2020版高考英语阅读理解一轮练题（8）（含解析） 10页

‎2019版高考英语阅读理解一轮练题（8）‎ 李仕才 A Nowadays more and more people are talking about genetically modified foods ( GM foods). GM foods develop from genetically modified organisms (有机体), which have had specific changes introduced into their DNA by genetic engineering techniques. These techniques are much more precise where an organism is exposed to chemicals to create a nonspecific but stable change. For many people, the hightech production raises all kinds of environmental, ethical, health and safety problems. Particularly in countries with long farming traditions, the idea seems against nature.‎ In fact, GM foods are already very much a part of our lives. They were first put on the market in 1996. A third of the corn and more than half the cotton grown in the U. S.‎ last year was the product of biotechnology, according to the Department of Agriculture. More than 65 million acres of genetically modified crops will be planted in the US this year. The genetic genie is out of the bottle.‎ However, like any new product entering the food chain, GM foods must be subjected to careful testing. In wealthy countries, the debate about biotech is not so fierce by the fact that they have a large number of foods to choose from, and a supply that goes beyond the needs. In developing countries desperate to feed fastgrowing and underfed populations, the matter is simpler and much more urgent: do the benefits of biotech outweigh the risks?‎ The statistics on population growth and hunger are disturbing. Last year the world's population reached 6 billion. The UN states that nearly 800 million people around the world are unhealthy. About 400 million women of childbearing age don' t have enough iron, which means their babies are exposed to various birth defeats.As many as 100 million children suffer from vitamin A deficiency, a leading cause of blindness.‎ How can biotech help? Genetic engineering is widely used to produce plants and animals with better nutritional values. Biotechnologists have developed genetically modified rice and they are working on other kinds of nutritionally improved crops.‎ 10‎ ‎ Biotech can also improve farming productivity in places where food shortages are caused by crop damage attributable to drought, poor soil and crop viruses.‎ ‎1.The passage mainly talks about________.‎ A. the world's food problem B. the development in biotech C. the genetically modified foods D. the way to solve food shortages ‎2.According to the passage, GM foods________.‎ A. will replace naturally grown foods B. are far better than naturally grown foods C. may help to solve the problem of poor nutrition D. can cause serious trouble in developing countries ‎3.The underlined sentence “The genetic genie is out of the bottle.” in Paragraph 2 probably means that________.‎ A.GM foods are available everywhere B. the technology in producing GM foods is advanced C. genetic technology may have uncontrollable powers D. genetic technology has come out of laboratories into markets ‎4.What's the writer's attitude towards GM foods?‎ A. Enthusiastic. B. Cautious. ‎ C. Disapproving. D. Unbelievable.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了转基因食品及其对人类生活的影响。‎ ‎1.C 【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章内容，特别是第一段中的“Nowadays more and more people are talking about genetically modified foods ( GM foods).”可知，本文主要介绍的是转基因食品。‎ ‎2.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Genetic engineering is widely used to produce plants and animals with better nutritional values.”可知，转基因食品有助于解决营养不良问题。‎ 10‎ ‎4.B 【解析】观点态度题。根据第三段中的“However, like any new product entering the food chain, GM foods must be subjected to careful testing.”可知，作者认为转基因食品进入市场前需要严格的检测，由此可见作者对转基因食品的态度是谨慎的。‎ B Surviving Hurricane Sandy(飓风桑迪)‎ Natalie Doan,14,has always felt lucky to live in Rockaway,New York.Living just a few blocks from the beach,Natalie can see the ocean and hear the waves from her house.“It’s the ocean that makes Rockaway so special,” she says.‎ On October 29,2012,that ocean turned fierce.That night,Hurricane Sandy attacked the East Coast,and Rockaway was hit especially hard.Fortunately,Natalie’s family escaped to Brooklyn shortly before the city’s bridges closed.