2019译林牛津版高考英语一轮优练题模块3U2及答案 10页

‎2019译林牛津版高考英语一轮优练题：模块3U2及答案 一、阅读理解。‎ Aging brings wrinkles, sagging bodies and frustrating forgetfulness. But getting older is not all bad for many people. Mounting evidence suggests aging may be a key to happiness. There is conflicting research on the subject, however, and experts say it may all boil down to this: Attitude is everything.‎ Older adults tend to be more optimistic and have a more positive outlook on life than their younger and stressed opposites. The big question is why seniors are happier. A recent study suggests one reason: Older adults remember the past through happy memories. Aging can bring more cheer as people become more comfortable with themselves and their roles in society. The older adults said they were enjoying more time with their family, spending more time on hobbies and having greater financial security and did not have to work.‎ But others are doubtful about the link between happiness and growing older.‎ ‎"The notion that those in old age are happiest is misleading," said Richard Easterlin, a professor of economics at the University of Southern California. "It is based on comparing people of different ages who are the same in terms of income, health, family life." Easterlin added, "When you take account of the fact that older people have lower income than younger, are less healthy, and more likely to be living alone, then you will find it hard to accept that they are happier.‎ In fact, scientists have found that as people age, their health declines and social networks disappear as their friends die, which can make the elderly less happy.‎ Even if one does give in to age's dark side, health and happiness don't always go hand-in-hand. It's all about attitude. Research by the University of Chicago’s Yang suggests that attitude about life and happiness, is partly shaped by the era in which a person was born. It turns out that individuals who adapt the best to changes also have the highest expected levels of happiness.‎ Despite the conflicting findings about aging and happiness, the good news is that there doesn’t appear to be a limit to how much happiness one can achieve in one’s life. “Most people desire happiness,” Easterlin said. “To my knowledge, no one has identified a limit to attainable happiness.”‎ ‎1.What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?‎ A. The key factor to older adults’ happiness B. There is a conflict between aging and happiness C. No one can define the limit to happiness.‎ D. The relationship between health and happiness.‎ ‎2.Why are some seniors happier according to some experts?‎ A. They focus on what makes them feel good.‎ B. They have their own circle of friends.‎ C. They have better income after retirement.‎ ‎3.What can we learn from the passage?‎ A. People of the same age have the same sense of happiness.‎ B. Attitude may play a very important role in happiness.‎ C. People who adapt the best to changes are more likely to be unhappy.‎ D. Older adults who have more valuable life experience are more optimistic.‎ ‎4.What’s the topic discussed in the passage?‎ A. Whether aging or attitude brings happiness.‎ B. Why seniors adapt the best to changes in society.‎ C. What the limit to an elder person’s happiness is.‎ D. How older people feel compared with younger people.‎ ‎【文章大意】随着年龄的增加变老，人们的幸福感也是不一样的。一些人认为老年人会更幸福些，而另一部分分则持有相反的观点。无论如何，幸福的关键在于一个人对生活的态度。‎ ‎1.C 【解析】推理判断题。根据此段中“the good news is that there doesn’t appear to be a limit to how much happiness one can achieve in one’s life… no one has identified a limit to attainable happiness.”可知，幸福是没有标准和限度的。故选C。‎ ‎3.B 【解析】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中“It's all about attitude. Research by the University of Chicago’s Yang suggests that attitude about life and happiness, is partly shaped by the era in which a person was born. It turns out that individuals who adapt the best to changes also have the highest expected levels of happiness.”可知，人们对生活和幸福的感觉主要取决于一个人的态度。故选B。