. Paris.‎ ‎9. What does the woman like about the city?‎ ‎ A. City life. B. Weather. C. Environment.‎ 听第8段材料，回答第10至11。‎ ‎10. When will it rain?‎ ‎ A. In the morning.‎ B. In the afternoon.‎ C. At night.‎ ‎11. What will cause delays for traffic coming into town?‎ ‎ A. Rain.‎ ‎ B. A fog.‎ ‎ C. Bridge repairs.‎ 听第9段材料，回答第12至14题。‎ ‎12. Why did the woman go to the bank?‎ ‎ A. To buy a new house.‎ ‎ B. To meet the manager.‎ ‎ C. To make an appointment.‎ ‎13. What happened in the parking lot?‎ ‎ A. The woman quarreled with a stranger.‎ ‎ B. The woman failed to get her car parked in time.‎ ‎ C. The woman backed her car into the wrong place.‎ ‎14. What did the woman think of the man when she first saw him?‎ ‎ A. Selfish.‎ ‎ B. Clever.‎ ‎ C. Respectful.‎ 听第10段材料，回答第15至17题。‎ ‎15. How does the woman think about her work?‎ ‎ A. It is very good.‎ ‎ B. It is hard to say now.‎ ‎ C. It keeps her very busy.‎ ‎16. Where does the woman live now?‎ ‎ A. In her workplace.‎ ‎ B. In the city center.‎ ‎ C. In a big apartment.‎ ‎17. What are the two speakers talking about?‎ ‎ A. The woman’s life in a new city.‎ ‎ B. The woman’s travel experience.‎ ‎ C. The woman’s co-workers.‎ 听第11段材料，回答第18至20题。‎ ‎18. What is the woman’s view on smell?‎ ‎ A. It is personal.‎ ‎ B. It is concrete.‎ ‎ C. It is strange.‎ ‎19. What is special about smells?‎ ‎ A. They are as pleasant as music.‎ ‎ B. They can last about thirty days.‎ ‎ C. They make things more memorable.‎ ‎20. What is the woman’s most favorite smell?‎ ‎ A. Smell of the sea. ‎ ‎ B. Smell of her garden.‎ ‎ C. Smell of aircraft fuel.‎ 第二部分：知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节：单项填空（共15 小题；每小题1分，满分15分）‎ 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ ‎21. John promised his doctor he ________ not smoke, and he has smoked ever since.‎ ‎ A. might B. should C. could D. would.‎ ‎22. —Have you read book called Waiting for Anya?‎ ‎ —Who _______ it?‎ ‎ A. writes B. has written ‎ C. wrote D. had written ‎23. —Did you return Fred’s call?‎ ‎ —I didn’t need to ____ I’ll see him tomorrow.‎ ‎ A. though B. unless ‎ C. when D. because ‎24. ______ that she was going off to sleep, I asked if she’d like that little doll on her bed.‎ ‎ A. Seeing B. To see ‎ C. See D. Seen ‎25. It was hard for him to learn English in a family, in which _____ of the parents spoke the language.‎ ‎ A. none B. neither C. both D. each ‎26. After the long journey, the three of them went back home, ______.‎ ‎ A. hungry and tiredly B. hungry and tired ‎ C. hungrily and tiredly D. hungrily and tired ‎27. The hotel wasn’t particularly good. But I ____ in many worse hotels.‎ ‎ A .was staying B, stayed C. would stay D. had stayed ‎28. I’ll give you y friend’s home address, I can be reached most evenings.‎ ‎ A. which B. when ‎ C. whom D. where ‎29. No decision about any future appointment until all the candidates have been interviewed.‎ ‎ A. will be made B. is made ‎ C. is being made D. has been made ‎30. The companies are working together to create they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century.‎ ‎ A. which B. that C. what D. who ‎31. –Did the book give the information you needed?‎ ‎ –Yes. But _____ it, I had to read the entire book.‎ A. to find B. find C. to finding D. finding ‎32. I feel greatly honored ____ into their society.‎ A. to welcome B. welcoming C. to be welcomed D. welcomed ‎33. If you really have to leave during the meeting, you’d better leave ____ the back door.‎ A. for B. by C. across D. out ‎34. I’m sorry you’ve been waiting so long, but it’ll still be some time ____ Brian get back.‎ A. before B. since C. till D. after ‎35. It is worth considering what makes “convenience” foods so popular, and ____ better ones of your own.