高考英语试题汇编 71页

‎2011年高考英语试题汇编——阅读理解 ‎2011年 (全国卷) ‎ 第三部分 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A When milk arrived on the doorstep When I was a boy growing up in New Jersey in the 1960s, we had a milkman delivering milk to our doorstep. His name was Mr. Basille. He wore a white cap and drove a white truck. As a 5-year-old boy, I couldn’t take my eyes off the coin changer fixed to his belt. He noticed this one day during a delivery and gave me a quarter out of his coin changer.‎ Of course, he delivered more than milk. There was cheese, eggs and so on. If we needed to change our order, my mother would pen a note—“Please add a bottle of buttermilk next delivery”—and place it in the box along with the empty bottles. And then, the buttermilk would magically（魔术般）appear.‎ All of this was about more than convenience. There existed a close relationship between families and their milkmen. Mr. Basille even had a key to our house, for those times when it was so cold outside that we put the box indoors, so that the milk wouldn't freeze. And I remember Mr. Basille from time to time taking a break at our kitchen table, having a cup of tea a nd telling stories about his delivery.‎ There is sadly no home milk delivery today. Big companies allowed the production of cheaper milk thus making it difficult for milkmen to compete (竞争). Besides, milk is for sale everywhere, and it may just not have been practiced to have a delivery service.‎ Recently, an old milk box in the countryside I saw brought back my childhood memories. 1 took it home and planted it on the back porch (门廊). Every so often my son's friends will ask what it is. So I start telling stories of my boyhood, and of the milkman who brought us friendship along with his milk.‎ ‎56. Mr. Basille gave the boy a quarter out of his coin changer .‎ A. to show his m agical power ‎ B. to pay for the delivery C. to satisfy his curiosity ‎ D. to please his mother ‎57. What can be inferred from the fact that the milkman had the key to the boy's house? ‎ A. He wanted to have tea there. ‎ B. He was a respectable person. ‎ C. He was treated as a family member.‎ D. He was fully trusted by the family.‎ ‎58. Why does home milk delivery no longer exist?‎ A. Nobody wants to be a milkman now. ‎ B. It has been driven out of the market. ‎ C. Its service is getting poor.‎ D. It is forbidden by law.‎ ‎59. Why did the author bring back home an old milk box?‎ A. He missed the good old days.‎ B. He wanted to tell interesting stories. ‎ C. He needed it for his milk bottles.‎ D. He planted flowers in it.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎60.What was advertising like in the Middle Ages?‎ A. Merchants were employed to promote products.‎ B. Ad messages were shouted out in public places.‎ C. Product information was included in books.‎ D. Ad signs were put up in towns.‎ ‎61. What does the word “This” in Paragraph 2 refer to?‎ A. Advertising in newspapers.‎ B. Including pictures in ads.‎ C. selling goods in markets.‎ D. Working with ad agencies.‎ ‎62 The 18th century advertising was special in its________________‎ ‎ A growing spending B printing materials ‎ C advertising companies D attractive designs ‎63 Which of the following might be the best title for the text?‎ ‎ A The Story of Advertising ‎ B The Value of Advertising Designs ‎ C The Role of Newspaper Adve rtising ‎ ‎ D The Development of Printing for Advertising ‎ C ‎ While small may be beautiful，tall is just plain uncomfortable it seems，particularly when it comes to staying in hotels and eating in restaurants.‎ ‎ The Tall Persons Club Great Britain(TPCGB)，which was formed six months ago to campaign(发起运动)for the needs of the tall．has turned its attention to hotels and restaurants Beds that are too small，shower heads that are too low ,and restaurant tables with hardly any leg-room all make life difficult for those of above average height it says.‎ ‎ But it is not just the extra-tail whose needs are not being met. The average height of the population has been increasing yet the standard size of beds，doorways，and chairs has remained unchanged ‎ “The bedding industry says a bed should be six inches larger than the person using it ,so even a king-size bed at 6'6"(6feet and 6 inches) is falling short for 25％of men，while the standard 6'3" bed caters for(满足需要)less than half of the male(男性)population，"said TPCGB president Phil Heinricy ,"Seven-foot beds would work fine."‎ ‎ Similarly ,restaurant tables can cause no end of problems Small tables，which mean the long-legged have to sit a foot or so away from them are enough to make tall customers go elsewhere ‎ Some have already taken note，however At Queens Moat Houses’Caledonian Hotel in Edinburgh．6'6" beds are now put in as standard after requests for longer beds from taller visitors,particularly Americans.‎ ‎64 What is the purpose of the TPCGB campaign?‎ ‎ A To provide better services ‎ B To rebuild hotels and restaurants[来源:学_科_网]‎ ‎ C To draw public attention to the needs of the tall ‎ D To attract more people to become its members ‎65 .Which of the following might be a bed of proper length according to Phil Heirtricy? ‎ A .7 2 B. 7 C. 6 6 D .6 3 ‎ ‎66． What may happen to restaurants with small tables?‎ ‎ A .They may lose some customers ‎ B. They may start businesses elsewhere ‎ C .They have to find easy chairs to match the tables ‎ D .They have to provide enough space for the long—legged ‎67. What change has already been made in a hotel in Edinburgh?‎ ‎ A .Tall people pay more for larger beds ‎ B. 6 6 beds have taken the place of 6 3 beds ‎ ‎ C. Special rooms are kept for Americans ‎ D. Guest rooms are standardized ‎ 68．What does the word “residents’’ in Paragraph 1 probably refer to?‎ ‎ A．chickens B．tomatoes C．gardens D．people ‎69．By saying “a win—win situation all around”，Ms．Gartin means that_______．‎ ‎ A．she is happier and her garden bigger ‎ B．she may spend less and lose weight ‎ C．she is selling more and buying less ‎ D．she has grown more varieties of vegetables ‎70．Why is vegetable gardening becoming increasingly popular?‎ ‎ A．More Americans are doing it for fun．‎ ‎ B．The price of oil is lower than before，‎ ‎ C．There’s a growing need for fruits．‎ ‎ D．The cost of living is on the rise．‎ ‎71．Which of the following might be the best title for the ten?‎ ‎ A．