高考英语大一轮复习讲义选修UnitMeetingyourancestors含答案解析 14页

Unit 5　Meeting your ancestors　‎ ‎1．alternative(n.)　　　　可能的选择 ‎　　　　(adj.)　　供选择的；其他的 ‎2．interrupt(vt.& vi.)　　打断……讲话；打岔；暂时中断或中止 ‎3．acute(adj.)　　有观察力的；敏锐的；严重的；深刻的 ‎4．assume(vt.)　　假定；设想 ‎5．significance(n.)　　意义；意思；重要性；重要意义 ‎6．somehow(adv.)　　以……方式；不知怎么地 ‎7．delete(vt.)　　删；删除 ‎8．academy(n.)　　学院；学会；学术团体；院校 ‎9．applaud(vi.& vt.)　　鼓掌欢迎；赞赏 ‎10．accelerate(vi.& vt.)　　加速；促进 ‎11．arrest(vt.)　　逮捕；吸引 ‎(n.)　　逮捕；拘留 ‎12．starvation(n.)挨饿；饿死→starve(vi.)挨饿；饿死 ‎13．accuracy(n.)精确；准确→accurate(adj.)准确的；精确的 ‎14．messy(adj.)凌乱的；脏的→mess(n.)凌乱；脏 ‎15．analysis(n.)分析→analyses(pl.)→analyse(vt.)分析→analyst(n.)分析者，化验员→analytic(al)(adj.)分析的，解析的 ‎1．regardless_of　　　　　　　不管；不顾 ‎2．at_most　　至多；最多 ‎3．cut_up　　切碎 ‎4．fed_up_with　　受够了；饱受；厌烦 ‎5．look_ahead　　向前看；为将来打算 ‎6．date_back　　追溯到……‎ ‎7．concentrate_on　　集中 ‎8．search_for　　寻找 ‎9．take_turns_to_do_sth.　　轮流干某事 ‎10．can’t/couldn’t_help_doing　禁不住干某事 ‎1．Yes，indeed，as the botanical analyses have shown us，all the fields around here used to be part of a large shallow lake.‎ 很对。正如植物学的分析结果已经告诉我们的，这儿四周曾经是一个很大的浅水湖。‎ 名师指津：as引导的非限制性定语从句，as指代整个主句的内容，意为“正如”。‎ 例句仿写：正如古训所说“人不可貌相，海水不可斗量”。‎ ‎(2013·新课标卷Ⅰ)“You can’t judge a book by its cover，” as_the_old_saying_goes.‎ ‎2．If only she had looked ahead and planned better this year!‎ 她今年要是早有预见，计划得更好些就好了！‎ 名师指津：此句用了虚拟语气。if only...意为“要是……就好了”。‎ 例句仿写：看看我所处的困境，要是我接受他的建议就好了！‎ Look at the trouble I am in.If_only_I_had_followed his advice!‎ ‎3．She had almost reached her destination when a delicious smell arrested her progress and she stopped.‎ 快到达目的地的时候，一阵香气扑鼻，她不往前走了，停了下来。‎ 名师指津：句中“had done...when...”是一个常用句型，意为“(刚)做完了……就在那时……”。‎ 例句仿写：我刚到家，就在这时大雨就倾盆而下。‎ I had_just_got_home_when the rain poured down.‎ ‎4．Abruptly she sat down，only to be scooped up by her laughing，shouting sister，Luna.‎ 她突然坐了下来，结果被爱吵闹的妹妹露娜一把抱了起来。‎ 名师指津：only to do 动词不定式表出乎意料的结果。‎ 例句仿写：他试图打败我，结果使我更加坚强。‎ ‎ He attempted to defeat me，only_to_make me stronger.‎ alternative adj.供选择的；其他的；n.可能的选择；选择对象 ‎(牛津P56)You can be paid in cash weekly or by cheque monthly；those are the two alternatives.你的工资可以按周以现金支取，或按月以支票支取。二者可选其一。‎ ‎(1) ‎(2)alternatively adv.可供选择地 ‎①The manager said that they had an alternative plan if the plan they had submitted was not accepted.经理说如果他们递交的计划不被接受，他们还有另外一个计划。‎ ‎②I had_no_alternative/choice_but_to_report him to the police.‎ 除了向警察举报他，我别无选择。‎ assume v．假定；设想；假装；承担 教材原句P38：So we think it is reasonable to assume they lived in these caves，regardless of the cold.‎ 所以我们有理由认为他们不顾严寒，就住在这些洞穴里。‎ ‎(1) ‎(2) ‎(3)assuming that...假设/假定……‎ ‎①We must assume_him_to_be innocent until he is proved guilty.‎ 尚未证实他有罪，我们就得假定他是清白的。‎ ‎②Where unemployment and crime are high，it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former.‎ 在那些失业率和犯罪率都很高的地方，我们可以认为后者的发生归因于前者。‎ ‎③Assuming_that the proposal is accepted，when are we going to get the money?‎ 假定这个建议被采纳，我们什么时候能拿到钱？‎ interrupt vt.‎& vi.打断……讲话；打岔；暂时中断或中止 教材原句P38：I’m sorry to interrupt you but how could they live here？对不起，打断了你的讲话，请问他们怎么能够住在这个地方呢？‎ ‎(1)interrupt sb./sth.(with sth.)(因某事)打断某人/某事 ‎(2) ‎①It’s bad manners to interrupt_others when they are talking.‎ 打断别人谈话是没礼貌的。‎ ‎②Let’s go somewhere where we can talk without interruption.‎ 我们去找个说话不受打扰的地方吧。‎ arrest n．