2015年高考全国卷1英语试题及答案解析 12页

‎2015年高考全国卷1（听力省略）‎ 英语试题及答案解析 注意事项：‎ ‎ 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。‎ ‎ 第Ⅰ卷1页至10页，第Ⅱ卷11页至13页。‎ ‎2. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名，准考证号填写在本试卷相应的位置。‎ ‎3. 全部答案在答题卡上完成，搭载本试卷上无效。‎ ‎4. 第Ⅰ卷听力部分满分30分，不计入总分，考试成绩录取时提供给高校作参考。‎ ‎5. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。‎ ‎ 第Ⅰ卷 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）‎ 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）‎ 第一节 ‎（共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A Monthly Talks at London Canal Museum ‎ Our monthly talks start at 19:30 on the first Thursday of each month except August. Admission is at normal charges and you don’t need to book. They end around 21:00.‎ November 7th The Canal Pioneers, by Chris Lewis. James Brindley is recognized as one of the leading early canal engineers. He was also a major player in training others in the art of nanal planning and building. Chris Lewis will explain how Brindley made such a positive contribution to the education of that group of early “civil enginerrs”.‎ December 5th Ice for the Metropolis, by Malcolm Tucker. Well before the arrival of freezers, there was a demand for ice for food preservation and catering, Malcolm will explain the history of importing natural ice and the technology of building ice wells, and how London’s ice trade grew.‎ February 6th An Update on the Cotsword Canals, by Liz Payne. The Smoudwater Canal is moving towards reopenling. The Thames and Severn Canal will take a little longer. We will have a report on the present state of play.‎ March 6th Eyots and Aits- Thames Islands, by Miranda Vickers. The Thames had many islands. Miranda has undertaken a review of all of them. She will tell us about those of greatest interest.‎ ‎ Online bookings:www.canalmuseum.org.uk/book ‎ More into:www.canalmuseum.org.uk/whatson ‎ London Canal Museum ‎ 12-13 New Wharf Road, London NI 9RT ‎ www.canalmuseum.org.uk www.canalmuseum.mobi ‎ Tel:020 77130836‎ ‎21.When is the talk on James Brindley?‎ A. February 6th.‎ B. March 6th.‎ C. November 7th.‎ D. December 5th.‎ ‎22. What is the topic of the talk in February?‎ A. The Canal Pioneers.‎ B. Ice for the Metropolis C. Eyots and Aits- Thames Islands D. An Update on the Cotsword Canals ‎23. Who will give the talk on the islands in the Thames.‎ A. Miranda Vickers B. Malcolm Tucker C. Chris Lewis D. Liz Payne ‎ B The freezing Northeast hasn’t been a terribly fun place to spend time this winter, so when the chance came for a weekend to Sarasota, Florida, my bags were packed before you could say “sunshine”. I left for the land of warmth and vitamin C(维生素C), thinking of beaches and orange trees. When we touched down to blue skies and warm air, I sent up a small prayer of gratefulness. Swimming pools, wine tasting, and pink sunsets(at normal evening hours, not 4 in the afternoon) filled the weekend, but the best part- particularly to my taste, dulled by months of cold- weather root vegetables- was a 7 a.m. adventure to the Sarasota farmers’ market that proved to be more than worth the early wake-up call.‎ ‎ The market, which was founded in 1979, sets up its tents every Saturday from 7:00 am to 1 p.m, rain or shine, along North Lemon and State streets. Baskets of perfect red strawberries, the red-painted sides of the Java Dawg coffee truck; and most of all, the tomatoes: amazing, large, soft and round red tomatoes.‎ Disappointed by many a broken, vine-ripened(蔓上成熟的) promise, I’ve refused to buy winter tomatoes for years. No matter how attractive they look in the store, once I get them home they’re unfailingly dry, hard, and tasteless. But I homed in, with uncertainty, on one particular table at the Brown’s Grove Farm’s stand, full of fresh and soft tomatoes the size of my fist. These were the real deal- and at that moment, I realized that the best part of Sarasota in winter was going to be eating things that back home in New York I wouldn’t be experiencing again for months.