Family Food Planning B．Banking on Gardening[来源:学科网]‎ ‎ C．A Belt-tightening Move D．Gardening as a Hobby ‎ ‎ E Wanted，Someone for a Kiss We’re looking for producers to join US on the sound of London Kiss l 00 FM．You’Il work on the station’s music programmes. Music production experience in radio is necessary, along with rich knowledge of modem dance music．Please apply (申请) in writing to Producer Vacancies，Kiss 100．‎ Father Christmas We’re looking for a very special person，preferably over 40，to fill our Father Christmas suit．‎ Working days：Every Saturday from November 24 to December l 5 and every day from December 17 to December 24 except Sundays, 10：30-16：00．‎ Excellent pay．‎ Please contact (联系) the Enterprise Shopping Centre，Station Parade，Eastbourne．‎ Accountants Assistant When you join the team in our Revenue Administration Unit, you will be providing assistance within all parts of the Revenue Division, dealing with post and other general duties. If you are educated to GCSE grade C level we would like to talk to you. This position is equally suitable for a school leaver or for somebody who has office experience.‎ Wealden District Council Software Trainer If you are aged 24-45 and have experience in teaching and training, you could be the person we are looking for. You should be good at the computer and have some experience in programme writing. You will be allowed to make your own decisions, and to design courses as well as present them. Pay upwards of ￡15,000 for the right person. Please apply by sending your CV (简历) to Mrs R..Oglivie, Palmlace Limited.‎ ‎72. Who should you get in touch with if you hope to work in a radio station?‎ ‎ A. Producer Vacancies, Kiss 100.‎ ‎ B. Mrs Oglivie, palmlace Limited.‎ ‎ C. The Enterprise Shopping Centre.‎ ‎ D. Wealden District Council.‎ ‎73. We Iearn from the ads that the Enterprise Shopping Centre needs a person who __‎ ‎ A. is aged between 24 and 40‎ ‎ B. may do some training work ‎ C. should deal with general duties ‎ D. can work for about a month ‎74. Which position is open to recent school graduates?‎ ‎ A. Producer, London Kiss. B. Father Christmas.‎ ‎ C. Accountants Assistant. D. Software Trainer.‎ ‎75. What kind of person would probably apply to Palmlace Limited?‎ ‎ A. One with GCSE grade C level.‎ ‎ B. One with some office experience.‎ ‎ C. One having good computer knowledge.‎ ‎ D. One trained in producing music programmes.‎ ‎2011年 (新课标卷) ‎ 第三部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A When milk arrived on the doorstep When I was a boy growing up in New Jersey in the 1960s, we had a milkman delivering milk to our doorstep. His name was Mr. Basille. He wore a white cap and drove a white truck. As a 5-year-old boy, I couldn’t take my eyes off the coin changer fixed to his belt. He noticed this one day during a delivery and gave me a quarter out of his coin changer.‎ Of course, he delivered more than milk. There was cheese, eggs and so on. If we needed to change ‎ our order, my mother would pen a note-“Please add a bottle of buttermilk next delivery”-and place it in the box along with the empty bottles. And then, the buttermilk would magically appear.‎ All of this was about more than convenience. There existed a close relationship between families and their milkmen. Mr. Basille even had a key to out house, for those times when it was so cold outside that we put the box indoors, so that the milk wouldn’t freeze. And I remember Mr. Basille from time to time taking a break at our kitchen table, having a cup of tea and telling stories about his delivery.‎ There is sadly no home milk delivery today. Big companies allowed the production of cheaper milk, thus making it difficult for milkmen to compete. Besides, milk is for sale everywhere, and it may just not have been practical to have a delivery service.‎ Recently, an old milk box in the countryside I saw brought back my childhood memories. I took it home and planted it on the back porch （门廊）. Every so often my son’s friends will ask what it is. So I start telling stories of my boyhood, and of the milkman who brought us friendship along with his milk.‎ ‎56. Mr Basille gave the boy a quarter out of his coin changer____.‎ A. to show his magical power. B. to pay for the delivery ‎ C. to satisfy his curiosity. D. to please his mother. ‎ ‎57. What can be inferred from the fact that the milkman had the key to the boy’s house?‎ A. He wanted to have tea there. ‎ B. He was a respectable person.‎ C. He was treated as a family member. ‎ D. He was fully trusted by the family.‎ ‎58. Why does home milk delivery no longer exist?‎ A. Nobody wants to be a milkman now. ‎ B. It has been driven out of the market.‎ C. Its service is getting poor. ‎ D. It is forbidden by law.‎ ‎59. Why did the author bring back home an old milk box?‎ A. He missed the good old days. ‎ B. He wanted to tell interesting stories.‎ C. He missed it for his milk bottles. ‎ D. He planted flowers in it. ‎ B While small may be beautiful, tall is just plain uncomfortable it seems, particularly when it comes to staying in hotels and eating in restaurants.‎ The Tall Persons Club Great Britain (TPCGB), which was formed six months ago to campaign for the needs of the tall, has turned its attention to hotels and restaurants. Beds that are too small, showe heads that are too low, and restaurant tables with hardly any leg-room all make life difficult for those of above average height, it says.‎ But it is not just the extra-tall whose needs are not being met. The average night of the population has been increasing ye the standard size of beds, doorways, and chairs has remained unchanged.]‎ ‎“The bedding industry says a bed should be six inches larger than the person using it, so even a king-size bed at 6′6″(6 feet and 6 inches) is falling short for 25% of men, while the standard 6′3″ bed caters for less than half of the male population.” Said TPCGB president Phil ‎ Heinricy, “seven-foot beds would work fine.”‎ Sililarly, restaurant tables can cause no end of problems. Small tables, which mean the long-legged have to sit a foot or so away from them, are enough to make tall customers go elsewhere.‎ Some have already taken note, however. At Queens Moat Houses′Caledoman Hotl in Edinburgh, 6′6″beds are now put in as standard after requests for longer beds from taller visitors, particularly Americans.