2020版高考英语阅读理解一轮提升选练（15）（含解析） 10页

‎2019版高考英语阅读理解一轮提升选练（15）‎ 李仕才 A ‎(2017·河南洛阳高三第一次统考)‎ All over the world mothers and fathers teach their children manners.Other children may have manners that are not like yours.There are all kinds of manners.‎ Many years ago，children who had good manners were seen and not heard.They kept quite quiet if grownups were talking. Today, wellmannered children have more freedom.‎ Sometimes good manners in one place are bad manners in other places. Suppose you are a visitor in the land‎ of ‎Mongolia. Some friends ask you to eat with them. What kind of manners do they want you to have? They want you to give a loud “burp(打嗝)” after you finish eating. Burping would show that you like your food. In some countries, if you give a loud burp, you are told to say“Excuse me, please.” In many places people like to eat together. But in some parts of Polynesia it is bad manners to be seen eating at all. People show good manners by turning their backs on others while they eat. What are manners like in an East African town? The people try not to see you. They are being polite. You may see a friend. He may not see you at all. If you are polite, you will sit down beside him. You will wait until he finishes what he is doing.Then he will talk to you.Suppose you visit a friend in Arabia.You should walk behind the other tents until you come to his tent.If you pass in front of the other tents，you will be asked into each one. The people will ask you to eat with them.And it is bad manners if you say no.‎ Manners are different all over the world.But it is good to know that all manners begin in the same way.People need ways to show that they want to be friends.‎ ‎1．How did polite children behave many years ago?‎ A．By looking into adults’ eyes while talking.‎ B．By keeping silent while adults were talking.‎ C．By slipping into the house without being heard.‎ D．By not opening their mouths until spoken to.‎ ‎2．Which custom should we follow in order to look wellmannered?‎ A．Saying “Excuse me” on burping in Mongolia.‎ B．Inviting guests to dinner together in Polynesia.‎ C．Talking with a friend before he completes things in East Africa.‎ 10‎ D．Accepting an eating invitation in Arabia.‎ ‎3．What can we infer from the text?‎ A．Hear much，speak little.‎ B．Love me，love my dog.‎ C．When in Rome do as the Romans do.‎ D．Do what you ought to and come what can.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文主要介绍了世界上一些地方的礼仪。‎ ‎1．B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的第二句可知，过去，在大人们说话时，儿童保持沉默是一种礼貌的行为。‎ ‎2．D　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的最后两句可知，接受阿拉伯人一起吃饭的邀请是礼貌的行为。‎ ‎3．C　解析：推理判断题。根据全文内容尤其是最后一段的第一句可推知，礼仪因地域而各有不同，因此最好的做法是入乡随俗。‎ B ‎(2015·河北七校高三联考)‎ It was something she had dreamed of since she was five.Finally，after years of training and intensive workouts，Deborah Duffey was going to compete in her first high school basketball game.The goals of becoming an outstanding player and playing college ball were never far from Deborah’s mind.‎ The game was against Mills High School.With 1 minute and 42 seconds left in the game，Deborah’s team led by one point.A player of Mills had possession of the ball，and Deborah ran to guard against her.As Deborah was running to block the player，her knee went out and she fell down on the court in burning pain.Just like that，Deborah’s season was over.‎ After suffering the bad injury，Deborah found that，for the first time in her life，she was in a situation beyond her control.Game after game，she could do nothing but sit on the sidelines watching others play the game that she loved so much.‎ 10‎ Injuries limited Deborah’s time on the court as she hurt her knees three more times in the next five years.She had to spend countless hours in a physical clinic to receive treatment.Her frequent visits there gave her a passion and respect for the profession.And Deborah began to see a new light in her life.‎ Currently as a senior in college，Deborah focuses on getting a degree in physical treatment.After she graduates，Deborah plans to use her knowledge to educate people how to best take care of their bodies and cope_with the feelings of hopelessness that she remembers so well.‎ ‎1．What is the best title for this passage?‎ A．A Painful Mistake B．Great Adventure C．A Lifelong Punishment D．A New Direction in Life ‎2．How did Deborah feel when she first hurt her knee?‎ A．Calm.　　　　　　　　　 B．Confused.‎ C．Ashamed. D．Disappointed.‎ ‎3．What is TRUE about Deborah Duffey?‎ A．She didn’t play on the court after the injury.‎ B．She injured her knee when she was trying to block a player.‎ C．