‎ A. introduces B. to introduce C. introducing D. introduced ‎21. D 本题考查的情态动词的用法，特别是 could 和would 的意义区别。 Could, can 的过去式，主要表示“能够，可以，推测”等意义，而would 表示“将，愿意”，根据题干的意义（约翰向医生许诺将不吸烟，而且从那以后就没有再吸烟。），故选择D。 22. C 考查时态。题干中的答句问“谁写此书？”说明此书肯定是过去写的，所以用动词过去式。 23. D 考查连词用法。题干中答句意义是“我不需要回电话，因为我明天就会见到他”。 24. A 考查非谓语动词的用法。本句的主语是 I，I 与 See 的意义的逻辑关系是主动，也就是Seeing 才能表示主语与非谓语的“主动”的逻辑关系。 25. B 考查不定代词的用法。Neither 表示“两者都不”，句子的意义是“在父母都不懂英语的家庭里学习英语，对于他来讲是很困难的。” 26. B 考查形容词习惯用法。go hungry挨饿，不说go hungrily。 27. D 考查时态。前一个分句是过去时态，后一个分句说明的是“然而，已经住过很多条件不好的旅馆了。” ‎ ‎28. D 考查定语从句。Where 表示“在”，指“在我朋友家的地址”。 29. A 考查时态、语态。从句是现在完成时，主句应该用一般将来时。 30. C 考查宾语从句的关系词。What 表示“所创造的事物”。 31. A 考查非谓语动词。句子意义是“为了找到信息，我不得不阅读全书”。   32. C 考查非谓语动词。我是被欢迎的，所以用 to be welcomed。    33. B 考出介词by表示“通过”，for 表示“目的”，across 表示“横穿”，out 表示“在外面”。 34. A 考查连词。It is some time before 是一个句型，表示“在之前就有一段时间了”。     35. C 考查非谓语动词。introducing 和considering 是并列的，用在worth的后面，表示“值得做”。‎ 第二节 完形填空（共20小题：每小题1.5分，共30分）‎ ‎ 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ When I entered Berkeley, I hoped to earn a scholarship. Having been a Straight-A student, I believed I could __36__ tough subjects and really learn something. One such course was World ‎ Literature given by Professor Jayne. I was extremely interested in the ideas he ‎37 in class.‎ When I took the first exam, I was 38 to find a 77, C-plus, on my test paper, 39 English was my best subject. I went to Professor Jayne, who listened to my arguments but remained_ 40 .‎ I decided to try harder, although I didn’t know what that 41 because school had always been easy for me. I read the books more carefully, but got another 77. Again, I 42 with Professor Jayne. Again, he listened patiently but wouldn’t change his 43 .‎ One more test before the final exam. One more 44 to improve my grade. So I redoubled my efforts and, for the first time. 45 The meaning of the word “thorough”. But my 46__ did no good and everything 47 as before.‎ The last hurdle(障碍) was the final. No matter what 48 I got, it wouldn’t cancel three C-pluses. I might as well kiss the 49 goodbye.‎ I stopped working head. I felt I knew the course material as well as I ever would. The night before the final, I even 50 myself to a movie. The next day I decided for once I’d have 51__with a test.‎ A week later, I was surprised to find I got an A. I hurried into professor Jayne’s office. He 52__ to be expecting me. “If I gave you the As you 53 , you wouldn’t continue to work as hard.”‎ I stared at him. 54 That his analysis and strategy(策略) were correct. I had worked my head 55 , as I had never done before.‎ I was speechless when my course grade arrived: A-plus. It was the only A-plus given. The next year I received my scholarship. I’ve always remembered Professor Jayne’s lesson: you alone must set your own standard of excellence.‎ ‎36. A. take B. discuss C. cover D. get ‎37. A. sought B. presented C. exchanged D. obtained ‎38. A. shocked B. worried C. scared D. anxious ‎39. A. but B. so C. for D. or ‎40. A. unchanged B. unpleasant C. unfriendly D. unmoved ‎41. A. reflected B. meant C. improved D. affected ‎42. A. quarreled B. reasoned C. bargained D. chatted ‎43. A. attitude B. mind C. plan D. view ‎44. A. choice B. step C. chance D. measure ‎45. A. memorized B. considered C. accepted D. learned ‎46. A. ambition B. confidence C. effort D. method ‎47. A. stayed B. went C. worked D. changed ‎48. A. grade B. answer C. lesson D. comment ‎49. A. scholarship B. course C. degree D. subject ‎50. A. helped B. favored C. treated D. relaxed ‎51. A. fun B. luck C. problems D. tricks.