‎ ‎60. What is the purpose of the TPCGB campaign?‎ A. To provide better services. ‎ B. To rebuild hotels and restaurants.‎ C. To draw public attention to the needs of the tall.‎ D. To attract more people to become its members.‎ ‎61. Which of the following might be a bed of proper length according to Phil Heinricy?‎ A. 7′2″. B. 7′ C. 6′6″ D. 6′3″‎ ‎62.What may happen to restaurants with small tables?‎ A. They may lose some customers. ‎ B. They may start businesses elsewhere.‎ C. They have to find easy chairs to match the tables.‎ D. They have to provide enough space for the long-legged.‎ ‎63. What change has already been made in a hotel in Edinburgh?‎ A. Tall people pay more for larger beds. ‎ B. 6′6″beds have taken the place of 6′3″beds.‎ C. Special rooms are kept for Americans. ‎ D. Guest rooms are standardized.‎ C Cassandra Feeley finds it hard to manage on her husband’s income. So this year she did something more than a hobby: She planted vegetables in her yard. For her fist garden, Ms Feeley has put in 15 tomato plants, and five rows of a variety of vegetables. The family’s old farm house has become a chicken bourse ,its residents arriving next month. Last year, Ms.Rita Gartin kept a small garden. This year she has made it much larger because, she said ,“The cost of everything is going up and I was looking to lose a few pounds too; so it’s a win-win situation all around.”‎ They are among the growing number of Americans who, driven by higher living costs and a falling economy(经济), have taken up vegetable gardening for the first time. Other have increased the size of their existing gardens. Seed companies and garden shops say no since the 1970s have there been such an increase in interest in growing food at home. Now many gardens across the country hacek been sold out for several months. In Austin, Tex., some of the gardens have a three-year waiting list.‎ George C.Ball Jr, owner of a company, said sales of vegetable seeds and plants are up by 40%, over last year, double the average growth of last five years. Mr.Ball argues that some of the reasons have been building for the last few years. The big one is striking use in me cost on food like bread and milk, together with the increases in the price of fruit and vegetables. Food prices have increase of higher oil price. People are driving less, taking fewer vacations, so there more time to garden.‎ ‎64. What does the word “residents” in Paragraph 1 probably refer to?‎ A. chickens B. tomatoes C. gardens D. people ‎65. Why is vegetable gardening becoming increasingly popular?‎ A. More Americans are dong it for fun.‎ B. The price of oil is lower than before.‎ C. There’s a growing need for fruits.‎ D. The cost of living is on the rise.‎ ‎66. Which of the following might be the best title for the text?‎ A. Family Food Planning B. Banking on Gardening C. A Belt-tightening Move D. Gardening as a Hobby D Wanted, Someone for a Kiss We’re looking for producers to join us in the second of London 100FM. You’ll work on the station’s music programmes. Music production experience in radio is necessary, along with rich knowledge of modern dance music. Please apply(申请) in writing to Producer Vacancies, Kiss100.‎ Father Christmas We’re looking for a very special person preferably over 40, to fill our Father Christmas suit.‎ Working days: Every Saturday from November 24 to December 15 and every day from December17 to December24 except Sunday, 10:30—16:00‎ Excellent pay.‎ Please contact(联系)the Enterprise Shopping Center, Station Parade, Eastbourne.‎ Accountants Assistant ‎ When you join the them in our Revenue Administration Unit, you will be providing assistance within all parts of the Revenue Division, dealing with post and other general duties. If you are educated to GCSE grade C level we would like to talk to you. This position is equally suitable for a school leaver of for somebody who has office experience.‎ Wealden District Council Software Trainer ‎ If you are aged 24-45 and have experience in teaching and training, you could be the person we are looking for. You should be good at the computer and have some experience in programme writing. You will be allowed to make our decision, and to design courses as well as present them. Pay upwards of ￡15,000 for the right person. Please apply by sending your CV (简历) to Mrs R. Oglivie, Palmlace Limited.‎ ‎67. Who should you get in touch with if you hope to work in a radio station?‎ A. Producer Vacancies, Kiss 100. B. Mrs R. Oglivie, Palmlace Limited. ‎ C. The Enterprise Shopping Centre D. Wealden District Council.‎ ‎68. We learn from the ads that the Enterprise Shopping Centre needs a person who __________________.‎ A. is aged between 24 and 40 B. may do some training work ‎ C. should deal with general duties D. can work for about a month ‎69. which position is open to recent school graduates?‎ A. Producer,London Kiss.‎ B.Father Christmas.‎ C. Accountants Assistant D.Software Trainer ‎70.What kind of person would probably apply to Palmace Limited?‎ A.One with GCSE grade C level.‎ B. One with some office experience.‎ C. One having good computer knowledge D. One trained in producing music programmes.‎ 参考答案 ‎56.C 57.D 58.B 59.A 60.C 61.B 62.A 63.A 64.A ‎ ‎65.A 66.A 67.A 68.D 69.C 70.C ‎2011年 (北京卷) ‎ 第三部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）‎ 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ ks5u.com A ‎“I Went Skydiving at 84!”‎ As a young girl growing up in the 1930s, I always wanted to fly a plane, but back then it was almost unheard of for a woman to do that. I got a taste of that dream in 2011,when my husband arranged for me to ride in a hot air balloon for my birthday. But the experience turned out to be very dull. Around that time,I told my husband that I wanted to skydive. So when our retirement community（社区）announced that they were having an essay competition and the topic was an experience of a lifetime that you wanted to have, I decided to write about my dream.‎ In the essay, I wrote about my desire to skydive, stating George Brush Sr. did it at age 80. Why not me? I was just 84 and in pretty good health. A year went by and I heard nothing. But then at a community party in late April 2009, they announced that I was one of the winners. I just couldn’t believe it. Inspired by this.I deeided to realize my dream,even though some of my family members and my doctor were against it.