She knew that she couldn’t be a basketball player when she was a child.‎ D．She refused to seek professional assistance to help her recover from her injuries.‎ ‎4．What does the underlined phrase “cope with”in the last paragraph most likely 10‎ ‎ mean?‎ A．Put up with. B．Get along with.‎ C．Deal with. D．Come up with.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文主要介绍了Deborah Duffey是如何从篮球比赛的受伤中获得新生的。‎ ‎1．解析：选D。标题归纳题。根据文章最后一段可知，Deborah Duffey现在正在大学学习物理疗法，毕业后，她打算利用所学知识教育人们如何照顾身体和处理无助的感觉，即Deborah找到了人生新的方向，故选D项。‎ ‎2．解析：选D。推理判断题。根据第三段中的“she was in a situation beyond her control.Game after game，she could do nothing but...loved so much”可推知，Deborah对自己目前的状况感到失望，故选D项。‎ ‎3．解析：选B。正误判断题。根据第二段中的“As Deborah was running to block the player，her knee went out and she fell down on the court in burning pain”可知，Deborah在拦截一个球员时，膝盖受伤了，故选B项。‎ ‎4．解析：选C。词义猜测题。根据文章最后一段的内容可知，Deborah Duffey现在正在大学学习物理疗法，毕业后，她打算利用所学的知识教育人们如何照顾身体和处理无助的感觉，deal with“处理”，故选C项。‎ C ‎【2016模拟题】 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。‎ 10‎ Winter Vinecki began running at age five, but got serious in 2015 after her father died of cancer — that’s when she decided to honor his memory by running a marathon on every continent before her 15th birthday.‎ Scope: Team Winter is an organization you founded to raise money for cancer research. How did it get started?‎ Winter: At first, Team Winter was formed to fight childhood obesity. When I was 8, I ran a race and raised $1,100 for that cause. But less than a year later, my dad got cancer. I knew I had to do something to help. When I started, my goal was to raise $10,000. I’ve raised well past that — almost $500,000.‎ Scope: What goes through your mind when you run?‎ Winter: When I’m having a hard time during a race, I think about my dad. If he could deal with the pain of cancer, I can deal with any type of pain. He was a very friendly person. He was always smiling and very happy even when he had cancer.‎ Scope: Is your age ever an obstacle in your races?‎ Winter: I’ve been turned down by race directors who won’t let anyone younger than 16 or 18 compete. But Diana Nyad, the first person to swim from Cuba to Florida without a shark cage, told me, “Never let them tell you it can’t be done.” From then on I knew my age wasn’t the problem.‎ Scope: You’ve probably inspired lots of people too.‎ Winter: I’ve heard about kids doing projects like me. Once in a restaurant, a boy came up to my mom and me and told us his dad had cancer too. Now he’s competing in running for his dad. Hearing stories like that helps keep me going.‎ ‎1. What do we know about Team Winter?‎ A. It always holds different races. B. Its final goal is to raise $500,000.‎ C. It was named after Winter’s father. D. It was to help obese children at first.‎ ‎2. When Winter has a hard time during a race, what keeps her going?‎ A. Her father’s illness.          B. Her father’s success.‎ C. Her father’s bravery.                      D. Her father’s kindness.‎ ‎3. Winter’s words in the last paragraph tell us that _____.‎ 10‎ A. she sets a good example for others B. she hopes others will do what she does C. the boy wants to join Team Winter D. the boy invites her to compete with him ‎(个人情况)本文是应用文。文章是对15岁马拉松选手Winter Vinecki的访谈。‎ ‎1. D。细节理解题。根据第一部分问答的At first, Team Winter was formed to fight childhood obesity可知，Winter创建Team Winter的最初目的是为肥胖儿童筹集善款。‎ ‎2. C。推理判断题。根据第二部分问答可知，如果Winter在比赛中遇到困难，她会想到父亲总是微笑地面对病痛。故正是父亲在病痛面前表现出的勇敢让Winter在困境中继续前进。‎ ‎3. A。推理判断题。从最后一部分问答的kids doing projects like me以及男孩为帮助父亲参加比赛的举动可知，Winter为他人树立了良好的榜样。‎ D ‎(2015·潍坊一模)‎ Can you imagine a world without chocolate? It’s not something I’d like to do，so I was relieved to read that there’s a university with a programme to safeguard the future of chocolate!‎ The University of Reading，in England，has just opened a new clearing house for all the world’s new cocoa varieties.They must be quarantined (实行检疫) before they can be grown.Why? Cocoa production hit a record high of 4.4 million tons last year but about 30% of the precious crop is regularly lost to pests and diseases.Now we don’t want that，do we?‎ Demand for chocolate has been increasing faster than the world supply of cocoa and researchers think that new varieties are key to solving this problem.‎ The University of Reading has been protecting the quality of the new crop since ‎ 10‎ ‎1985，after it took over the task from the Royal Botanical Gardens in Kew，London.And it has improved its facilities.The leader of the institution’s cocoa project，Professor Paul Hadley，says，“One of the main issues concerning cocoa improvement is the supply of reliably clean，healthy，interesting cocoa material.”