‎ ‎52. A. happened B. proved C. pretended D. seemed ‎53. A. valued B. imagined C. expected D. welcomed ‎54. A. remembering B. guessing C. supposing D. realizing ‎55. A. out B. over C. on D. off ‎36. A  考查词语搭配。take subjects的意义是“上某一学科的课”。 37. B  考查词语搭配。presented 意义是“传授”，ideas 是he presented 的定语从句，意思是“他所传授的理论”。‎ ‎38. A考查上下文的意义的联系。文中说他的学习成绩总是得A，然而这次考试，他得的是C-plus，所以他感到震惊，所以选择shocked。‎ ‎39. C  考查上下文的意义的联系。for表示原因。英语本来是他最好的科目，然而他的成绩是C-plus。 40. D 考查上下文的意义的联系。他与教授辩论，但老师无动于衷。 41. B 考查上下文的意义的联系。我不知道这是怎么一回事儿。 42. B 考查上下文的意义的联系。我又与教授辩论，此处的意义与上文arguments的意义一致。 43. B 考查词的细微差别。mind指教授固有的思维方式。View 指对事物的意见。attitude 指对事物的态度。plan 意思是“计划”。 44. C 考查上下文的意义的联系。本段第一句话意思是“在期末考试前还有一次测验，所以他还有一次机会提高他的成绩。 45. D 考查上下文的意义的联系。他加倍努力学习，所以他第一次学习到了“thorough”这个词的意思。"thorough”意思是“完全的、深入的”。 46. C 考查上下文的意义的联系。上文提到他加倍努力，这里意思是“努力也没有用”。‎ ‎47. B 考查词的不同意义。一切的进展和以前一样，went 指“进展”。Stayed 指“停留”。‎ ‎48. A 考查上下文的意义的联系。到期末的时候，无论我获得什么高分数， 都不能去掉三个C-plus 的分数。 49. A 考查上下文的意义的联系。本文第一句话，就提到他希望得到奖学金，这里说的是他可能与奖学金擦肩而过。 50. C 考查上下文的意义的联系。他觉得此课程学得很好了，不用学了。在期末考试的前一天晚上，他看一部电影来款待自己。 51. A 考查上下文的意义的联系。他决定把第二天的考试当作一次娱乐活动。与上文意义逻辑一致。 52. D 考查上下文的意义的联系。一星期后，他惊讶地发现他获得了优秀成绩，立刻跑到教授的办公室。教授好像正盼望着他的到来。 53. C 考查上下文的意义的联系。教授说：“如果我以前给了你所期待的优秀成绩，你就不会像这样努力地学习了”。‎ ‎54. D 考查上下文的意义的联系。我盯着他，意识到他的分析和策略是正确的。‎ ‎55. D 考查不同词的意义差别。work my head off 指“全身心投入”。work out 意思是“做出，制定出”，work over 意思是“打击、伤害”，work on 意思是“继续工作”。‎ 第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每篇短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A Twenty years ago, I drove a taxi for a living. One night I went to pick up a passenger at 2:30 AM. When I arrived to collect, I found the building was dark except for a single light in a ground floor window.‎ I walked to the door and knocked, “Just a minute,” answered a weak, elderly voice. ‎ After a long pause, the door opened. A small woman in her eighties stood before me. By her side was a small suitcase.‎ I took the suitcase to the car, and then returned to help the woman. She took my arm and we walked slowly toward the car.‎ She kept thanking me for my kindness. “It’s nothing,” I told her. “I just try to treat my passengers the way I would want my mother treated.”‎ ‎“Oh, you’re such a good man.” She said. When we got into the taxi, she gave me an address, and then asked, “Could you drive through downtown?”‎ ‎“It’s not the shortest way,” I answered quickly.‎ ‎“Oh, I’m in no hurry,” she said. “I’m on my way to a hospice(临终医院). I don’t have any family left. The doctor says I don’t have very long.”‎ I quietly reached over and shut off the meter(计价器).‎ For the next two hours, we drove through the city. She showed me the building where she had once worked, the neighborhood where she had lived, and the furniture shop that had once been a ballroom where she had gone dancing as a girl.‎ Sometimes she’d ask me to slow down in front of a particular building and would sit staring into the darkness, saying nothing.‎ At dawn, she suddenly said,” I’m tired. Let’s go now.”‎ We drove in silence to the address she had given me.‎ ‎“How much do I owe you?” she asked.‎ ‎“Nothing.” I said.‎ ‎“You have to make a living,” she answered. “Oh, there are other passengers,” I answered.‎ Almost without thinking, I bent and gave her a hug. She held onto e tightly. Our hug ended with her remark, “You gave an old woman a little moment of joy.”‎ ‎56. The old woman chose to ride through the city in order to ______.‎ A. show she was familiar with the city B. see some places for the last time C. let the driver earn more money D. reach the destination on time ‎57. The taxi driver did not charge the old woman because he ______.‎ A. wanted to do her a favor B. shut off the meter by mistake C. had received her payment in advance D. was in a hurry to take other passengers ‎58. What can we learn from the story?