精品高考英语词汇练习及详解7 7页

‎2010高考英语词汇练习及详解（7）‎ ‎301. The writer was always looking for suitable _____ to use in his next story.    A. contents    B. articles    C. notions    D. ideas ‎ ‎[答案] D. ideas.      [注释] idea(= thought； picture in mind)念头，思想，想法。 ‎ ‎302. He gave me some very _____ advice on buying a house.    A. precious    B. worthy    C. precise    D. valuable ‎ ‎[答案] D. valuable.      [注释] valuable 宝贵的，有价值的，常可修饰advice， suggestion， assistance， discovery等名词。 precious“贵重的”如: precious metals(贵金 属)，precious stone(宝石)。‎ ‎303. You will get to the church more quickly if you take this _____ across the fields.    A. track    B. passage    C. method    D. journey ‎ ‎[答案] A. track.      [注释] track(=path made by frequent use)意指“(常走而踏成的)小径”，如:a track across the moor(越过荒野的小径)。passage“通路”，如:force a passage through a crowd(在人群中挤出的一条通路). 可见此处选passage不妥.‎ ‎304. A landing on Mars is within the _____ of current physical theory.    A. scheme    B. scope    C. scrap    D. scale ‎ ‎[答案] B . scope.      [注释] scope 范围，活动范围，理解犯围: 1 Many words are outside the scope of this dictionary. (许多单词是超出了这本词典的范围.) 2 Very hard words are not within the scope of a child's understanding。(非常难懂的 词是超出了一个孩子的理解范围.) 3 Economics is beyond the scope of a child's mind.(经济学是孩子理解不了的.)‎ ‎305. He was _____ by a bee when he was collecting the honey.    A. scratched    B. pricked    C. stung    D. bitten ‎ ‎[答案] C. stung.      [注释] sting 刺，蛰，叮。在英语中蜜蜂蛰用 sting ；而蚊子“叮”用 bite， 如: A mosquito just bit me.(狗、蛇，咬)，钧用 bite ，scratch 搔，prick vt. 扎(穿)，刺(穿).‎ ‎306. Don't go too far into the sea, children, or the waves will _____ you off your feet.    A. flow    B. cut    C. press    D. sweep ‎ ‎[答案] D. sweep.      [注释] sweep sb，off sb's feet 由两层意思，直义为“(浪等)把某人冲倒”， 转义是“使产生强烈的好感，使完全信服”，如: His speech swept them off their feet。(他的演说使他们五体投地.)‎ ‎307. The store had no more red shoes _____, so Mary chose brown ones instead.    A. in demand    B. in store    C. in need    D. in stock ‎ ‎[答案] D. in stock.      [注释] in stock(=having sth. ready to sell or use；in present supply) 有 现货供应: The shop has suger in stock.(这个商店有白糖供应.) in demand(=needed；wanted；) 有需求: The book about dogs was much in demand in the library.(=Many people wanted to read the book about dogs that in the library.) in need(=in poverty，in trouble)在贫困中，在困难中: A friend in need is a friend indeed。(A friend who helps when one is in trouble is areal friend.) in store(=saved up in case of need； ready for use for some purpose) 储备待用:于If the electricity goes off，we have candles in the closet.(=We have candles put away if we need them for light.)(如果电灯灭了，我们壁橱里还备有蜡烛.)      [注意] in stock 强调商店备有现货以供出售，而 in store 则指储备物品以供急 需使用。此外 in store 还可以表示“等待着，必将发生”。例如: I have a surprise in store for you.(我有一个你料想不到的消息要告诉你。) ‎ 本题译文: 这家商店没有红鞋供应，所以玛丽买了一双宗色的鞋.‎ ‎308. Bill is not a fast runner and he doesn't have a chance of winning the marathon, but he will _____ the race even if he finishes last.    A. keep on    B. keep to    C. stick out    D. stick to ‎ ‎[答案] C. stick out.      [注释] stick out(=keep on doing sth。until it is done，no matter how long，hard，or unpleasant) 坚持下去: Mathematics is hard，but if you stick it out you will understanding it(=Mathematics is hard，but if you keep on working hard at it you will learn it.) 此外，stick on 还可表示 (stand out) 突出: The skyscraper sticks out against the bkue sky.(这幢摩 天大楼映着蓝图显得格外突出.)      [注意] stick out与keep to 均有“坚持”的含义。stick out 特指“坚持下功夫 干一件事，不完成决不收兵”；而keep to 则强调“坚持、遵守、坚守”诺言、 规则、原则、精神、岗位。