逮捕；拘留；vt.逮捕；吸引 ‎(牛津P92)A man has been arrested in connection with the robbery.一名男子因与这桩抢劫案有关已被逮捕。‎ ‎(1) ‎(2) ‎①Her laughter arrested_our_attention and we all stared at her.‎ 她的笑声吸引了我们的注意，我们都盯着她看。‎ ‎②They are trying to make a new medicine to arrest the spread of the disease.‎ 他们正试图研制一种新药来控制这种疾病的蔓延。‎ ‎③Fifteen persons were under_arrest because of the serious violence.由于暴乱十五人被捕。‎ Ⅰ.完成句子 ‎1．______________(假定) you have a chance to go abroad，what would you do?‎ 答案：　Assuming ‎2．It’s obvious that greenhouse gases will ____________________________(加速全球变暖) and harm the polar bear.‎ 答案：　accelerate global warming ‎3．The factory set up the year before is____________________(有重大意义) for this area’s economy.‎ 答案：　of great significance ‎4．Apart from what you have mentioned above，do you have any____________________(供选择的建议)?‎ 答案：　alternative suggestions ‎5．__________________________(认为) there is a direct link between smoking and lung cancer.‎ 答案：　It is assumed that Ⅱ.单项填空 ‎1．(2012·陕西卷)If he takes on this work，he will have no choice but________an even greater challenge.‎ A．meets B．meeting C．meet D．to meet 解析：　考查动词不定式。句意为：如果他承担这份工作，他将别无选择，只有迎接更大的挑战。have no choice but to do为固定结构，意为“别无选择，只能……”。‎ 答案：　D ‎2．(2014·合肥高三质检)You needn’t have________the meeting to tell me that.You could have come up to me afterwards.‎ A．come B．interrupted C．joined D．gone 解析：　考查动词词义辨析。句意为：其实你不必打断会议告诉我那件事。你本可以会后来找我。interrupt打断……讲话；打岔，符合句意。‎ 答案：　B ‎3．The escaped prisoner got________immediately he turned up at the railway station and was sent to prison again.‎ A．to arrest B．arresting C．arrested D．to be arrested 解析：　“get＋过去分词”构成被动语态。句意为：逃犯一出现在火车站就被逮捕，并再度被送进监狱。‎ 答案：　C ‎4．(2013·浙江调研测试)Some educators________that children should be rewarded for their great performance.‎ A．assumed B．adopted C．advocated D．convinced 解析：　句意为：一些教育学家倡导孩子们好的表现应受到奖赏。advocate倡导，提倡，符合句意。assume假定；adopt采取；收养；convince使确信。‎ 答案：　C regardless of不管；不顾(侧重指不计后果和代价)‎ ‎①He says what he thinks，regardless of other people’s feelings.‎ 他怎么想就怎么说，不考虑别人的感受。‎ ‎②The law requires equal treatment for all，regardless_of race，religion，or sex.这一法律要求平等对待每一个人，不管种族、宗教信仰或性别。‎ ‎③Regardless of whether he is right or wrong，we have to follow his decisions.不论他是对还是错，我们必须遵守他的决定。‎ date back追溯到……‎ 教材原句P44：All the objects are from the same excavation site in Sanxingdui and can be ‎ dated back to between 3,000 and 5,000 years ago.所有的物品都来自于三星堆的一个挖掘点，时间可以追溯到3000年到5000年前。‎ date back to＝date from追溯到……‎ out of date过时的，陈旧的 up to date最近的，新式的，现代的 ‎①According to the expert，the temple has a history dating_back_to the early Tang Dynasty.‎ 那个专家说这座寺庙历史悠久，可追溯到初唐时期。‎ ‎②My interest in stamp collecting dates back to/dates from my schooldays.我从学生时代就开始爱好集邮。‎ ‎[名师指津]　date back to和date from一般不用于进行时态。作后置定语时，常用现在分词。‎ ‎③This is an old building dating back to /dating from the 16th century.‎ 这是一栋追溯至16世纪的古老建筑物。‎ Ⅰ.完成句子 ‎1．Whenever we are in trouble，we must________________________(向前看) and encourage ourselves.‎ 答案：　look ahead ‎2．In the end，I just____________________(厌烦) his constant complaining.‎ 答案：　got fed up with ‎3．A new engine would cost，______________________(至多) two thousand dollars.‎ 答案：　at most ‎4．They took action to help those people whose village has been____________________(隔绝) by the flood.