2020版高考英语一轮基础达标选题 Unit 4 Global warming（含解析）新人教版选修6 8页

Global warming 李仕才 一、阅读理解。‎ One of the main creators of the World Wide Web，Sir Tim BernersLee has warned that the fast growth of the Internet is also creating serious problems.‎ He especially warns of false information being easily spread around the Internet，“A great danger is that it becomes a place where untruths start to spread more than truths，or it becomes a place which becomes increasingly unfair in some way.” In particular, he mentions the phenomena of blogging.Blogging enables friends and contacts to easily spread information.However, he argues that people may too easily trust information mentioned in a blog.This inaccurate information can then easily become an accepted truth on the Internet.‎ He suggests that the most important development of the Internet will be in creating ways of allowing people to check the correctness of information by providing original sources.Sir Tim admits that this is an important challenge.It’s interesting to note that Wikipedia(维基百科) has had to take steps to prevent false information from being added to the biographies of living people.It’s easy for anybody to edit the open source.However，some people have pointed out that it has been used to spread false materials.In seeking to raise standards，Wikipedia has sought to stop the false materials.‎ At the same time there is a growing view that the Internet has had a great effect on the way millions of people work.The last two years have seen a big growth in the use of the Internet.There appears no slowdown in the growth of the Internet with increasing access in the developing countries.Sir Tim says another major challenge will be to provide free Internet for everybody.Sir Tim has recently launched a new joint initiative(倡议) between the University of Southampton and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology to create the first degree in Web science.The two schools hope to raise the standards of web content.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了互联网的快速发展所带来的一些问题。‎ ‎1．What is the especially serious problem that Sir Tim refers to?‎ A．The growth of the Internet is too fast.‎ B．The Internet has a side effect on young children.‎ C．The Internet companies compete against each other in an unfair way.‎ D．The false information spreads rapidly on the Internet.‎ 8‎ D　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的第一句可知，他认为虚假的信息在网络上流传是尤其严重的问题，故选D。‎ ‎2．According to the last paragraph，the purpose of the joint initiative is to___________ ．‎ A．provide free Internet access to the poor countries B．improve the reliability of online content C．create the first degree in science and technology ‎ D．enlarge the use of the Internet B　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“the University of Southampton and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology to create the first degree in Web science.The two schools hope to raise the standards of web content”可知，这个联合倡议的目的是提高网上内容的可信度，故选B。‎ ‎3．We can infer from the text that___________ ．‎ A．Sir Tim has built two schools recently B．the Internet is harmful to the people’s health C．Sir Tim hopes everyone can use the Internet for free D．the Internet develops slowly in the developing ‎ countries C　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Sir Tim says another major challenge will be to provide free Internet for everybody.”可知，Sir Tim 希望每一个人都能免费上网，故选C。‎ 二、单句语法填空 ‎1．Father is strongly opposed to ________ (go) shopping on Sunday because the streets and supermarkets are full of people.‎ 答案：going　be opposed to ... “反对……”，其中to为介词，其后应接名词、动名词作宾语。‎ ‎2．The prices of this kind of wine ranged ________ ten yuan ________ 100 yuan per bottle.‎ 答案：from; to　range from ... to ... “在某范围内变化”。‎ ‎3．Though he is less than one year old, he is strong enough to walk ________ (steady)．‎ 答案：steadily　副词作状语，在句中修饰动词walk。‎ ‎4．Do you know how the accident came ________ ?‎ 答案：about　come about “发生”。‎ ‎5．With Spring Festival approaching, prices of fruit and vegetables ________‎ 8‎ ‎ (go) up.‎ 答案：have gone　go up “上升；增长；升起”。‎ ‎6．