‎ A. Giving is always a pleasure.‎ B. People should respect each other.‎ C. An act of kindness can bring people great joy.‎ D. People should learn to appreciate others’ concern.‎ ‎56. B 考查整体推断的能力。老人请求开车穿过市区(Could you drive through downtown?)，然后，她说她要去临终医院（I’m on my way to a hospital.）。在接下来的两个小时，她在车上最后观看了市区的景象，回忆了她年轻时的情景。最后她到达了临终医院。 57. A 考查简单推断的能力。出租车司机听老人说家里没有亲人了，就关掉了计价器。 58. C 考查推断理解能力。出租车司机没有收老人任何费用，很善良，使得老人感到很欣慰。同时老人也善良，主动要付给出租车司机费用，也使得出租车司机很感动。 ‎ B Domestic (驯养的) horses now pull ploughs, race in the Kentucky Derby, and carry police. But early horses weren’t tame (驯服的) enough to perform these kinds of tasks. Scientists think the first interactions humans had with horses were far different from those today.‎ Thousands of years ago, people killed the wild horses that lived around them for food. Over time, people began to catch the animals and raise them. This was the first step in domestication.‎ As people began to tame and ride horses, they chose to keep those animals that had more desirable characteristics. For example, people may have chosen to keep horses that had a gentle personality so they could be ridden more easily. People who used horses to pull heavy loads would have chosen to keep stronger animals. Characteristics like strength are partly controlled by the animals’ genes. So as the domesticated horses reproduced, they passed the characteristics on to their young. Each new generation of houses would show more of these chosen characteristics.‎ Modern day horse breeds come in a wide variety of shapes and sizes. This variety didn’t exist in the horse population before domestication. The Shetland horse is one of the smallest breeds—typically reaching only one meter tall. With short, strong legs, the animals were bred to pull coal out of mine shafts (矿井) with low ceilings. Huge horses like the Clydesdale came on the scene around 1700. People bred these heavy, tall horses to pull large vehicles used for carrying heavy loads.‎ The domestication of horses has had great effects on societies. For example, horse were important tools in the advancement of modern agriculture. Using them to pull ploughs and carry heavy loads allowed people to farm more efficiently. Before they were able to ride horses, humans had to cross land on foot. Riding horses allowed people to travel far greater distance in much less time. That encouraged populations living in different areas to interact with one another. The new from of rapid transportation helped cultures spread around the world.‎ ‎59. Before domestication horses were ______.‎ A. caught for sports ‎ B. hunted for food C. made to pull ploughs D. used to carry people ‎60. The author uses the Shetland horse as an example to show ______.‎ A. it is smaller than the Clydesdale horse B. horse used to have gentle personalities C. some horses have better shaped than others ‎ D. horses were of less variety before domestication ‎61. Horses contributed to the spread of culture by ______.‎ A. carrying heavy loads B. changing farming methods C. serving as a means of transport D. advancing agriculture in different areas ‎62. The passage is mainly about _______.‎ A. why humans domesticated horses B. how humans and horses needed each other C. why horses came in different shapes and sizes D. how human societies and horses influenced each other ‎59. B 从第二段第一句可以看出，几千年以前，人们捕杀野马作为食物。 60. D 考查对说明方法的理解能力。第四段第二句说明，在人们开始驯养马之前，马的种类并不多。本段第三句就以The Shetland horse 这种马为例来解释本段第二句的观点。‎ ‎61. C 考查细节理解的能力。从文中最后一句可以看出，使用马作为新型、快捷的交通工具，有助于世界文化的传播。‎ ‎62. D 考查细节理解的能力。前四段说明，人类驯养了野马，使得马的种类繁多，这是人类社会对马的影响；最后一段说明，马作为交通工具加速了人类文化传播的进程。 ‎ C Dear Hamilton,‎ ‎ We are fortunate that in such a large, high-pressure office we all get along so well. You are one of the people who keep the social temperature at such a comfortable setting. I don’t know anyone in the office who is better liked than you.‎ ‎ You can perhaps help with this. The collection of contributions towards gifts for employees’ personal-life events is becoming a little troubling. Certainly, the group sending of a gift is reasonable now and then. In the past month, however, there have been collections for two baby shower gifts, one wedding shower gift, two wedding gifts, one funeral（葬礼）remembrance, four birthday gifts, and three graduation gifts.‎ ‎ It’s not only the collected-from who are growing uncomfortable (and poor), but the collected-for feel uneasy receiving gifts from people who don’t know them outside the office, who wouldn’t even recognize their graduating children, their marrying daughters and sons, or their dead relatives.‎ ‎ This is basically a kind gesture (and one that people think well of you for), but the practice seems to have become too wide-ranging and feels improper in today’s office setting.‎ ‎ Thank you for understanding.‎ ‎63. The underlined word “contributions” probably means ________.‎ A. money B. suggestions C. reports D. understanding ‎64. Hamilton is expected to _______.‎ A. show more kindness.‎ B. discontinue the present practice C. quit being the organizer for gift giving D. know more about co-workers’ families ‎65. This is basically a letter of ________.‎ A. apology B. sympathy C. appreciation D. dissatisfaction ‎63. A 第二段说明，收取各种礼物的费用，所以contributions指money。 64. B 考查理解深层含义的能力。这封信对Hamilton说明了一些收取礼物费用的好处和带来的一些麻烦，请求他能够理解，所以推断他可能不进行这种习俗了。 65. D 考查理解深层含义的能力。这封信对Hamilton说明了一些收取礼物费用的好处和带来的一些麻烦，请求他能够理解，所以推断他可能不进行这种习俗了。文中最后还说明，这是一慈善的举动，想说服Hamilton 继续维持这种交钱买礼物的习俗。从写信人的语气中可以看出，这是一封表示不满情绪的信。 ‎ D ‎ When it comes to friends, I desire those who will share my happiness, who possess wings of their own and who will fly with me. I seek friends whose qualities illuminate（照亮）me and train me up for love. It is for these people that I reserve the glowing hours, too good not to share.‎ ‎ When I was in the eighth grade, I had a friend. We were shy and “too serious” about our studies when it was becoming fashionable with our classmates to learn acceptable social behaviors. We said little at school, but she would come to my house and we would sit down with pencils and paper, and one of us would say:“Let’s start with a train whistle today.” We would sit quietly together and write separate poems or stories that grew out of a train whistle. Then we would read them aloud. At the end of that school year, we, too, were changing into social creatures and the stories and poems stopped.‎ ‎ When I lived for a time in London, I had a friend, He was in despair(失望)and I was in despair. But our friendship was based on the idea in each of us that we would be sorry later if we did not explore this great city because we had felt bad at the time. We met every Sunday for five weeks and found many excellent things. We walked until our despairs disappeared and then we parted. We gave London to each other.‎ ‎ For almost four years I have had remarkable friend whose imagination illuminates mine. We write long letters in which we often discover our strangest selves. Each of us appears, sometimes in a funny way, in the other’s dreams. She and I agree that, at certain times, we seem to be parts of the same mind. In my most interesting moments, I often think:“Yes, I must tell….”We have never met.‎ ‎ It is such comforting companions I wish to keep. One bright hour with their kind is worth more to me than the lifetime services of a psychologist（心理学家），who will only fill up the healing（愈合的）silence necessary to those darkest moments in which I would rather be my own best friend.