上海市虹口区高考英语一模试卷 45页

‎2019 年上海市虹口区高考英语一模试卷 I. Listening ComprehensionSection A （10 分）Directions： In Section A， you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation， a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.‎ After you hear a conversation and the question about it ， read the four possible answers on your paper， and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.‎ ‎1．（1 分）A ． At a kindergarten ．‎ B． In a hospital ．‎ C． At a police station ．‎ D． In a library ．‎ ‎2．（1 分）A ． A journalist ．‎ B．A tailor ．‎ C． An electrician ．‎ D． An operator ．‎ ‎3．（1 分）A ． Her glasses are broken．‎ B． She can't see the time on the sign．‎ C． She loses her glasses．‎ D． The museum is out of sight ．‎ ‎4．（1 分）A ． The kids will enjoy the movie ．‎ B． The movie will be quite boring ．‎ C． The kids will be surprised at the movie ．‎ D． The movie will not be suitable for kids to see ．‎ ‎5．（1 分）A ． Positive．‎ B． Negative．‎ C． Neutral ．‎ D． Unclear．‎ ‎6．（1 分）A ． He isn't an experienced skier ．‎ B． He has never been to Central Mountains ．‎ C． He doesn't plan to go skiing during spring break ．‎ 第 1 页（共 45 页）‎ D． He doesn't recommend going to Central Mountains ．‎ ‎7．（1 分）A ． The bad weather stopped him．‎ B． His shoes were worn out ．‎ C． He didn't like hiking trip ．‎ D． He was too exhausted to continue．‎ ‎8．（1 分）A ． The woman is afraid of the potential noise ．‎ B． The woman doesn't like living in the suburbs ．‎ C． The woman has sleeping problems．‎ D． The woman will sign the rental contract ．‎ ‎9．（1 分）A ． Make up for the inconvenience ．‎ B． Arrange accommodation for him ．‎ C． Explain the cause of the cancellation ．‎ D． Allow him to take another flight that night ．‎ ‎10．（1 分）A ． All work requires high speed ．‎ B． Working too fast may lead to undesirable outcomes ．‎ C． The result may not be as bad as the man has expected．‎ D． You can never lay too much emphasis on the fast speed．‎ Section BDirection ： In Section B， you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation， and you will be asked several questions on each of the passagesand the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice， but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question ， read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.‎ ‎11．（4.5 分）（1）A ． It can work automatically ．‎ B． Its battery can run all night ．‎ C． It can clean the office windows ．‎ D． It cleans as fast as human cleaners．‎ ‎（2）A． To start a robot cleaning company ．‎ B． To develop a better model for the market ．‎ C． To increase the profit of the robotic business ．‎ D． To develop a long ﹣lasting battery for the current model ．‎ 第 2 页（共 45 页）‎ ‎（3）A． Its work efficiency ．‎ B． Its appearance．‎ C． Its sense of direction ．‎ D． Its robotic arm ．‎ ‎12．（4.5 分）（1）A． Encouraging physical activity ．‎ B． Ensuring a healthy lifestyle ．‎ C． Reducing the risk of bone weakening ．‎ D． Protecting them from fatal diseases ．‎ ‎（2）A． Women's change in a day．‎ B． The damage of depression．‎ C． The proper use of certain chemicals ．‎ D． The healthiest place in the office ．‎ ‎（3）A． Whether it is a useful item ．‎ B． Whether it is to receivers' taste ．‎ C． Whether it is a general gift ．‎ D． Whether it is at a reasonable price ．‎ ‎13．（6 分）（1）A． Fill in an application form ．‎ B． Send in an application letter ．‎ C． Make an appointment for an interview ．‎ D． Make a brief self ﹣introduction on the phone ．‎ ‎（2）A． Someone having a college degree in advertising ．‎ B． Someone experienced in business management．‎ C． Someone ready to take on more responsibilities ．‎ D． Someone willing to work beyond regular hours ．‎ ‎（3）A． Travel opportunities B． Decent pay．‎ C． Prospects for promotion D． Flexible working hours ．‎ ‎（4）A． It is to be negotiated ．‎ B． It is about 500 pounds a week ．‎ 第 3 页（共 45 页）‎ C． It depends on the working hours ．‎ D． It will be set by the Human Resource ．‎ II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections ： After reading the passage below， fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word， fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word ； for the other blanks，‎ use one word that best fits each blank.‎ ‎14．（10 分）Dear headmaster，‎ On hearing the news that a Reading Festival is to be held on campus on the World Book and Copyright Day and the possible project is open to be recommended， I （ 1 ）‎ hardly wait to write to you ， sharing my humble opinions ．‎ As far as I'm concerned ， the theme of the festival can be "sharing" ， primarily （2）‎ ‎（consist） of three parts． Firstly ， the festival can start with a 30 ﹣minute discussion where groups of students can exchange and share what they （3） （expose）to recently ，‎ expressing themselves freely． Following this section is the speech． Teacher and student representatives previously selected by us are to share and recommend the book they think really deserving to be read ． It's needless to say that the last sharing section which is the most meaningful is donation ， during （4） time everyone present， teachers or students，‎ is expected to donate one or more books to the library ． As for when （5） （hold）‎ the activity ， the afternoon may be an ideal choice so that it won't interrupt our classes ．‎ My advice is justified by the following reasons ． First and foremost ， it is in the group discussion and exchange that we students can have a thorough idea（6） our peers are reading for the moment ，serving as a driving force for our own reading journey ．So it is （7）‎ the books recommended． Named by those "idols" in our mind ， they will definitely win our heart． As for the donation ， the benefits are exactly self ﹣evident． （8） can we share beyond our class or even beyond our school， developing a good campus tradition ， but ‎（9） （importantly ），these books which are sure to be dusted on our shelves can now be of more value．‎ I'm looking forward to your favorable reply ．And （10） is my sincere hope that the festival can be a great success and we can gain a lot from it ．‎ Yours， 第 4 页（共 45 页）‎ Amy Young Section BDirections： Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.‎ ‎15．（10 分）‎ A． deliberate B． distinction C． polish D． credit E． dependent F． occasionally G． feasibility H． shift I． fulfilling J． signals K． continuously Overcoming Obstacles ： How Your Biggest Failure Can Lead to Your Success There's been a lot written on the theme of failure and how essential it is to success ． In a world where （ 1 ） is given for people's accomplishments ， failing feels dangerous． The fear of failure can stop people taking disks that might lead to success ．‎ Heidi Grant Halvorson ，a psychologist，points out much of success is （2） not on talent but on learning from your mistakes ．‎ About half of the people in the world hold that ability in an area ﹣﹣﹣ be it creative or social skill ﹣﹣﹣ is natural． To other half believes ， instead， that someone might have a preference or something ﹣ say painting or speaking foreign languages ﹣ but this ability can be improved through （3） practice or training ．‎ It's almost impossible to think rationally （理性地） while shouting at yourself ， "I'm a failure" ． But when you （4） your thinking ， you will probably see what you can control ﹣ your behavior ， your planning ， your reactions ﹣ and change them．‎ The primary （5） between successful people and unsuccessful people is that the successful people fail more ． If you see failure as a monster approaching you ， take another look．‎ Success is as scary as failure ． Researchers report that satisfaction grows on challenges． Think about it ﹣ a computer game you can always win is boring ； one you can win （6） ， and with considerable effort ， is fun． In pursuit of success， failure exposes areas that you need to（7） ． So the failure serves as a brick wall to test how you apply yourself to （8） your objectives and how much you want them ．‎ There is a way to distinguish whether a failure （9） you to double down or walk 第 5 页（共 45 页）‎ away， says Halvorson． If ， when things get rough ， you remain fascinated by your goal ，‎ you should keep going ． If what you're doing is costing you too much time and energy or it's not bringing you joy ， you should give second thought to the（10） of your goal and even set a new one．‎ III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections ： For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A ， B， C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that fits the context.‎ ‎16．（15 分）This article is for all of the teenagers out there ． Even though （1） you are years from being fully grown ， society regularly expects you to adult ． Yes， you are （ 2）‎ in many ways ； many of you drive and do so quite safely ， and you handle schedules that would （3） many adults． But you probably cannot process caffeine （咖啡因） as constantly as your parents can because of your still﹣growing bodies and brains ．‎ I understand it feels grown﹣up to be drinking a cup of Starbucks ． But all of this caffeine may worsen your anxiety ， affect tonight's sleep and tomorrow's school performance ， （ 4）‎ nutrient absorption and even cause real trouble when mixed with alcohol ． The following four aspects may well （5） the theme of this article ．