‎ On June 11, 2009, nearly 40 of my family and friends gathered in the area close to where I would land while I headed up in the airplane. My instructor, Jay, guided me through the experience. The plane was the noisiest one I had ever been in, but I wasn’t frightened—I was really just looking forward to the experience. When we reached 13,000 feet, Jay instructed me to throw myself out of the plane. When we first hit the air, the wind was so strong that I could hardly breathe. For a second I thought, “What have I gotten myself into?” But then everything got calmer. We were in a free fall for about a minute before Jay opened the parachute（降落伞）, then we just floated downward for about five minutes. Being up in the clouds and looking at the view below was unlike anything I have ever felt—much better than the hot air ballon. I was just enjoying it.[来源:学#科#网Z#X#X#K]‎ Skydiving was really one of the greatest experiences of my life. I hope other people will look at me and realize that you don’t stop living just because you are 84 years old. If there’s something you want to experience, look into it. If it’s something that is possible, make it happen.‎ ‎56. What happened to the auther in 2001?[来源:高考资源网KS5U.COM]‎ A. She flew an airplane B. She entered a competition C. She went on a hot air balloon ride D. She moved into a retirement community ‎57. The author mentioned George Bush Sr. in her essay to .‎ A. build up her own reputation B. show her admiration for him C. compare their health conditon D. make her argument persuasive ‎58. How did the author feel immediately after she jumped out of the plane?‎ A. Excited B. Scared C. Nervous D. Regretful ‎59. What did the author enjoy most when she was skydiving?‎ A.The beautiful clouds B. The wonderful view C. The company of Jay D. The one-minute free fall ‎60. Before sending a manuscript to the Post, a contributor is advised to .‎ A. get a better understanding of American issues B. find out the range of the articles in the post C. increase his knowledge in many fields D. broaden his research focus ‎61.to submit nonfiction articles，a contributor must_____.‎ A. provide his special qualification ‎ B. be a regular reader of the Post C. produce printed version ‎ D. be over 45 year old ‎ ‎62.From the passage we can learn that the Post .‎ A. allows article submission within six weeks B. favor science articles within 2,000 words C. have a huge demand for humorous works D. prefers nonfiction to fiction article ‎ C Students and Technology in the Classroom I love my blackberry—it’s my little connection to the larger world that can go anywhere with me . I also love my laptop computer ，as it holds all of my writing and thoughts .Despite this love of technology ,I know that there are times when I need to move away from these devices（设备） and truly communicat with others.‎ On occasion, I teach a course called History Matters for a group of higher education managers. My goals for the class include a full discussion of historical themes and ideas .Because I want students to thoroughly study the material and exchange their ideas with each other in the classroom ,I have a rule —no laptop ,iPads ,phones ,etc .When students were told my rule in advance of the class, some of them were not happy . ‎ Most students assume that my reasons for this rule include unpleasant experiences in the past with students misusing technology . There’s a bit of truth to that. Some students assume that I am anti-technology . There’s no truth in that at all . I love technology and try to keep up with it so I ‎ can relate to my students.‎ The real reason why I ask students to leave technology at the door is that I think there are very few places in which we can have deep conversions and truly engage complex ideas. Interruptions by technology often break concentration and allow for too much dependence on outside information for ideas . I want students to dig deep within themselves for inspiration and ideas. I want them to push each other to think differently and make connections between the course the material and the class discussion .‎ I’ve been teaching my history class in this way for many years and the evaluations reflect student satisfaction with the environment that I create .Students realize that with deep conversation and challenge, they learn at a level that helps them keep the course material beyond the classroom . ‎ I’m not saying that I won’t ever change my mind about technology use in my history class, but until I hear a really good reason for the change ,I’m sticking to my plan. A few hours of technology-free dialogue is just too sweet to give up.‎ ‎63.Some of the students in the history class were unhappy with____‎ A. the course material B. others’ misuse of technology ‎ C. discussion topics D. the author’s class regulations ‎ ‎64.The underlined word “engage ”in para.4 probably means ____‎ A. explore B. accept C. change D. reject ‎ ‎65.According to the author, the use of technology in the classroom may ____‎ A. keep students from doing independent thinking ‎ B. encourage students to have in-depth conversations C. help students to better understand complex themes ‎ D. affect students’ concentration on course evaluation ‎66.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that the author ____‎ A. is quite stubborn ‎ B. will give up teaching history ‎ C. will change his teaching plan soon ‎ D. values technology-free dialogues in his class ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎67.What was the problem caused by the construction of the railways ?‎ A. Small towns along the railways became abandoned.‎ B. Some railroad stops remained underused.‎ C. Land in the West was hard to manage. ‎ D. Land grants went into private hands.‎ ‎68.What is the major concern in the development of alternative energy according to the last two paragraphs ? ‎ A. The transmission of power. B. The use of money and power. ‎ C. The conservation of solar energy. D. The selection of an ideal place. ‎ ‎69.What is the author ‘s attitude towards building solar plants ?‎ A. Cautious B. Approving C. Doubtful D. Disapproving ‎ ‎70.Which is the best title for the passage ?