‎ ‎66. In the eighth grade, what the author did before developing proper social behavior was to ______.‎ A. become serious about her study B. go to her friend’s house regularly C. learn from her classmates at school D. share poems and stories with her friend ‎67. In Paragraph 3, “We gave London to each other” probably means ______.‎ A. our exploration of London was a memorable gift to both of us B. we were unwilling to tear ourselves away from London C. our unpleasant feeling about London disappeared D. we parted with each other in London ‎68. According to Paragraph 4, the author and her friend _______.‎ A. call each other regularly B. have similar personalities C. enjoy writing to each other D. dream of meeting each other ‎69. In the darkest moments, the author would prefer to ______.‎ A. seek professional help B. be left alone C. stay with her best friend ‎ D. break the silence ‎70. What is the best title for the passage?‎ A. Unforgettable Experiences B. Remarkable Imagination C. Lifelong Friendship D. Noble Companions ‎66. D 考查细节推断的能力。从第二段倒数的三行文字可以看出，他们同学在一起写诗和文章，然后诵读。在学期结束时，他们才形成适当的社交行为。与此同时，他们也停止了写诗和文章的活动了。‎ ‎67. A 考查推断和理解引申意义的能力。从第三段第二句可以看出，他们持有同样的看法。如果他们不走遍(explore)整个伦敦城，他们就不会高兴。从本段的最后一句看出，他们不停地在这座城市里散步，直到他们的失望感消失，才各自离开。 68. C 考查细节推断的能力。从第四段可以看出，他们经常相互写信，从来没有见过面。 69. B 考查细节推断的能力。从最后一段可看出，在作者情绪最低落的时候，作者自己是最好的朋友。(those darkest moments in which I would rather be my own best friend.) 70. D 考查概括的能力。整篇文章表达的是作者在不同时期的朋友伴随自己成长变化的过程。说明了朋友对自己的影响和崇高的友谊。 ‎ E The Diet Zone: A Dangerous Place ‎ Diet Coke, diet Pepsi, diet pills, no-fat diet, vegetable diet… We are surrounded by the word “diet” everywhere we look and listen. We have so easily been attracted by the promise and potential of diet products that we have stopped thinking about what diet products are doing to us. We are paying for products that harm us psychologically and physically（身体上）.‎ ‎ Diet products significantly weaken us psychologically. On one level, we are not allowing our brain to admit that our weight problems lie not in actually losing the weight, but in controlling the consumption of fatty, high-calorie, unhealthy foods. Diet products allow us to jump over the thinking stage and go straight for the scale（秤）instead. All we have to do is to swallow or recognize the word “diet” in food labels.‎ ‎ On another level, diet products have greater psychological effects. Every time we have a zero-calorie drink, we are telling ourselves without our awareness that we don’t have to work to get results. Diet products make people believe that gain comes without pain, and that life can be without resistance and struggle.‎ ‎ The danger of diet products lies not only in the psychological effects they have on us, but also ‎ in the physical harm that they cause. Diet foods can indirectly harm our bodies because consuming them instead of healthy foods means we are preventing our bodies from having basic nutrients(营养成分). Diet foods and diet pills contain zero calorie only because the diet industry has created chemicals to produce these wonder products. Diet products may not be nutritional, and the chemical that go into diet products are potentially dangerous.‎ ‎ Now that we are aware of the effects that diet products have on us, it is time to seriously think about buying them. Losing weight lies in the power of minds, not in the power of chemicals. Once we realize this, we will be much better able to resist diet products, and therefore prevent the psychological harm that comes from using them.‎ ‎71. From Paragraph 1, we learn that ________.