高考英语阅读理解练习8含解析 8页

‎2014高考英语阅读理解练习（8）及答案（解析）‎ ‎ C8[2012·全国卷Ⅱ] ‎ You may think that sailing is a difficult sport, but it is really not hard to learn it. You do not need to be strong. But you need to be quick. And you need to understand a few basic rules about the wind.‎ First, you must ask yourself，“Where is the wind coming from? Is it coming from ahead or behind or from the side？” You must think about this all the time on the boat. The wind direction tells you what to do with the sail.‎ Let's start with the wind blowing from behind. This means the wind and the boat are going in the same direction. Then you must always keep the sail outside the boat. It should be at a 90°angle(角度)to the boat. Then it will catch the wind best.‎ If the wind is blowing from the side, it is blowing across the boat. In this case, you must keep the sail half way outside the boat. It should be at a 45°angle to the boat. It needs to be out far enough to catch the wind, but it shouldn't flap(摆动)．It shouldn't look like a flag on a flagpole. If it is flapping, it is probably out too far, and the boat will slow down.‎ Sailing into the wind is not possible. If you try, the sail will flap and the boat will stop. You may want to go in that direction. It is possible, but you can't go in a straight line. You must go first in one direction and then in another. This is called tacking. When you are tacking, you must always keep the sail inside the boat.‎ ‎45. What should you consider first while sailing?‎ A．Sailors' strength. B．Wave levels.‎ C．Wind directions. D．Size of sails.‎ ‎46．What does the word “It” underlined in Paragraph 4 refer to?‎ A．The boat. B．The wind.‎ C．The sail. D．The angle.‎ ‎47．What do you have to do when sailing against the wind?‎ A．Move in a straight line.‎ B．Allow the sail to flap.‎ C．Lower the sail.‎ D．Tack the boat.‎ ‎48．Where can you probably find the text?‎ A．In a popular magazine.‎ B．In a tourist guidebook.‎ C．In a physics textbook.‎ D．In an official report.‎ ‎【要点综述】本文主要介绍了航行中关于风向的问题。首先要考虑风向，然后再根据风是从船的后面，侧面还是前面来确定航行的方法。‎ ‎45. C　细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句话“And you need to understand a few basic rules about the wind.”和第二段的内容，可知首先要考虑风向的问题。A项是不需要考虑的，B项和D项没有提及。‎ ‎46. C　代词指代题。结合第四段中“In this case, you must keep the sail half way outside the boat.”中的the sail可知后面的it指的是“风帆”。而不是“船”，“风”或“角度”。‎ ‎47. D　细节理解题。从最后一段的“You may want to go in that direction.…This is called tacking.”可知是逆风航行的时候要不断地改变方向，因此选D。‎ ‎48. A　推理判断题。本文主要涉及的是大众的航行运动的知识，而不是有关旅游和物理方面的知识，也不是一个官方的报告，因此选A。‎ C4 [2013·北京卷] A EP Portable Heater We all know that the cost of heating our homes will continue to be a significant burden on the family budget. Now millions of people are saving on their heating bills with the EP portable heater. With over one million satisfied customers around the ‎ world, the new EP heats better and faster, saves more on heating bills, and runs almost silent.‎ The EP has no exposed heating parts that can cause a fire. The outside of the EP only gets warm to the touch so that it will not burn children or pets.‎ The EP will not reduce oxygen in the room. With other heaters, you'll notice that you get sleepy when the heat comes on because they are burning up oxygen.‎ The advanced EP also heats the room evenly,_wall to wall and floor to ceiling. It comfortably covers an area up to 350 square feet. Other heaters heat rooms unevenly with most of the heat concentrated to the center of the room. And they only heat an area a few feet around the heater. With the EP, the temperature will not vary in any part of the room.