2020版高考英语一轮巩固达标练 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions（含解析）新人教版选修8 9页

Unit 3 Inventors and inventions 李仕才 ‎***阅读理解。‎ Almost no one can resist a good mystery novel or detective novel, so these novels sell thousands of copies each year. And many readers regard famous mystery author Agatha Christie as Queen of Crime, whose stories are known for their tense atmosphere and strong psychological suspense and have a great effect on the English mystery novels.‎ Christie was born in September ‎1890 in England. When she was growing up, her mother often told her stories. Christie loved these stories, which took her into a world of fantasy. Christie’s mother also encouraged her to write from a young age and also took her to travel a lot.‎ She married Archie Christie in 1914 at the beginning of World War Ⅰ. During the war, Christie wrote her first detective story: The Mysterious Affair at Styles. She chose the crime, and then invented a detective named Hercule Poirot, ranking second to Sherlock Holmes, to solve it. She sent the book to a publisher, but it was rejected.‎ After the war ended, Christie sent her book to more publishers, and finally, in 1920, one published it. She earned just $25 for it. Over the next few years, Christie wrote more books and short stories, gaining experience as a writer. In spite of her literary success, life was not going well at home. In 1928, Archie and Agatha got a divorce(离婚). A short time later, she met a young archaeologist, Max Mallowan. After getting married in 1930, they began to spend some time each year in the Middle East, which provided settings for some of Christie’s novels, such as Murder at the Vicarage(1930), Murder on the Orient Express (1934)and Death on the Nile(1939).‎ Christie continued writing for the rest of her life. When she died in January 1976, readers around the world mourned(哀悼)her death. But her tales of mystery continue to be loved by new generations of readers. They’ve been translated into hundreds of languages and are selling well today and outsold only by the Bible ‎ 9‎ and Shakespeare in Britain.‎ ‎1.As a whole, this text 　　　　.‎ A.is a biography of Agatha Christie B. promotes Agatha Christie’s novels C. explains how Agatha Christie became a writer D.is a review of Agatha Christie’s novels ‎2.What do we know about Hercule Poirot?‎ A. He was better known than Sherlock Holmes.‎ B. He made Christie become famous.‎ C. He was good at catching criminals.‎ D. He was the only main character in the novel.‎ ‎3.From the underlined part "outsold only by the Bible and Shakespeare in Britain", we can learn that 　　　　.‎ A. the Bible helps her works to sell in ‎Britain B. the sales of her works rank third in ‎Britain C. the works of Shakespeare don’t sell better than hers in ‎Britain D. they sell well equally in ‎Britain ‎4.Which is the right order for what Agatha Christie experienced?‎ ‎①She had her first detective novel published.‎ ‎②She finished The Mysterious Affair at Styles.‎ ‎③Her mother encouraged her to write.‎ ‎④Her marriage to Archie ended in divorce.‎ ‎⑤She wrote Murder on the Orient Express.‎ A.③②④①⑤ B.