‎ When they returned to Rockaway the next day,they found their neighborhood in ruins.Many of Natalie’s friends had lost their homes and were living far away.All around her,people were suffering,especially the elderly.Natalie’s school was so damaged that she had to temporarily attend a school in Brooklyn.‎ In the following few days,the men and women helping Rockaway recover inspired Natalie.Volunteers came with carloads of donated clothing and toys.Neighbors devoted their spare time to helping others rebuild.Teenagers climbed dozens of flights of stairs to deliver water and food to elderly people trapped in powerless high-rise buildings.‎ ‎“My mom tells me that I can’t control what happens to me,”Natalie says,“but I can always choose how I deal with it.”‎ Natalie’s choice was to help.‎ She created a website page,matching survivors in need with donors who wanted to help.Natalie posted information about a boy named Patrick,who lost his baseball card collection when his house burned down.Within days,Patrick’s collection was replaced.‎ In the coming months,her website page helped lots of kids:Christopher,who received a new basketball;Charlie,who got a new keyboard.Natalie also worked with other organizations to bring much-needed supplies to Rockaway.Her efforts made her a famous ‎ 10‎ person.Last April,she was invited to the White House and honored as a Hurricane Sandy Champion of Change.‎ Today,the scars(创痕) of destruction are still seen in Rockaway,but hope is in the air.The streets are clear,and many homes have been rebuilt.“I can’t imagine living anywhere but Rockaway,”Natalie declares.“My neighborhood will be back,even stronger than before.”‎ ‎1.When Natalie returned to Rockaway after the hurricane,she found 　　　. ‎ A.some friends had lost their lives B.her neighborhood was destroyed C.her school had moved to ‎Brooklyn D.the elderly were free from suffering ‎2.According to Paragraph 4,who inspired Natalie most?‎ A.The people helping Rockaway rebuild.‎ B.The people trapped in high-rise buildings.‎ C.The volunteers donating money to survivors.‎ D.Local teenagers bringing clothing to elderly people.‎ ‎3.How did Natalie help the survivors?‎ A.She gave her toys to other kids.‎ B.She took care of younger children.‎ C.She called on the White House to help.‎ D.She built an information sharing platform.‎ ‎4.What does the story intend to tell us?‎ A.Little people can make a big difference.‎ B.A friend in need is a friend indeed.‎ C.East or west,home is best.‎ D.Technology is power.‎ ‎1.B　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知,Natalie第二天回到家时,发现她们的居住区已变成一片废墟。‎ ‎2.A　细节理解题。根据第四段第一句中的“...the men and women helping Rockaway recover inspired Natalie.”可知,帮助洛克威重建的人们使Natalie最受鼓舞。‎ 10‎ ‎3.D　细节理解题。根据第七段第一句可知,她建立了一个网站,将需要帮助的幸存者和想要帮助灾民的捐赠者进行匹配。故选D项(她建立了一个信息共享平台)。‎ ‎4.A　主旨大意题。Natalie作为一个年仅14岁的小女孩,在飓风桑迪席卷家乡后,通过建立网站匹配需求者与捐赠者,使得许许多多需要帮助的人得到了帮助。本文彰显了在灾难面前,小人物也可以大有作为的真理。故选A项。B项意为“患难见真情”;C项意为“金窝银窝,不如自己的狗窝”;D项意为“技术就是力量”;均不符合文意。‎ C Dear Sir，‎ I was surprised to read your recent editorial on the question of students' parttime jobs. You appear to be making lots of general comments on the basis of just one unfortunate case (I assure you that not all young people who deliver newspapers are as foolish and dishonest as the two youths mentioned in your article, and one singlecase is not strong enough in supporting a point as evidence. I think you wouldn't disagree with me at this point)．‎ The first point I would like to make is that there are many jobs teenagers can do which give them useful experience of the working world. They are brought into contact with a variety of people, often older, and are given experience of expressing themselves clearly and logically. Every young man will eventually be involved in social net work, and we can't expect them to act as a mature adult once they step out of school. I am thinking here of jobs such as travel guides and shop assistants. Parttime jobs are actually a kind of guiding that young people need before they play their role in real career.‎ Another argument for school children and college students having holiday or weekend jobs is that many parents need the financial assistance. If we take, for example, a family in which the father is unemployed or perhaps a singleparent family on a low income, it seems logical and fair that a son or daughter should try to bring money into the household. And I think it's also an education to young people what family responsibility is and what one should do in terms of showing their care and love.