‎ ‎ Delighted as I was by the tomatoes in sight, my happiness deepened when I learned that Brown’s Grove Farm is one of the suppliers for Jack Dusty, a newly opened restaurant at the Sarasota Ritz Carlton, where- luckily for me- I was planning to have dinner that very night. Without even seeing the menu, I knew I’d be ordering every tomato on it.‎ ‎24. What did the author think of her winter life in New York?‎ A. Exciting. B. Boring. C. Relaxing. D. Annoying.‎ ‎25. What made the author’s getting up late early worthwhile?‎ A. Having a swim.‎ B. Breathing in fresh air.‎ C. Walking in the morning sun.‎ D. Visiting a local farmer’s market.‎ ‎26. What can we learn about tomatoes sold in New York in winter?‎ A. They are soft.‎ B. They look nice.‎ C. They taste great.‎ D. They are juicy.‎ ‎27. What was the author going to that evening?‎ A. Go to a farm. ‎ B. Check into a hotel.‎ C. Eat in a restaurant.‎ D. Buy fresh vegatables.‎ C Salvador Dali (1904-1989) was one of the most popular of modern artists. The Pompidou Centre in Paris is showing its respect and admiration for the artist and his powerful personality with an exhibition bringing together over 200 paintings, sculptures, drawings and more. Among the works and masterworks on exhibition the visitor will find the best pieces, most importantly The Persistence of Memory. There is also L’Enigme sans Fin from 1938, works on paper, objects, and projects for stage and screen and selected parts from television programmes reflecting the artist’s showman qualities.‎ The visitor will enter the World of Dali through an egg and is met with the beginning, the world of birth. The exhibition follows a path of time and subject with the visitor exiting through the brain.‎ The exhibition shows how Dali draws the viewer between two infinities (无限). “From the infinity small to the infinity large, contraction and expansion coming in and out of focus: amazing Flemish accuracy and the showy Baroque of old painting that he used in his museum-theatre in Figueras,” explains the Pompidou Centre.‎ The fine selection of the major works was done in close collaboration (合作)with the Museo Nacional Reina Sofia in Madrid, Spain, and with contributions from other institutions like the Salvador Dali Museum in St. Petersburg.‎ ‎28. Which of the following best describe Dali according to Paragraph 1?‎ A. Optimistic. B. Productive C. Generous. D. Traditional.‎ ‎29. What is Dali’s The Persistence of Memory considered to be?‎ ‎ A. One of his masterworks.‎ ‎ B. A successful screen adaptation.‎ ‎ C. An artistic creation for the stage.‎ ‎ D. One of the beat TV programmes.‎ ‎30. How are the exhibits arranged at the World of Dali?‎ A. By popularity.‎ B. By importance.‎ C. By size and shape.‎ D. By time and subject.‎ ‎31. What does the word “contributions” in the last paragraph refer to? ‎ ‎ A. Artworks. B. Projects. C. Donations. D. Documents.‎ D Conflict is on the menu tonight at the café La Chope. This evening, as on every Thursday night, psychologist Maud Lehanne is leading two of France’s favorite pastimes, coffee drinking and the “talking cure”. Here they are learning to get in touch with their true feelings. It isn’t always easy. They customers-some thirty Parisians who pay just under $2 (plus drinks) per session-care quick to intellectualize (高谈阔论)，slow to open up and connect. “You are forbidden to say ‘one feels,’ or ‘people think’,”Lehane told them. “Say ‘I think,’ ‘Think me’.”‎ A café society where no intellectualizing is allowed? It couldn’t seem more un-French. But Lehanne’s psychology café is about more than knowing oneself: It’s trying to help the city’s troubled neighborhood cafes. Over the years, Parisian cafes have fallen victim to changes in the French lifestyle-longer working hours, a fast food boom and a younger generation’s desire to spend more time at home. Dozens of new theme cafes appear to change the situation. Cafes focused around psychology, history, and engineering are catching on, filling tables well into the evening.