‎ The power of caffeine Caffeine is widely considered a drug that is socially acceptable ， universally used ， even cool， but it still causes （6） symptoms such as headaches， fatigue and a lack of attention when removed from coffee﹣addicts' diets．‎ How much is healthy ？‎ Caffeine is by no means a nutrient ； you do not need it to be healthy ． （7） ，‎ it is a substance that can leave you lacking nutrients because it has been shown to reduce calcium（ 钙）． Caffeine probable causes the body to release water．And the more caffeinated drinks you consume ， the less likely you are to drink water ． So experts say that adolescents should consume （8） amount of caffeine a day （≤ 100mg）．‎ Caffeine's （9） ．‎ According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ， about 65percent of middle and higher schoolers are（10） to insufficient sleep on school nights ． Some of their sleep problems can be mainly attributed to （ 归因于） caffeine， which can remain in the body 第 6 页（共45 页）‎ for seven hours after（11） ，thus causing teens worse performance the next day． It is widely assumed that adequate sleep （ 12 ） proper growth and brain development． During childhood and adolescence， the brain goes through a period called synaptic pruning （ 突触修剪） when unnecessary connections are promoted．‎ Caffeine labelling Caffeine is not listed on the Nutrition Facts column on food labels because it is not a ‎（13） ． It may be listed as an ingredient ， but the amount is not required ． Caffeine is now added to foods such as gum， candy and water， along with makeup and beauty products that（14） to reduce swelling （肿块）‎ Taste preferences and eating habits are often cultivated in childhood and adolescence， so teens， when you consume sweet， caffeinated drinks every time you feel sluggish （无精打 采的， you are creating a pattern that may be hard to break as an adult．It is advisable to come up with other （15） ways to boost energy so that you can master adulting better than many adults．‎ ‎（1）A． potentially B． necessarily C． developmentally D． materially ‎（2）A． mature B． experienced C． productive D． disciplined ‎（3）A． delight B． frustrate C． liberate D． exclude ‎（4）A． promote B． assist C． intensify D． discourage ‎（5）A． call for B． account for C． turn to D． appeal to ‎（6）A． withdrawal B． addiction C． nutrition D． infection ‎（7）A． Therefore B． Instead C． Moreover D． Otherwise ‎（8）A． initial B． sufficient C． moderate D． stable ‎（9）A． reputations B． confirmations C． implications D． disadvantages ‎（10）A． subjected B． alerted C． reduced D． opposed ‎（11）A ． stimulation B． concentration C． excitement D． consumption ‎（12）A ． results from B． contributes to C． benefits from D． attends to ‎（13）A． therapy B． material C． nutrient D． substitute 第 7 页（共 45 页）‎ ‎（14）A． fail B． appear C． promise D． happen ‎（15）A． instructive B． comprehensive C． extensive D． alternative Section BDirections： Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A ， B，‎ C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.‎ ‎17．（8 分）There aren't many actors around the world who have enough self ﹣confidence to turn down an offer from Steven Spielberg． Maybe that was why Juliette Binoche gave him a choice． She said she'd be happy to be in Jurassic Park as long as she could play a dinosaur． Of course he turned her down and it was probably a good thing ． It's difficult to imagine Juliette ripping people apart with her teeth ． However， her decision doesn't seem to have done her career ． She has gone on to make a string of hits including The Unbearable Lightness of Being ， The English Patient （for which she won an Oscar ） and Chocolat．‎ Success in the United States has not been so easy for other foreign stars． Gerald Depardieu is a good example． Since his first film in 1967 ， his filmography （影片集锦）‎ lists 172 acting credits ．But he has struggled on the other side of the pond ．While some of his films have been popular in the US ， they have usually been French films that travelled ． One possible exception was Green Card， directed by Peter Weir， where he plays a French immigrant who goes through a fake wedding in order to stay and work in the United States． This is a predictable but sweet romantic comedy which typecasts （分配同一类型角 色） its lead actors in terms of national stereotypes ．While some reviewers were kind ，others shredded both the film and Depardieu's performance ．‎ While Monsieur Depardieu hasn't received the recognition he would have liked in the United States， one Mexican actor has achieved almost instant success ． Gael Garcia Bernal first gained recognition in Amores Perros in 2000 and a year later in Ytu mama tambien．Since then he has appeared with hometown hero，Brad Pitt in Babel and ，under the direction of top producer and director ， Jim Jarmusch， he starred in Limits of Control ． He hasn't picked up an Oscar yet ， but he was nominated for a BAFTA （英国电影电视艺术学 院奖）in 2005 for his performance as the South American hero revolutionary Che Guevara ， in 第 8 页（共 45 页）‎ Motorcycle Diaries ． In the same year he played American music icon Elvis Presley in The King ．‎ ‎（1）It can be inferred from the passage that Juliette Binoche ．‎ A ． very much wanted to be in Jurassic Park B． didn't want to be in Jurassic Park C． really wanted to play a dinosaur in Jurassic Park D． was hesitant whether she could play a dinosaur well ‎（2）According to the writer ， Gerald Depardieu's most popular films ．‎ A ． have been made in Hollywood B． have only been seen in Europe C． have been made in France， but seen in other countries， too D．have been made in Hollywood ， but well received in France ‎（3）The last sentence in Para 2 "others shredded both the film and Depardieu's performance"‎ means others thought Depardieu's performance and the film were ．‎ A ． complex B． interesting C． terrible D． impressive ‎（4）The writer's purpose in writing this article is to suggest that ．‎ A ． Foreign actors generally do well in the United States B． American actors are able to earn more money than foreign actors C． Foreign actors are playing an irreplaceable role in the United States D． a successful career in Europe or Latin America doesn't guarantee success in the USA ‎18．（6 分）You are going to read three competitions which offer holidays as prizes ．‎ Competition One clearly CANADA Accommodation for the winner and guest will Vancouver is a stylish ， metropolitan centre be at Shangri﹣La's Pacific Palisades Hotel ，‎ 第 9 页（共 45 页）‎ with the scenic Pacific Ocean at its feet and one of Vancouver's first ﹣class hotels． They impressive coastal mountains behind ． To give will enjoy a luxury executive suite ， with you the chance to experience its delights for stunning views over the harbour ， and use of yourself， Options magazine has teamed up the hotel's health club and pool ． Ten runners ‎﹣up will receive a bottle of ‘Clearly with ‘Clearly Canadian'﹣a blend of native Canadian fruit flavours and sparkling water ﹣ Canadian' and an exclusively designed T﹣‎ to bring you this great competition ． shirt．‎ The lucky prizewinner and guest will enjoy a While in Vancouver ， you will have many fabulous ten﹣day getaway， flying direct to opportunities to sample Canadian city Vancouver with Canadian Airlines ． On life ． Browse in fashionable shops ， linger in board， they will enjoy an in ﹣flight movie sidewalk Caf és or relax on the beach．‎ while sampling a delicious meal served on real Buy this magazine next week and we'll give china． you the competition details ．‎ Competition Two WIN A FABULOUS HOLIDAY FOR TWO!‎ Visit the deserted city of Fatehpur Sikri ． Stand back in amazement as you marvel at the wildlife reserves where you'll see exotic birds and possibly even a tiger! These are just some of the sights you'll experience on the thrilling ten ﹣day ‘Moghul Highlights' holiday ．‎ The holiday begins with a tour of Old Delhi ． Proceeding by road to Agra ， you'll stop on the way to see the Tomb of Akbar ． Moving on to see Agra Fort and the beautiful Taj Mahal on the banks of the Yamuna River ， your group will then explore Akbar's red sandstone city ， Fatehpur Sikri ， built in 1574 ． Lunch will be taken in the Keoladeo National Park at Bharatpur ， a birdwatcher's paradise．‎ This fantastic holiday package includes the return flight from Heathrow to Delhi ，‎ the holiday tour and insurance ． All breakfasts while in India are included but holiday participants will need to buy meals at local restaurants in India ．‎ Competition Three 第 10 页（共 45 页）‎ Win a week of luxury in BUDAPEST The lucky winner and a friend will fly direct to Budapest International Airport and will then be taken to The Palace Hotel， a luxurious hotel set in its own large park on the banks of the river Danube． The Palace Hotel is just two years old ﹣a modern addition to the ancient skyline ．