‎ 答案：　cut off ‎5．All the people should be treated with respect__________________(不管，不顾) their race，education and wealth.‎ 答案：　regardless of ‎6．The history of this country can__________________(追溯到) the Stone Age.‎ 答案：　date back to/date from Ⅱ.单项填空 ‎1．(2014·云南高中毕业班复习统一检测)All are welcome to join the Yoga Club________age or sex.‎ A．because of B．regardless of C．in case of D．in terms of 解析：　句意为：欢迎大家加入瑜伽俱乐部，不论年龄或性别。because of因为；regardless of不顾，不管；in case of如果，假使；in terms of就……而言，在……方面。根据句意可知B项正确。‎ 答案：　B ‎2．(2014·甘肃兰州、靖远名校高三模拟)________whether weight loss is your goal，it makes sense to include lowfat food in your diet.‎ A．Apart from B．As for C．According to D．Regardless of 解析：　句意为：无论减肥是不是你的目标，你的饮食中含有低脂食物是明智的。根据句意可知应选D项，表示“不管，不顾”。‎ 答案：　D ‎3．(2014·福建高三第二次联考)________her good salary，Mary measured out every dollar needed for household expenses.‎ A．In case of B．In place of C．In spite of D．In favor of 解析：　考查介词短语辨析。句意为：尽管Mary薪水很高，但在家庭开支上每一块钱她都要算一算。in spite of尽管，符合句意，故选C。‎ 答案：　C ‎4．Every day a number of tourists take pictures in front of the tower，which________as early as 800 years ago.‎ A．dates back to B．is dated back C．dates back from D．was dated from 解析：　短语date back to相当于date from，意为“追溯到，始于”。句意为：每天都有许多游客在这座可追溯到800年前的塔前拍照。‎ 答案：　A If only it could be just like last year! ‎ 要是能跟去年那样有多好呀！‎ if only用来表达愿望，意为“但愿……，要是……就好了”。‎ ‎①I had no information about my son.If only I hadn’t_said those tough words to ‎ him.还没有我儿子的消息。要是我没对他说那些太严厉的话就好了。‎ ‎②If only the whole family could be united during the Spring Festival！今年春节全家能团圆就好了！‎ 辨析：if only与only if ‎(1)if only中谓语动词要用虚拟语气(与现在事实相反用一般过去时，与过去事实相反用过去完成时)。‎ ‎(2)only if由副词only和从属连词if组合而成，only仅起强调作用，意为“只要；只有”。‎ ‎③I missed the early bus.If only I had got up earlier.‎ 我错过了早班车，要是我早起床就好了。‎ ‎④Only if you do as I told you can_you_succeed.‎ 你只有按照我说的去做，你才能成功。‎ Ⅰ.用if only，only if填空 ‎1．__________________you are aware of the importance of English，can you learn it well.‎ 答案：　Only if ‎2．__________________both sides accept the agreement will a lasting peace be established in this region.‎ 答案：　Only if ‎3．(2013·南京高三质检)It’s too bad that I failed in the math exam.__________________I had worked hard at it!‎ 答案：　If only Ⅱ.单项填空 ‎1．(2014·江西八校联考)________we promise continuous increase in rural incomes________improve the whole people’s wellbeing.‎ A．Only if；we can B．If only；can we C．Only if；can we D．Unless；we can 解析：　考查倒装句。句意为：只有保证农村收入继续增加，我们才能改善全体人民的生活。当only＋状语从句或者介词短语置于句首时，句子使用部分倒装结构，即：助动词、系动词或情态动词放在主语之前。‎ 答案：　C ‎2．(2014·威海两校模拟)________you read English easily，you’ll find it is another cup of tea to make conversation in English.‎ A．So long as B．As soon as C．Even if D．Only if 解析：　考查状语从句。句意为：即便你读起英语来很容易，你会发现用英语进行会话是另一回事。根据句意可知，C项正确。so long as只要；as soon as一……就，even if即使；only if只有。‎ 答案：　C ‎3．—It’s said that you have borrowed a lot of money for your flat.‎ ‎—Yes.If only one________an unlimited supply of money!‎ A．had B．would have C．had had D．should have 解析：　此题考查if only要是……就好了，对现在事实相反的虚拟语气。‎ 答案：　A accelerate vt.‎& vi.加速，促进 We must take measures to accelerate the rate of economic growth.‎ 我们必须采取措施，加速经济增长。‎ applaud vi.& vt.鼓掌欢迎；赞赏 applaud sb.for sth.因……赞赏某人 applause n．