2020版高考英语一轮完形填空和语法填空优练题（8）（含解析） 8页

‎2019版高考英语一轮完形填空和语法填空优练题（8）‎ 李仕才 Part A：完形填空 A One summer I was driving from my hometown of Tahoe City, California, to New Orleans. In the middle of the desert, I passed a young man standing by the roadside. He had his thumb out and held a gas can in his__1__hand. I drove right by him. There was a time__2__you'd be called a jerk for passing by somebody in need. Now you are a fool for__3__. “I don't want to get involved” seems to have become a national motto.‎ Several days__4__I was still thinking about the hitchhiker(搭便车的人), about how I didn't ever lifted my foot off the accelerator for him. ‎ ‎“Does anyone stop any more？” I wondered. Blanche DuBois once said, “I have always depended on the__5__of strangers.” Is that possible these days? One way to test this would be for a person to journey across the US without any__6__， just relying on the good will of others. What would happen? Would he find food, shelter and support?‎ The idea intrigued (激起兴趣) me.‎ The week I__7__37, I realized that I had__8__done something truly crazy. So I decided to really do it: travel from the Pacific to the Atlantic without a penny. I would only__9__offers of rides, food and places to sleep.‎ ‎ For six weeks I hitched 82 rides and__10__4,223 miles across 14 states. I was treated__11__everywhere I went. I was amazed by people's readiness to help a __12__.‎ I found people were__13__compassionate (富有同情心的). Hearing I had no money and took__14__， people bought me food and gave me necessities. Those who had the__15__to give often gave the most. In Nebraska a house painter named Mike noted the cold weather and asked__16__ I had a coat. I didn't, so he gave me a big green armystyle jacket. A lumbermill (锯木场) worker named Tim__17__me to a simple dinner with his family in their shabby house. Then he offered me a tent. I__18__， but Tim insisted, packing it into my bag himself.‎ ‎ I was__19__to all the people I met for their rides, their food, their shelter, and their gifts. My faith in ordinary folks was__20__. It turns out you can still depend on the kindness of strangers.‎ ‎1. A. another　　　　　　 B. each C. other D. both 8‎ ‎2. A. what B. when C. which D. who ‎3. A. helping B. collecting C. depending D. hoping ‎4. A. before B. ago C. earlier D. later ‎5. A. kindness B. generousness C. happiness D. patience ‎6. A. water B. clothes C. luggage D. money ‎7. A. came B. turned C. grew D. developed ‎8. A. ever B. never C. often D. always ‎9. A. win B. receive C. accept D. earn ‎ 10. A. recovered B. covered C. adventured D. discovered ‎11. A. impolitely B. rudely C. kindly D. comfortably ‎ 12. A. stranger B. learner C. scholar D. visitor ‎ 13. A. generally B. constantly C. occasionally D. regularly ‎ 14. A. everything B. nothing C. something D. anything ‎ 15. A. most B. more C. less D. least ‎ 16. A. where B. how C. if D. why ‎ 17. A. encouraged B. invited ‎ C. forced D. advised ‎ ‎ 18. A. refused B. offered C. agreed D. approved 8‎ ‎ 19. A. glad B. excited C. grateful D. disappointed ‎ 20. A. replaced B. renewed C. retold D. repeated ‎[文章大意]　文章讲述了作者通过自己的亲身经历改变了对帮助他人的看法。