可见，keep to 的英文释义为 ability by；adhere to，stick closely to。例如: keep to one's promise(遵守诺言)；keep to the rules of a game(遵守比赛规则)；keep to a principle(坚持原则)；keep one's pos(坚守岗位)。因此，我们可以说keep to相当于 stick to，而区别于 stick out.‎ ‎309. Can you _____ me _____ two hundred copies of this article by tomorrow.    A. give .. out     B. send .. in    C. write .. off    D. run .. off ‎ ‎[答案] D. run…off.      [注释] run off(=produce with a printing press or duplicating machine)印刷，复印：The print shop ran off a thousand copies of the newspaper.(=The print shop printed 1000 copies of the newspaper.) write off报废，勾销。参阅Ⅲ.200.注释。give out分发，发出。send in 呈报，递交，送上: 1 Have you sent in your application?(你是否已递交了你的申请书?) 2 He sent in two oil paintings for the exhibition.(他送上两幅油画参展.)‎ ‎310. The current political _____ of our country is favorable for foreign investments.    A. climate    B. weather    C. state    D. occasion ‎ ‎[答案] A. climate.      [注释] climate 指某一地区的长期气侯，而weather则指某一天的“天气”。本题中 的climate(=the general temper or opinion of a group of the people or period of history) 指“某一团体历史时期的总的状况和民意”。例如: climate of the political unrest 不稳定的政治状况. state(=condition) 状态；be in a state of 处于某种状态. 例如: 1 The room was in a very dirty state. 2 She is in a state of confusion.(她处于慌乱状态.) 由上可见，climate 最合题意. 本题译文: 我国目前的政治气候有利于外国的投资.‎ ‎311. It was with great delight that I read in your February _____ the letter to the Editor written by Prof. Johnson.    A. issue    B. printing    C. magazine    D. copy ‎ ‎[答案] A. issue.      [注释] 根据题意，此处是指某杂志二月份的那一期，故应选 issue。printing 印刷； 印刷术。至于 copy 与 issue 的区别，copy 指书刊的“本，册”；而 issue 是指报刊或杂志的“期”. 本题译文: 非常高兴地拜读了贵刊二月的一期中所登载的约翰逊教授致编辑的信.‎ ‎312. What I'm telling you is strictly _____. Do not let anyone know of it.    A. secretive    B. special    C. individual    D. confidential ‎ ‎[答案] D. confidential.      [注释] confidential(=spoken or written in secret) 机密的，应保密的:The information is confidential. special 专门的，专用的: a special car(专车). individual 个别的，单个的。secretive(=fond of keeping secrets) 爱保密的，守口如瓶的. 本题译文: 我现在告诉你的事是保密的，千万别让人知道.‎ ‎313. The author had qualified as a doctor but later gave up the _____ of medicine for full-time ‎ writing.    A. prescription    B. procedure    C. treatment    D. practice ‎ ‎[答案] D. practice.      [注释] practice(医生或律师的)业务，生意: 1 The lawer has a very good practice. 2 We call a doctor's work and the number of patients he look after his practice.(我们把医生的工作和医治病人的数目称为开业状况.) prescription 药方；procedure 程序，手续；treatment 治疗，待遇. 本题译文: 这位作者当过医生，但后来放弃开业，专搞写作.‎ ‎314. Julie is one of those women who always _____ the latest fashions.    A. put up with    B. come up with    C. get on with    D. keep up with ‎ ‎[答案] D. keep up with.      [注释] keep up with 跟上，与……并驾齐驱；及时了解。put up with 忍受；get on with 有进展；生活得……；come up with 提出. 本题译文: 朱莉是那些总赶时髦的女子之一.‎ ‎315. Having made his first film earlier this year, he is _____ starting in a new one.    A. currently    B. actually    C. recently    D. lately ‎ ‎[答案] A. currently.      [注释] currently 目前；actually 实际上；recently 近来；lately(=recently) 近来. start in(on) 开始(做某事)，常用于口语中，如: 1 Fred started in wedding the garden. (弗雷得开始在花园里除草.) 2 If we start in at once，we shall get the job finished early. (如果我们马上开始，我们可以早点完成这项工作.) 316. My house is very _____ for getting to work as it is only a few minutes from the station.    A. comfortable    B. suitable    C. convenient    D. available ‎ ‎[答案] C. convenient. [注释]convenient 方便的。suitable也可接for，但其词义和本题不符，故不能选.