高考英语书面表达传统文化 10页

‎2014级卓越班高考英语书面表达关于传统文化补充 注意了！高考英语也要考传统文化！ 2017年高考英语考试大纲的调整传递出主要信号：在英语学习上重视和突出中华传统价值观，重视语言应用，回归了英语作为语言功能的本质。高考英语更重视考查学生阅读能力、跨文化交际能力和思维能力。因此，掌握一些传统文化名词和背诵一些传统文化方面的范文，对提高听力、阅读理解、作文成绩有着很大的帮助！‎ 一. 中国传统文化名词 一、节日名称篇 春节 Chinese New Year’s Day / Chinese Lunar New Year / the Spring Festival ‎ 除夕 New Year’s Eve ‎ 正月 lunar January ‎ 初一 the beginning of New Year ‎ 元宵节 the Lantern Festival ‎ 春龙节 the Dragon-head-raising Festival (龙抬头)‎ 寒食节 the Cold Food Festival 清明节Tomb Sweeping Day ‎ 端午节the Dragon Boat Festival (龙舟节) ‎ 七夕节the Magpie Festival / Double Seventh Day (中国情人节)‎ 中元节 the Hungry Ghost Festival 中秋节the Mid-Autumn Festival ‎ 重阳节the Double Ninth Festival ‎ 腊八节the Laba Festival 泼水节 the Water-Splashing Day 二、节日相关活动篇 剪纸 paper cutting 书法 calligraphy 对联 couplets 红双喜 double happiness 三、饮食篇 小吃摊 Snack Bar / Snack Stand 元宵 sweet rice dumpling 火锅 hot pot 春卷 spring roll(s)‎ 莲藕 lotus root 北京烤鸭 Beijing roast duck 馄饨 wonton 花卷 steamed twisted rolls 羊肉泡馍 pita bread soaked in lamb soup 冰糖葫芦 a stick of sugar-coated haws 八宝饭 eight-treasure rice pudding 粉丝 glass noodles 豆腐脑 jellied bean curd 东坡肉 Dongpo Pork 咸水鸭 boiled salted duck 鸭血粉丝汤 duck blood and silk noodles soup 四、建筑篇 长城 The Great Wall 故宫博物院 The Palace Museum 天坛 The Temple of Heaven ‎ 敦煌莫高窟 Mogao Caves 兵马俑 Cotta Warriors / Terracotta Army 五、文学艺术篇 ‎《诗经》 The Book of Songs ‎《史记》 Historical Records / Records of the Grand Historian ‎《红楼梦》A Dream of Red Mansions ‎《西游记》The Journey to the West 孔子 Confucius 孟子 Mencius 京剧 Beijing Opera / Peking Opera 黄梅戏 Huangmei Opera 秦腔 Crying of Qin People / Qin Opera 太极拳 TaiChi 文房四宝 (笔墨纸砚) the Four Treasure of the Study / Brush, Inkstick, Paper, and Inkstone 宣纸 rice paper 相声 cross-talk / comic dialogue 木偶戏 puppet show 小品 witty skits 武术 Wushu / Chinese Martial Arts 中庸 the way of medium / golden means 六、其他 火药 gunpowder 指南针 compass 二. 相关话题作文预测 壹 ‎ 某中学生英文报就“保护中国传统文化”为主题举行英语征文活动。你准备给该报投稿，稿件内容包括：‎ ‎1. 保护中国传统文化的重要性 ‎2. 列举1-2个你所知道的国家或当地政府文化保护的事例;‎ ‎3. 谈谈你对文化保护的建议。 ‎ 字数要求：120字。‎ ‎【参考范文】‎ Protect Traditional Chinese Culture The protection of national and folk culture is of great significance to Chinese cultural diversity and also to the harmonious development between local economic and social development. It is reported that the Guangdong government pays special attention to protecting Chaoju(潮剧)， a local drama born in Chaozhou in the eastern Guangdong province.‎ In my opinion, some measures should be taken to protect traditional culture effectively. To start with, we should make a law to regulate the society’s performance. Besides, we should draw more people’s attention to it, for the more they know about the importance of culture protection, the stronger support we can get from the public.‎ In a word, it is high time for us to treasure and develop our own valuable culture.‎ 贰 ‎ 假如你叫李华，最近你的美国笔友Tony要来北京体验中国传统文化，请根据他的 问题回复邮件，为他设计北京一日游活动，帮助他体验中国传统文化。请描述你们打算去的地方、具体的活动安排、以及这样安排的理由。‎ 提示词语：traditional Chinese culture, tea house, Peking Opera, paper cutting ‎【参考范文1】‎ Hi, Tony!‎ I’m glad that you will come to Beijing soon. There are lots of places of interest in Beijing. In order to experience ‎ traditional Chinese culture better, I do recommend Beijing Hutong tour.‎ First, we’re going to go sightseeing along the lanes in Hutong. The houses in Hutong are traditional, such as Siheyuan. From them, you can imagine how people used to live. Of course you can stop anywhere you like and it is interesting to take pictures or have a close look. Second, we are going to pay visits to a Hutong family. We can have lunch there and have a short talk with the local residents, which can help you learn about many stories of the past. We can not only appreciate the dramatic changes that Hutong has undergone, but also see evidence of the history of Beijing, experience the old way of life and experience traditional Beijing culture.