鼓掌欢迎；称赞；赞扬 To be honest，I applaud you for your decision.‎ 诚实地说，我赞赏你的决定。‎ significance n．意义；意思；重要性；重要意义 ‎(1)be of (great) significance有意义/帮助 ‎(2)significant adj.重要的；明显的 It is significant that...很明显……‎ ‎(2012·湖南书面表达)From this story，I am firmly convinced of the significance of honesty，‎ which will contribute to building a warm and harmonious society.通过这个故事，我坚信了诚实的重要性，它将有助于建立一个温暖和谐的社会。‎ at most至多；最多(＝at the most)‎ at (the) least至少 at (the) best 充其量；最好 The whole process will take half an hour at (the) most.‎ ‎ 整个过程顶多需要半个小时。‎ ‎【写作素材】‎ ‎1．假如一个人知道学习的重要性，他就会有充足的时间学习。‎ ‎2．李华是高三的学生，他心想：“要是我现在是大学生该多好啊！”‎ ‎3．然而为了将来，他除了为即将到来的高考做准备别无选择。‎ ‎4．尽管他对每天做那么多练习非常厌烦，尽管他遇到了许多困难，但他坚持认为他得加快复习的步伐才行。‎ ‎5．他的父母都为他喝彩，在他学习的时候从不打扰他。‎ 提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。‎ ‎【连句成篇】‎ Assuming that one knows the significance of study，he will have ample time to study.Li Hua，a student of Senior Three，often says to himself，“If only I were a college student！” However，looking ahead，he has no alternative but to prepare for the coming college entrance examinations.Fed up with doing lots of exercises every day and regardless of a lot of difficulties，he knows he has to accelerate his walk to revision.His parents both applaud him and never interrupt him while he is studying.‎ 完成进行时 ‎1．(2014·江西一模)—Nice to see you again after all these years.What________？‎ ‎—Well，I’ve tried many things since we left school.I’m now working for a large oil company.‎ A．have you done B．were you doing C．have you been doing D．did you do 解析：　考查动词时态。根据时间状语“all these years”可知，问句问的是“‎ 这些年你一直在干什么”，强调的是谓语动词的动作从过去一直持续到现在，并且目前还在进行。所以用现在完成进行时。‎ 答案：　C ‎2．(2014·湖南岳阳模拟)—Have a break，Amy.You________playing the piano all the morning.‎ ‎—OK，Mom.I will stop after this piece.‎ A．are practicing B．have practiced C．have been practicing D．practiced 解析：　考查时态。句意为：——Amy，体息一会吧。你整个上午都在练习弹钢琴。——好的，妈妈。弹完这首就休息。根据时间状语all the morning可知，此处强调动作从过去某一时间开始，一直延续到现在，故用现在完成进行时。‎ 答案：　C ‎3．(2014·临川一中质检)—Tom________for immediate aid from the medical team.‎ ‎—Really？But the team is not coming till next week.‎ A．has been waiting B．was waiting C．had waited D．will have waited 解析：　考查时态。由句意可知，汤姆一直在等待医疗队的紧急救助，所以应用现在完成进行时。‎ 答案：　A ‎4．(2013·盐城二模)Since the recent river pollution in Shanxi Province，people________more and more attention to the water quality.‎ A．pay B．are paying C．have paid D．have been paying 解析：　考查时态。句意为：因为近来山西省发生的河流污染，人们已经开始越来越多地关注水的质量问题。根据句意可知，“人们关注水的质量问题”这一动作从过去发生到现在仍然在继续，因此用现在完成进行时。‎ 答案：　D ‎5．(2014·四川省南充市第一次适应性考试)—Are you still waiting to make a phone call?‎ ‎—Yes.This woman________on the phone for the last twenty minutes.‎ A．is talking B．was talking C．has talked D．has been talking 解析：　考查动词的时态。根据“for the last twenty minutes”可知，应用现在完成进行时。‎ 答案：　D 课时作业(四十)　Unit 5　Meeting your ancestors ‎(本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！)‎ 第九讲　需要“上下求索”的文章出处题 文章出处题要求考生根据文章所讲述的内容，如广告、科普知识、新闻报导、教育等话题，推测文章节选何处。‎ ‎(2013·陕西卷)‎ About 30 years ago，I left Cuba for the United States with my son.After getting settled finally in Brunswick，New Jersey，I enrolled (注册) my son in kindergarten.Several weeks later，my son’s teacher asked me to meet him at his office.‎ In the teacher’s office，an exchange of greetings was followed by his questions：“Is your son mentally retarded (弱智的)？