‎ The cocoa centre has a collection of 400 plant varieties and their greenhouse uses a lot of energy to keep them in tropical conditions.After up to two years in quarantine，clean and safe seeds are sent to some 20 countries，including several in West Africa.That’s where 75% of the cocoa used for chocolate worldwide comes from.The crop is extremely important for the local economy：it employs about two million people.‎ Professor Paul Hadley says he works with a small team of skilled technicians who look after the collection.And more of us seem to count on them now.‎ The scientist says，“There is some concern within the industry that demand is increasing constantly，particularly in countries like China，where the standard of living is increasing and people are getting a taste for different chocolates.”‎ ‎1．What is the text mainly about?‎ A．Safeguarding cocoa seeds.‎ B．Planting cocoa seeds worldwide.‎ C．Keeping cocoa seeds in greenhouse.‎ D．Finding the new market for cocoa.‎ ‎2．The institution’s cocoa project is to ________．‎ A．have cocoa skin removed B．offer more jobs to people 10‎ C．ensure the quality of cocoa D．supply cocoa for two million people ‎3．What does the last paragraph tell us?‎ A．The taste of chocolates is changing.‎ B．Demand for cocoa is increasing continually.‎ C．People are concerned about cocoa varieties.‎ D．Chinese have a long history of eating chocolates.‎ ‎4．What’s the purpose of the text?‎ A．To educate. 　　　　 B．To advertise.‎ C．To warn. D．To inform.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文主要介绍了英国一项保护可可种子的项目。‎ ‎1．解析：选A。主旨大意题。根据第一段的第二句“It’s not something I’d like to do，so I was relieved to read that there’s a university with a programme to safeguard the future of chocolate！”及第五段中的“clean and safe seeds”可知，本文主要讲的是英国保护可可种子的项目，即A项正确。‎ ‎2．解析：选C。推理判断题。根据第四段的最后一句“The leader of the institution’s cocoa project，Professor Paul Hadley，says，‘One of the main issues concerning cocoa improvement is the supply of reliably clean，healthy，interesting cocoa material.’”可知，这个机构是要确保可可粉的质量，即C项正确。‎ ‎3．解析：选B。细节理解题。根据最后一段的关键词“demand is increasing constantly”可知，本段主要讲可可需求的不断增长，即B项正确。‎ ‎4．解析：选D。写作意图题。文章第一段点题，结合全文的整体内容可知，本文主要介绍了英国保护可可种子的项目，属于向读者传递信息的类型，即D项正确。‎ E 10‎ We know that prescription drugs can be costly and we’re here to help. Over 60 ,000 independent and major retail pharmacies（零售药房）nationwide accept the Simple Savings Card. Find one near you.‎ ‎●Simply download a free card from our site or choose to have one mailed directly to you. The process is simple and, because it’s not insurance, everyone is eligible—there’s no qualification process.‎ ‎●Print your Simple Savings Card and sign it. Now it’s ready to use.‎ ‎●Present your card with your next prescription purchase and save up to $600! Store your card and use it for each prescription purchase.‎ ‎ Because of our size and relationships within the pharmaceutical industry, we are able to negotiate lower prices on your behalf. We get paid by the pharmaceutical companies when you use your card.‎ ‎ Please note that you cannot use both your insurance card and the Simple Savings Card at the same time. If you have an insurance plan that covers the prescription you are purchasing, we recommend you use your insurance plan first. If you don’t have insurance or if the drug you are purchasing is not covered by your insurance plan, you can use your Simple Savings Card. ‎ ‎ You are just steps away from unlocking great savings on your prescription drugs. Simply complete the form to obtain your FREE Simple Savings Card. Or, you may request a card by phone. To speak to one of our helpful team members, call us at 800-451-0133.‎ ‎1. The details given on this form mainly tell us_________.‎ A. how the Card works ‎ B. how the Card discounts C. how the Card can be free D. how the card is purchased ‎2. Which of the following is advised to use the Card?‎ A. The one who has no insurance plan.‎ B. The one who can find pharmaies near him.‎ C. The one who has a wide insurance coverage.‎ D. The one who wants to use the card with his insurance.‎ 10‎ ‎3. Which is true about the Simple Savings Card?‎ A. It is health insurance.‎ B. It is a discount program.‎ C. It can be used with insurance car. ‎ D. It is accepted in hospitals.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文为介绍说明文。文章介绍了一项能帮助人们在购买药品时节省钱的项目。‎ ‎1. A 【解析】推理判断题。根据文章所给的细节可知，此处在介绍如何得到和使用Simple Savings Card。故 选A。‎ ‎3. B 【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段中的＂We know that prescription drugs can be costly and we’re here to help＂及倒数第一段中的＂You are just steps away from unlocking great savings on your prescription ‎ drugs.＂可推知，这是一个打折项目，能帮助人们省钱。故选B。‎ 10‎