‎ In a word, Hutongs are the homes of common people in the past. It is easy to know how people lived and had fun in the old days. So it is a good choice to learn about traditional Chinese culture.‎ I’m looking forward to your coming.‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【参考范文2】‎ Hi, Tony!‎ I’m glad that you will come to Beijing soon. There are many places of interest where you can experience the traditional Chinese culture in Beijing, but I’d like to take you to Nanluoguxiang.‎ First, we can take a walk along the lanes in Hutong to feel the architectural style of the old buildings like Siheyuan and local people’s way of life. Besides, you can have a talk with the residents to know more about the history about Hutong. What’s more, we can try all kinds of local foods on the way. And you can buy some paper cuttings as gifts for your friends. When we feel tired, it’s a good choice for us to go to a tea house. There, we can taste all kinds of Chinese tea and get a lot of knowledge about tea. Most importantly, we can watch Peking Opera while drinking tea, which is a typical art to reflect Beijing humanities features. ‎ As for the reason why we go there, I think it can make you better experience traditional Chinese tea culture, the food culture and the characteristics of the old residence in Beijing.‎ ‎ I’m looking forward to your coming.‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua 叁 ‎ ‎ 假如你叫李华，你的美国笔友Tom对中国的传统节日非常感兴趣。他想请你介绍你最喜欢的一个节日，如中秋节、端午节、春节等，你通常是怎么庆祝的，以及你喜欢这个节日的原因。请你根据他的问题回复邮件。‎ 提示词语：eat, get together, share, happy, special ‎【参考范文1】‎ Hi! Tom,‎ I’m glad to hear that you are interested in traditional Chinese festivals.‎ My favorite festival is the Mid-Autumn Festival. It usually comes in September or October. On that day, our family members usually get together and have a nice meal. After that, I always admire the moon and share mooncakes with my families.‎ I love this festival because I like eating mooncakes. They are in the shape of a full moon. They carry people’s wishes to the families they love and miss. In short, the Mid-Autumn Festival is a day of pleasure and happiness. I hope that my letter will help you know more about Chinese festivals.‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【参考范文2】‎ Hi! Tom,‎ My favorite Chinese festival is the Spring Festival which comes on the first day of the Chinese Lunar Year. There is a name for each year, such as the dog, the monkey, the tiger or one of the twelve animals, and this year is the year of the horse.‎ Before the New Year’s Day, the Chinese people usually give their houses a good cleaning and on the last evening of the old year, all the members of a family will get together and have a big meal. People usually have jiaozi, fish, niangao and many other dishes. On the first or second day of the new year, people usually go to visit their relatives and friends and give some lucky money to children.