‎ 二、单项选择 ‎1.As we all know, the English language _______ the grammar and vocabulary that people from different countries ‎ ‎ and cultures brought to Britain.‎ A. consists of B. is consisted of C. makes up of D. makes up ‎【答案】A ‎2.The Google project has caused excitement in Hollywood because film studios are searching for new revenues to _______DVD sales, which are in steep decline. ‎ A. trade B. exchange C. replace D. reduce ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】replace代替，符合句意。句意：谷歌的这个项目让好莱坞激动不已，因为电影制片厂正在寻找新收入来源，以替代急剧下滑的DVD销售。‎ ‎3.It was obvious that the meeting was concerned _______ the housing reform and everyone present was ‎ ‎ concerned _______ their own interests.‎ A. with; with B. with; for C. for; about D. about; with ‎【答案】B　‎ ‎【解析】句意：很显然，这次会议是有关房屋改革的，每个在场的人都很关心他们自己的利益。be concerned with与……有关；be concerned for/about关心，为……担忧。故选B。‎ ‎4.For professional athletes, _______ to the Olympics means that they have a chance to enter the history books.‎ A. appeal B. attachment C. access D. approach ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】access进入。句意：对于专业运动员来说，参加奥运会就意味着他们有机会被载入史册。appeal请求；attachment附加；approach接近；方法。‎ ‎5.It’s hard to tell real Jingdezhen vases, and it’s a little more difficult for the untrained shopper to _______.‎ ‎ A. dismiss B. distinguish C. seek D. shelter ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意：很难分辨真正的景德镇花瓶，对于未经训练的购物者来说区分它更困难。dismiss解散，解雇；distinguish区分，辨别；seek寻求，寻找；shelter庇护，保护。‎ ‎6.He has been acting very strangely these days. I can’t _______ his actions any longer.‎ A. ask for B. account to C. call for D. stand for ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】句意：这些天他行为古怪，我再也无法忍受他的行为了。stand for用在否定句中表示：容忍，忍受。‎ ‎7.If what you say is not _______ with what you do，it will have a bad effect on your children.‎ ‎ A. controversial B. consistent C. confident D. considerate ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】be consistent with与……一致。句意为：如果你言行不一的话，这将会对你的孩子产生不好影响。controversial争论的，争议的；confident自信的，确信的；considerate考虑周到的。‎ ‎8. They tried to _______ hard plastics for metals in manufacturing machine parts.‎ ‎ A. replace B. substitute C. take the place of D. give way to ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】substitute A for B=replace B with A用A来代替B；A takes the place of B用A代替B。give way to “让路，让步”。句意：在制造机器零件时，他们尽力用硬塑料代替金属。‎ ‎9.At the press conference, the government spokesman expressed his great _______ for the safety of the three ‎ ‎ trapped workers.‎ ‎ A. sympathy B. concern C. sorrow D. anger ‎【答案】B ‎10.I would have gone to my cousin’s birthday party last night, but I was not _______.‎ ‎ A. available B. accessible C. acceptable D. adequate ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】句意：昨晚我本来是要去参加表弟的生日晚会的，但是我当时很忙，没有空去。available可获得的，有空的，可用的；accessible易接近的，可理解的，易懂的，易相处的，易获得的；acceptable可接受的；adequate令人满意的，适当的，足够的。‎ ‎11.Ning Zetao, who won four golds at the 2019 Incheon Asian Games, _______ himself as a new swim star.‎ ‎ A. considered B. developed C. distinguished D. represented ‎【答案】C ‎12.—What do you think of my new skirt?‎ ‎ —It looks wonderful on you! I’m sure it will make you _______ in a crowd.‎ ‎ A. stand by B. stand aside C. stand for D. stand out ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】stand out突出，显眼，符合句意。stand by袖手旁观，支持；stand aside让开；stand ‎ for代表，象征。句意：“你觉得我的新裙子如何？”“穿在你身上真棒。我可以肯定地说(穿上它)会让你在人群中非常显眼。”‎ ‎13.Difficult as the task was _______, they never gave up and kept trying all the time. ‎ A. to be accomplished B. to accomplish C. being accomplished D. to have been accomplished ‎【答案】B ‎14.What puzzles me is ________he was a thief when you first saw him.‎ ‎ A. how you could tell B. how could you tell ‎ C. what could you tell D. what you could tell ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】句意：使我迷惑不解的是，你怎么会第一眼看见他就判断他是个小偷呢？考查名词性从句，名词性从句用陈述语序，因此B和C可以排除。根据句子结构可知is后是表语从句，从句中又包含一个宾语从句，he was a thief是tell的宾语，因而不用what，故选A项。‎ ‎15.You should be grateful to your employees, because you wouldn’t be _______ you are now without them.‎ A. why B. how C. where D. which ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意：你应该感谢你的职员，因为没有他们你不会到现在的位置。