‎ The EP comes with a 3－year warranty(保修) and a 60－day, no questions asked, satisfaction guarantee. If you are not totally satisfied, return it at our expense and your money will be given back to you.‎ Now we have a special offer for 10 days, during which you can enjoy a half price discount and a free delivery. If you order after that, we reserve the right to either accept or reject order requests at the discounted price.‎ Take action right now!‎ ‎56．What is mainly discussed in Paragraph 2?‎ A. The heat of the EP. ‎ B. The safety of the EP.‎ C. The appearance of the EP. ‎ D. The material of the EP.‎ ‎57．From the passage, we can learn that the EP ________．‎ A. doesn't burn up oxygen ‎ B. runs without any noise C. makes people get sleepy ‎ D. is unsuitable for children and pets ‎58．The underlined word “evenly” in Paragraph 4 probably means ________. ‎ A. continuously B. separately C. quickly D. equally ‎59．The main purpose of the passage is to ________. ‎ A. persuade people to buy the product B. advise people to save on heating bills C. report the new development of portable heaters D. compare the functions of different heater brands ‎【要点综述】 这是一篇广告，主要宣传的是一种新型的取暖器。这种取暖器能降低耗电量，为业主省钱；安全，不伤害儿童及宠物；不消耗房间氧气；供暖均匀，遍及房间任何地方；三年保修，60天包换；十天内半价，免费送货。‎ ‎56．B 　段落大意题。根据第二段内容可知，主要讲取暖器的安全问题。所以选B。‎ ‎57．A 　细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容可知，这种取暖器不耗费氧气。所以选A。选项B没有提到；选项C、D的说法是错误的。‎ ‎58．D 　词义猜测题。根据第四段evenly之后的解释“wall to wall and floor to ceiling”可知，墙与墙之间，地板到屋顶是全部的空间，因此加热是均匀的。continuously连续不断地；separately单独地，个别地；quickly迅速地；equally平均地，均等地。‎ ‎59．A 　作者意图题。根据文章前面介绍的内容和最后的“Take action right now！”可知，本文是产品销售的广告，目的是吸引人们购买。‎ C4 [2013·大纲全国卷] D ‎ Low－Cost Gifts for Mother's Day Gift No. 1‎ ‎ Offer to be your mother's health friend. Promise to be there for any and all doctor's visits whether a disease or a regular medical check－up. Most mothers always say “no need，” but another set of eyes and ears is always a good idea at a doctor's visit. The best part? This one is free.‎ Gift No. 2‎ Help your mother organize all of her medical records, which include the test results and medical information. Put them all in one place. Be sure to make a list ‎ of all of her medicines and what times she takes them. “Having all this information in one place could end up saving your mother's life，” Dr Marie Savard said.‎ Gift No. 3‎ Enough sleep is connected to general health conditions. “Buy your mother cotton sheets and comfortable pillows to encourage better sleep，” Savard said. “We know that good sleep is very important to our health.”‎ Gift No. 4‎ Some gift companies such as Presents for Purpose allow you to pay it forward this Mother's Day by picking gifts in which 10 percent of the price you pay goes to a charity (慈善机构). Gift givers can choose from a wide variety of useful but inexpensive things—many of which are “green”—and then choose a meaningful charity from a list. When your mother gets the gift, she will be told that she has helped the chosen charity.‎ ‎68. What are you advised to do for your mother at doctor's visits?‎ A. Take notes.‎ B. Be with her.‎ C. Buy medicine.‎ D. Give her gifts.‎ ‎69．What can be a gift of organization for your mother?‎ A．Keeping her medical information together.‎ B．Buying all gifts for her from one company.‎ C．Making a list of her medical check－ups.‎ D．Storing her medicines in a safe place.‎ ‎70．Where can you find a gift idea to improve your mother's sleep?‎ A. In Gift No. 1. B. In Gift No. 2.‎ C. In Gift No. 3. D. In Gift No. 4.‎ ‎71．Buying gifts from Presents for Purpose allows mothers to________．‎ A. enjoy good sleep B. be well－organized C. get extra support D. give others help ‎【要点综述】 本文是一篇应用文，题材是广告。