Does he suffer from any kind of mental disability？”‎ Was he talking about my wonderful Scola？No，no，it can’t be.What a helpless，lonely moment！I told him that Scola was a quiet，sweet little boy，instead.I asked him why he was asking me all these questions.‎ My son could not follow the teacher’s directions，he told me，and thus，Scola was disrupting the class.Didn’t he know my son did not speak English yet?‎ He was angry：“Why hasn’t your son been taught to speak English？Don’t you speak English at home？”‎ No，I didn’t speak English at home，I replied.I was sure my son would learn English in a couple of months，and I didn’t want him to forget his native language.Well，wrong answer！What kind of person would not speak in English to her son at home and at all times？“Are you one of those people who come to this country to save dollars and send them back to their country，never wanting to be a part of this society？”‎ Needless to say，I tried to tell him I was not one of “those people”．Then he told me the meeting was over，and I left.‎ As I had expected，my son learned to speak English fluently before the school year was over.He went on to graduate from college and got a job，earning close to six figures.He travels widely and leads a welladjusted，contented life.And he has benefited from being bilingual (双语的)．‎ Speaking more than one language allows people to communicate with others；it teaches ‎ people about other cultures and other places—something very basic and obviously lacking in the “educator” I met in New Jersey.‎ 语篇解读　本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。作者通过讲述自己的儿子上学前班不会讲英语的经历，表达了多学习一门语言对孩子的终身发展是有好处的观点。‎ ‎1．The teacher asked the author to his office________.‎ A．to discuss Scola’s inclass performance B．to get Scola enrolled in kindergarten C．to find a language partner for Scola D．to work out a study plan for Scola 解析：　细节理解题。从文章第一段最后一句“Several weeks later，my son’s teacher asked me to meet him at his office.”和第二段中老师问的两个问题“Is your son mentally retarded (弱智的)？Does he suffer from any kind of mental disability？可知作者孩子的老师是让作者去讨论孩子在班里的表现。由文章第一段第二句中的“I enrolled”可知作者早就给儿子注册了，故B项不正确；老师没有意识到是作者孩子的语言有问题，所以C项和D项也不正确。‎ 答案：　A ‎2．What does the underlined word “disrupting” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?‎ A．Breaking.　　　　　　 B．Following.‎ C．Attending. D．Disturbing.‎ 解析：　词义猜测题。由前面的“My son could not follow the teacher’s directions”可知作者的孩子听不懂老师的指示，因此“干扰”了课堂，所以该词的意思为“disturbing”。‎ 答案：　D ‎3．The author’s attitude towards being bilingual may best be described as________.‎ A．critical B．casual C．positive D．passive 解析：　观点态度题。从文章倒数第三段中的“Needless to say，I tried to tell him I was not one of ‘those people.’”和文章倒数第二段中的“And he has benefited from being bilingual (双语的)．”可知作者对双语持“肯定的”态度。‎ 答案：　C ‎4．This text is likely to be selected from a book of________.‎ ‎ A．medicine B．education ‎ C．geography D．history 解析：　文章出处题。该文章讲述了在教育中双语教学的益处，因此该文章应该是出自教育类书籍，而不是医药书，也不是地理或者历史方面的书籍。‎ 答案：　B 推测文章的来源或者推测读者对象要求读者本身要具备一定的常识，这样文章的内容才能与读者本身已经具备的常识结合起来。比如读者本身要对报纸、杂志、网络、科普、小说、童话、广告、教材、说明书、旅游指南、药品说明、操作指南等有基本的了解，这样才能根据文章的特点对号入座，选出最佳答案。‎ 例如真题示例第4题为文章出处题。该文章讲述了在教育中双语教学的益处，因此该文章应该是出自教育类书籍，而不是医药书，也不是地理或者历史方面的书籍，故B项正确。‎