‎ A. diet products fail to bring out people’s potential B. people have difficulty in choosing diet products C. diet products are misleading people D. people are fed up with diet products ‎72. One psychological effect of diet products is that people tend to _____.‎ A. try out a variety of diet foods B. hesitate before they enjoy diet foods C. pay attention to their own eating habits D. watch their weight rather than their diet ‎73. In Paragraph 3, “gain comes without pain” probably means ______.‎ A. losing weight is effortless B. it costs a lot to lose weight C. diet products bring no pain D. diet products are free from calories ‎74. Diet products indirectly harm people physically because such products ______.‎ A. are over-consumed B. lack basic nutrients C. are short of chemicals D. provide too much energy ‎75. Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?‎ ‎71. C 考查推断能力。从第一段可看出，人们很容易受到节食产品的吸引，就不去思考节食产品对人们身心健康的影响，于是花钱买那些产品。这些产品误导了人们。 72. D 考查推断能力。从第二段可看出，人们非常重视他们的体重，不加任何思考地去购买节食产品，只看是否有节食标签。这说明他们急于去尝试那些产品。‎ ‎73. A 考查细节理解的能力。从第三段可看出，每次我们喝下标明不含热量的饮料，就给我们一个暗示，我们不会增加体重，减肥是很容易的事(we don’t have to work to get results.)。另外，本段的最后半句(and that life can be without resistance and struggle.)也说明了划线部分的意义。 74. B 考查细节理解的能力。从第四段第二句可看出，吃所谓的健康食品，就是阻止人体吸收基本的营养成分。另外，从本段最后一句也可以看出，节食产品没有营养(Diet products may not be nutritional, and the chemical that go into diet products are potentially dangerous.) 75. B 考查学生对文章结构的分析能力。文章从两个要点来说明中心观点，这两个要点是1）节食产品对人们心理的伤害。2）节食产品对人们身体的伤害。为了说明第一个要点，文章中用了两个自然段，即第二自然段和第三自然段（分析理解是正确回答此题的关键）。所以，答案B是正确的。‎ 第II卷 （共35分）‎ 第四部分：书面表达 （共两节，35分）‎ 第一节 情景作文 （20分）‎ ‎ 假设你是红星中学高三一班的学生李华，为校刊英语园地写一篇题为“Our Spring Outing” 的英文稿件。 请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，叙述上周你们班从准备春游到春游结束的完整过程。‎ ‎ 注意： 词数不少于60.‎ ‎ 提示词： 游乐园 amusement park ‎ 垃圾箱 bin ‎ ‎(请务必将情景作文写在答题卡II第一页指定区域内)‎ 第二节 开放作文 （15分）‎ ‎ 请根据下面提示，写一篇短文。词数不少于50。‎ ‎ In an English speech competition, you are asked to describe the following picture and explain to the judges how you understand it.‎ ‎(请务必将情景作文写在答题卡II第二页指定区域内)‎ 第四部分：书面表达 第一节 情景作文     考查学生综合运用语言的能力。本题相对比较容易，因为题目中提供了比较具体的情景，而且是学生常见的语言情景。但要注意表达要点要全面，写本文的要点基本包括以下要点：‎ ‎1. 讨论 2. 爬山 3. 捡拾别人（或收拾自己）的垃圾 4. 投放垃圾 ‎    还要注意表达内容要点时要使用丰富多样的表达方式。包括词汇多样、句法多样，段落结构多样。也要注意描述事实和议论的结合，不能只描述事实而忽视议论。以上是本题获得高分数的关键。请参考下列范文：     Last Thursday, we had a class meeting to discuss where to go for our spring outing. We came up with several choices such as going boating, climbing a mountain, and going to an amusement park. Finally, we decided to go mountain climbing.     The next day, we set off early in the morning. While climbing the mountain, we enjoyed the warm sunshine and a beautiful view. However, when reached the top, we were shocked to see litter here and there, such as bottles and banana peels. Then we started to pick up the litter. Afterwards, we put the rubbish into the nearby recycling bin and non-recycling bin respectively.‎ ‎    We were tired but happy.‎ 第二节 开放作文 ‎    本题考查学生更加强大综合语言运用能力。题目中只提供了非常简短的提示，给学生留出了很大的发挥空间，这就要求学生的综合素质要强。答好这样的题目要注意以下的关键点： 1）学生要具有很高的英语语言能力。不仅要能够表达和描述事实，还要能够表达抽象的哲理。 2）学生的思维要有一定的深度。能够从平凡的事情中归纳出深刻的道理，并用语言表达出来。 3）学生的思维要有一定的广度。能够从简单的图画中想到很多方面的内容。 4）学生思考的内容要具备很强的合理性，要符合一般的逻辑。 5）学生思考的内容应该是健康向上的内容，对读者具有激励的作用。‎ 请参考以下范文：‎ ‎    From the picture I can see a pair of proud compasses and a hard-working pencil. The compasses are big, drawing a circle with ease, while the pencil is small, drawing a line with great effort. I think the compasses are reasonable to be proud because no one else can do the job better. At the same time, however, he should realize the pencil has his own advantages. The pencil can do other shapes better than the compasses, even pictures. So in my opinion, while we are confident in ourselves, we should recognize strengths in others and show due respect for them.‎