2012高考英语易错点点睛 专题09 名词性从句 7页

‎2012高考英语备考易错点睛系列 ‎9名词性从句（教师版）‎ 考前必读 名词性从句是英语中比较复杂的结构，既涉及词汇的用法，也涉及句法结构，是整个高中阶段英语学习的重点和难点之一。在学习名词性从句时，应注意从以下几个方面入手：一是要熟悉句子的各种成分，尤其是主语、宾语、表语、同位语的特点；二是要掌握引导名词性从句的连接代词、连接副词的分类及用法(that，if，whether的用法区别)；三是要注意名词性从句中的特殊情况(that的省略，语序问题，时态问题，语气问题)；四是要注意疑问连接词what，when，where等引导名词性从句不表示疑问的情况；五是要注意whoever，whichever，whatever，whenever，wherever等引导从句的用法。特别需要注意的是要掌握it替代从句的用法 易错点睛 易错点1混淆同位语从句和定语从句 ‎【易错题l】Life is like a long race _____we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.‎ A．why B．what C．that D．where ‎【错因透视】同位语从句与定语从句的区别：‎ ‎(1)同位语从句与前面的名词是同位关系，即说明它前面名词的内容，是对这一内容的完全解释；而定语从句与前面的名词是修饰与被修饰的关系，即限定它前面的名词范围，或补充一些情况。如：The news that I have passed the exam is true．我通过了考试这一消息是真的。(同位语从句，即从句所表达的意思就是前面名词的内容。)‎ The news that he told mejust now is true．他刚才告诉我的消息是真的。(定语从句，从句对前面名词起修饰限制作用，即“他告诉我的”那个消息，而不是别的消息。)‎ ‎(2)引导同位语从句的that是连词，在从句中不充当任何成分，而引导定语从句的that是关系代词，除起连接作用外，还在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语等。如：The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people．计算机能够识别人的声音的想法使许多人感到惊奇。(that在从句中不充当任何成分。)The idea that he gave surprises many people．他提出的观点令许多人感到吃惊。(that在从句中作gave的宾语。)[来源:]‎ 易错点2不了解从句的间隔现象而造成误选 ‎【易错题l】News came from the school office Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University.‎ A. which B. what C. that D. where ‎【错因透视】像定语从句的先行词与定语从句间隔一样，有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在说明的名词后面，而被别的词隔开。如：Several years later，word came that Napoleon himself was coming to inspectthem．几年以后，有消息传来说拿破仑要亲自视察他们。The thought came to him that maybe the enemyhad fled the city．他突然想起可能敌人已经逃出城了。‎ 易错点3混淆how far／how soon／how often／how long等引导名词性从句的短语连词 ‎【易错题l】—I wonder you’ll water this kind of flower.‎ ‎—Every other day.‎ A. how often B. how long C. how soon D. how much 易错点4 混淆引导名词性从句的连词和连接副词 ‎【易错题】At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see___ it got any better.‎ A. when B. how C. why D. if ‎【解析】考生容易误选A项，原因是误解了句子的意思，认为是“看什么时候情况会变得好一点”。句子的意思是：最初他不喜欢这份新工作，但是他决定给自己几个月的时间来看一下这件工作是否会变得更好。故用if引导宾语从句。‎ ‎【答案】D 跟踪练习 （2012年郑州市高中毕业年级第一次质量预测英语）After five hours’ drive, they reached ______ they thought was the place they had been dreaming of.‎ A．that B．what C．which D．where ‎【答案】B （北京市西城区2012届高三上学期期末考试英语）After ______ seemed an endless wait, it was her turn to enter the personnel manager’s office.‎ A．that B．how C．what D．why ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】 考查宾语从句。此处 After 用作介词，“____ seemed an endless wait” 为宾语从句，因从句中缺少主语，所以用 What。注意 that 引导宾语从句时，在从句中不充当任何成分。故选C。‎ （北京市重点高中2012届高三尖子生综合素质展示英语）Whom do you expect to have ______ the problem of over-loaded school buses?‎ A．solve B．to solve C．solved D．solving （南京市2012届高三年级第一次模拟考试英语）—What has made him look like lacking sleep?‎ ‎—______ his wife is ill and he has to get up several times a night to attend to her.‎ A．For B．Because C．That D．What （山东省潍坊市三县市2012届高三上学期联合考试英语）All of us have already known ______ she will choose is the opportunity to go abroad.‎ A．how B．that C．what D．which ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】 考查名词性从句。句意：我们都已经知道她将选择的是出国的机会。“what she will choose is the opportunity to go abroad” 是宾语从句，在从句中，what she will choose 是从句的主语，what 在主语从句中作 choose 的宾语。‎ （山西省2012届高三年级四校联考试题英语）Blog, a shared online journal where people can post diary entries about their personal experience and hobbies, ______ more and more popular with people of all ages.‎ A．had become B．become C．becoming D．is becoming （河北省普通高中2012届高三教学质量监测英语）More than 200 million people in China suffer high blood pressure, and 70% of them are unaware of the fact ______ they have the illness.‎ A．what B．when C．how D．that ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】 考查同位语从句。“that they have the illness” 是同位语从句，解释说明 the fact 的具体内容。‎ Sometimes advertisements make ______ possible for companies to sell the customers ______ money can not buy.‎ A. ×; that           B. it; what                C. that; which          D. it; whose The news spread quickly through the village _____ the war had ended, ______ made villagers wild with joy.‎ A. which; that              B. that; what                 C. that; which              D. what; which ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查同位语从句和定语从句。第一空that引导的从句与the news构成同位关系；第二空是which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子。所以应该选C项。‎ —When shall we gather again?‎ ‎—Anytime _______ we are engaged in our work.‎ A. except that               B. except when                  C. except it                   D. except for —Excuse me，sir.Could you tell me the way to the railway station?‎ ‎—Sorry，I'm a stranger here myself.You are supposed to ask，I'm afraid，________ is a native.‎ A．someone     B．whoever     C．who     D．whomever ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查名词性从句。I'm afraid是插入语，句子的主干是“You are supposed to ask whoever is a native”。whoever引导宾语从句，并在从句中作主语。‎ Mary is interested in ________ is in the shops，but buying a new coat is not on the top of her shopping list.‎ A．which         B．what         C．that         D．where —It's thirty years since we last met.‎ ‎—But I still remember the story，believe it or not， ________ we got lost on a rainy night.‎ A．which         B．that              C．what              D．when ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】通过对句子的分析可知，believe it or not是插入语，在此句中that引导的句子和the story是同位关系。‎ From ____ seemed to be a great, cloudy distance, he smiled at her, and she smiled too.‎ A. it                      B. that                          C. what                        D. which ‎【答案】C （浙江省2012年高三调研测试卷英语）______ is surprising is that there are so many Chinese restaurants in Toronto.‎ A．It B．That C．Such D．What