Quantities of money ________ (spend) in bringing up the children since they were married.‎ 答案：have been spent　“a quantity of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词与名词的数保持一致；而“quantities of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。且由since可知应用现在完成时，再根据money与spend之间的被动关系，故填have been spent。‎ ‎7．How many times do you dine out per week ________ average?‎ 答案：on　on average “平均起来；平均来说”。句意：你平均每周在外用餐多少次？‎ ‎8．Under these ________ (circumstance), what matters most is not only our persistence but also our attitude.‎ 答案：circumstances　under these circumstances “在这些情况下”。‎ ‎9．The gap between the rich and the poor has a ________ (tend) to become wider and wider.‎ 答案：tendency　由设空前的a可知，应填名词形式，tendency “趋势；倾向”。‎ ‎10．The heavy snow can easily result ________ many accidents in winter.‎ 答案：in　result in “导致”。‎ 三、完形填空。‎ It was 3 am，a cold and wet night，on August 21,2010.I had just left a local club to travel ten kilometers home when I lost __1__ of my car on Grand Junction Road in Hope‎ ‎Valley.‎ I __2__ into a still car that was __3__ in front of a house，and then hit a tree.I was badly injured！__4__ still，I had no idea that a fire had started __5__ the bonnet (引擎盖)of my car.‎ ‎__6__ in the car behind me was a young man，who I later found out was called Jared.He saw the accident occur and __7__ to help me out of the car.He put his own life in __8__ when he got into the back seat trying to undo my seat belt.‎ With my seat belt __9__ ，Jared then broke the driver's window to drag me out.He __10__ did this while my car was burning.__11__ by the crash，the homeowners came out to investigate(调查)．Jared told them to ring emergency services __12__ he continued to help me out of the car.‎ I __13__ my life to Jared and I consider him a good friend due to the __14__ bond created on the night he dragged me to safety.I was rushed to the Royal Adelaide 8‎ ‎ Hospital in a __15__ condition，five bones broken.‎ I spent a few weeks in hospital，during which time Jared visited me to see how I was __16__.He also continued to contact me after I returned home.He says he doesn't believe that he did anything special.On that，I __17__ disagree with him and am very glad that he didn't get hurt in the __18__.‎ Today，nearly seven years later，Jared and I still __19__ and often talk about the events of that night.Jared is my __20__ and my friend.‎ ‎1．A.balance B．sight C．interest D．control ‎2．A.got B．stepped C．crashed D．hid ‎3．A.kept B．parked C．found D．stood ‎4．A.Worse B．Luckily C．Clearly D．Badly ‎5．A.off B．under C．near D．beyond ‎6．A.Sitting B．Sleeping C．Driving D．Waiting ‎7．A.stopped B．failed C．happened D．hesitated ‎8．A.practice B．hand C．safety D．danger ‎9．A.renewed B．undone C．repaired D．fastened ‎10．A.hardly B．gradually C．bravely D．naturally ‎11．A.Annoyed B．Dragged C．Warned D．Woken ‎12．A.while B．although C．until D．since ‎13．A.devote B．owe C．take D．save ‎14．A.bloody B．social 8‎ C．special D．loose ‎15．A.nervous B．pleasant C．normal D．serious ‎16．A.recovering B．operating C．struggling D．relaxing ‎17．A.eventually B．exactly C．totally D．probably ‎18．A.spot B．process C．way D．challenge ‎19．A.take care B．fit in C．drop in on D．keep in touch ‎20．A.angel B．owner C．doctor D．driver ‎【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。七年前的一个夜晚，“我”的车失控撞到前面的车辆和树木，然后起火，“我”受了重伤，“我”后边的车里的年轻人勇敢将“我”从车里救出来并把“我”送到医院。“我”康复后和那个年轻人成了好朋友。‎ ‎1．D　考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“hit a tree”可推知，“我”的车失控了。lose control of...为固定短语，意为“对……失去控制”，符合语境。故选D。‎ ‎2．C　考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“hit a tree.I was badly injured！”可推知，“我”撞上了一辆车。“crash into…”为固定短语，意为“撞上……”。故选C。‎ ‎3．B　考查动词辨析。根据本句中的“a still car”和空格后的“in front of a house”可推知，“我”撞上了一辆停在房子前面的车。B项意为“停放(汽车等)”，符合语境。故选B。‎ ‎4．A　考查副词辨析。根据本句中的“I had no idea that a fire had started...”可推知，撞车本来就是一件很糟糕的事，而着火则令事情更加糟糕。worse still意为“更糟糕的是”，符合语境。故选A。‎ ‎5．B　考查介词辨析。根据本句中的“the bonnet(引擎盖)of my car”可推知，车的引擎盖下面着火了，而作者并不知情。B项意为“在……下面”，符合语境。故选B。‎ ‎6．C　考查动词辨析。根据下文“He saw the accident occur...”及语境可知，这个年轻人目击了这起事故；由此可推知，他当时应该是在我后面开车。故选C。‎ ‎7．A　考查动词辨析。根据下文所描述的这个年轻人救“我”的过程可推知，此处是指他停下自己的车然后把“我”从车里救出来。stop to do sth.意为“停下来去做某事”，符合语境。故选A。‎ 8‎ ‎8．D　考查名词辨析。