‎ ‎317. When college students _____ future employment, they often think of status, income, and prestige.    A. demand    B. assume    C. apply    D. anticipate ‎ ‎[答案] D. anticipate.      [注释] anticipate 预料，期望，预望：The first question is one the John has anticipated. (第 一个问题是约翰已经预料到的.)‎ ‎318. Alice _____ her father that both she and her husband would be happy if he would live with them.    A. convinced    B. reinforced    C. pledged    D. required ‎ ‎[答案] A. convince      [注释] convince sb. +that从句意为“使……相信，说服……”。reinforce 加强，增强。 pledge发誓，保证.‎ ‎319. Neither of them thought highly of him and they both tried to _____ him in his work.    A. hamper    B. support    C. depress    D. prevent ‎ ‎[答案] A. hamper.      [注释] hamper(=hinder)阻碍。prevent 防止，后接from.‎ ‎320. She chose cushions of a color which would _____ her carpet.    A. equal    B. agree    C. help    D. match ‎ ‎[答案] D. match.      [注释] match vt. 匹配；相配: 1 You can't match him in his knowledge of wild plants.(在野生植物知识方面，你无阀于他相比.) 2 Her hat does match her dress.(她的帽子与她的衣服不配.) match vi. 相配: These gloves don't match.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎321. We finally managed to _____ the committee's approval of our plans.    A. secure    B. arouse    C. acquire    D. exert ‎[答案] A. secure.      [注释] secure 与 acquire 钧有“得到”的含义，但 secure vt. 此处的意思是(=succeed in getting sth. for which there is a great demand)“获得(所需之物)”.acquire“获得，求得”，尤其指由于自己的努力，能力，技术而使原有的东西变得更多，并表示一经求得，即成永久的所有物: The boy has acquire a fire knowledge of geography.(这男孩已得到一点地理知识.)可见，根据题意应选secure.‎ ‎322. I have such a bad cold that I have lost all _____ of smell.    A. degree    B. sense    C. strength    D. scent ‎[答案] B. sense.      [注释] sense 意为“(五官的)感觉”，如: People have five senses: sight，hearing，smell， taste and touch. scent 气味，香味.‎ ‎323. She is so _____ that she cried for days when her pet rabbit died.    A. sensitive    B. sensible    C. imaginative    D. impressive ‎[答案] A. sensitive      [注释] sensitive敏感的(to),易受伤害的,灵敏的。sensible明智的(of),通情达理的。imaginative有想象力。impressive的给人留下印象的,感人的。‎ ‎324. The lorry driver was badly _____ when his lorry crashed into a wall.    A. damaged    B. hit    C. hurt    D. harmed ‎[答案] C. hurt [注释] damage损坏;harm对......有害;hurt(精神上或肉体上)伤害; hit打击;pain(精神上或肉体上)痛苦。‎ ‎325. I caught a _____ of the car before it disappeared around the bend.    A. glance    B. glimpse    C. glare    D. gleam ‎[答案] B. glimpse      [注释] catch (or get) a glimpse of瞥见(强调行为的结果)。take a glance (or look) at看一眼(强调行为过程本身)。‎ ‎326. The car salesman took the customer for a driver in the new model in order to _____ its improved features.    A. advocate    B. demonstrate    C. exhibit    D. reveal ‎[答案] B. demonstrate [注释]demonstrate(=show clearly by giving proof or example)(用实例,证据)证明,表演。advocate拥护,提倡。exhibit展览,陈列。reveal揭示,暴露。‎ ‎327. The rainbow _____ as the sun came fully out from behind the clouds.    A. dissolved    B. removed    C. resigned    D. disappeared ‎[答案] D. disappeared [注释]disappear消失。dissolve溶解。remove去除。resign辞去,辞职。retire退休。‎ ‎328. All too _____ it was time to go back to school after the glorious summer holidays.    A. often    B. fast    C. soon    D. late ‎[答案] C. soon [注释]all too实在太......，all too soon意为太快了，带有惋惜的意味，如：Tom had snatched a short holiday from his work to come here. He said it ended all too soon.（汤姆趁工作之暇匆匆来此渡一短假，他说，假期过得太快了。）‎ ‎329. Deserts, dry areas with _____ no vegetation, cover more than one-third of the Earth's land surface.    