③①②⑤④‎ C.②①③⑤④ D.③②①④⑤‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇人物传记。文章主要介绍了英国著名女侦探小说家阿加莎·克里斯蒂的生平和她在写作上取得的成就。‎ ‎1.A 【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了英国著名女侦探小说家阿加莎·克里斯蒂的生平和她在写作上取得的成就，因此本文是一篇人物传记。故A项正确。‎ 9‎ ‎2.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的"She chose the crime, and then invented a detective named Hercule Poirot, ranking second to Sherlock Holmes, to solve it."可知，C项正确。‎ ‎4.D 【解析】排列顺序题。综合全文信息可知，"她母亲鼓励她写作"最先发生，由此可排除选项C；由第三、四段可知，②先于①发生，①先于④发生，由此可排除A、B两项。故D项正确。‎ ‎***语法填空。‎ They survive in some of the coldest environments in the world—but even penguins appreciate a warm woolly jumper (套头毛衣) once in a while.‎ The mini knitted garments have helped save hundreds of flightless birds caught __1__oil leaks, providing protection from the elements and stopping them from swallowing __2__(poison) pollution.‎ Knits for Nature, a program run by the Penguin Foundation, __3__ conserves the little penguin population of Phillip Island, ‎140 km southeast of Melbourne, __4__(create) up to 300 different designs over the years—and it is all thanks to talented volunteers. “There's a lot of __5__ (hide) creativity out there，” said Lyn Blom, of Phillip Island Nature Park.‎ ‎“People love to know that they're helping the penguins __6__ they're so cute and small and they waddle up the beach and they're so strong. But they need to be, for they live in __7__pretty tough sort of environment.”‎ A thumbnail－sized patch of oil can kill little penguins, the __8__ (small) of the species, measuring just 13 inches (‎33 cm) and weighing ‎2.2 lbs (‎1kg). The oil separates and mats their feathers, breaking natural waterproof and heating functions.‎ Ms Blom estimates __9__she has knitted between 200 and 300 penguin jumpers over the years, including __10__in the colours of every Australian football team in the country.‎ ‎1．________2.________3.________4.________5.________ 　6.________7.________ 8.________ 9.________ 10.________ ‎ 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。Ms 9‎ ‎ Blom编织的迷你毛衣成功拯救了数百只企鹅，能防止它们接触到石油中的微量元素，甚至误食有毒的污染物。‎ ‎1．in 考查介词。这里是“be caught in”的固定搭配，意思为“被困于……中”。文中是过去分词短语作定语修饰flightless birds。‎ ‎2．poisonous 考查词性转换。poisonous作为形容词修饰其后面的名词。‎ ‎3．which 考查定语从句的引导词。空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词the Penguin Foundation，并在从句中作主语，故用which。‎ ‎4．has created 考查动词的时态。根据时间状语“over the years”可知这里用现在完成时，句子的主语是一个名为Knits for Nature的项目，故谓语动词要用第三人称单数。‎ ‎5．hidden 考查非谓语动词。creativity是名词，其前要用形容词修饰，动词hide与creativity之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词。此处为过去分词转化而来的形容词作定语。‎ ‎6．because 考查连词。“they're so cute and small and they waddle up the beach and they're so strong”是“People love to know that they're helping the penguins”的原因，故用because引导原因状语从句。‎ ‎7．a 考查冠词。此处表示泛指，且pretty的读音是以辅音音素开头的，故用a。a pretty tough sort of environment表示的是“一种相当恶劣的环境”。‎ ‎8．smallest 考查形容词的最高级。根据上下文语境和空前的the可知这里应该用最高级。‎ ‎9．that 考查宾语从句的连接词。分析句子成分可知，空处引导宾语从句作estimates的宾语，宾语从句中句意和成分完整，故用that。‎ ‎10．those　考查代词。those指代前面所说的penguin jumpers。‎ ‎***完形填空。‎ Make Good Memories My husband Bill's Grandma was in a nursing home when we moved back to Michigan.Grandma had been unable to walk for quite some time；now her eyesight was almost gone.