根据上文可知，“我”的车撞到了一辆车并起火；由此可推知，这个年轻人是冒着生命危险将“我”从车里拽出来的。put...in danger为固定搭配，意为“将……置于危险之中”。故选D。‎ ‎9．B　考查动词辨析。根据上一段中的“when he got into the back seat trying to undo my seat belt”可推知，他先解开了我的安全带。B项意为“解开，松开”，符合语境。故选B。‎ ‎10．C　考查副词辨析。根据本句中的“while my car was burning”可推知，当时车还在着火，所以将“我”从车里拽出来很危险，他的这个行为很勇敢。C项意为“勇敢地”，符合语境。故选C。‎ ‎11．D　考查动词辨析。根据文章第一句中的“It was 3 am, a cold and wet night”可知，此处指这家人被这场事故吵醒。D项意为“弄醒，醒来”，符合语境。故选D。‎ ‎12．A　考查连词辨析。句意为：Jared告诉他们打急救电话，同时继续把“我”从车中拽出来。while意为“与……同时”，强调两件事同时发生。故选A。‎ ‎13．B　考查动词辨析。此处指“我”能活下来是因为Jared。 owe...to...为固定用法，意为“将……归功于……”。故选B。‎ ‎14．C　考查形容词辨析。根据本句中的“created on the night he dragged me to safety”可知，此处是指在Jared救“我”的那晚我们就建立了特殊的联系。C项意为“特别的”，符合语境。故选C。‎ ‎15．D　考查形容词辨析。根据本句中的“five bones broken”可知，“我”被送往医院时断了五根骨头；由此可推知，“我”的伤势很严重。D项意为“严重的”，符合语境。故选D。‎ ‎16．A　考查动词辨析。根据语境及常识可知，Jared来医院是看“我”恢复得怎么样了。A项意为“康复，恢复”，符合语境。故选A。‎ ‎17．C　考查副词辨析。根据前一句“He says he doesn't believe that he did anything special.”可知，他认为自己并没有做什么特别的事情。而“我”在这一点上完全不同意他的看法，因为他救了“我”的命。C项意为“完全地，全部地”，符合语境。故选C。‎ ‎18．B　考查名词辨析。此处是指“我”很庆幸他在营救“我”的过程中没有受伤。B项意为“过程”，符合语境。故选B。‎ ‎19．D　考查动词短语辨析。根据本句中的“often talk about the events of that night”可知，多年后我们仍然保持着联系。D项意为“保持联系”，符合语境。故选D。‎ ‎20．A　考查名词辨析。根据上文可知，Jared救过“我”的命，因此“我”觉得他是“我”的天使、“我”的朋友。A项意为“天使”，符合语境。故选A。‎ 四、单句改错 ‎1．The doctor treated average of 20 patients per day.‎ 8‎ ‎______________________________________________________‎ 答案：average前加an　an average of ... “平均有……”。‎ ‎2．It always take me two hours to finish my homework.‎ ‎______________________________________________________‎ 答案：take→takes　It takes/took sb. some time to do sth. “某人花费……时间做某事”，本句描述一般事实。‎ ‎3．A number of new machines were introduced from abroad, resulted in an increase in production.‎ ‎______________________________________________________‎ 答案：resulted→resulting　句中已有谓语动词were introduced且两句间无连词，故此处应用result的现在分词形式作结果状语。‎ ‎4．In the city center, we have to put up noise.‎ ‎______________________________________________________‎ 答案：up后加with　put up with “忍受”。‎ ‎5．As a result the pilots' strike, all the flights had to be cancelled.‎ ‎______________________________________________________‎ 答案：result后加of　as a result of ... “由于……”，后接名词或名词短语。‎ 五、短文改错 Chinese is one of the world's most widely spoken languages.There are much different types of Chinese.For example，one type known as Mandarin，had almost a billion speakers.Outside of China，Chinese in some form is spoken Chinese communities worldwide.The different kinds of Chinese language use a same script.While someone from the north of China may need the speech of someone from the south interpreted，but it is not usually necessary to have written documents translating.In the early twenty century，a government language policy created Modern Standard Chinese，that is now the official language of China.It is one of the official language of the United Nations to develop more effectively communication.‎ ‎【答案】‎ Chinese is one of the world's most widely spoken languages.There are different types of Chinese.For example，one type known as Mandarin， almost a billion speakers.Outside of China，Chinese in some form is spoken Chinese ‎ 8‎ communities worldwide.The different kinds of Chinese language use same script.While someone from the north of China may need the speech of someone from the south interpreted, it is not usually necessary to have written documents .In the early century，a government language policy created Modern Standard Chinese， is now the official language of China.It is one of the official of the United Nations to develop more communication.‎ 第一处：much改为many。考查限定词。根据下文的可数名词复数“types”可知，此处应用many修饰。‎ 第二处：had改为has。考查时态。根据文章可知，此处描述客观情况，故用一般现在时。‎ 第三处：在Chinese前加by。考查介词。根据语境可知，此处表示汉语“被”说，故应添加by，表示“被，由”。‎ 第四处：a改为the。考查冠词。the same表示“相同的”。‎ 第五处：删除but。考查连词。句首While意为“尽管，虽然”，不能和but连用。‎ 第六处：translating改为translated。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为have sth.done结构，表示“使某事被做”，故应用过去分词作宾语补足语。‎ 第七处：twenty改为twentieth。考查序数词。此处应用序数词表示“在二十世纪早期”。‎ 第八处：that改为which。考查定语从句。that不能引导非限制性定语从句，且此处关系代词在从句中作主语，先行词是Modern Standard Chinese，故将that改为which。‎ 第九处：language改为languages。考查固定用法。“one of＋可数名词复数”为固定用法，故此处应用名词复数形式。‎ 第十处：effectively改为effective。考查形容词。此处应用形容词修饰名词，表示“更有效的沟通”。‎ 8‎