‎ A. How the Railways Have Affected the West ‎ B. How Solar Energy Could Reshape the West ‎ C. How the Effects of Power Plants Can Be Reduced ‎ D. How the Problems of the Highways Have Been Settled 第一节 ‎56-60 CDDBB 61-65 ACDAA 66-70 DCBAB ‎2011年 (天津卷) ‎ 第二部分： 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A Homestay provides English language students with the opportunity to speak English outside the classroom and the experience of being part of a British home.‎ What to Expect The host will provide accommodation and meals. Rooms will be cleaned and bedcovers changed at least once a week. You will be given the house key and the host is there to offer help and advice as well as to take an interest in your physical and mental health.‎ Accommodation Zones Homestays are located in London mainly in Zones2,3 and of the transport system. Most hosts do not live in the town centre as much of central London is commercial and not residential(居住的). Zones3 and 4often offer larger accommodation in a less crowned area. It is very convenient to travel in London by Underground.‎ Meal Plans Available ‎♢ Continental Breakfast ‎♢ Breakfast and Dinner ‎♢ Breakfast, Packed Lunch and Dinner It’s important to note that few English families still provide a traditional cooked breakfast. Your accommodation includes Continental Breakfast which normally consists of fruit juice, cereal（谷物类食品），bread and tea or coffee. Cheese, fruit and cold meat are not normally part of a Continental Breakfast in England. Dinners usually consist of meat or fish with vegetables followed by desert, fruit and coffee.‎ Friends If you wish to invite a friend over to visit.you must first ask your host’s permission.You have no right to entertain friends in a family home as some families feel it is an invasion of their privacy.‎ Self-Catering Accommodation in Private Homes Accommodation on a room-only basis includes shared kitchen and bathroom facilities and often a main living room.This kind of accommodation offers an independent lifestule and is more suitable for the long-stay student.However,it does not provide the same family atmosphere as an ordinary homestay and may not benefit those who need to practise English at home quite as much.‎ ‎36.The passage is probably written for ‎ A.host willing to receive foreign students B.loreigners hoping to build British culture C.travellers planning to vist famlies in London D.English learners applying to like in English homes ‎37.Which of the following will the host provide?‎ A. Room cleaning.‎ B. Medical care.‎ C. Free transport.‎ D. Physical trainning.‎ ‎38.What can be inferred from Paragraph3?‎ A.Zone 4 is more crowded than Zone 2.‎ B.The business centre of London is in Zone.‎ C.Hosts dislike travelling to the city centre.‎ ‎39.According to the passage. What does continental Breakfast include?‎ A.Dessert and coffee B.Fruit and vegetables.‎ C.bread and fruit juice ‎ D.Centre and cold meat.‎ ‎40.Why do some people choose self-catering accommodation?‎ A.To experience a warmer famliy atmosphere.‎ B.To enrich their knowledge of English‎ C.To entertain friends as they like.‎ D.To enjoy much more freedom.‎ B ‎ In the fall of 1985. I was a bright-eyed ghl heading off to Howard University, aiming at a legal career and dreaming of sitting on a Supreme Court bench somewhere. Twenty-one years later I am later I am still a bright-eyed dreamer and one with quite a different tale to tell.‎ ‎ My grandma, an amazing woman, graduated from college an the age of 65. She was the first in our family to reach that goal. But one year after I started college, she developed cancer. I made the choice to withdraw from college to care for her. It meant that school and my personal dream would have to wait.‎ ‎ Then I got married with another dream: building my family with a combination of adopt and biological children. In 1999, we adopted our first son. To lay eyes on him was fantastic---and very emotional. A year later came our second adopted boy. Then followed son No. 3. In 2003, I gave birth to another boy.‎ ‎ You can imagine how fully occupied I became, raising four boys under the age of 81. Our home was a complete zoo---a joyous zoo. Not surprising, I never did make it back to college full-time. But I never gave up on the dream either. I had only one choice: to find a way. That meant talking as few as one class each semester.‎ ‎ The hardest part was feeling guilty about the time I spent away from the boys. They often wanted me to stay home with them. There certainly were times I wanted to quit, But I knew I should set an example for them to follow through the rest of their lives.‎ In 2007, I graduated from the University of North Carolina. It took me over 21 years to get my college degree！‎ I am not special, just single-minded. It always struck me that when you’re looking at a big challenge from the outside it looks huge, but when you’re in the midst of it, it just seems normal. Everything you want won’t arrive in your life on one day. It’s a process. Remember；little steps add up to big dreams.‎ ‎41. When the author went to Howard University, her dream was tobe ‎ A. a writer B. a teacher C. a judge D. a doctor ‎42. Why did the author quit school in her second year of college?‎ A. She wanted to study by herself.‎ B. She fell in love and got married.‎ C. She suffered from a serious illness.‎ D. She decided to look after her grandma. ‎ ‎13． What can we learn about the author from Paragraphs 4 and 5?‎ ‎2、She was buy yet happy with her family life.‎ ‎3、She ignored her guilty feeling for her sons.‎ ‎4、She wanted to remain a full-time housewife.‎ ‎5、She was too confused to make a correct choice.‎ ‎（2）What dose the author mostly want to tell us in the last paragraph?‎ ‎17.Failure is the mother of success.‎ ‎18.Little by little ,one goes far.‎ ‎19.Every coin has two sides.‎ ‎20.Well begun ,half done.‎ ‎45.Which of the following can best describe the author ?‎ 五、Caring and determine.‎ 六、Honest and responsible.‎ 七、Ambitious and sensitive .‎ 八、Innocent and single-minded.‎ C An idea that started in Seattle's public library has spread throughout America and beyond. The concept is simple: help to build a sense of community in a city by getting everyone to read the same book at the same tome.