‎ Over the years Grandma and I had __1__ many cards and letters.I knew how she enjoyed __2__ in touch with people.Grandma would have me write letters to go in the cards she would send.And she would always have me __3__ what I had written back to her.Grandma didn't have a problem with hearing then __4__ she was always telling me，“That is not __5__ how I said that！” I would then rewrite whatever I wrote in her exact words.‎ Since I had some __6__ time before Christmas，I asked Grandma if she would like 9‎ ‎ to send __7__ some Christmas cards.Grandma readily __8__.I rounded up several different kinds of cards.I knew she had friends and family who all had different __9__.I would take each card and __10__ in detail the front of the card，then I would read the words inside.After __11__ it over Grandma would tell me who she thought would like __12__ card.‎ After a while I __13__ and I noticed that we had several nursing home __14__ standing in the doorway.I started to notice as I read each card，the __15__ on their faces and Grandma's face，too.Each one had a __16__ smile and a faraway look in their eyes，as they were seeing the scenes in their minds' eye.‎ I thought when I went over to do the Christmas __17__ I would be doing Grandma a favor，but it __18__ that she did me a big favor.I'll always __19__ this special memory of bringing some Christmas joy and pleasant __20__ to Grandma and her fellow residents.‎ ‎1．A.exchanged B．changed C．traded D．switched ‎2．A.settling B．losing C．staying D．getting ‎3．A.write B．discover C．translate D．read ‎4．A.when B．because C．while D．though ‎5．A.carefully B．truthfully C．specially D．exactly ‎6．A.extra B．flying C．essential D．valuable ‎7．A.for B．up C．out D．away ‎8．A.acknowledged B．agreed C．admitted D．rejected ‎9．A.addresses B．advantages C．occupations D．interests ‎10．A.describe B．communicate C．distinguish D．ignore ‎11．A.talking B．turning 9‎ C．taking D．thinking ‎12．A.another B．each C．one D．other ‎13．A.looked down B．looked over C．looked up D．looked through ‎14．A.immigrants B．visitors C．patients D．residents ‎15．A.attention B．look C．glance D．sight ‎16．A.gentle B．rough C．forced D．whispered ‎17．A.trees B．jobs C．decorations D．cards ‎18．A.turned over B．turned out C．came over D．left out ‎19．A.treasure B．admire C．encourage D．recognize ‎20．A.stories B．faces C．memories D．letters ‎【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。有一年，在圣诞节前夕，作者去帮助丈夫的奶奶做圣诞贺卡，但是在这一过程中作者却得到了莫大的帮助。‎ ‎1．A　考查动词辨析。A项意为“交换”；B项意为“改变”；C项意为“交易”；D项意为“转换”。根据逻辑关系可判断出，这些年来，作者和丈夫的奶奶两人之间互相赠送卡片和信件，即交换了很多卡片和信件。故选A。‎ ‎2．C　考查动词辨析。A项意为“解决”；B项意为“失去”；C项意为“保持”；D项意为“得到”。根据下文中丈夫的奶奶常给一些人赠送卡片可判断出，她喜欢和人们保持联系。故选C。‎ ‎3．D　考查动词辨析。A项意为“写”；B项意为“发现”；C项意为“翻译”； D项意为“读”。根据第一段最后一句中的“now her eyesight was almost gone”以及此空格后下一句的描述可判断出，丈夫的奶奶让作者读一下她让作者所写的那些话。故选D。‎ ‎4．B　考查连词辨析。根据下文中的“That's not...how I said that！”可知，丈夫的奶奶的听力是没有问题的。此处应用because引导这个原因状语从句。故选B。‎ 9‎ ‎5．D　考查副词辨析。A项意为“细心地”；B项意为“诚实地”；C项意为“专门地”；D项意为“精确地，准确地”。根据语境可知，此处指丈夫的奶奶常说作者所写的跟她所说的并不完全一样。故选D。‎ ‎6．A　考查形容词辨析。A项意为“额外的”；B项意为“飞行的”；C项意为“必要的”；D项意为“值钱的，宝贵的”。由下文中的“I asked Grandma if she would like to send”可知，此处指在圣诞节前夕作者有些空闲时间。