‎ Among all the festivals, I like the Spring Festival best not only because I can enjoy delicious food, but also because I can relax myself by spending a few days with my family, my relatives and my friends. ‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【参考范文3】‎ Hi! Tom,‎ I’m glad to hear that you are interested in traditional Chinese festivals. There are many traditional festivals in China, and my favorite is the Spring Festival. It falls on the first day of the Chinese lunar New Year. The Spring Festival is as important as Christmas in the U.S.‎ and Chinese people have been celebrating it for many years.‎ To celebrate the Spring Festival, I usually stick the Chinese character “Fu” upside down on the door, which means happiness will come. Besides, I always prepare some red paper cutting to decorate my house because I believe the red color can bring our family good luck. On the eve of the festival, My family usually get together, having dinner and sharing some interesting experiences. Midnight is my favorite time because I can set off fireworks and admire them. Shining little stars coming out of fireworks create a warm atmosphere. Everyone is overjoyed as they say farewell to the old year and welcome the new year.‎ I really like the Spring Festival because it’s time for family reunions and the relationship between us becomes closer. Besides. What’s more, I can do various activities during the festival. I hope you can come to China to experience this colorful and meaningful festival.‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua 近十年中高考书面表达传统文化篇汇总如下，文后并附赠传统文化相关词汇。考前必备，考前必背。‎ ‎2016北京卷 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国朋友Jim 在给你的邮件中提到他对中国历史很感兴趣，并请你介绍一位你喜欢的中国历史人物。请你给Jim回信，内容包括：‎ ‎1. 该人物是谁；‎ ‎2. 该人物的主要贡献；‎ ‎3. 该人物对你的影响。 ‎ 注意：1. 词数不少于50；‎ ‎2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 ‎ Dear Jim,‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua One possible version:‎ Dear Jim,‎ It’s great to hear from you. I feel proud knowing your interest in Chinese history.‎ As for my favorite figure in Chinese history, it must be Wei Yuan, a great thinker in the late Qing Dynasty. He, in his book, Haiguo Tuzhi (Maps and Records of the World), introduced modern technologies and ideas to China. That opened our eyes tothe world. In fact, he inspires me to major in English in college, to be a bridge between China and the world.‎ Interested in knowing more? I can find you some books! Just let me know.Cheers!‎ Yours, ‎ Li Hua ‎2015全国卷II 假定你是李华，计划和同学去敬老院 (nursing home) 陪老人们过重阳节 (the Double Ninth Festival)。请给外教露西写封邮件，邀她一同前往，内容包括：‎ ‎　　1. 出发及返回时间；‎ ‎　　2. 活动：包饺子、表演节目等。‎ 注意：‎ ‎　　1. 词数100左右；‎ ‎　　2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎ 3. 结语已为你写好。 ‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Looking forward to your reply.‎ Yours, ‎ Li Hua One possible version:‎ Dear Lucy,‎ I’d like to invite you to join us for a visit to the nearby nursing home next Saturday for the Double Ninth Festival. It is the day for the elderly in our culture. We’ll go and make dumplings and cakes with the elderly people there. We’ll also spend some fun time together singing, dancing and playing games, which we hope will make them happy. We should be back around 4 o’clock in the afternoon. If you are able to come with us, please let us know and we’ll wait for you at the school gate at 9:‎00 in the morning.‎ Looking forward to your reply.‎ Yours, ‎ Li Hua ‎2015北京卷 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，请给你的美国朋友Jim写一封邮件，告诉他你打算参加龙舟训练营，希望他一起参加。邮件的内容包括： ‎ ‎ 1. 介绍训练营的相关内容 (例如：时间、地点、参加者等)； ‎ ‎ 2. 说明你打算参加的原因； ‎ ‎ 3. 询问对方的意向。 ‎ 注意：1. 