‎ In addition to encouraging reading as a pursuit (追求) to be enjoyed by all, the program allows strangers to communicate by discussing the book on the bus, as well as promoting reading as an experience to be shared in families and schools. The idea came from Seattle librarian Nancy Pearl who launched (发起）the "If All of Seattle Read the Same Book " project in 1998. Her original program used author visits,study guides and book discussion groups to bring people together with a book, but the idea has since expanded to many other American cities, and even to Hong kong.‎ In Chicago, the mayor(市长）appeared on television to announce the choice of To Kill a Mockingbird as the first book in the "One Book, One Chicago" program. As a result, reading clubs and neighbourhood groups sprang up around the city. Across the US, stories emerged of parents and children reading to each other at night and strangers chatting away on the bus about plot and character.‎ ‎ The only problem arose in New York ,where local readers could not decide on one book to represent the huge and diverse population. This may show that the idea works best in medium-sized cities or large towns,where a greater sense of unity(一致）can be achieved .Or it may show that New Yorkers rather missed the point ,putting all their energy ‎ And passion into the choice of the book rather than discussion about a book itself.‎ Ultinatel was Nancy points out,the level of sucicess is not meastured by how many people read a book,but by how many people are enriched by the process.or have enjoyed speaking to someone with whom they would not otherwise have shared a word.‎ ‎46.What is the purpose of the project launched by Nancy?‎ A.To invite authors to guide readers.‎ B.To encourage people to read and share.‎ C.To involve people in communnity service.‎ D.To promote the friendship between cities.‎ ‎47.Why was it difficult for New Yorkers to carry out the projict?‎ A.They had little interest in reading.‎ B.They were too busy to read a book.‎ C.They came from many different backgrounds D.They lacked support from the locat government ‎48.According to the passage,where would the project be more easily carried out?‎ A.In large communities with little sense of unity B.In large cities where libraries are far from home C.In medium-sized cities with a diverse population D.In large towns where agreement can be quickly reached ‎49.The underlined words“shared a word”in Paragraph 5 probably mean ‎ A.exchanged ideas with each other B.discussed the meaning of a word C.gamed life experience ‎ D.used the same language ‎50.According to Nacy,the degree of students of the project is judged by ‎ ‎ A. the careful selection of a proper book B. the growing popularity of the writers C.the number of people who benefit from reading.‎ D.the number of books that each person reads.‎ D Blind imitation (模仿)is self-destruction.To those who do not recognize their unique worth. Imitation appears attractive: to those who know their strenghth. Imitation is unacceptable.‎ In the early stages of skill or character development, imitation is helpful. When I first learned to cook, I used recipes (菜谱) and turned out some tasty dishes. But soon I grew bored. Why follow someone else’s way of cooking when I could create my own? Imitating role models is like using training wheels on a child’s bicycle; they help you get going, but once you find your own balance, you fly faster and farther without relying on them.‎ In daily life, imitation can hurt us if we subconsciously (下意识地) hold poor role models. If, as a child, you observed people whose lives were bad, you may have accepted their fear and pain as normal and gone on to follow what they did. If you do not make strong choices for yourself, you will get the results of the weak choices of others.‎ In the field of entertainment, our culture glorifies celebrities. Those stars look great on screen. But when they step off screen, their personal lives may be disastrous. If you are going to follow someone, focus on their talent, not their bad character or unacceptable behaviors.‎ Blessed is the person willing to act on their sundden desire to create somrthing unique.Think of the movies,books,teachers,and friends that have affected you most deeply.They touched you because their creations were motivated by inspiration,not desperation.The world is changed not by those who do what has been done brfore them,but by those who do what has been done inside them.Creative people have an endless resource of ideas.The problem a creator faces is not running out of material;it is what to do with the material knocking at the door of imagination.‎ Syudy your role models,accept the gifts they have given,and leave behind what does not server.Then you can say,”I stand on the shoulders of my ancestors”tragedies and tory ,and know that they are cheering on.‎ ‎51.Imitation proves useful when you .‎ A.know you are unique B.lose the bslance of life C.begin to learn something new D.get tired of routine practice ‎52. To avoid the bad result of imitation, we should________.‎ A. forget daily fear and pain B. choose the right example C. ask others for decisions D. stay away from stars ‎53.Acording to the author. The world moves on because of those who are .‎ A. desperate to intruence others with their knowledge ‎ B. ready to turn their original ideas into reality C. eager to discover what their ancestors did D. willing to accept others’ideas ‎54.The trouble a creator faces is .‎ A. the lack of strong motivation B. the absence of practical ideas ‎ C. how to search for more materials D. how to use imagination creatively ‎55. What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?‎ A. To highlight the importance of creatively.‎ B. To criticize the characters of role models.‎ C. To compare imitation with creation.‎ D. To explain the meaning of success.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2011年 (重庆卷) ‎ 三、阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）‎ ‎ 请阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项的标号涂黑。‎ A There was a gardener who looked after his garden with great care. To water his flowers, he used two buckers. One was a shiny and new bucket. The other was a very old and dilapidated one,‎ ‎ which had seen many years of service, but was now past its best.