这里是表语从句，are动词后面缺少的是地点，用where引导表语从句。‎ ‎16.The best moment in the movie star’s life was _______ he received the Academy Award for Best Actor.‎ A. where B. when C. how D. why ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】根据主语moment可知，此处用when引导表语从句。句意：对于这个电影明星来说，他最辉煌的时刻就是当他获得奥斯卡最佳男主角奖的时候。‎ ‎17.It is said _______ the picture shows a Chinese girl standing by the river under a tree, seemingly listening to a bird singing. ‎ A. which B. as C. what D. that ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】It是形式主语，真正的主语是空处引导的主语从句，从句意义和成分完整，故用that。句意：据说，这幅画表现的是一个中国女孩站在河边的树下，似乎在聆听一只鸟儿歌唱。‎ 三、完形填空。‎ Chris Marlow, a minister and father of two, would say that his life prior to 2009 was good but ordinary.‎ Then a mission trip to Zimbabwe turned his entire world ___1___ upside down, and he returned to his home in North Carolina a(n) ___2___ man.‎ It was on this trip that Marlow was faced with the ___3___ of extreme poverty that showed itself determinedly in the faces of ___4___ children begging for food. One orphaned boy, in particular, who slept on the concrete floor of an ___5___ gas station with dozens of other orphaned children, ___6___ Marlow’s life work forever.‎ The young boy begged Marlow to allow him to work for him ___7___ food, as he had not eaten for days and was starving. It was an ___8___ that Marlow could not forget as he spent the following days of the trip driving through dusty roads and desperation, ___9___ to find a way to feed the hungry orphans.‎ Marlow went on to found Help One Now, a non-profit organization that ___10___ ordinary people to help provide food, shelter, and education to poor children in Africa, Haiti, and around the world through ___11___ acts of generosity. In 2019 he published his first book, Doing Good Is Simple, the story of his transformative experience with the reality of severe poverty, as a ___12___ for others looking to make a positive ___13___ in the world from right where they are.‎ The book does more than ___14___ people to do good—it puts the suggestion into action with every ___15___. “Early on, we decided that we would use the profits of Doing Good Is Simple to ___16___ meals for children in our communities around the world,” Marlow explains. “Every book that is ___17___ will provide five meals for children in one of our communities. In the first 30 days after the book’s ___18___, we hit over 30，000 meals.”‎ Help One Now is ___19___ working to aid Haiti in the disaster relief of Hurricane Matthew. “We encourage those interested in working with the ___20___ to think of ways to help that fit their individual personalities and lifestyles,” he says. “And we also love to see you advocate for us.”‎ 语篇解读：本文讲述一个叫 Chris Marlow 的人，在他的一次津巴布韦旅途过后，那里挨饿的孤儿的现状改 变了他对世界的看法。于是他成立了一个组织，帮助那些没饭吃的孩子。‎ ‎1.A. economy B. map C. view D. tour ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】view 意为“看法”，符合语境，即一次旅行改变了他对世界的看法。‎ ‎2.A. astonished B. changed C. inspired D. confused ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】过去分词 changed 在本句中作定语，意为“改变了的”，即他回到家乡时成为一个完全改变了的 人。‎ ‎3.A. atmosphere B. shape C. addition D. reality ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】句意：他在旅途中看到了极度贫困的事实状况。atmosphere(气氛)；shape(形状)；addition(增加)；‎ reality(现实；事实)。根据语境可知选 D。‎ ‎4.A. starving B. crying C. struggling D. running ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】starving(挨饿的)；crying(哭着的)；struggling(努力的；挣扎的)；running(跑着的)。根据 children 后面的“begging for food”可知，A 项符合语境，即面对着一群正在讨饭的挨饿的孩子。‎ ‎5.A. abolished B. acquired C. attached D. abandoned ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】abolished(废除的)；acquired(获得的)；attached(附加的)；abandoned(废弃的)。既然是睡在加油站，‎ 所以可以推断这一定是废弃了的加油站。故选 D。‎ ‎6.A. transformed B. transferred C. confirmed D. blocked ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】句意：一个孤儿改变了他的人生。transform 意为“改变”，符合语境。‎ ‎7.A. in return for B. in favour of C. in exchange for D. in search of ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意：那个孩子请求 Marlow 让他为他工作换饭吃。in return for(作为……的回报)；in favour of(支 持；赞同)；in exchange for(交换)；in search of(查找)。根据句意可知选 C。