作者介绍了4则母亲节期间为母亲提供礼物的广告。‎ ‎68．B　细节理解题。根据第一则广告中的“Promise to be there for any and all doctor's visits whether a disease or a regular medical check－up.”(不管是疾病检查还是定期的医疗检查，你都一定要陪母亲看医生。)可知B正确。关键词定位：文章中的Promise to be there和be with her意思相同。‎ ‎69．A　细节理解题。根据文章第二则广告中的“Help your mother organize all of her medical records, which include the test results and medical information.”可知选A。‎ ‎70．C　细节理解题。根据题干关键词“improve your mother's sleep”定位第三则广告中的“Buy your mother cotton sheets and comfortable pillows to encourage better sleep”(给母亲买棉床单和舒适的枕头，让母亲睡眠更好)。由此可知C正确。‎ ‎71．D　推理判断题。文章最后一段提到“Present for Purpose”，联系该段中的“…she will be told that she has helped the chosen charity.”可知，这个礼物可以让母亲给别人提供帮助。‎ C8[2012·辽宁卷] B Astronauts on shorter shuttle missions(使命)often work very long days. Tasks are scheduled so tightly that break times are often used to finish the day's work. This type of schedule is far too demanding for long missions on the International Space Station(ISS)．ISS crewmembers usually live in space for at least a quarter of a year. They work five days on and two days off to mimic the normal way they do things on Earth as much as possible. Weekends give the crew valuable time to rest and do a few hours of housework. They can communicate with family and friends by email, Internet phone and through private video conferences.‎ While astronauts cannot go to a baseball game or a movie in orbit, there are many familiar activities that they can still enjoy. Before a mission, the family and friends of each ISS crewmember put together a collection of family photos, messages, videos and reading material for the astronauts to look at when they will be floating 370 kilometers above the Earth. During their mission, the crew also receives care packages with CDs, books, magazines, photos and letters. And as from early 2010, the Internet became available on the ISS, giving astronauts the chance to do some “web ‎ surfing(冲浪)” in their personal time. Besides relaxing with these more common entertainments, astronauts can simply enjoy the experience of living in space.‎ Many astronauts say that one of the most relaxing things to do in space is to look out the window and stare at the universe and the Earth. Both the shuttle and the ISS circle the planet several times each day, and every moment offers a new view of the Earth's vast land mass and oceans.‎ ‎60．What does the word “mimic” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?‎ A．Find. B．Copy. C．Change. 　D．Lose.‎ ‎61．Which of the following best describes the families of the astronauts on the ISS?‎ A．They are caring and thoughtful.‎ B．They are worried and upset.‎ C．They are impatient and annoyed.‎ D．They are excited and curious.‎ ‎62．In the final paragraph, the author shows that astronauts ________.‎ A．get more pleasure in space than on the Earth B．find living in space a bit boring and tiring C．regard space life as common D．love to see the Earth from space ‎63．The passage mainly discusses how astronauts ________.‎ A．work for longer missions in space B．connect with people on the Earth C．observe the Earth from space D．spend their free time in space ‎【要点综述】本文是记叙文。宇航员的生活往往是与众不同的，但是在国际空间站的工作人员的生活可以跟在地球上的生活很相似。他们可以与家人或者朋友联系，也可以做一些日常的活动。‎ ‎60. B　词义猜测题。联系They work five days on and two days off我们知道，他们的生活与地球上是一样的，因此答案为B。‎ ‎61. A　推理判断题。从第二段我们知道，在飞行前，这些航天员的家人以及朋友为他们准备了照片、书籍等供他们消遣的东西，因此他们是很体贴和想法周全的。D有一定干扰性，文章没有讲述家人或者朋友对于这些宇航员工作的兴奋与好奇，因此可以排除。‎ ‎62. D　推理判断题。从最后一段我们知道，这些宇航员喜欢从窗口看外面的世界，并且地球在不同时间提供了不同的画面。‎ ‎63. D　主旨大意题。全文讲述了国际空间站的宇航员是如何度过工作之余的闲暇时间的。B、C有一定的干扰性。文章提到过宇航员与地面上的家人和朋友的联系，也提到了他们透过窗子看地球上的景观，但是这些都是细节，而不是主题。‎