‎ Every morning, the gardener would fill up the two buckets. Then he would carry them along the path, one on each side, to the flowerbeds. The new bucket was very proud of itself. It could carry a full bucket of water without a single drop spilled (溢出). The old bucket felt very ashamed because of its holes: before it reached the flowerbeds, much water had leaked along the path.‎ Sometimes the new bucket would say, “See how capable I am! How good it is that the gardener has me to water the flowers every day! I don't know why he still bothers with you. What a waste of space you are!”‎ And all that the old bucket could say was, “I know I’m not very useful, but I can only do my best. I’m happy that the gardener still finds a little bit of use in me, at least.”‎ One day, the gardener heard that kind or conversation. After watering the flowers as usual, he said, “You both have done your work very well. Now I am going to carry you back. I want you to look carefully along the path.”‎ Then the two buckets did so. All along the path, they noticed, on the side where the new bucket was carried, there was just bare (光秃秃的) earth; on the onther side where the old bucket was carried, there was a joyous row of wild flowers, leading all the way to the garden.‎ ‎56. What does the underlined word “dilapidated” probably mean?‎ A. Dirty B. Dark C. Worn-out D. Plain-looking.‎ ‎57. What was the old bucket ashamed of?‎ A. His past. B. His aging.‎ C. His manner. D. His leaking.‎ ‎58. The new bucket made conversations with the old one mainly to ‎ A. laugth at the old one B. take pity on the old one C. show off its beautiful looks D. praise the gardener’s kindness ‎59. Why was the old bucket still kept by the gardener?‎ A. Because it was used to keep a balance B. Because it stayed in its besr condition C. Because it was taken as a treasure D. Because it had its own function B Mapping Your World Different forms of maps are appearing. They allow independent travelers to get local knowledge of places they are visting, from the official to the unusual. Meanwhile, hi-tech developments are creating new ways for us to map the world. Here are two of our favorites:‎ Green Maps Green Maps allows people to share with the world their knowledge of environmentally friendly plaees and attractions in the local areas. Users add information with a set of icons (图标), making it easy to read any map, whatever the nationalities of those who produce it. At present there are over five hundred map projects being developed in 54 countries. Green Maps’ advertised idea is “think global, map local”. It is a wonderful way of gaining all sorts of information of a place, ranning from community gardens to good places of birdwatching.‎ Green Maps is not specifically intended for travelers. Not all of its maps are online, so it may be necessary for some users to communicate with producers through the Green Maps website.‎ Maps Mashups Many people use online maps developed by Google, but not many know about the mashups of them. Working in a similar way to Green Maps, Maps Mashups allows people to add icons of their own to exsiting maps to express a certain topic. The mashups is so called because it combines all the knowledge you could ever need. It ranges from the extremely useful, such as where all the World. Heritage Site are, to the most bizarre (古怪的)，such as where America’s drunkest cities are. With the mashups added to the basic Google Maps, a multi-layered (多层的) map can be created.‎ ‎60. According to the passage, which of the following is a characteristic of Green Maps?‎ A. Aiming at environmental protection.‎ B. Introducing local attractions with icons.‎ C. Offering advice to independent travelers.‎ D. Cllecting icons worldwide for local maps.‎ ‎61. Which of the following icons is most probably NOT used in Green Maps?‎ A. B.‎ C. D. ‎ ‎62. “Map Mashups” is named with the word “mashups” because ‎ A. it is produced by users all over the world B. it gathers various kinds of information C. it shaers icons with Green Maps D. it is a branch of Google Maps ‎63. What do Green Maps and Map Mashups have in common?‎ A. They are created by local people.‎ B. They are environmentally friendly.‎ C. Users can edit maps on the Inernet.‎ D. Users need to communicate with producers.‎ C Getting rid of dirt, in the opinion of most people, is a good thing. However, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.‎ In the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease, as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in. A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths. By 1538, the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the king of England in 1546. Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way. Henry IV, King of France, was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath, the king ordered that, to avoid the attack of disease, the nobleman should not go out.‎ Though the belief in the merit of dirt was long-lived, dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18th century. Scientifically speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to health.‎ ‎ Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease. Yet, it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War Ⅱ. Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea: clothes need to be whiter than white, cloths ever softer, surfaces to shine. Has the hate for dirt, however, gone too far?‎ Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. Many first-time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt, which might be responsible for the spread of disease.On the contrary, Mary Ruebush, an American immunologist(免疫学家)，encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system. And the latter position is gaining some ground.‎ ‎64. The kings of France and England in the 16th century closed bath houses because .‎ A. they lived healthily in a dirty environment.‎ B. they thought bath houses were too dirty to stay in ‎ C. they believed disease could be spread in public baths D. they considered bathing as the cause of skin disease ‎65.Which of the following best describes Henry IV’s attitude to bathing?‎ A. Afraid. B. Curious.‎ C. Approving. D. Uninterested.‎ ‎66. How does the passage mainly develop?‎ A. By providing examples.‎ B. By making comparisons.‎ C. By following the order of time.‎ D. By following the order of importance.