词数不少于50； ‎ ‎ 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 ‎ 提示词：龙舟训练营 Dragon Boat Training Camp ‎ Dear Jim, ‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ‎ Yours, ‎ Li Hua ‎ One possible version:‎ Dear Jim,‎ I’m writing to tell you my exciting plan for the summer holiday. I intend to join in a Dragon Boat Training Camp.‎ I wonder if you’d like to go with me. ‎ This camp will open on July 20th. It offers teenagers, like you and me, a chance to enjoy sports and learn about Chinese culture. If you are interested in it, let me know and I’ll send you more information. ‎ Hope to meet you at the training camp this summer. ‎ Yours, ‎ Li Hua ‎2013全国卷II 假定你是李华，自制了一些中国结 (Chinese knot)。给开网店的美国朋友Tom写封信，请他代卖，要点包括： ‎ ‎ 1. 外观 (尺寸、颜色、材料)； ‎ ‎ 2. 象征意义；‎ ‎ 3. 价格 。‎ 注意：1. 词数100左右； ‎ ‎2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； ‎ ‎3. 开头语已为你写好。 ‎ Dear Tom,‎ How are you doing? _________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Li Hua One possible version:‎ Dear Tom,‎ How are you doing? I wonder if you could sell some Chinese knots for me. I made them myself with red silk threads, cloth and other materials. They look really beautiful in the shape of a diamond, about 5 inches long and 4 inches wide. In China, these knots stand for friendship, love and good luck. People can either give them as gifts to friends or hang them in their houses. They are only 12.99 US dollars each. If anyone wants to know more about the knots, let them write to me. Also, do let me know if you need further information. Thank you!‎ Li Hua ‎ ‎2013辽宁卷 ‎ ‎ 一个英文网站面向中学生征稿。请你写一篇英语稿件，介绍“中秋节”及这个节日里的主要活动。‎ ‎ 写作要点：‎ ‎1. 它是中国的传统节日之一； ‎ ‎2. 家人团聚；‎ ‎3. 赏月、吃月饼；‎ ‎4. 还有旅游、访友等其他活动。‎ 注意：1. 词数100左右；‎ ‎2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎3. 开头语已为你写好，不计入总词数。‎ 参考词汇：中秋节 the Mid-Autumn Festival ‎ ‎ 农历 lunar calendar ‎ 赏月 enjoy the full moon ‎ ‎ 月饼 moon cake The Mid-Autumn Festival ‎ The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the 15th of the eighth month of our Chinese lunar calendar.‎ ‎______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ One possible version:‎ The Mid-Autumn Festival The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the 15th of the eighth month of our Chinese lunar calendar. As one of the traditional Chinese festivals, it has been enjoying great popularity in our country. Usually, no matter how far away or ‎ how busy we are, we will try to come home for the celebration. The moon that night looks the brightest in the whole lunar month. What we love most is the time we enjoy the full moon together. With the beautiful moon up in the sky, we sit together and eat moon cakes and fruit, sharing our stories. In addition to these traditional activities, we have a wider range of choices such as traveling and visiting our relatives or friends.‎ ‎2012天津卷 假设你是李津，你的美国朋友Chris就读于天津某国际学校。他熟悉中国文化，特别是戏曲文化。‎8月5日下午2：00在新落成的天津大剧院将上演越剧《梁山伯与祝英台》。请你根据以下提示，用英语给Chris写一封电子邮件，邀请他一起观看演出。‎ ‎ * 提出邀请并简述原因；‎ ‎ * 提出观剧后活动建议 (如参观附近的博物馆或美术馆等)；‎ ‎ * 请求对方回复。‎ 注意：‎ ‎ 1. 请使用规范英语，词数不少于100；‎ ‎ 2. 可适当加入细节，以使内容充实、行文连贯；‎ ‎ 3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。‎ 参考词汇：‎ 越剧 Shaoxing Opera ‎ ‎《梁山伯与祝英台》 Butterfly Lovers 天津大剧院 Tianjin Grand Theater Dear Chris,‎ ‎ I have good news to tell you. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, ‎ Li Jin One possible version:‎ Dear Chris, ‎ I have good news to tell you. A world-famous Shaoxing Opera play, Butterfly Lovers, will be put on in the newly-built Tianjin Grand Theater at 2:00 p.m. on 5th, August. ‎ ‎ As far as I know, you are very familiar with Chinese culture, especially Chinese Opera. So you are sure to know well about the play, which is about a touching love story between a young man, Liang Shanbo, and a young girl, Zhu Yingtai. It’s said that it is performed by some famous Shaoxing Opera actresses. As a result, not only can you enjoy the beautiful story but also their attractive voices. Are you interested in it? If so, I can book tickets for you in advance and let’s go and appreciate it together, will you? In addition, there is a museum near the theater. Therefore, after the play, we can go there for a visit as well. ‎ ‎ Looking forward to your reply. ‎ Yours, ‎ Li Jin ‎2011天津卷 假设你是晨光中学学生会主席李华。你校将于‎6月26日 接待来自美国某中学的学生访问团。你受学校委托，负责安排其在津的一日活动。请根据以下提示，用英语给该团的领队Smith先生写一封电子邮件，介绍活动计划并简要说明理由，最后征求对方意见。‎ ‎·上午与我校学生座谈 (话题如校园生活、文化差异等)；‎ ‎·中午与我校学生共同进餐 (午餐包括饺子、面条等)；‎ ‎·下午与我校学生游览海河。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1. 词数不少于100；‎ ‎2. 可适当加入细节，以使内容充实、行文连贯；‎ ‎3. 信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。‎ 参考词汇：海河 the Haihe River Dear Mr. Smith,‎ I am Li Hua, chairman of the Student Union, from Chenguang‎ ‎High School. ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ Yours sincerely,‎ Li Hua One possible version:‎ Dear Mr. Smith, ‎ I am Li Hua, chairman of the Student Union, from Chenguang‎ ‎High School. Your students’ visiting group coming from the US will pay a visit to our school on June 26 and I was appointed to take charge of arranging all the activities on that day. My plan about these activities is as follows.‎ On the morning of your arrival, we will show you around our school and introduce our most advanced science lab to you. Then a discussion will be held, which may cover such topics as school life, cultural differences, and so on, aiming to improve mutual understanding. At noon, we will have a get-together in our school’s dining hall. To let our guests know more about our traditional customs and culture, we will prepare dumplings and noodles as main food. In the afternoon, our guests together with some of our student representatives are going to visit the Haihe‎ ‎River and enjoy the beautiful scenery there. After that, you will end your visit to our school.‎ What do you think of the plan? Can you give me some advice on how to make your visit to our school more interesting and impressive? I look forward to your reply.‎ ‎ Yours sincerely,‎ ‎ Li Hua ‎2009全国卷 假定你是李华，你的美国朋友 Sarah打算暑期来北京旅游，来信询问改建后前门大街的情况。请你写封回信，简单介绍以下内容： ‎ ‎ 1. 简况：长800余米、600多年历史、300余家商铺； ‎ ‎ 2. 位置：天安门广场南面； ‎ ‎ 3. 交通：公共汽车17、69、59等路，地铁2号线； ‎ ‎ 4. 特色：步行街、当当车、茶馆、剧院等。 ‎ 参考词汇：步行街 pedestrian street ‎ 当当车 trolley car ‎ 地铁 subway ‎ 注意： ‎ ‎ 1. 词数100左右； ‎ ‎ 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； ‎ ‎ 3. 开头语已为你写好，请将完整的回信书写在答题卡上。 ‎ Dear Sarah, ‎ ‎ Thank you for your letter asking about the rebuilt Qianmen Street. Here is something about it. ‎ ‎———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎ One possible version:‎ Dear Sarah,‎ Thank you for your letter asking about the rebuilt Qianmen Street. Here is something about it.‎ Qianmen Street‎ is a famous street of over 600 years old. Along this 800-meter street, there are more than 300 shops. As the street is in the center of Beijing, just to the south of Tian’anmen Square, it’s very convenient to get there by bus. You may take Buses No. 17, 69 or 59. Subway Line 2 has a stop there too. Qianmen Street is a pedestrian street, but there are trolley cars to take you not only to the shops, but also to theatres and teahouses where you can experience a truly Chinese way of life. I’m sure you’ll like it.‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎2009四川卷 假设你是李华。