A. surprisingly    B. eventually    C. permanently     D. virtually ‎[答案] D. virtually [注释]virtually(=almost, very nearly; in every way that is really important)几乎，事实上，实际上；My book is virtually finished; I have only a few changes to make in the writing.( 我的书几乎写完了,我只要在作品中再作一点修改就可以了。) ‎ surprisingly令人惊奇的；eventually最终的；permanently永久的。‎ ‎330. After dinner the minister made a short _____ to the guests.    A. delivery    B. pronunciation    C. conversation    D. speech ‎[答案] D. speech [注释]make a speech to sb.(向某人做演讲)。make conversation with sb.(和某人闲谈conversation常与下列动词搭配:get (enter) into conversation with(和......攀谈起来),have a conversation with(与......谈话),interrupt (break off) conversation(中断谈话),turn the conversation to other matters(把话题转到其他问题上)delivery常指"(演讲等的)说话方式,口才",如: His report was good, but his delivery was poor.( 他的报告内容很好,但他的口才太差)。‎ ‎331. When there's doubt the examiner's decision is _____.    A. right    B. final    C. definite    D. fixed ‎[答案] B. final. [注释]final最终的,不会改变的。definite明确的。fixed固定的,不变的;a fixed income(固定收入)。right正确的。 ‎ ‎332. Busy and successful as he was, the novelist was willing to _____ any promising young man and give him all the help he could.    A. take up    B. pick up    C. make up    D. look up ‎[答案] A. take up. [注释]take up把......当作被保护人,关照,提携,列如:This athlete was taken up by several Boston universities.(这个运动员得到波士顿大学的关照。) pick up参阅III.129,130注释。 本题译文：虽然他是一位繁忙又有成就的小说家,但他愿意提携任何有前途的年轻人并尽力给予帮助。‎ ‎333. He did not find a job yet because he had no _____ to men who could help him.    A. approach    B. application    C. access    D. approval ‎[答案] C. access. [注释]have access to进入的路；能接近，进入,了解或使用(不可数名词)。列如：1)We had access to his private files.(我们能接触他的私人档案。)2)Only a few people have access to the full facts of the ase.(只有几人能了解案件的全部事实。)3)Only high officials had access to the emperor.(只有高级官员才能接近皇帝。) approach接近,走近,快到;对待处理(事情的)方式;接近(到达)的路:1)He was warned of the enemy.(已警告他敌人已接近。)2)His book represents a new approach to the difficulty.(他的书代表了处理困难的一种新方法。)3)The approach to the house was a narrow path.(通到这幢房子的路是一条小径。) application申请,申请书。approval赞同。根据题意,此句中不是指身体上的“接近或靠近”,而是指“能接触到”的某人故选access更切题意 ‎334. The old man got into the _____ of storing money under the bed.    A. tradition    B. habit    C. use    D. custom ‎[答案] B. habit. [注释]get into the habit of doing sth.意为“养成了做......的习惯"。habit指个人的习惯,而custom则指社会的风俗习惯。tradition“传统"。‎ ‎ 335. The beauty of the place is more than I can describe. I am sure whoever sees it will _____ its charm.    A. appeal to   B. stick to    C. keep to    D. yield to ‎[答案] D. yield to. [注释]yield to:屈服于;投降让步(经常有比较灵活的译法)。如:The disease yielded to treatment.(=The disease was cured as the result of treatment.)(这病经过治疗已减轻或治愈。) appeal to向......呼吁;stick to(=keep to)坚持。 本题译文:该地秀丽的景色无法表达于笔下。我深信,不管是谁看到了它都会折服于它的魅力。 ‎ ‎336. Children are likely to get _____ if no one cares about their ‎ upbringing.    A. out of hand     B. out of order    C. out of place    D. out of work ‎[答案] A. out of hand. [注释]get(or be) out of hand是习语,意为“无法控制,不受约束":This situation appears to be completely out of hand.(看来形势已完全失去控制。) out of order有毛病,失灵;out of place不得其所的,不适当的;out of work失业。 本题译文:如果不关心孩子的教育,他们很可能会无法控制。 ‎ ‎337. When the Greeks had _____ the Persians, a soldier ran from Marathon to Athens.    A. won    B. bitten    C. beaten    D. hit [答案] C. beaten. [注释]beat sb. 打败某人。beat sb. black and blue(把某人打得鼻青脸肿)。hit,击,击中:hit a man on the head(打在人的头上);hit at sb.(向某人打去)。strike(=hit ,give a blow at blows to)打,击:strike a man on the chin(打在某人的下巴上)。