‎ ‎32.What are people encouraged to do at the cafe La Chope?‎ A. Learn a new subject B. Keep in touch with friends.‎ C. Show off their knowledge.‎ D. Express their true feelings.‎ ‎33. How are cafes affected by French lifestyle changes?‎ A. They are less frequently visited.‎ B. They stay open for longer hours.‎ C. They have bigger night crowds.‎ D. They start to serve fast food.‎ ‎34. What are theme cafes expected to do?‎ A. Create more jobs.‎ B. Supply better drinks.‎ C. Save the cafe business.‎ D. Serve the neighborhood.‎ ‎35. Why are psychology cafes becoming popular in Paris?‎ A. They bring people true friendship.‎ B. They give people spiritual support.‎ C. They help people realize their dreams.‎ D. They offer a platform for business links.‎ 第二节 （共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）‎ ‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Building Trust in a Relationship Again Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences, 36 . That is a risk. But you can’t be successful when there’s a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.‎ Unfortunately, we’ve all been victims of betrayal. Whether we’ve been suffer from, lied to , misled, or cheated on, there are different levels of losing trust. Sometimes people simply can’t trust anymore, 37. It’s understandable, but if you’re willing to build trust in a relationship again, we have some steps you can take to get you there.‎ l ‎38 having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see ‎ what the best outcome would be for your well-being.‎ l ‎39 If you’ve been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance. But there’s a difference between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”. At some point in all of our lives, we’ll have our trust tested or violated.‎ l You didn’t lose “everything”. Once trust is lost, what is left? Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life. 40 instead, it’s a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.‎ A. Learn to really trust yourself.‎ B. It is putting confidence in someone.‎ C. Stop regarding yourself as the victim.‎ D. Remember that you can expect the best in return.‎ E. They’ve been too badly hurt and they can’t bear to let it happen again.‎ F. This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.‎ ‎ Seeing the positive side of things doesn’t mean you’re ignoring what happened.‎ 第三部分 英语知识运用 （共两节，满分45）‎ 第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题15分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ My kids and I were heading into the supermarket over the weekend. On the way ,we spotted a man holding a piece of paper that said, “ __41___ my job. Family to Feed.”‎ At this store, a __42___ like this is not normal. My 10-year-old noticed him and make a __43____ on how bad it must be to have to stand ___44____ in the cold wind.‎ In the store, I asked each of my kids to __45___ something they thought our “friend” there would ___46___. They got apples, a sandwich and a bottle of juice. Then my 17-year-old suggested giving him a ___47____. I thought about it. We were ___48__ on cash ourselves, but… well, sometimes __49___ from our need instead of our abundance is ___50__ what we need to do! All the kids __51____ something they could do away with for the week.‎ When we handed him the bag of __52__, he lit up and thanked us with ___53__ eyes.‎ ‎ When I handed him the gift card, saying he could use it for __54____his family might need, he burst into tears.‎ This has been a wonderful ___55__ for our family. For days the kids have been looking for others we can __56___! Things would have played out so __57____ if I had simply said, “No, we really don’t have ___58___ to give more.” Stepping out not only helped a brother in __59___, it also gave my kids the __60____ taste of helping others. It’ll go a long way with them.