‎ You'll enjoy five nights' bed and breakfast accommodation in a room that overlooks the river Danube，and will be treated to dinner in the Caf é Suisse． We have not ordered lunch for you but it is available in the restaurant ，‎ The week in Budapest can be spent at leisure either relaxing in the hotel and its grounds ， or wandering arcade． Alternatively ， The Palace Hotel has extensive health club facilities ﹣‎ including an indoor pool and a free steam bath ． If you're feeling really energetic ， you could player a game of tennis or jog around the ground on the two ﹣mile landscaped track．‎ To make sure you take in some of the sights of Budapest ， you may wish to book at very reasonable cost a day's sightseeing with President Holidays ．Look at the next page to see what you have to do．‎ ‎（1）Which competition extract （s） describe（s） what will happen on the flight ？‎ A ． Competition One B． Competition Two C． Competition Three D． Competition One and Two ‎（2）Which holiday prize （s） will offer you the chance to stay longer than a week ？‎ A ． Competition One B． Competition Two C． Competition One and Three D． Competition One and Two ‎（3）If you want to exercise during the holiday ， which competition（s）will you take part in ？‎ A ． Competition One B． Competition Two C． Competition One and Three 第 11 页（共 45 页）‎ D．Competition One and Two ‎19．（8 分）The purpose of a map is to express graphically the relations of points and features on the earth's surface to each other ． These are determined by distance and direction ． In early time distance was often expressed in units of time ， for example "so many hours "or " a day's journey" by river" ， but such measurements gave more information in the relative ease of crossing the local terrain than they did about actual distance ． The other element is direction ，‎ but for the ordinary traveler ， whose main concern was "Where do I go from here ？" and ‎"How far away is it ？"， the accurate representation of direction was not of primary importance． Partly for this reason， written itineraries（行程） for a long time rivaled maps． Even today， certain types of maps ，for example ， those showing railway systems ，‎ may make little attempt to show true directions ． Similarly ， obvious landmarks along a route were at first indicated by signs ， realistic or conventional （ 惯常的 ），and varied in size to indicate their importance ． Clearly the conventions employed varied with the purpose of the map， and also from place to place， so that in studying early maps the first essential is to understand the particular convention employed ．‎ The history of cartography（ 制图）is largely that of the increase in the accuracy with which these elements of distance and direction are determined and in the comprehensiveness of the map content． In this development ， cartography has called in other sciences to its aid ． For example， instead of determining direction by observing the position of a shadow at midday ，‎ or of a constellation （星座） in the night sky ， or even of a steady wind ， use was made of terrestrial magnetism（地磁学） through the magnetic compass，and instruments were evolved which enabled horizontal angles to be calculated with great accuracy ．‎ The application of astronomical concepts， and the extension of the knowledge of the world through exploration ，encouraged attempts to map the known world ． Then astronomers discovered that the earth is not a perfect sphere， but is flattened slightly at the poles ， which introduced further refinements into the mapping of large areas ． Meanwhile ， the demands being made of the map maker were shifting significantly ． The traveler or the merchant ceased to be the sole user of maps． The soldier ， especially after the introduction of artillery ， and the problems of range，field of fire ，and dead ground which it raised ，demanded an accurate representation of the surface features， in place of the earlier conventional or pictorial 第 12 页（共 45 页）‎ delineation（描绘），and a solution in any degree satisfactory was not reached until the contour ‎（等高线） was invented．‎ ‎（1）Why might early maps have been misleading ？‎ A ． Distances could not be calculated reliably ．‎ B． They were based on written itineraries ．‎ C． They were drawn by ordinary travelers ．‎ D． Distances tended to be overestimated．‎ ‎（2）What problem did early maps exhibit when showing landmarks ？‎ A ． The signs used bore little relation to the landmarks ．‎ B． The selection of landmarks was faulty ．‎ C． They used symbols that were not standardized ．‎ D． They sometimes included unimportant features ．‎ ‎（3）In the second paragraph， the writer says that made better quality map ﹣making easier．‎ A ． a greater understanding of climatic factor B． greater accuracy in draughtsmanship（绘图术）‎ C． more accuracy in measurement D． more intensive map production ‎（4）What encouraged the search for a more precise means of mapping the physical geography of the landscape？‎ A ． Discovery in astronomy ．‎ B． The growth of mathematical science ．‎ C． The activities of the great explorers ．‎ D． Military considerations ．‎ Section C Directions： Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.‎ ‎20．（8 分）‎ 第 13 页（共 45 页）‎ A．As you walk ， pay close attention to your surroundings ．‎ B． Make a plan to get off campus and explore your surroundings ．‎ C． If you're averaging seven hours or less ， commit to sleeping at least eight hours tonight ．‎ D． If you're feeling stressed or overwhelmed ， don't punish yourself by pushing your mind and body to their limits ．‎ E．A comfortable corner in the library and even an empty classroom are perfect places to relax and recharge．‎ F． Actually ， it is possible to shorten sleep time by up to 1hour without the risk of sleep deprivation （剥夺） if you know how to have high quality sleep ．‎ Self﹣Care Strategies for College Students Most college students don't put self ﹣care at the top of their to do lists ． When you're caught up in the whirlwind （旋风）of classes， extra﹣curricular ， work， friendships， and final exams， it's easy to ignore a task that doesn't come with a deadline （even if that task is simply "taking care of yourself" ）． Embrace the excitement and intensity of college life ， but remember that maintaining your physical ， mental， and emotional health is essential to your success and well ﹣being．（1） Instead， take time out to take care of yourself with some of these self﹣care strategies．‎ Get Away for some Alone Time ． If you live with roommates ， privacy can be hard to come by， so make it your mission to find a peaceful place on campus to call your own． （2） ．‎ Take a Mindful Walk Around Campus． When you're strolling to class， try this mindfulness exercise to center yourself and destress．（3） Feel free to people﹣watch，‎ but pay attention to sensory details too ， like the smell of a nearby barbecue or the sensation of pavement under your shoes． Take note of at least five beautiful or intriguing things you notice along your route ． You might find yourself feeling a little calmer by the time you reach your destination．‎ Stage a Sleep Intervention ． How much sleep do you really get each night？ （4）‎ By doing that ， you'll begin the process of repaying your sleep debt and establishing healthy new sleep habits ． Don't buy into the myth that the less you're sleeping ， the harder you're 第 14 页（共 45 页）‎ working ． Your mind and body need consistent sleep to operate at optimum levels﹣﹣you simply can't do your best work without it ．‎ Download a New Podcast ． Take a break from the books， grab your headphones， and listen to some immersive mysteries ， compelling interviews ， or laugh﹣ out ﹣ loud comedy． There are thousands of podcasts covering almost every subject imaginable， so you're sure to find something that interests you ．‎ IV. Summary WritingDirections ：Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.‎ ‎21．（10 分）‎ Curiosity Is an Increasingly Rare Virtue Most of the breakthrough discoveries and remarkable inventions throughout history ，‎ from flints （打火石） for starting a fire to self ﹣driving cars ， have something in common ：‎ They are the result of curiosity ． But the journalist Ian Leslie ，in his newly ﹣published book Curious： The Desire to Know and Why You Future Depends on It ， insists that curiosity is a much overlooked human virtue ， crucial to our success， and we are losing it ．‎ Leslie presents considerable evidence for the claim that the society as a whole is growing less curious． In the U．S． and Europe， for example ，the rise of the Internet ， among other social and technological changes，has led to a declining consumption of news from outside the reader's borders． Indeed， Google， for which Leslie expresses admiration ， is also his frequent whipping boy（替罪羊） ： we seek only the information we want． But not everything is to be blamed on technology ． The decline in interest in literary fiction is also one of the causes identified by Leslie ．‎ Why is this a problem ？ Because without curiosity we will lose the spirit of innovation and entrepreneurship（企业家精神） ． Worse still ， that lack of curiosity produces a relative lack of knowledge ， and the lack of knowledge is difficult if not impossible to compensate for later on．‎ Fortunately， some strategies can be employed to develop curiosity ： If you just accept the world as it is without trying to dig deeper ，you will certainly lose the ‘holy curiosity' ．