你的外国笔友Jane 打算于七月来中国，特来信了解中国的社交习俗。 ‎ 请你用英语回一封信，从以下几个方面作具体介绍。 ‎ ‎ 1. 见面时的问候方式； ‎ ‎ 2. 对赞美的回答方式； ‎ ‎ 3. 接收礼物时的回应方式； ‎ ‎ 4. 餐宴礼节。 ‎ 注意： ‎ ‎ 1. 词数100左右，信的开头和结束语已为你写好 (不计入总词数)。 ‎ ‎ 2. 可根据内容要点适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 ‎ Dear Jane, ‎ ‎ Glad to hear from you and you’re welcome to China in July. ‎ ‎—————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————‎ ‎ I hope what’s mentioned above might be helpful and wish you a good journey. ‎ Yours sincerely, ‎ Li Hua ‎ One possible version:‎ Dear Jane, ‎ Glad to hear from you and you’re welcome to China in July. The following are some Chinese customs. ‎ ‎ Firstly, we greet each other by saying “Hello” or asking such questions as “Where are you going?” or “Are you busy?” to express our care. Secondly, when praised, we reply with “oh, no!” or “I’m over-praised” to show good manners. Next, when receiving a gift, we usually say “It’s unnecessary” besides “Thanks” to show politeness and then put it away. Finally, at dinner parties, we talk loudly and touch glasses when drinking to someone’s health or success to show that we’re nice. ‎ ‎ Anyhow, different cultures, different customs. If you “Do as the Romans do when in Rome”, you’ll enjoy more of your stay here. ‎ ‎ I hope what’s mentioned above might be helpful and wish you a good journey. ‎ Yours sincerely, ‎ Li Hua ‎2009山东卷 假设你是李华，曾在美国学习半年，现已回国。你想联系你的美国老师Mr. Smith，但没有其联系方式。请根据以下要点给你的美国同学Tom 写一封信：‎ ‎1. 感谢Tom对你英语学习的帮助；‎ ‎2. 询问Mr. Smith 的近况并索要其联系方式；‎ ‎3. 邀请Tom在春节期间来中国感受中国文化。‎ 注意：1. 词数120-150；‎ ‎2. 可适当增加细节。‎ One possible version:‎ Dear Tom,‎ I am now back China and sound. In this letter I would like to convey my heartfelt appreciation to you for your kind assistance in my English learning when I was in New York. Additionally, your generous help and tender care made me feel warmly welcomed and transformed my first American trip into an unforgettable memory.‎ I have been missing our English professor, Mr. Smith whose unusual cast of mind, wide and varied knowledge, together with a singular personal charm, combined to exert a strong influence on me. What about him recently? I desire to contact him for some suggestions on improving my listening ability. However, his email address is not available. So would you mind delivering it to me via the online mailbox?‎ I am more than delighted to invite you to join us to celebrate the Spring Festival — Chinese Lunar New Year so that I can repay your friendship. You can partner with me to have a try in lion dances, which is extremely exciting. And the grand lantern festival parade will be bound to impress you. I assure you that you would enjoy visiting here as I did at your home.‎ With my best regards! ‎ Yours cordially, ‎ Li Hua ‎ ‎2006江西卷 请用“中秋节的等待”为题，用英语写一篇短文，描述下面的内容，并就此发表你的评论。‎ ‎ 要求：1. 文章必须包括描述和评论两部分；‎ ‎ 2. 词语为100左右。‎ One possible version:‎ The Mid-Autumn Festival’s waiting It’s the Mid-Autumn Festival today, and it’s a festival for reunion. So, children said that they would have dinner with their parents on the day. Parents prepared abundant delicious dishes and desserts for children. But it’s a quarter past one now. They haven’t come yet. So, father prepares to phone them and ask them to come quickly. While, mother looks at the door frequently, wishing children’s coming. ‎ ‎ The scene is common nowadays. Children are always busy and have little time to spend with their parents. But I think that one should stay with his parents as much as possible. It’s the best way to respect parents.‎ ‎ ‎