win赢得,用作此义时,后不能接某人;可以说win a match, a victory, the first prize等。‎ ‎338. There was a large box behind the door and Peter couldn't _____ falling over it in the darkness.    A. help    B. resist    C. avoid    D. prevent ‎[答案]C. avoid. [注释]avoid 避免(后接动词或名词): He tried to avoid answering my questions. can't (couldn't) help doing sth. 禁不住做......不由自主地做......。 can't (couldn't) resist doing sth.禁不住做......: I couldn't resist laughing. ‎ ‎339. Maria is a _____ person and never makes any unreasonable demands.    A. sensitive    B. sensible    C. obedient    D. jealous ‎[答案]B. sensible [注释]sensible 通情达理的；sensitive敏感的；obedient顺从的；jealous 妒忌的，猜疑的，警惕的； ‎ ‎340. Violent programs on television may have a bad _____ on children.    A. affection    B. pressure    C. influence    D. control ‎[答案]C. influence. [注释]have a influence on 对...有影响；‎ ‎341. The shop-assistant was straight with his customers. If an article was of _____ quality, he'd tell them so.    A. humble    B. minor    C. inferior    D. awkward ‎[答案]C. inferior. [注释]inferior 比较差的；humble谦卑的，恭顺的，低下的；awkward 尴尬的，别扭的， 笨手笨脚的；不好用的；minor细小的：1)This cloth is inferior to that one .（这块布比那块质量差）2)She feels inferior to her elder sister .（她感到比姐姐差的多。）3)He is of humble birth.（她出身低微。）4)He is very humble towards his superiors.（ 他对上司低三下四。）5)he felt awkward and uncomfortable.（他感到尴尬不自在）6)He was an awkward carpenter.（他是个笨手笨脚的木匠）7)This is a very awkward question. We must ask that of Hery.（这个问题不好对付，我们必须去问问亨利。‎ ‎342. If you put too many potatoes in that paper-bag it will _____.    A. fail    B. explode    C. crack    D. burst ‎[答案]D. burst      [注释] burst vt./vi.涨破，涨裂。Burst one's clothes（撑破衣服）。 ‎ ‎343. One-room schoolhouses can still be found in _____ areas where there are no other schools for many miles.    A. disposed    B. deserted    C. isolated    D. abandoned ‎[答案]C. isolated [注释]isolated 孤立的。Deserted被遗弃的；空无一人的；abandoned丢弃的，如；abandoned cars(因报废而丢弃的汽车)。Dispose of sth. 处理掉某物：He disposed of his old car .（他把旧的汽车处理掉了。）意为卖掉或扔掉等。 ‎ ‎344. I'm afraid you have no _____ but to come along with ‎ us.    A. possibility    B. permission    C. choice    D. selection ‎ [答案]C. choice. [注释]have no choice but 除了...没有别的选择；只能...：I have no choice but to obey.(我只能服从)。 ‎ ‎345. I shall never beat John at tennis; we are clearly not in the same _____.    A. set    B. band    C. group    D. class ‎[答案] D. class. [注释]be in the same class 水平相同。此句中class,意为“(高低、优劣的)等级；种 类”。 ‎ ‎346. As soon as Charles had _____ a little from his surprise, his one thought was to get away.    A. returned    B. absorbed    C. dissolved    D. recovered ‎[答案] D. recovered. [注释]recover from 从......恢复过来 ‎347. When I arrived in this country, I had to start learning the language from _____.    A. scratch    B. scrap    C. snatch    D. scrape [答案] A. scratch. [注释]start from scratch (=from the beginning, from nothing) 从头开始，白手起家；John brought the radio from scratch. (=John bought the parts and put them together himself.) ‎ ‎348. The thieves _____ him _____ in the park, took his wallet and escaped.    A. held .. back      B. held .. up    C. held .. on        D. held .. out 答案] B. held ... up. [注释]hold up sb. 拦劫。hold up, hold on, hold out 的用法请参阅III.82,83注释. ‎ ‎349. Japan has to employ an increasing number of overseas workers because there is no easy solution to its labor _____.    A. decline    B. rarity    C. vacancy    D. shortage ‎[答案] D. shortage. [注释]labour shortage 劳动力短缺。Decline 下降。rarity稀少。vacancy 空缺，未占用.‎