‎ One further thing I want to say is that a lot of jobs for the young can be fun for the people who do them and also useful to the community. Youngsters who help in schools, hospitals and with the elderly often gain a great deal of pleasure and satisfaction as well as contributing something valuable to local society. And the experience will make young people feel their value in our society so that they will be more eager to 10‎ ‎ learn and more willing to offer their help.‎ In conclusion, I would add that when I was a girl, my father said my teens were a time for books, hobbies and academic studies. Thinking back, I feel I would have learnt much more—about myself, other people and life in general—if he had allowed me to do a limited amount of real work. Certainly, when she is old enough, I shall encourage my own daughter to do so, rather than waste her time with soap operas, computer games and discos, like so many young people today. I don't mean having fun is a waste of time. I just want to point out that fun and parttime jobs could be balanced.‎ Yours faithfully，‎ Margaret Williams 文章大意：本文是写给报社编辑的一封信。在信中，作者表达了对该社最近发表的关于“青少年不应该做兼职工作(打零工)”这篇文章的反对，并给出了自己的理由和见解。‎ ‎1．Which of the following is true according to the letter?‎ A．Parttime jobs help teenagers develop social skills.‎ B．All young people doing parttime jobs are intelligent and honest.‎ C．Children in singleparent families should not do part time jobs.‎ D．The writer did parttime jobs when she was at school.‎ 答案：A　细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容可知，A项“打零工能够帮助孩子培养社会技能”表述正确。B项在文中没有涉及；根据第三段第二句可知，C项错误；根据最后一段第二句可知，D项错误。故答案选A。‎ ‎2．What does the writer think many of the young people are doing now?‎ A．Taking some parttime jobs to help their family.‎ B．Doing their academic learning heart and soul.‎ C．Wasting time with soap operas and computer games or discos.‎ D．Doing community services by helping the old or the sick in hospitals.‎ 答案：C　细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数第三句中的“waste her time with soap operas, computer games and discos, like so many young people today”可知，作者认为现在很多孩子都将时间浪费在看肥皂剧、玩游戏或去迪厅等娱乐上面了。故答案选C。‎ ‎3．What can we learn from the letter?‎ A．The writer of the letter is doing some parttime jobs.‎ B．An article against teenagers' doing parttime jobs was published.‎ C．Teenagers of the time are not doing the right thing.‎ D．The writer of the letter is a teenager from a singleparent family.‎ 答案：B 10‎ ‎　推理判断题。根据文章第一段可知，社论中就两个年轻人在送报纸的兼职工作中的不诚实行为做了很多评论，不赞成年轻人做兼职工作，故可推断出报社刊登的文章应是一篇“反对青少年做兼职工作”的文章。故答案选B。‎ D ‎(2017·江西重点中学盟校第二次联考)‎ School‎ of ‎Cinema‎ and Performing Arts It offers two two-week sessions and one three-week session during the summer.Your teen can participate in the filmmaking,acting,dance,photography programs.He will work with professionals who will teach him the latest technology through hands-on experience.Tuition includes day trips to amusement parks and other Los Angeles tourism sites.Housing and food can be arranged in dorms for an additional fee.‎ Address:‎‎1600 Campus Road‎,‎Los Angeles Tel:800-718-2787‎ ID Tech Camps at UCLA It offers computer and gaming related camps at the UCLA campus.Teens can join in day camps,overnight camps or weekend gaming camps.Your teen will use the latest technology available to learn video game design,web design and computer programming.Overnight campers will stay in the college dorms.‎ Address:‎‎405 Hilgard Ave‎,‎Los Angeles Tel:888-709-8324‎ Summer Discovery at UCLA It offers three or six weeks’ residential camps at the UCLA campus.Three-week courses can include academic or art classes for enrichment purposes.In this summer camp,your teen will get a taste of what to expect when she enters college.She can choose from sports management,business management,healthy lifestyle programs,ESL-TOEFL programs and more.‎ Address:‎‎405 Hilgard Ave‎,‎Los Angeles Tel:516-621-3939‎ Power‎ Chord ‎Academy It offers a seven-day course that caters(迎合)to residential or day teens,as well 10‎ ‎ as a three-day course.Teens will meet a touring band,learn technical aspects about the music industry and being a musician in current times,write songs,perform concerts,make a music video,record a CD and meet a touring band.No experience or musical background is necessary.