Of course， one effective way to dig deeper beneath the surface is asking questions ： What is that ？‎ 第 15 页（共 45 页）‎ Why is it made that way ？ Who invented it ？ How does it work ？⋯ And if you see learning as a burden， there's no way you will want to dig deeper into anything ． That will just make the burden heavier． But if you think of leaning as something fun ， you will naturally want to dig deeper．‎ V. TranslationDirections： Translate the following sentences into English， using the words given in the brackets ‎22．（3 分）他刚要关电脑，就在这时手机响了． （when）‎ ‎23．（4 分）他将代表全班同学在新年晚会上向老师们表示真诚的感谢． （on behalf of ）‎ ‎24．（4 分）我们付出的每一次努力末必都能成功，但是但凡值得我们做的事情都值得做 好．（worth）‎ ‎25．（4 分）不只是一个人的日常言谈举止，就连他目前正在读的那本书都清楚地向我们表 明了他是一个怎样的人． （as well as）‎ VI. Guided Writing ‎26．（25 分） Directions ： Write an English composition in 120﹣150 words according to the instructions given ．‎ 第 16 页（共45 页）‎ ‎2019 年上海市虹口区高考英语一模试卷 参考答案与试题解析 I. Listening ComprehensionSection A （10 分）Directions： In Section A， you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation， a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.‎ After you hear a conversation and the question about it ， read the four possible answers on your paper， and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.‎ ‎1．（1 分）A ． At a kindergarten ．‎ B． In a hospital ．‎ C． At a police station ．‎ D． In a library ．‎ ‎【考点】 15：短对话理解．‎ ‎【分析】 略 ‎【解答】 略 ‎【点评】 略 ‎2．（1 分）A ． A journalist ．‎ B．A tailor ．‎ C． An electrician ．‎ D． An operator ．‎ ‎【考点】 15：短对话理解．‎ ‎【分析】 略 ‎【解答】 略 ‎【点评】 略 ‎3．（1 分）A ． Her glasses are broken．‎ B． She can't see the time on the sign．‎ C． She loses her glasses．‎ D． The museum is out of sight ．‎ ‎【考点】 15：短对话理解．‎ ‎【分析】 略 第 17 页（共 45 页）‎ ‎【解答】 略 ‎【点评】 略 ‎4．（1 分）A ． The kids will enjoy the movie ．‎ B． The movie will be quite boring ．‎ C． The kids will be surprised at the movie ．‎ D． The movie will not be suitable for kids to see ．‎ ‎【考点】 15：短对话理解．‎ ‎【分析】 略 ‎【解答】 略 ‎【点评】 略 ‎5．（1 分）A ． Positive．‎ B． Negative．‎ C． Neutral ．‎ D． Unclear．‎ ‎【考点】 15：短对话理解．‎ ‎【分析】 略 ‎【解答】 略 ‎【点评】 略 ‎6．（1 分）A ． He isn't an experienced skier ．‎ B． He has never been to Central Mountains ．‎ C． He doesn't plan to go skiing during spring break ．‎ D． He doesn't recommend going to Central Mountains ．‎ ‎【考点】 15：短对话理解．‎ ‎【分析】 略 ‎【解答】 略 ‎【点评】 略 ‎7．（1 分）A ． The bad weather stopped him．‎ B． His shoes were worn out ．‎ C． He didn't like hiking trip ．‎ D． He was too exhausted to continue．‎ 第 18 页（共 45 页）‎ ‎【考点】 15：短对话理解．‎ ‎【分析】 略 ‎【解答】 略 ‎【点评】 略 ‎8．（1 分）A ． The woman is afraid of the potential noise ．‎ B． The woman doesn't like living in the suburbs ．‎ C． The woman has sleeping problems．‎ D． The woman will sign the rental contract ．‎ ‎【考点】 15：短对话理解．‎ ‎【分析】 略 ‎【解答】 略 ‎【点评】 略 ‎9．（1 分）A ． Make up for the inconvenience ．‎ B． Arrange accommodation for him ．‎ C． Explain the cause of the cancellation ．‎ D． Allow him to take another flight that night ．‎ ‎【考点】 15：短对话理解．‎ ‎【分析】 略 ‎【解答】 略 ‎【点评】 略 ‎10．（1 分）A ． All work requires high speed ．‎ B． Working too fast may lead to undesirable outcomes ．‎ C． The result may not be as bad as the man has expected．‎ D． You can never lay too much emphasis on the fast speed．‎ ‎【考点】 15：短对话理解．‎ ‎【分析】 略 ‎【解答】 略 ‎【点评】 略 Section BDirection ： In Section B， you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation， and you will be asked several questions on each of the passagesand the 第 19 页（共 45 页）‎ conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice， but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question ， read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.‎ ‎11．（4.5 分）（1）A ． It can work automatically ．‎ B． Its battery can run all night ．‎ C． It can clean the office windows ．‎ D． It cleans as fast as human cleaners．‎ ‎（2）A． To start a robot cleaning company ．‎ B． To develop a better model for the market ．‎ C． To increase the profit of the robotic business ．‎ D． To develop a long ﹣lasting battery for the current model ．‎ ‎（3）A． Its work efficiency ．‎ B． Its appearance．‎ C． Its sense of direction ．‎ D． Its robotic arm ．‎ ‎【考点】 16：长对话理解．‎ ‎【分析】 略 ‎【解答】 略 ‎【点评】 略 ‎12．（4.5 分）（1）A． Encouraging physical activity ．‎ B． Ensuring a healthy lifestyle ．‎ C． Reducing the risk of bone weakening ．‎ D． Protecting them from fatal diseases ．‎ ‎（2）A． Women's change in a day．‎ B． The damage of depression．‎ C． The proper use of certain chemicals ．‎ D． The healthiest place in the office ．‎ ‎（3）A． Whether it is a useful item ．‎ B． Whether it is to receivers' taste ．‎ C． Whether it is a general gift ．‎ 第 20 页（共 45 页）‎ D． Whether it is at a reasonable price ．‎ ‎【考点】 16：长对话理解．‎ ‎【分析】 略 ‎【解答】 略 ‎【点评】 略 ‎13．（6 分）（1）A． Fill in an application form ．‎ B． Send in an application letter ．‎ C． Make an appointment for an interview ．‎ D． Make a brief self ﹣introduction on the phone ．‎ ‎（2）A． Someone having a college degree in advertising ．‎ B． Someone experienced in business management．‎ C． Someone ready to take on more responsibilities ．‎ D． Someone willing to work beyond regular hours ．‎ ‎（3）A． Travel opportunities B． Decent pay．‎ C． Prospects for promotion D． Flexible working hours ．‎ ‎（4）A． It is to be negotiated ．‎ B． It is about 500 pounds a week ．‎ C． It depends on the working hours ．‎ D． It will be set by the Human Resource ．‎ ‎【考点】 16：长对话理解．‎ ‎【分析】 略 ‎【解答】 略 ‎【点评】 略 II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections ： After reading the passage below， fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word， fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word ； for the other blanks，‎ use one word that best fits each blank.‎ ‎14．（10 分）Dear headmaster，‎ 第 21 页（共 45 页）‎ On hearing the news that a Reading Festival is to be held on campus on the World Book and Copyright Day and the possible project is open to be recommended， I （1） can hardly wait to write to you ， sharing my humble opinions ．‎ As far as I'm concerned ， the theme of the festival can be "sharing" ， primarily （2）‎ consisting （consist） of three parts． Firstly ， the festival can start with a 30﹣minute discussion where groups of students can exchange and share what they （3） are exposed ‎（expose）to recently ， expressing themselves freely ． Following this section is the speech． Teacher and student representatives previously selected by us are to share and recommend the book they think really deserving to be read ． It's needless to say that the last sharing section which is the most meaningful is donation， during （4） which time everyone present， teachers or students， is expected to donate one or more books to the library ． As for when （5） to hold （hold） the activity ， the afternoon may be an ideal choice so that it won't interrupt our classes ．‎ My advice is justified by the following reasons ． First and foremost ， it is in the group discussion and exchange that we students can have a thorough idea（6） that our peers are reading for the moment ，serving as a driving force for our own reading journey ．So it is （7）‎ what the books recommended． Named by those "idols" in our mind ， they will definitely win our heart ． As for the donation ， the benefits are exactly self﹣evident．（8） Not only can we share beyond our class or even beyond our school， developing a good campus tradition ， but （9） more importantly （importantly ）， these books which are sure to be dusted on our shelves can now be of more value．‎ I'm looking forward to your favorable reply ． And （10） it is my sincere hope that the festival can be a great success and we can gain a lot from it ．‎ Yours，‎ Amy Young ‎【考点】 N7：综合填空．‎ ‎【分析】 这是艾米给校长的一封信，谈论了对在世界图书和版权日在校园内举办阅读节 的建议．包括节日的主题可以是 "分享 "以及主要包括的三个部分．‎ ‎【解答】1．can．考查固定短语． 表示" 迫不及待做某事 "，用固定短语 can hardly wait to do sth，根据上文可知用一般现在时态，所以用 can．‎ 第 22 页（共 45 页）‎ ‎2．consisting．考查非谓语动词．做 "sharing" 的定语，用现在分词 短语 consisting of ，表 示主动关系， "由⋯ 组成 "．故填 consisting．‎ ‎3．are exposed．考查谓语动词． 本句表示 "学生们可以交流和分享他们最近接触的东西 "，‎ 所以和主语 they 一致，谓语动词用 are exposed ，和 to 构成固定短语，表示 "接触 "．故 填 are exposed．‎ ‎4． which ．考查定语从句．修饰先行词 donation， 在介词 during 后， 用关系词 which 做定语从句 time everyone present， teachers or students， is expected to donate one or more books to the library 的定语．故填 which ．‎ ‎5．．to hold．考查非谓语动词．和疑问词 when 连用，用动词不定式 to hold，表示 "什么 时候举行" ．故填 to hold．‎ ‎6．that．考查同位语从句．修饰名词 a thorough idea ，用 that 引导结构和含义完整的同 位语从句 our peers are reading for the moment， serving as a driving force for our own reading journey ．故填 that．‎ ‎7． what．考查表语从句． 表语从句 the books recommended 缺少宾语，所以用引导词 what．‎ ‎8． Not only ．考查固定短语．和 but 连用，表示 "不但⋯ 而且 "，用 Not only 引导倒装句 can we share beyond our class or even beyond our school， developing a good campus tradition ．故填 Not only ．‎ ‎9． more importantly ．考查比较级．和上句比较，用比较级 more importantly ，表示 "更 重要的是 " ．故填 more importantly ．‎ ‎10．it．考查固定句式． 做形式主语， 用 it ，代指从句 that the festival can be a great success and we can gain a lot from ．故填 it．‎ ‎【点评】语法填空的解题方法 ‎1．有提示词填空的解题技巧 ‎① 给出的提示词是名词： 要考虑是否填名词的复数形式以及该名词的形容词、 副词形式．‎ ‎② 给出的提示词是动词：要认真分析句子的结构，理解句子的意思．‎ a． 如果填空处是谓语，要考虑时态、语态和动词的第三人称单数；‎ b． 如果填空处是非谓语， 根据对句子成分的分析和对语境的理解， 要考虑填 to do、doing 还是 done，同时，也要考虑该动作发生时间的先后以及与主语的关系（是主动关系还是 被动关系），并填写相应的形式；‎ c． 在平时的模拟题中，有时还要根据句意填写该动词的名词形式，甚至是形容词或者 第 23 页（共45 页）‎ 副词形式．