作者又重新相信，当遇到困难的时候，陌生人也会帮助你的。‎ ‎1. C。文章中的年轻人一只手竖起大拇指，另一只手里拿着汽油罐。other“另外的”，符合语境。‎ ‎2. B。There was a time when...“有一段时间……”，先行词为time，when引导定语从句，故选B项。‎ ‎3．A。从上一句的“There was a time...for passing by somebody in need.”可知，此处应选helping“帮助”。‎ ‎4．D。根据语境可知，此处表示几天以后(later)，作者还在想这个搭便车的人。‎ ‎5．A。从文章的最后一句“It turns out you can still depend on the kindness of strangers.”可知答案为A项。‎ ‎6．D。water, clothes 和luggage 太片面，同时根据下文的“So I decided... without a penny.”可知，应选D项。‎ ‎7．B。到作者37岁这一周时，作者意识到自己从来没有(never)做过真正疯狂的事。turn“变成，变为”，为系动词，符合语境。‎ ‎8．B。参见上题解析。‎ ‎9．C。作者将只接受人们提供的乘车(机会)、食物和睡的地方。accept“接受”，符合语境。‎ ‎10．B。cover意为“走完(一段路程)”，符合语境。‎ ‎11．C。从下文的“I was amazed by people's readiness to help”可知，作者受到了陌生人的友好对待。kindly“友好地，好意地”，符合语境。‎ ‎12．A。从文章的最后一句“It turns out you can still depend on the kindness of strangers.”可知，答案为A项。‎ ‎13．A。根据下文的叙述可知，此处表示作者发现人们通常(generally)是富有同情心的。‎ ‎14．B。根据上文内容可知，作者没有带任何东西。故选nothing。‎ ‎15．D。根据下文所举的两个事例可知，那些最贫穷的人往往是给得最多的人。故选least。‎ ‎16．C。Mike问作者是否有外套。if“是否”，引导宾语从句。‎ ‎17．B。invite“邀请”，符合语境。‎ ‎18．A。根据后面的“but Tim insisted, packing it into my bag himself”可知，作者一开始拒绝(refused)了。‎ ‎19．C。从“all the people I met for their rides, their food, their shelter，and their 8‎ ‎ gifts”可以看出，此处表示作者感激陌生人提供的帮助。grateful“感激的”，符合语境。‎ ‎20．B。通过独自旅行的经历，作者得到了陌生人这么多的帮助，作者对普通人的那份信任又回来了。renew“重新开始，继续”，符合语境。‎ B ‎(2015·甘肃第一次诊断)‎ Challenges and tough experiences can help you find out who you really are.‎ ‎ About 2 years ago, I was __1__ in one of my first taekwondo(跆拳道) championships. I was very __2__ in myself. My opponent(对手) was skinny. The thoughts in my head were something like“She’s so __3__， of course you’ll win.” As the match started, my opponent’s true __4__ came out. She came straight at me and landed a head kick on me, __5__ three points in the first five seconds. I was so shocked, __6__ and forgot everything my coach said. I was kicking __7__， in hopes of not losing. But __8__ hit me. I lost 215. I had never lost before. I was afraid of the girl，and to me, her name was __9__ with my defeat.‎ ‎ The experience lasted with me.I worked and trained harder than before. I listened to my __10__ wholeheartedly and made sure I was not overconfident. The following year, I __11__ the same girl once again at the state championships. I was __12__ . But with encouragement from my coach, I __13__ some confidence. When the fight started, I did not panic like the previous match but listened to my coach’s __14__.His voice __15__ me around the ring(竞技场), attacking at key moments. The main thought in my head was not about winning or losing, __16__ doing my best. Eventually, I won. My hard work, and listening to my coach all __17__. My opponent had the __18__ skinny figure, but did not frighten me anymore.