故选A。‎ ‎7．C　考查介词辨析。四个选项皆可与空格前的“send”构成短语：send for意为“派人去叫”；send up意为“发射，使上升”；send out意为“分发，发送”； send away意为“解雇”。根据语境可知，此处指是否需要帮助丈夫的奶奶分发贺卡。故选C。‎ ‎8．B　考查动词辨析。A项意为“承认”；B项意为“同意”；C项意为“承认”；D项意为“拒绝”。根据下文“I rounded up several different kinds of cards.”可判断出，丈夫的奶奶同意了作者的提议。故选B。‎ ‎9．D　考查名词辨析。A项意为“地址”；B项意为“优势”；C项意为“职业”；D项意为“兴趣”。根据逻辑关系可判断出，丈夫的奶奶的那些朋友和亲人有不同的兴趣，所以给他们送贺卡时要根据他们的兴趣来送。故选D。‎ ‎10．A　考查动词辨析。A项意为“描述”；B项意为“交流”；C项意为“区分”；D项意为“忽视”。语境表示，每拿起一张贺卡，作者就会向丈夫的奶奶详细描述贺卡封面上的内容。故选A。‎ ‎11．D　考查动词辨析。四个选项皆可与后面的“over”构成短语：talk over意为“详细地商议”；turn over意为“使翻转”；take over意为“接管”；think over意为“仔细考虑”。根据常识可判断出，丈夫的奶奶应该是经过仔细考虑后告诉作者哪个人会喜欢哪一张贺卡。故选D。‎ ‎12．B　考查限定词辨析。根据本段第五句中的“each card”可判断出，此处指哪个人会喜欢哪一张贺卡，此处应用each。故选B。‎ ‎13．C　考查动词短语辨析。A项意为“向下看”；B项意为“检查”；C项意为“抬头看”；D项意为“浏览”。根据下文中的“I noticed that”可判断出，作者应该是抬头看到了门口的几个人。故选C。‎ ‎14．D　考查名词辨析。A项意为“移民”；B项意为“参观者”；C项意为“病人”；D项意为“居民”。根据语境可知，此处指作者看到了几位住在养老院的人站在门口。故选D。‎ ‎15．B　考查名词辨析。A项意为“注意力”；B项意为“表情，神情”；C项意为“一瞥”；D项意为“视力”。根据下一句中的“smile”和“a faraway look”可判断出，作者应该是看了看那些人脸上的神情。故选B。‎ ‎16．A　考查形容词辨析。A项意为“温和的”；B项意为“粗糙的”；C项意为“被迫的”；D项意为“低语的”。根据逻辑关系可判断出，每个人脸上都有很温和的笑容。故选A。‎ ‎17．D　考查名词辨析。A项意为“树”；B项意为“工作”；C项意为“装饰”；D项意为“卡片”。根据第三段第一句中的“some Christmas 9‎ ‎ cards”可判断出，作者本想去帮助丈夫的奶奶做圣诞贺卡。故选D。‎ ‎18．B　考查动词短语辨析。A项意为“使翻转”；B项意为“结果是”；C项意为“突然感到”；D项意为“不包括”。根据语境可知，此处指结果却是丈夫的奶奶帮助了作者。故选B。‎ ‎19．A　考查动词辨析。A项意为“珍视”；B项意为“钦佩”；C项意为“鼓励”；D项意为“认出”。语境表示，作者会一直珍视这种能给圣诞节带来快乐的特别回忆。故选A。‎ ‎20．C　考查名词辨析。A项意为“故事”；B项意为“脸”；C项意为“记忆”，D项意为“信”。根据上文中的“this special memory”及文章标题可知，此处指对丈夫的奶奶以及她那些朋友的美好回忆。故选C。‎ ‎***短文改错。‎ School English Drama Club was selecting actors and actresses for the drama The Million Pound Bank Note. It is famous short story writing by the American author Mark Twain. The selection, that is in the charge of Mr Smith, will be made at the school hall in May 20th, 2018.‎ Any student at our school who meets with the following criteria will be offered a chance to become an actor or actress. Firstly, he or she should love creative and interested performances. Secondly, he or she should be able to speak fluent English. More important, he or she should have read the short story and is familiar with the whole story.‎ Thank you for your attentions.‎ 答案：‎ School English Drama Club selecting actors and actresses for the drama The Million Pound Bank Note. It is famous short story by the American author Mark Twain. The selection, is in the charge of Mr Smith, will be made at the school hall May 20th, 2018.‎ Any student at our school who meets the following criteria will be offered a chance to become an actor or actress. Firstly, he or she should love creative and performances. Secondly, he or she should be able to speak ‎ 9‎ fluent English. More ， he or she should have read the short story and familiar with the whole story.‎ Thank you for your .‎ 难项分析：‎ 第三处：writing→written'考查非谓语动词。write与story之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故此处需用过去分词作后置定语，表示“由Mark Twain所著/所写”。‎ 第四处：that→which'考查非限制性定语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The selection。注意：that不能引导非限制性定语从句。‎ 第九处：is→be'考查情态动词的用法。and连接的两个并列成分均位于情态动词should后，需用动词原形，故此处改为be。‎ ‎***‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 9‎