‎ ‎③ 给出的提示词是形容词：一般要考虑其副词形式以及比较级和最高级形式，同时还要 关注是否要加表示否定或其它意义的前缀、后缀．‎ ‎2． 无提示词填空的解题技巧 按照考纲要求，无提示填空最多填 3 个单词，一般是填 1 个单词的，高考中考查的角度 主要有：‎ ‎① 代词：这类设空比较少，通常是根据句子意思填一个与语境相关的代词（通常是指示 代词），这就要同学们认真体会句子意思了，在没有头绪时大胆猜想是否是填代词；‎ ‎② 冠词：如果设空处后面是名词，那么可以考虑是否要填冠词，再根据句子意思分析是 特指还是泛指，并填上合适的冠词，当然，在一些固定搭配中也会涉及冠词，这就要同 学们做好积累了；‎ Section BDirections： Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.‎ ‎15．（10 分）‎ A． deliberate B． distinction C． polish D． credit E． dependent F． occasionally G． feasibility H． shift I． fulfilling J． signals K． continuously Overcoming Obstacles ： How Your Biggest Failure Can Lead to Your Success There's been a lot written on the theme of failure and how essential it is to success ． In a world where（1） D． credit is given for people's accomplishments， failing feels dangerous． The fear of failure can stop people taking disks that might lead to success ．‎ Heidi Grant Halvorson ， a psychologist ， points out much of success is （2 ）‎ E． dependent not on talent but on learning from your mistakes ．‎ About half of the people in the world hold that ability in an area ﹣﹣﹣ be it creative or social skill ﹣﹣﹣ is natural． To other half believes ， instead， that someone might have a preference or something ﹣ say painting or speaking foreign languages ﹣ but this ability can be improved through （3） A． deliberate practice or training ．‎ It's almost impossible to think rationally （理性地） while shouting at yourself ， "I'm a failure" ． But when you（4） H． shift your thinking ， you will probably see what you 第 24 页（共 45 页）‎ can control ﹣ your behavior ， your planning ， your reactions ﹣ and change them．‎ The primary （5） B．distinction between successful people and unsuccessful people is that the successful people fail more ． If you see failure as a monster approaching you ， take another look．‎ Success is as scary as failure ． Researchers report that satisfaction grows on challenges． Think about it ﹣ a computer game you can always win is boring ； one you can win （6） F．occasionally ，and with considerable effort ，is fun ．In pursuit of success，‎ failure exposes areas that you need to（7） C．polish ．So the failure serves as a brick wall to test how you apply yourself to （8） I． fulfil your objectives and how much you want them．‎ There is a way to distinguish whether a failure （9） J． signals you to double down or walk away ， says Halvorson． If ， when things get rough， you remain fascinated by your goal， you should keep going ． If what you're doing is costing you too much time and energy or it's not bringing you joy ， you should give second thought to the （10） G． feasibility of your goal and even set a new one．‎ ‎【考点】 N8：选词填空．‎ ‎【分析】 本文主要讲述了失败对成功有重大的积极促进作用．‎ ‎【解答】 答案： 1﹣5DEAHB6 ﹣10FCIJG ‎1．D．考查名词．根据句意可知，在一个以成就为荣的世界里，失败是危险的．由此可 见， credit 荣誉，故选 D．‎ ‎2．E．考查形容词．根据句意可知，心理学家海蒂 ?格兰特 ?哈沃森指出，成功的很大一 部分不是取决于天赋，而是取决于从错误中吸取教训． dependent 独立的，故选 E．‎ ‎3．A．考查形容词．根据句意可知，另一半的人则认为，有人可能有某种偏好或某种东 西﹣ ﹣ 比如 说 绘 画或 说外 语 ﹣ ﹣但 这 种能 力 可 以通 过 刻意 的 练习 或 培训 来 提 高．deliberate 故意的，故选 A．‎ ‎4．H．考查动词．根据句意可知，但是当你改变你的想法时，你可能会看到你能控制的 ‎﹣﹣你的行为，你的计划，你的反应﹣﹣并改变它们． shift 改变，故选 H．‎ ‎5．B．考查名词．根据句意可知，成功者和不成功者的主要区别在于成功者失败更 多．distinction 区别，故选 B．‎ ‎6．F．考查副词．根据句意可知，一个你可以偶尔赢，并付出相当大的努力，是有趣 第 25 页（共 45 页）‎ 的．occasionally 偶尔，故选 F．‎ ‎7．C．考查动词．根据句意可知，在追求成功的过程中，失败会暴露出你需要打磨的地 方． polish 打磨，故选 C．‎ ‎8．I．考查动词．根据句意可知，因此，失败就像一堵砖墙，用来测试你如何运用自己 来实现你的目标，以及你有多想要这些目标． fulfil 实现，故选 I．‎ ‎9．J．考查动词．根据句意可知， Halvorson 说，有一种方法可以区分故障是否意味着你 要加倍努力或走开． signals 示意，故选 J．‎ ‎10．G．考查名词．根据句意可知，如果你正在做的事情花费了你太多的时间和精力，或 者它没有给你带来快乐，你应该重新考虑你目标的可行性，甚至设定一个新的目 标．feasibility 可行性，故选 G．‎ ‎【点评】 根据选项词语，分析文章内容，结合词语意义、语法和固定搭配等方面，最后 得出最佳答案．‎ III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections ： For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A ，B，C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that fits the context.‎ ‎16．（15 分）This article is for all of the teenagers out there ． Even though （1） C you are years from being fully grown ， society regularly expects you to adult ． Yes， you are （2）‎ A in many ways ；many of you drive and do so quite safely ，and you handle schedules that would （3） B many adults． But you probably cannot process caffeine （咖啡因） as constantly as your parents can because of your still ﹣growing bodies and brains ．‎ I understand it feels grown ﹣up to be drinking a cup of Starbucks ． But all of this caffeine may worsen your anxiety ， affect tonight's sleep and tomorrow's school performance ， （4）‎ D nutrient absorption and even cause real trouble when mixed with alcohol ． The following four aspects may well （5） B the theme of this article ．‎ The power of caffeine Caffeine is widely considered a drug that is socially acceptable ， universally used ， even cool， but it still causes （6） A symptoms such as headaches， fatigue and a lack of attention when removed from coffee ﹣addicts' diets．‎ How much is healthy ？‎ Caffeine is by no means a nutrient ； you do not need it to be healthy ． （7） B ， it 第 26 页（共 45 页）‎ is a substance that can leave you lacking nutrients because it has been shown to reduce calcium ‎（钙）． Caffeine probable causes the body to release water． And the more caffeinated drinks you consume， the less likely you are to drink water ． So experts say that adolescents should consume （ 8） C amount of caffeine a day （≤ 100mg）．‎ Caffeine's （9） D ．‎ According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ， about 65percent of middle and higher schoolers are（10） A to insufficient sleep on school nights ． Some of their sleep problems can be mainly attributed to （归因于） caffeine， which can remain in the body for seven hours afte（r 11） D ，thus causing teens worse performance the next day． It is widely assumed that adequate sleep（ 12） B proper growth and brain development． During childhood and adolescence， the brain goes through a period called synaptic pruning （ 突触 修剪） when unnecessary connections are promoted．‎ Caffeine labelling Caffeine is not listed on the Nutrition Facts column on food labels because it is not a （13）‎ C ． It may be listed as an ingredient ， but the amount is not required ． Caffeine is now added to foods such as gum， candy and water， along with makeup and beauty products that ‎（14） C to reduce swelling （肿块）‎ Taste preferences and eating habits are often cultivated in childhood and adolescence， so teens， when you consume sweet， caffeinated drinks every time you feel sluggish （无精打 采的， you are creating a pattern that may be hard to break as an adult． It is advisable to come up with other（ 15） D ways to boost energy so that you can master adulting better than many adults．‎ ‎（1）A． potentially B． necessarily C． developmentally D． materially ‎（2）A． mature B． experienced C． productive D． disciplined ‎（3）A． delight B． frustrate C． liberate D． exclude ‎（4）A． promote B． assist C． intensify D． discourage ‎（5）A． call for B． account for C． turn to D． appeal to ‎（6）A． withdrawal B． addiction C． nutrition D． infection 第 27 页（共45 页）‎ ‎（7）A． Therefore B． Instead C． Moreover D． Otherwise ‎（8）A． initial B． sufficient C． moderate D． stable ‎（9）A． reputations B． confirmations C． implications D． disadvantages ‎（10）A． subjected B． alerted C． reduced D． opposed ‎（11）A ． stimulation B． concentration C． excitement D． consumption ‎（12）A ． results from B． contributes to C． benefits from D． attends to ‎（13）A． therapy B． material C． nutrient D． substitute ‎（14）A． fail B． appear C． promise D． happen ‎（15）A． instructive B． comprehensive C． extensive D． alternative ‎【考点】 M7 ：广告布告类阅读．‎ ‎【分析】 本文讲述的是日益严重的青少年失眠问题，大多数人选择喝咖啡，导致青少年 失眠问题越来越严重．‎ ‎【解答】 CABDB ABCDA DBCCD ‎（1）C．副词词意辨析题． A ．potentially 可能 B．necessarily 必要 C． developmentally 发育 D． materially 实质．尽管你在发育上还需要几年才能完全成熟，但社会通常期 望你成年．故选 C．‎ ‎（2）A ．形容词词意辨析题． A ．mature 成熟的 B． experienced 熟练的 C． productive 生产的 D． disciplined 守纪律．你在很多方面都很成熟．故选 A．‎ ‎（3）B．形容词词意辨析题． A ． delight 高兴 B． frustrate 挫败 C． liberate 解放 D． exclude 排除．你处理的日程安排，会让很多成年人感到沮丧．‎ ‎（4）D．动词词意辨析题． A ． promote 促进 B． assist 帮助 C． intensify 增强 D． discourage 阻止．但所有这些咖啡因可能会加重你的焦虑，影响你今晚的睡眠和明 天的学习成绩，阻碍你吸收营养．故选 D．‎ ‎（5）B．词组词意辨析题． A ． call for 要求 B． account for 说明 C． turn to 变成 D． appeal to 呼吁．以下四个方面可以很好地解释本文的主题．故选 B．‎ ‎（6）A．名词词意辨析题． A． withdrawal 撤退 B． addiction 上瘾 C． nutrition 营 养 D． infection 感染．咖啡因被广泛认为是一种为社会所接受、普遍使用、甚至很酷的 药物， 但它仍然会导致一些症状， 比如头痛、 疲劳， 以及从咖啡成瘾者的饮食中去除后，‎ 第 28 页（共 45 页）‎ 会注意力不集中．故选 A．‎ ‎（7）B．副词词意辨析题． A． Therefore 所以 B． Instead 代替 C． Moreover 而且 D． Otherwise 否则．咖啡因绝不是一种营养物质．相反，它是一种物质，可以让你缺乏 营养，因为它已经被证明可以减少钙．故选 B．‎ ‎（8）C．形容词词意辨析题． A ． initial 最初的 B． sufficient 足够的 C． moderate 适 度 D． stable．所以专家说青少年应该每天摄入适量的咖啡因．故选 C．‎ ‎（9）D．名词词意辨析题． A ． reputations 名声 B． confirmations 确认 C． implications 暗示 D． disadvantages 缺点．根据后文内容 "Some of their sleep problems can be mainly attributed to （归因于） caffeine"可知，此处讲述的是咖啡因的缺点， 会导致睡眠不足． 故 选 D．‎ ‎（10）A．动词词意辨析题． A ． subjected 遭受 B． alerted 警告 C． reduced 减少 D． opposed 反对．据美国疾病控制与预防中心统计．约 65%的初中生和高中生在校期 间晚上睡眠不足．故选 A．‎ ‎（11）D．名词词意辨析题． A． stimulation 刺激 B． concentration 浓度 C． excitement 兴奋 D． consumption 摄入．他们的一些睡眠问题主要是由于咖啡因，咖啡因在摄入后 会在体内停留 7 个小时，从而导致青少年第二天的表现更差．故选 D．‎ ‎（12）B．词组词意辨析题． A． results from 结果 B． contributes to 有助于 C． benefits from 受益于 D． attends to 参加．