‎ Address:7336 Santa Monica Blvd,Los Angeles Tel:800-897-6677‎ ‎1.From the first paragraph,we can learn School of Cinema and Performing Arts 　　　. ‎ A.is devoted to healthy lifestyle programs B.provides free meals for its teen campers at weekends C.requests the professionals to teach its teen campers the quickest methods D.gives its campers a chance to do filmmaking and acting by themselves ‎2.Which number will you dial if you want to become a businessman in future?‎ A.800-718-2787.　‎ B.516-621-3939.‎ C.888-709-8324.　‎ D.800-897-6677.‎ ‎3.What do the four camps have in common?‎ A.All of them provide accommodation.‎ B.They lie on the same business area.‎ C.Teens can go to amusement parks for free.‎ D.They have latest technology during each session.‎ ‎1.D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Your teen can participate in the filmmaking,acting,dance,photography programs.”可知,你的孩子可参与到电影制作、表演、跳舞、拍摄工程中。结合选项分析可知应选D项。‎ ‎2.B　细节理解题。根据第三部分中的“She can choose from sports management,business management,healthy lifestyle programs,ESL-TOEFL program and more.”可知应选B项。‎ ‎3.A　整体把握题。根据文中“Housing and food can be arranged in dorms for an additional fee.”及“Overnight campers will stay in the college dorm”等语句可知,四个露营均提供住宿。故选A项。‎ 10‎ E When I lived in Spain, some Spanish friends of mine decided to visit England by car. Before they left, they asked me for advice about how to find accommodation. I suggested that they should stay at“bed and breakfast” houses, because this kind of accommodation gives a foreign visitor a good chance to speak English with the family. My friends listened to my advice, but they came back with some funny stories.‎ ‎“We didn’t stay at ‘bed and breakfast’ houses,” they said, “because we found that most families were away on holiday.”‎ I thought this was strange. Finally I understood what had happened. My friends spoke little English, and they thought “VACANCIES” meant “holidays”, because the Spanish word for “holidays” is “vacaciones”. So they did not go to the house where the sign outside said “VACANCIES”, which in English means there are free rooms. Then my friends went to the house where the sign said “NO VACANCIES”, because they thought this meant the people who owned the house were not away on holiday. But they found that these houses were all full. As a result, they stayed at hotels!‎ We laughed about this and about mistakes my friends made in reading other signs. In Spanish, the word “DIVERSION” means fun. In English, it means that workmen are repairing the road, and that you must take a different road. When my friends saw the word “DIVERSION” on a road sign, they thought they were going to have fun. Instead, the road ended in a large hole.‎ English people have problems too when they learn foreign languages. Once in Paris, when someone offered me some more coffee, I said ‘Thank you’ in French. I meant that I would like some more. However, to my surprise the coffee pot was taken away! Later I found out that ‘Thank you’ in French means ‘No, thank you’.‎ ‎1.My Spanish friends wanted advice about 　　　. ‎ A.learning English B.finding places to stay in ‎England C.driving their car on English roads D.going to England by car 答案:B 10‎ 解析:细节理解题。根据第一段的“Beforetheyleft,theyaskedmeforadviceabouthowtofindaccommodation.”可知,他们想问作者一些关于在英国找住所的建议。‎ ‎2.I suggested that they stay at “bed and breakfast” houses because 　　　. ‎ A.they would be able to practise their English B.it would be much cheaper than staying in hotels C.it would be convenient for them to have dinner D.there would be no problem about finding accommodation there 答案:A 解析:细节理解题。根据第一段的“...becausethiskindofaccommodationgivesaforeignvisitoragoodchancetospeakEnglishwiththefamily.”可知A项正确。‎ ‎3.If you see a road sign that says “DIVERSION” in the UK, you will 　　　. ‎ A.fall into a hole B.have a lot of fun and enjoy yourself C.find that the road is blocked by crowds of people D.have to take a different road 答案:D 解析:细节理解题。根据第四段的内容可知,如果在英国的路上看到“DIVERSION”这个标志,意思是道路正在施工,要换一条路走。‎ ‎4.I was surprised when the coffee pot was taken away because I 　　　. ‎ A.hadn’t finished drinking my coffee B.was expecting another cup of coffee C.meant that I didn’t want any more D.was never misunderstood 答案:B 解析:细节理解题。根据最后一段可知,作者本来说“Thankyou”是再要一些咖啡,但在法语中“Thankyou”却表示不要,所以服务员把作者的咖啡壶拿走了,当时作者不知道它在法语中的这种意思,所以感到很吃惊。‎ 10‎