‎ ‎8.A. interruption B. interval C. interview D. interaction ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】根据上下文语境可知，他去那些孤儿那里的活动(interaction)让他终生难忘。‎ ‎9.A. convinced B. determined C. prepared D. satisfied ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】他下决心(determine)要找到办法养活那些挨饿的孩子们。‎ ‎10.A. reminds B. equips C. requires D. permits ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】equip 在这里意为“使具备；使有准备”，符合语境，即他成立的这个组织，使得普通人通过简 单的行动，去帮助那些穷孩子，为他们提供食物等。‎ ‎11.A. brief B. graceful C. simple D. courageous ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】同上题，即通过简单的(simple)行动，帮助穷孩子。‎ ‎12.A. measure B. rule C. tool D. guide ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】句意：他出版的书作为那些想要对世界起到积极影响的人的指导用书(guide)。‎ ‎13.A. decision B. request C. difference D. comment ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】 同上题， 即想要对世界起到积极影响的人的指导用书。 make a difference 意为“有影响； 起作用”，‎ 符合语境。‎ ‎14.A. encourage B. entitle C. allow D. appoint ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】句意：这本书起到的作用还不只是鼓励(encourage)人们做好事。‎ ‎15.A. attempt B. purchase C. publication D. adoption ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】purchase 意为“购买”，符合语境，即每当有人购买这本书的时候。‎ ‎16.A. submit B. contribute C. pass D. provide ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】即他们用卖书的钱给孩子们提供(provide)食物。‎ ‎17.A. written B. sold C. read D. bought ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】每卖出(sold)一本书可以给孩子提供五顿饭。‎ ‎18.A. release B. recovery C. reservation D. registration ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】句意：在这本书发行(release)后的前 30 天，卖书赚的钱够提供 30, 000 顿饭的。‎ ‎19.A. eventually B. annually C. currently D. permanently ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】他成立的这个组织目前(currently)正在帮助海地灾区的受害者。‎ ‎20.A. organization B. community C. corporation D. government ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】即指本段开头的 Help One Now 这个组织(organization)。‎ 四、七选五。‎ A garden that’s just right for you Have you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you, where the atmosphere of the garden appeared to total more than the sum(总和) of its parts? 　 1　. But it doesn’t happen by accident. It starts with looking inside yourself and understanding who you are with respect to the natural world and how you approach the gardening process.‎ ‎● 　 2 　 ‎ Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns and masses of color. Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers (肥料). 　 3 　.However, there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden. One of them comes from our earliest years. ‎ ‎●Recall(回忆)your childhood memories Our model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood. Grandma’s rose garden and Dad’s vegetable garden might be good or bad, but that’s not what’s important. 　 4 　 — how being in those gardens made us feel. If you’d like to build a powerful bond with your garden, start by taking some time to recall the gardens of your youth. 　 5 　. Then go outside and work out a plan to translate your childhood memories into your grown-up garden. Have fun.‎ A. Know why you garden B. Find a good place for your own garden C. It’s our experience of the garden that matters D. It’s delightful to see so many beautiful flowers E. Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plants F. You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden, too G. For each of those gardens, write down the strongest memory you have ‎【语篇解读】本文属于说明文，美丽的花园能给我们带来美好的视觉享受，文章中给出了两个自己建设花园的具体建议。‎ ‎1.F 【解析】考查上下文的衔接。根据文章首句及下文的＂But it doesn’t happen by accident＂可知，这里是在讲＂你是否曾去过一个花园……但是它不是偶然发生的＂。故F项＂You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden, too＂符合语境。‎ ‎ 3.E 【解析】考查上下文的衔接。根据上文的＂Some people may think...＂和＂Others are concerned about...＂可知此处表达的是人们种植花园的不同原因，而E项中的＂Still others may simply enjoy...＂与上下文衔接自然，故选E项。‎ ‎4.C 【解析】考查上下文的衔接。根据上文的＂...but that’s not what’s important＂和下文中的＂how being in those gardens made us feel＂可知此处讲的应是什么是重要的，故C项符合语境。‎ ‎5.G 【解析】考查上下文的衔接。上文的＂the gardens of your youth＂以及下文的＂your childhood memories＂与G项中的＂those gardens＂和＂the strongest memory you have＂相呼应，故选G项。‎