人们普遍认为充足的睡眠有助于大脑的正常发育．故 选 B．‎ ‎（13）C．形容词词意辨析题． A． therapy 治疗 B． material 材料 C． nutrient 营养 D． substitute 代替．咖啡因没有列在食品标签上的营养成分栏上，因为它不是一种营养 素．故选 C．‎ ‎（14）C．动词词意辨析题． A ．fail 不及格 B．appear 出现 C．promise 允诺 D．happen 发生．咖啡因现在被添加到食物中，如口香糖，糖果和水，以及化妆品和美容产品，承 诺消费者能够减少肿胀．故选 C．‎ ‎（15）D ．名词词意辨析题． A ． instructive 有益的 B ． comprehensive 综合的 C． extensive 广泛的 D． alternative 可替代的．想出其他增加能量的替代方法，这样 你就能比许多成年人更好地拥有精力．故选 D．‎ ‎【点评】 完型填空题的命题趋势 解题步骤：‎ 第 29 页（共 45 页）‎ ‎1．通读全文，理解大意．重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理 解文章大意，这是解题的基础．‎ ‎2．瞻前顾后，避难就易．在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先 易后难的原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题．对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中 难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出 了另一空后会令你豁然开朗．‎ ‎3．复读全文，解决残敌．借助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解 决所遗留的少数疑难问题．‎ ‎4．再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，‎ 确保全文文意连贯．‎ Section BDirections： Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A ， B，‎ C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.‎ ‎17．（8 分）There aren't many actors around the world who have enough self ﹣confidence to turn down an offer from Steven Spielberg． Maybe that was why Juliette Binoche gave him a choice． She said she'd be happy to be in Jurassic Park as long as she could play a dinosaur． Of course he turned her down and it was probably a good thing ． It's difficult to imagine Juliette ripping people apart with her teeth ． However， her decision doesn't seem to have done her career ． She has gone on to make a string of hits including The Unbearable Lightness of Being ， The English Patient （for which she won an Oscar ） and Chocolat．‎ Success in the United States has not been so easy for other foreign stars． Gerald Depardieu is a good example． Since his first film in 1967 ， his filmography （影片集锦）‎ lists 172 acting credits ．But he has struggled on the other side of the pond ．While some of his films have been popular in the US ， they have usually been French films that travelled ． One possible exception was Green Card， directed by Peter Weir， where he plays a French immigrant who goes through a fake wedding in order to stay and work in the United States． This is a predictable but sweet romantic comedy which typecasts （分配同一类型角 色） its lead actors in terms of national stereotypes ．While some reviewers were kind ，others shredded both the film and Depardieu's performance ．‎ 第 30 页（共 45 页）‎ While Monsieur Depardieu hasn't received the recognition he would have liked in the United States， one Mexican actor has achieved almost instant success ． Gael Garcia Bernal first gained recognition in Amores Perros in 2000 and a year later in Ytu mama tambien．Since then he has appeared with hometown hero，Brad Pitt in Babel and ，under the direction of top producer and director ， Jim Jarmusch， he starred in Limits of Control ． He hasn't picked up an Oscar yet ， but he was nominated for a BAFTA （英国电影电视艺术学 院奖）in 2005 for his performance as the South American hero revolutionary Che Guevara ， in Motorcycle Diaries ． In the same year he played American music icon Elvis Presley in The King ．‎ ‎（1）It can be inferred from the passage that Juliette Binoche B ．‎ A ． very much wanted to be in Jurassic Park B． didn't want to be in Jurassic Park C． really wanted to play a dinosaur in Jurassic Park D． was hesitant whether she could play a dinosaur well ‎（2）According to the writer ， Gerald Depardieu's most popular films C ．‎ A ． have been made in Hollywood B． have only been seen in Europe C． have been made in France， but seen in other countries， too D．have been made in Hollywood ， but well received in France ‎（3）The last sentence in Para 2 "others shredded both the film and Depardieu's performance"‎ means others thought Depardieu's performance and the film were C ．‎ A ． complex B． interesting C． terrible D． impressive ‎（4）The writer's purpose in writing this article is to suggest that D ．‎ A ． Foreign actors generally do well in the United States B． American actors are able to earn more money than foreign actors C． Foreign actors are playing an irreplaceable role in the United States 第 31 页（共 45 页）‎ D． a successful career in Europe or Latin America doesn't guarantee success in the USA ‎【考点】 O6：社会文化类阅读．‎ ‎【分析】 本文是一篇社会文化类阅读，主要介绍了演员在美国成功并不容易的例子，其 目的是为了表明在欧洲或拉丁美洲的成功作品并不能保证在美国取得成功．‎ ‎【解答】1．B．推理判断题． 根据第一段 She said she'd be happy to be in Jurassic Park as long as she could play a dinosaur．可以推测出，朱丽叶 ?比诺什不想出演侏罗纪公园．故选 B．‎ ‎2．C．细节理解题． 根据第二段 While some of his films have been popular in the US ， they have usually been French films that travelled ．可知，杰拉尔德 ?德帕迪约（Gerald Depardieu ）‎ 最受欢迎的电影是在法国制作的，但也可以在其他国家观看．故选 C．‎ ‎3．C．句意理解题． 根据上下文内容可知， While some reviewers were kind ，others shredded both the film and Depardieu's performance ．句意为虽然一些评论家很善良，但其他评论家 对电影和德帕迪约的表现都进行了抨击． 故意为其他人认为 Depardieu 的表演和电影都很 糟糕．故选 C．‎ ‎4．D．推理判断题．阅读全文，根据文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了演员在美国成功并 不容易的例子，其目的是为了表明在欧洲或拉丁美洲的成功作品并不能保证在美国取得 成功．故选 D．‎ ‎【点评】 做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针 对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住 关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案， 切忌胡乱猜测， 一定要做到有理有据．‎ ‎18．（6 分）You are going to read three competitions which offer holidays as prizes ．‎ Competition One clearly CANADA Accommodation for the winner and guest will Vancouver is a stylish ， metropolitan centre be at Shangri﹣La's Pacific Palisades Hotel ，‎ with the scenic Pacific Ocean at its feet and one of Vancouver's first ﹣class hotels． They impressive coastal mountains behind ． To give will enjoy a luxury executive suite ， with you the chance to experience its delights for stunning views over the harbour ， and use of yourself， Options magazine has teamed up the hotel's health club and pool ． Ten runners ‎﹣up will receive a bottle of ‘Clearly with ‘Clearly Canadian'﹣a blend of native 第 32 页（共 45 页）‎ Canadian fruit flavours and sparkling water ﹣ Canadian' and an exclusively designed T﹣‎ to bring you this great competition ． shirt．‎ The lucky prizewinner and guest will enjoy a While in Vancouver ， you will have many fabulous ten﹣day getaway， flying direct to opportunities to sample Canadian city Vancouver with Canadian Airlines ． On life ． Browse in fashionable shops ， linger in board， they will enjoy an in ﹣flight movie sidewalk Caf és or relax on the beach．‎ while sampling a delicious meal served on real Buy this magazine next week and we'll give china． you the competition details ．‎ Competition Two WIN A FABULOUS HOLIDAY FOR TWO!‎ Visit the deserted city of Fatehpur Sikri ． Stand back in amazement as you marvel at the wildlife reserves where you'll see exotic birds and possibly even a tiger! These are just some of the sights you'll experience on the thrilling ten ﹣day ‘Moghul Highlights' holiday ．‎ The holiday begins with a tour of Old Delhi ． Proceeding by road to Agra ， you'll stop on the way to see the Tomb of Akbar ． Moving on to see Agra Fort and the beautiful Taj Mahal on the banks of the Yamuna River ， your group will then explore Akbar's red sandstone city ， Fatehpur Sikri ， built in 1574 ． Lunch will be taken in the Keoladeo National Park at Bharatpur ， a birdwatcher's paradise．‎ This fantastic holiday package includes the return flight from Heathrow to Delhi ，‎ the holiday tour and insurance ． All breakfasts while in India are included but holiday participants will need to buy meals at local restaurants in India ．‎ Competition Three Win a week of luxury in BUDAPEST The lucky winner and a friend will fly direct to Budapest International Airport and will then be taken to The Palace Hotel， a luxurious hotel set in its own large park on the banks of the river Danube． The Palace Hotel is just two years old ﹣a modern addition to the ancient skyline ．‎ 第 33 页（共 45 页）‎ You'll enjoy five nights' bed and breakfast accommodation in a room that overlooks the river Danube，and will be treated to dinner in the Caf é Suisse． We have not ordered lunch for you but it is available in the restaurant ，‎ The week in Budapest can be spent at leisure either relaxing in the hotel and its grounds ， or wandering arcade． Alternatively ， The Palace Hotel has extensive health club facilities ﹣‎ including an indoor pool and a free steam bath ． If you're feeling really energetic ， you could player a game of tennis or jog around the ground on the two ﹣mile landscaped track．‎ To make sure you take in some of the sights of Budapest ， you may wish to book at very reasonable cost a day's sightseeing with President Holidays ．Look at the next page to see what you have to do．‎ ‎（1）Which competition extract （s） describe（s） what will happen on the flight ？ A A ． Competition One B． Competition Two C． Competition Three D． Competition One and Two ‎（2）Which holiday prize （s） will offer you the chance to stay longer than a week ？ D A ． Competition One B． Competition Two C． Competition One and Three D． Competition One and Two ‎（3）If you want to exercise during the holiday ， which competition（s）will you take part in ？