‎ ‎41. A. Lost B. Changed C. Quit D. Finished ‎42. A condition B. place C. sight D. show ‎43. A. suggestion B. comment C. decision D. call ‎44. A. outside B. proudly C. by D. angrily ‎45. A. draw B. say C. arrange D. pick ‎46. A. order B. supply C. appreciate D. discover ‎47. A. dollar B. job C. hot meal D. gift card ‎48. A. easy B. low C. soft D. loose ‎49. A. giving B. saving C. spending D. begging ‎50. A. yet B. even C. still D. just ‎51. A. declared B. shared C. ignored D. expected ‎52. A . toys B. medicine C. food D. clothes ‎53. A. sleepy B. watery C. curious D. sharp ‎54. A. whoever B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever ‎55. A. experience B. example C. message D. adventure ‎56. A. rely on B. respect C. learn from D. help ‎57. A. suddenly B. vividly C. differently D. perfectly ‎58. A. time B. power C. patience D. money ‎59. A. fear B. love C. need D. memory ‎60. A. strong B. sweet C. strange D. simple 第II卷 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节 满分55）‎ 第二节 ‎ 阅读下面材料，用不多于1个单词的正确形式填空 Yangshuo,China It was raining lightly when I__61__(arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didn’t care. A few hours__62__, I’d been at home in Hong Kong, with __63_(it) choking smog. Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain.‎ I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River_64__are pictured by artists in so many Chinese _65__(painting). Instead, I ‘d head straight for Yangshuo. For those who fly to Guilin, it’s only an hour away__66_ car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city.‎ Yangshuo__67__(be) really beautiful. A study of travelers_68__(conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it___(regular) arranges quick getaways here for people_70__(live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.‎ 第四部分 写作 （共两节 满分35）‎ 第一节 短文改错（10分）‎ When I was a child, I hoped to live in the ciyt. I think I would be happy there. Now I am living in a city ,but I miss my home in countryside. There the air is clean or the mountains are green. Unfortunately, on the development of industrialization, the environment has been polluted. Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem. The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier. Much rare animals are dying out . We must found ways to protect your environment. If we fail to do so ,we’ll live to regret it .‎ 1. the –a 冠词用法错误。首次出现的名词，用不定冠词a。‎ 2. think –thought 时态用法错误。这里用一般过去时，表示“过去认为”。‎ 3. or—and 连词用法错误。前后句为并列关系，故用连词and。‎ 4. on—with 短语搭配错误。短语with the development of随着……的发展。‎ 第二节 书面表达 ‎ 假定你是李华，你校英文报“外国文化”栏目拟刊登美国节日风俗和中学生生活的短文。请给美国朋友彼得写信约稿，要点如下：‎ 1. 栏目介绍。‎ 2. 稿件内容；‎ 3. 稿件长度：约400词汇 ‎ 4. 交稿日期：6月28日前天 ‎ 注意：‎ 1. 词数100左右；‎ 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯的；‎ 3. 开头语已为你写好。‎ 第二节 书面表达（答案略）‎ 参考答案 D篇．文章大意：文章主要讲述了精神咖啡馆在法国越来越受欢迎。‎ ‎32.D 解析：根据文章第一段第三句可知在La Chope咖啡馆鼓励人们表达他们真正的情感。故选D。‎ ‎33.B 解析：根据文章第二段第四句咖啡馆通过更长的工作时间、增加快餐等改变法国人的生活。故选B。‎ ‎34.D 解析：根据文章最后一段可知更多的法国人需要这样的咖啡馆，故选D项。‎ ‎35.B 解析：根据文章最后一段第一句话可知心理咖啡馆在巴黎受欢迎的原因在于他们给予人们精神上的支持。故选B。‎ 文章大意：文章主要讲述了一旦失去了信任，如何再次建立信任。‎ ‎36. D 根据后句Trust is a risk.（信任是一种冒险）可知信任是不可以期望得到最好的回报。故选D。‎ ‎37. E 根据前句Sometimes people simply can’t trust anymore.可知他们受到严重的伤害且不能忍受再次发生。故选E。‎ ‎38. A 根据后句可知此段主要讲述要学会信任自己。故选A。‎ ‎39. C 根据后面可知此段主要讲述不要认为自己是受害者。故选C。‎ ‎40. G 根据前一句和后一句可知既要看到事情的积极面，也不要忽视所发生的事情。故选G。‎ 文章大意：文章讲述了在周末作者带孩子们去超市，在路上看到一个需要帮助的人。在 ‎ 市里作者和孩子买了许多东西给这个需要帮助的人的故事。‎ ‎41.A。短语lose one’s job失业。在路上，我们注意到一个男人握着一张纸，纸上写到：“失业，需要养家。”故选A。‎ ‎42.C。sight这里指“场景”。在这家商店，像这样的场景并不正常。故选C。‎ ‎43.B。make a comment on对……发表看法。我10岁的孩子注意到他，并评论说他一定很糟糕。故选B。‎ ‎44.A。根据常识可知是站在外面，故用outside。故选A。‎ ‎45.D。pick挑选。在商店里，我要求每一个孩子挑选一些他们认为我们“朋友”可能会需要的东西。故选D。‎ ‎46 B。supply提供。这里指商店所能提供的东西。故选B。‎ ‎47.D。根据下文提示可知，我17岁的孩子建议给他一张礼物卡。故选D。‎ ‎48.C。考查短语be soft on爱上。我们都彼此相亲相爱。故先C。‎ ‎49.A。但是有时给予是来自我们自己的需要。故选A。‎ ‎50.D。just仅仅，只是。仅仅是我们需要做的。故选D。‎ ‎51.D。所有的孩子都期望一些他们能买他们能做的东西。故选D。‎ ‎52.C。根据上文的apples, sandwich and a bottle of juice可知是食物。故选C。‎ ‎53.B。watery潮湿的。带着潮湿的双眼感谢我们。故选B。‎ ‎54.B。动词need缺少宾语，故用whatever。故选B。‎ ‎55.A。experience经历。这对我们家庭是一次极好的经历。故选A。‎ ‎56.D。help帮助。多少天来，孩子们一直在寻找我们能够帮助的其他人。故选D。‎ ‎57.C。differently不同地。事情发生得如此的不同。故选C。‎ ‎58.D。money金钱。我们真的不需要给更多的钱。故选D。‎ ‎59.C。in need在危难中。走出去不仅仅帮助在危难中的兄弟。故先C。‎ ‎60.B。sweet甜的。也给予我孩子们帮助他人的甜头。‎