‎ ‎ From this experience, I learned not to let confidence overshadow reality. It is important to __19__ the fact that there are people better than you.With this idea in mind, you can work hard to become a person that is better. This experience also taught me not to judge others based on their __20__.‎ ‎【解题导语】　作者在跆拳道锦标赛上遇到了一位身形极瘦的对手，作者的轻敌使自己遭受惨败。此后作者跟随教练努力训练。在比赛中与该对手再次相遇时，作者沉着应战，最终获胜。这次经历让作者明白不能轻敌也不能以貌取人。‎ ‎1．A.struggling B．competing ‎ C．playing D．quarrelling 解析：选B。根据下文中的“in one of my first taekwondo(跆拳道)‎ 8‎ ‎ championships”可知，作者是在参加一个跆拳道锦标赛。compete“参加比赛”。‎ ‎2．A.confident B．proud ‎ ‎ C．content D．ashamed 解析：选A。根据下文中的“My opponent(对手) was skinny”及“of course you’ll win”可知，作者看到对手极瘦时，对自己获胜充满了自信。confident“自信的”；proud“骄傲的”；content“满意的”；ashamed“羞愧的”。‎ ‎3．A.young B．strong ‎ C．tiny D．ugly 解析：选C。根据前文中的“My opponent(对手) was skinny”可知，这个对手极瘦。tiny“极小的”，符合语境。‎ ‎4．A.expression B．personality ‎ C．sense D．figure 解析：选B。比赛一开始对手真正的个性就展现出来了。expression“表情，表达”；personality“个性”；sense“感觉，意识”；figure“人物”。‎ ‎5．A.taking B．scoring C．reaching D．catching 解析：选B。对手在前五秒就得了三分。score“得分”。‎ ‎6．A.surprised B．excited C．tired D．panicked 解析：选D。作者对对手开场时的猛攻感到震惊，结合下文中的“and forgot everything my coach said”可知，作者感到恐慌，忘了教练说过的话。panicked“惊慌失措的，恐慌的”。‎ ‎7．A.blindly B．bravely C．angrily D．cautiously 解析：选A。作者此时惊慌失措，所以盲目地踢，希望不会输掉比赛。blindly“盲目地”；bravely“勇敢地”；angrily“生气地”；cautiously“小心地，谨慎地”。‎ ‎8．A.imagination B．intelligence ‎ C．reality D．memory 解析：选C。根据下文中的“I lost 215”可知，作者还是输了，现实给了作者沉痛的一击。imagination“想象”；intelligence“智力，才智”；reality“现实”；memory“记忆”。‎ ‎9．A.associated B．filled ‎ C．mixed D．compared 解析：选A。作者害怕这个女孩，并且对于她来说，这个女孩的名字与自己的失败相关。be associated with“与……有关联”；be filled with“充满”；be mixed 8‎ ‎ with“与……混合”；be compared with“与……比较”。‎ ‎10．A.teammate B．coach C．opponent D．judge 解析：选B。作者更刻苦地训练并全心全意地听教练(coach)的指导。‎ ‎11．A.faced B．recognized ‎ C．admired D．reminded 解析：选A。作者在锦标赛上又迎战那个女孩。face“与……比赛，迎战”；recognize“认出”；admire“钦佩，仰慕”；remind“使想起，提醒”。‎ ‎12．A.courageous B．afraid ‎ C．delighted D．alone 解析：选B。由于上次比赛造成了阴影，作者感到害怕，但教练的鼓励让作者有了些信心。courageous“勇敢的，无畏的”；afraid“害怕的”；delighted“高兴的”；alone“独自”。‎ ‎13．A.lacked B．borrowed ‎ C．remembered D．developed 解析：选D。作者在教练的鼓励下产生了一些自信。lack“缺乏”；borrow“借”；remember“记得”；develop“产生”。‎ ‎ 14.A.judgment B．praise ‎ C．advice D．criticism 解析：选C。根据下文中的“His voice ______ me around the ring(竞技场)，attacking at key moments”可知，教练在竞技场周围指导，作者没有像上次比赛那样恐慌而是听取教练的建议(advice)。‎ ‎ 15.A.directed B．forced C．kept D．showed 解析：选A。教练在竞技场周围指导作者。direct“指导”；force“强迫”；keep“保持”；show“展示，表明”。‎ ‎ 16.A.and B．or C．so D．but 解析：选D。作者头脑里想的不是输赢，而是尽全力打好比赛。not...but...“不是……而是……”。