‎ C A ． Competition One B． Competition Two C． Competition One and Three D．Competition One and Two ‎【考点】 O3：广告布告类阅读．‎ ‎【分析】 文章介绍三个提供假期作为奖品的比赛，包括比赛的内容．‎ ‎【解答】1．A．细节理解题． 根据 Competition One 中的信息 On board， they will enjoy an 第 34 页（共 45 页）‎ in﹣flight movie while sampling a delicious meal served on real china ．可知，在 Competition one 中详细的描述了航班中的信息．故选 A．‎ ‎2．D．细节理解题．根据 Competition One 中的信息 The lucky prizewinner and guest will enjoy a fabulous ten ﹣day getaway 和 Competition two 中的信息 These are just some of the sights you'll experience on the thrilling ten ﹣day ‘Moghul Highlights' holiday ．可知，第一 和第二个比赛提供超过一周的假期．故选 D．‎ ‎3．C．细节理解题． 根据 Competition One 中的信息 They will enjoy a luxury executive suite ，‎ with stunning views over the harbour， and use of the hotel's health club and pool．和 Competition three 中的信息 Alternatively ， The Palace Hotel has extensive health club facilities ﹣including an indoor pool and a free steam bath ．可知，第一和第二个比赛可以锻 炼身体．故选 C．‎ ‎【点评】 考查细节理解题和推理判断题．在做细节理解题时，首先根据题目要求迅速在 文章里找出相应的段落、句子或短语．认真比较选项和文中细节的区别，在做推理判断 题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实， 要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．‎ ‎19．（8 分）The purpose of a map is to express graphically the relations of points and features on the earth's surface to each other ． These are determined by distance and direction ． In early time distance was often expressed in units of time ， for example "so many hours "or " a day's journey" by river" ， but such measurements gave more information in the relative ease of crossing the local terrain than they did about actual distance ． The other element is direction ，‎ but for the ordinary traveler ， whose main concern was "Where do I go from here ？" and ‎"How far away is it ？"， the accurate representation of direction was not of primary importance． Partly for this reason， written itineraries（行程） for a long time rivaled maps． Even today， certain types of maps ，for example ， those showing railway systems ，‎ may make little attempt to show true directions ． Similarly ， obvious landmarks along a route were at first indicated by signs ， realistic or conventional （ 惯常的 ），and varied in size to indicate their importance ． Clearly the conventions employed varied with the purpose of the map， and also from place to place， so that in studying early maps the first essential is to understand the particular convention employed ．‎ The history of cartography（ 制图）is largely that of the increase in the accuracy with which these elements of distance and direction are determined and in the comprehensiveness of the 第 35 页（共 45 页）‎ map content． In this development ， cartography has called in other sciences to its aid ． For example， instead of determining direction by observing the position of a shadow at midday ，‎ or of a constellation （星座） in the night sky ， or even of a steady wind ， use was made of terrestrial magnetism（地磁学） through the magnetic compass，and instruments were evolved which enabled horizontal angles to be calculated with great accuracy ．‎ The application of astronomical concepts， and the extension of the knowledge of the world through exploration ，encouraged attempts to map the known world ． Then astronomers discovered that the earth is not a perfect sphere， but is flattened slightly at the poles ， which introduced further refinements into the mapping of large areas ． Meanwhile ， the demands being made of the map maker were shifting significantly ． The traveler or the merchant ceased to be the sole user of maps． The soldier ， especially after the introduction of artillery ， and the problems of range，field of fire ，and dead ground which it raised ，demanded an accurate representation of the surface features， in place of the earlier conventional or pictorial delineation（描绘），and a solution in any degree satisfactory was not reached until the contour ‎（等高线） was invented．‎ ‎（1）Why might early maps have been misleading ？ A A ． Distances could not be calculated reliably ．‎ B． They were based on written itineraries ．‎ C． They were drawn by ordinary travelers ．‎ D． Distances tended to be overestimated．‎ ‎（2）What problem did early maps exhibit when showing landmarks ？ C A ． The signs used bore little relation to the landmarks ．‎ B． The selection of landmarks was faulty ．‎ C． They used symbols that were not standardized ．‎ D． They sometimes included unimportant features ．‎ ‎（3）In the second paragraph， the writer says that C made better quality map ﹣making easier．‎ A ． a greater understanding of climatic factor B． greater accuracy in draughtsmanship（绘图术）‎ 第 36 页（共 45 页）‎ C． more accuracy in measurement D． more intensive map production ‎（4）What encouraged the search for a more precise means of mapping the physical geography of the landscape？ D A ． Discovery in astronomy ．‎ B． The growth of mathematical science ．‎ C． The activities of the great explorers ．‎ D． Military considerations ．‎ ‎【考点】 O5：科教类阅读．‎ ‎【分析】 本文是一篇科教类阅读，属于说明文，主要介绍了地图的来源以及发展．‎ ‎【解答】 1．A．推理判断题．根据第一段 for example "so many hours "or " a day's journey"‎ by river" ， but such measurements gave more information in the relative ease of crossing the local terrain than they did about actual distance 可以推测出，早期地图会产生误导，距离无 法可靠计算．故选 A ．‎ ‎2．C．细节理解题． 根据第一段 Clearly the conventions employed varied with the purpose of the map， and also from place to place， so that in studying early maps the first essential is to understand the particular convention employed ．可知，早期地图在展示地标时，使用了 非标准化的符号．故选 C．‎ ‎3．C．细节理解题． 根据第二段 The history of cartography（ 制图）is largely that of the increase in the accuracy with which these elements of distance and direction are determined and in the comprehensiveness of the map content．可知，更准确的测量使更高的质量地图制作更容 易．故选 C．‎ ‎4．D．细节理解题． 根据最后一段 The soldier ，especially after the introduction of artillery ，‎ and the problems of range ， field of fire ， and dead ground which it raised ， demanded an accurate representation of the surface features， in place of the earlier conventional or pictorial delineation（描绘），and a solution in any degree satisfactory was not reached until the contour ‎（等高线） was invented．可知， 军事考虑鼓励人们寻找更精确的方法来绘制景观的自然 地理．故选 D．‎ ‎【点评】 阅读理解考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文 章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观 第 37 页（共 45 页）‎ 想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．‎ Section C Directions： Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.‎ ‎20．（8 分）‎ A．As you walk ， pay close attention to your surroundings ．‎ B． Make a plan to get off campus and explore your surroundings ．‎ C． If you're averaging seven hours or less ， commit to sleeping at least eight hours tonight ．‎ D． If you're feeling stressed or overwhelmed ， don't punish yourself by pushing your mind and body to their limits ．‎ E．A comfortable corner in the library and even an empty classroom are perfect places to relax and recharge．‎ F． Actually ， it is possible to shorten sleep time by up to 1hour without the risk of sleep deprivation （剥夺） if you know how to have high quality sleep ．‎ Self﹣Care Strategies for College Students Most college students don't put self ﹣care at the top of their to do lists ． When you're caught up in the whirlwind （旋风）of classes， extra﹣curricular ， work， friendships， and final exams， it's easy to ignore a task that doesn't come with a deadline （even if that task is simply "taking care of yourself" ）． Embrace the excitement and intensity of college life ， but remember that maintaining your physical ， mental， and emotional health is essential to your success and well﹣being．（1） D Instead， take time out to take care of yourself with some of these self﹣care strategies．‎ Get Away for some Alone Time ． If you live with roommates ， privacy can be hard to come by，so make it your mission to find a peaceful place on campus to call your own ．（2）‎ E ．‎ Take a Mindful Walk Around Campus． When you're strolling to class， try this mindfulness exercise to center yourself and destress．（3） A Feel free to people﹣watch，‎ but pay attention to sensory details too ， like the smell of a nearby barbecue or the sensation of pavement under your shoes． Take note of at least five beautiful or intriguing things you notice 第 38 页（共 45 页）‎ along your route ． You might find yourself feeling a little calmer by the time you reach your destination．‎ Stage a Sleep Intervention． How much sleep do you really get each night ？ （4） C By doing that ， you'll begin the process of repaying your sleep debt and establishing healthy new sleep habits ． Don't buy into the myth that the less you're sleeping ， the harder you're working ． Your mind and body need consistent sleep to operate at optimum levels﹣﹣you simply can't do your best work without it ．‎ Download a New Podcast ． Take a break from the books， grab your headphones， and listen to some immersive mysteries ， compelling interviews ， or laugh﹣ out ﹣ loud comedy． There are thousands of podcasts covering almost every subject imaginable， so you're sure to find something that interests you ．‎ ‎【考点】 PF：选句填空．‎ ‎【分析】 本文是一篇选句填空，文章主要介绍了大学生的自我保健策略．‎ ‎【解答】 1﹣4 DEAC ‎1．D．细节理解题．根据上文 "Embrace the excitement and intensity of college life ， but remember that maintaining your physical ， mental， and emotional health is essential to your success and well﹣being 拥抱大学生活的刺激和紧张，但要记住，保持你的身体、精神和 情感健康对你的成功和幸福至关重要 "．可知此处应填 "如果你感到有压力或不堪重负，‎ 不要把自己的身心推向极限来惩罚自己． "．故选 D．‎ ‎2．E．推理判断题． 根据上文 " If you live with roommates ，privacy can be hard to come by ，‎ so make it your mission to find a peaceful place on campus to call your own 如果你和室友住 在一起，你可能很难获得隐私，所以你的任务就是在校园里找一个安静的地方属于你自 己"．可知此处应填 "图书馆舒适的角落，甚至空教室都是放松和充电的好地方． "．故选 E．‎ ‎3．A．推理判断题．根据上文 "When you're strolling to class ， try this mindfulness exercise to center yourself and destress 当你漫步去上课的时候， 试着做这个专注的练习来集中注意 力，减压 " ．可知此处应填 "当你走路时，密切注意你周围的环境． "．故选 A．‎ ‎4．C．细节理解题．根据上文 "How much sleep do you really get each night ？ 你每晚的睡 眠时间是多少 "．可知此处应填 " 如果你的平均睡眠时间是 7 个小时或更少，那就保证今 晚至少睡 8 个小时． "．故选 C．‎ 第 39 页（共 45 页）‎ ‎【点评】" 七选五"这样的题型，主要目的在于"考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上 下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握．解题时最主要的两个步骤就是1．理清文章的逻辑和结构，‎ ‎2．在所给的原文中找出关键词或者说是线索词． 文章的整体思路能帮助你在答案中筛选 出符合逻辑的选项，关键词则能帮助你确定更多的细节，排除相近的选项．这些技巧多 练练就能孰能生巧．‎ IV. Summary WritingDirections ： Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.‎ ‎21．（10 分）‎ Curiosity Is an Increasingly Rare Virtue Most of the breakthrough discoveries and remarkable inventions throughout history ，‎ from flints （打火石） for starting a fire to self﹣driving cars ， have something in common ：‎ They are the result of curiosity ． But the journalist Ian Leslie ，in his newly﹣published book Curious： The Desire to Know and Why You Future Depends on It ， insists that curiosity is a much overlooked human virtue ， crucial to our success， and we are losing it ．‎ Leslie presents considerable evidence for the claim that the society as a whole is growing less curious． In the U．S． and Europe， for example ， the rise of the Internet ， among other social and technological changes，has led to a declining consumption of news from outside the reader's borders． Indeed， Google， for which Leslie expresses admiration ， is also his frequent whipping boy（替罪羊） ： we seek only the information we want． But not everything is to be blamed on technology ． The decline in interest in literary fiction is also one of the causes identified by Leslie ．‎ Why is this a problem ？ Because without curiosity we will lose the spirit of innovation and entrepreneurship（企业家精神） ． Worse still ， that lack of curiosity produces a relative lack of knowledge ， and the lack of knowledge is difficult if not impossible to compensate for later on．‎ Fortunately， some strategies can be employed to develop curiosity ： If you just accept the world as it is without trying to dig deeper ， you will certainly lose the ‘holy curiosity' ．Of course， one effective way to dig deeper beneath the surface is asking questions ： What is that ？‎ Why is it made that way ？ Who invented it ？ How does it work ？⋯ And if you see learning 第 40 页（共45 页）‎ as a burden， there's no way you will want to dig deeper into anything ． That will just make the burden heavier． But if you think of leaning as something fun ， you will naturally want to dig deeper．‎ ‎【考点】 R5：读写任务作文．‎ ‎【分析】 高分句型一： The reason for this is that we lose the spirit of innovation ．‎ 译文：这件事的原因是我们失去了创新精神．‎ 分析：这句话使用 that 引导表语从句．‎ 高分句型二： What is even worse is that lack of curiosity contributes to less knowledge ．‎ 译文：甚至更糟糕的是缺乏好奇心导致更少的知识．‎ 分析： what 引导主语从句， that 引导表语从句．‎ ‎【解答】 As we all know curiosity leads to many important discoveries and inventions throughout history ． But a study shows that the society is lacking in curiousity ．（缺乏好奇心）‎ The reason for this is that we lose the spirit of innovation ．【 高分句型一】（原因）What is even worse is that lack of curiosity contributes to less knowledge ． 【高分句型二】 （后果）‎ Fortunately，we can employ some strategies to develop curiosity ． Consider leaning as fun ，‎ and you will desire to learn further ．（方法）‎ ‎【点评】这是一篇概要类作文， 我们需要用正确的英语把给出的要点表达出来． 动笔前，‎ 一定要认真分析要点，理解要点要表达的含义，不能遗漏要点，跑题偏题．本作文中给 出的要点比较具体，故需要准确表达．写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符 合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使 文章显得更有档次．特别注意在选择句式时要赋予变化．平时除了加强词汇积累，写作 联系以外，还可以适当记忆一些类似的范文，这样在考试中可以起到事半功倍的效果．‎ V. TranslationDirections： Translate the following sentences into English， using the words given in the brackets ‎22．（3 分）他刚要关电脑， 就在这时手机响了． （when） He was about to turn off his computer when the smart phone rang．‎ ‎【考点】 Q2：汉译英．‎ ‎【分析】 他刚要关电脑，就在这时手机响了．‎ ‎【解答】 答案： He was about to turn off his computer when the smart phone rang ．考查汉译 英．was/were about to do sth． when﹣did sth． 意为 "正要做某事，这时突然⋯⋯ "，是固 第 41 页（共 45 页）‎ 定句型．‎ ‎【点评】 考查汉译英，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地 理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺．‎ ‎23．（4 分）他将代表全班同学在新年晚会上向老师们表示真诚的感谢． （on behalf of ） On behalf of the whole class / all his classmates ， he will express /show/extend sincere gratitude /‎ thanks to the teachers at the New Year /Year's Party．‎ ‎【考点】 Q2：汉译英．‎ ‎【分析】 On behalf of the whole class / all his classmates ， he will express /show/extend sincere gratitude / thanks to the teachers at the New Year /Year's Party．‎ ‎【解答】 On behalf of the whole class / all his classmates ， he will express /show/extend sincere gratitude / thanks to the teachers at the New Year /Year's Party．‎ 根据句子的意思可知，本句表达的是将来的动作，所以使用一般将来时．‎ 翻译时，使用介词短语 On behalf of the whole class / all his classmates 作状语，动词短语 express /show/extend sincere gratitude / thanks to sb 表达感激某人．‎ ‎【点评】 对于汉译英，解题前应快速浏览句子掌握大意，在读懂句子的基础上，结合提 供的特定的语言环境去分析．要解决好该题型，离不开坚实的语法知识，有了坚实的语 法知识才能对语言进行正确的分析和判断，从而答对题目．‎ ‎24．（4 分）我们付出的每一次努力末必都能成功，但是但凡值得我们做的事情都值得做 好．（worth ） Every effort that we make can /may not be successful/ Every effort that we make is not necessarily successful， but whatever is worth our /us doing is worth doing well ．‎ ‎【考点】 Q2：汉译英．‎ ‎【分析】 Every effort that we make can /may not be successful /Every effort that we make is not necessarily successful， but whatever is worth our /us doing is worth doing well ．‎ ‎【解答】 Every effort that we make can /may not be successful / Every effort that we make is not necessarily successful，but whatever is worth our /us doing is worth doing well ．‎ 这是对事物的一种主观性的评价，应该使用一般现在时．‎ 翻译时可使用 that 引导的定语从句 that we make 修饰every effort ，使用短语 can /may not 或者 not necessarily 表示 "未必 "，but 后面的并列句中使用 whatever 引导的主语从句 whatever is worth our /us doing ， be worth doing 值得做⋯ ⋯ ．‎ ‎【点评】 对于汉译英，解题前应快速浏览句子掌握大意，在读懂句子的基础上，结合提 第 42 页（共45 页）‎ 供的特定的语言环境去分析．要解决好该题型，离不开坚实的语法知识，有了坚实的语 法知识才能对语言进行正确的分析和判断，从而答对题目．‎ ‎25．（4 分）不只是一个人的日常言谈举止，就连他目前正在读的那本书都清楚地向我们表 明了他是一个怎样的人． （as well as） The book（that/which ）a person is reading at present as well as his daily words and deeds /actions clearly indicates / shows /suggests what kind of person he is．‎ ‎【考点】 Q2：汉译英．‎ ‎【分析】The book （that/which ） a person is reading at present as well as his daily words and deeds /actions clearly indicates / shows /suggests what kind of person he is ．‎ ‎【解答】The book （that/which ） a person is reading at present as well as his daily words and deeds /actions clearly indicates / shows /suggests what kind of person he is ．‎ 这是对人的行为的一种客观的评价，应用一般现在时．‎ 翻译时可使用 as well as 连接两个并列的名词短语 The book 和 his daily words and deeds ‎/actions 作主语，但是后面谓语动词的单复数取决于 as well as 之前的名词 The book 的单 复数， The book 为单数形式，所以后面的谓语动词应该使用单数形式，使用定语从句 ‎（that/which ） a person is reading at present 来修饰名词 the book，最后使用 what 引导的 一个宾语从句 whatkind of person he is ，作动词 indicates / shows /suggests 的宾语．‎ ‎【点评】 对于汉译英，解题前应快速浏览句子掌握大意，在读懂句子的基础上，结合提 供的特定的语言环境去分析．要解决好该题型，离不开坚实的语法知识，有了坚实的语 法知识才能对语言进行正确的分析和判断，从而答对题目．‎ VI. Guided Writing ‎26．（25 分）Directions ： Write an English composition in 120﹣150 words according to the instructions given ．‎ 第 43 页（共 45 页）‎ ‎【考点】 R1：提纲类．‎ st ‎【分析】 高分句型一： Our school is planning to hold an open day on January 1 2019， the purpose of which is to improve the connection of school and family and promote the results of our teaching．‎ 译文：我们学校计划在 2019 年 1 月 1 日举办开放日，目的是改善学校和家庭的联系，推 广我们的教学效果．‎ 分析：这句话使用定语从句．‎ 高分句型二：Meanwhile ，you should introduce what voluntary activity you would like to take part．‎ 译文：同时，你应该介绍你想参加的志愿活动．‎ 分析：这句话使用 what 引导的宾语从句．‎ st ‎【解答】Our school is planning to hold an open day on January 1 2019，the purpose of which is to improve the connection of school and family and promote the results of our teaching ．【高 分句型 一】 Now we will recruit some volunteers according to the schemes of the activities ．（学校开放日）‎ First， we will introduce expansive courses ． Then we will display the society events ． The third one is to share learning experience ． （活动内容） If you are interested in the position ，‎ please send emails to headmaster's office． Meanwhile ， you should involve what voluntary 第 44 页（共 45 页）‎ activity you would like to take part ．【高分句型二】 Besides， you should explain the reasons why want to you participate in the activity ．The email address is 2019 campus﹣open﹣day @‎ qmSchool．cn．（发电子邮件）‎ ‎【点评】这是一篇提纲类作文， 我们需要用正确的英语把给出的要点表达出来． 动笔前，‎ 一定要认真分析要点，理解要点要表达的含义，不能遗漏要点，跑题偏题．本作文中给 出的要点比较具体，故需要准确表达．写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符 合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使 文章显得更有档次．特别注意在选择句式时要赋予变化．平时除了加强词汇积累，写作 联系以外，还可以适当记忆一些类似的范文，这样在考试中可以起到事半功倍的效果．‎ 第 45 页（共 45 页）‎