‎ ‎ 17.A.paid back B．paid off ‎ C．called back D．called off 解析：选B。根据前文中的“Eventually, I won.”可知，作者的努力最终得到了回报。pay back“偿还”；pay off“取得成功，奏效”；call back“回电话”；call off“取消”。‎ ‎ 18.A.different B．common 8‎ C．rare D．same 解析：选D。作者的对手有同样的(same)极瘦体形，但不会让作者感到害怕了。 ‎ ‎ 19.A.accept B．ignore ‎ C．receive D．oppose 解析：选A。接受人外有人这个事实很重要。accept“接受”；ignore“忽视”；receive“收到”；oppose“阻挠”。‎ ‎ 20.A.behavior B．description ‎ C．words D．appearances 解析：选D。这次经历也让作者懂得了不要以貌取人。behavior“行为”；description“描写”； word“说的话”；appearance“外貌，外表”。‎ Part B：短文语法填空 It was the day of the poetry festival, and I was 1.________ (excite). At my old school, I had won the poetry ribbon every year. I do write good poetry. When Mrs. Baker called on me, I stood up. I didn't even bother to look at my paper. I'd spent so much time 2.________ (perfect) the rhymes, and counting the 3.________ (beat), that I knew the poem by heart. I had just started the third verse when I noticed Mrs. Baker was glaring at me. “Linda, you 4.________ (suppose) to be reading an original work, a poem you made up yourself, not reciting something you learned.” I opened my mouth to explain, but no words came out. “You will leave the room and will not return until you are ready 5.________ (apologize)，” said Mrs. Baker. “Now. Go！” I turned and left the room. I'd been standing outside for about half an hour when Joseph, another school teacher, came over to ask me why. Now, as Joseph waited 6.________ me to answer, he looked so kind and sympathetic 7.________ I poured out the whole story, trying not to cry. “Linda, accepting defeat, when you should stand up for 8.________ (you), can become a very dangerous habit. You know you are the only Linda Brown in the whole world.” 9.________ eyes smiling into mine, I took a deep breath and 10.___ _____ (knock) on the classroom door, ready to face Mrs. Baker — ready to recite my poem.‎ 8‎ ‎【参考答案】‎ ‎1．excited　考查形容词。根据下文可知，作者擅长写诗并且每年都会获奖。因此，在诗歌节时，作者应该感到很兴奋。此处应用exite的过去分词修饰人，表示“感到……的”。故填excited。‎ ‎2．perfecting　考查非谓语动词。perfect意为“使完美”。此处为spend some time (in) doing sth.“花时间做某事”。故填perfecting。‎ ‎3．beats　考查名词的数。根据空格前的“rhymes, and counting”可知，此处是指数节拍，beat在此处为可数名词。故填beats。‎ ‎4．are supposed　考查固定搭配。根据空格后的“to”和空格前的主语“you”可知，此处构成“be supposed to do”的固定结构，意为“理应做……”。故填are supposed。‎ ‎5．to apologiz(s)e　考查固定搭配。空格前有“are ready”，与空格处构成be ready to do sth.“准备好做某事”。故填to apologiz(s)e。‎ ‎6．for　考查介词。根据语境可知，此处是指约瑟夫等着作者回答。wait for sb. to do sth.意为“等着某人做某事”，符合语境。故填for。‎ ‎7．that　考查连词。根据语境可知，空格处与其前的“so”构成“so ... that”结构，引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……”。故填that。‎ ‎8．yourself　考查代词。本句是指约瑟夫鼓励作者说“当你应该站起来为自己据理力争时你却接受了失败，这会成为一个非常危险的习惯”。故填反身代词yourself。‎ ‎9．His　考查形容词性物主代词。根据空格后“eyes smiling into mine”可知，此处是指约瑟夫的眼睛在对作者(的眼睛)微笑。故填His。‎ ‎10．knocked　考查动词的时态。根据空格前的并列结构“took a deep breath”可知，此处应为一般过去时。故填knocked。‎ 8‎