‎ ‎67. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?‎ A. To stress the role of dirt.‎ B. To introduce the history of dirt.‎ C. To call attention to the danger of dirt.‎ D. To present the change of views on dirt.‎ D William Butler Yeats, a most famous Irish writer, was born in Dublin on June 13,1865. His childhood lacked the harmony (和睦) that was typical of a happy family. Later, Yeats shocked his family by saying that he remembered “little of childhood but its pain”. In fact, he inherited (继承) excellent taste in art from his family—both his father and his brother were painters. But he finally settled on literature, particularly drama (戏剧) and poetry.‎ Yeats had strong faith in coming of new artistic movements. He set himself the fresh task in founding an Irish national theatre in the late 1890s. His early theatrical experiments, however, were not received favorably at the beginning. He didn’t lose heart, and finally enjoyed success in his poetical drama.‎ Compared with his dramatic works, Yeats’s poems attract much admiring notice. The subject matter includes love, nature, history, time and aging. Though Yeats generally relied on very tradisional forms, he brought modern sensibility to them. As his literary life progressed, his poetry grew finer and richer, which led him to worldwide recognition.‎ He had not enjoyed a major public lift since winning the Nobel Price in 1923. Yet, he continued writing almost to the end of his life. Had Yeats stopped writing at age 40, he would probably now be valued as a minor poet, for there is no other example in literary history of a poet who produces his greatest works between the age of 50 and 75. After Yeats’s death in 1939, W. H. Auden wrote,‎ ‎ among others, the falling liners:‎ Earth, receive an honoured guest:‎ William Yeats is laid to rest.‎ Let the Irish vessel (船) lie Emptied of its poetry.‎ ‎68. Which of the following can describe Yeats’s family?‎ A. It filled Yeats’s childhood with laughter.‎ B. It was shocked by Yeats’s choice.‎ C. It was a typically wealthy family.‎ D. It had an artistic atmosphere.‎ ‎69. According to thse passage, what do we know about Yeats’s life?‎ A. Yeats founded the first Irish theater.‎ B. Yeats stuck to modern forms in his peotry.‎ C. Yeats began to produce his best works from the 1910s.‎ D. Yeats was not favored by the publie until the 1923 Noble Prize.‎ ‎70. What kind of feeling is expressed in W.H.Auden’s lines?‎ A. Envy. B. Sympathy.‎ C. Emptiness. D. Admiration.‎ ‎71. What is the passage mainly about?‎ A. Yeats’s literary achievements.‎ B. Yeats’s historical influence.‎ C. Yeats’s artistic ambition.‎ D. Yeats’s national honor.‎ E Skeptics are a stange lot. Some of them refuse to admit the serious threat of human activities to the enviroment, and they are tired of people who disagree with them. Those people, say skeptics, spread nothing but bad news about the environment. The “eco-guilt” brought on by the discouraging news about our planet gives rise to the popularity of skeptics as people search for more comforting worldviews.‎ Perhaps that explain why a new book by Bjorn Lomborg received so much publicity. That book, The Skeptical Environmentalist, declares that it measures the “real state of the world” as fine. Of course, another explanation is the deep pockets some big businesses with special intererts. Indeed, Mr. Lomborg’s views are similar to those of some Industry-funded organizations, which start huge activities though the media to confuse the public about issues like global warming.‎ So it was strange to see Mr. Lomborg’s book go largely unchallenged in the media though his beliefs were contrary to most scientific opinions. One national newspaper in Canada ran a number of articles and reviews full of words of praise, even with the conclusion that “After Lomborg, the environmental movement will begin to die down.”‎ Such one-sided views should have immediately been challenged. But only a different review appeared in Nature, a respected science magazine with specific readership. The review remarked that Mr. Lomborg’s “preference for unexamined materials is incredible (不可信的)”。‎ A critical (批判的) eye is valuable, and the media should present information in such a way that could allow people to make informed decisions. Unfortunately, that is often inaccessible as blocked by the desire to be shocking or to defend some special interests. People might become ‎ half-blind before a world partially exhibited by the media. That’s a shame, because matters concerning the health of the planet are far too important to be treated lightly.‎ ‎72. According to the passage, which of the following may be regarded as “skeptics”?‎ A. People who agree on the popularity of “eco-guilt”.‎ B. People who disbelieve the serious situation of our planet.‎ C. People who dislike the harmful effect of human activities.‎ D. People who spread comforting news to protect our environment.‎ ‎73. Which of the following can be a reason for the popularity of Lomborg’s books?‎ A. Some big businesses intend to protect their own interests. ‎ B. The book challenges views about the fine state of the wirld.‎ C. The author convinces people to seek comforting worldviews.‎ D. Industry–funded media present confusing information.‎ ‎74. The author mentioned the review in Nature in order to_____.‎ A. voice a different opinion B. find fault with Lomborg’s book ‎ C. challenge the authority of the media D. point out the value of scientific views.‎ ‎75. What is the author’s main purpose in writing the passage?‎ A. To encourage the skeptics to have a critical eye.‎ B. To warn the public of the danger of half–blindness with reviews.‎ C. To blame the media’s lack of responsibility in presenting information.‎ D. To show the importance of presenting overall information by the media.‎ ‎（6）阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）‎ ‎56-60 CDADB 61-65 BBCCA 66-70 CDDCD ‎71-75 ABAAD ‎ ‎2011年 (安徽卷) ‎ 第三部分 阅读理解 （共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A Passage 1[来源:学+科+网]‎ The information Highway is the road that links computer users to a large number of on-line services; the Web ,e-mail, and software, to mention just a few. Not long ago, the information Highway was a new road, with not many us ers. Now, everyone seems to want to take a drive, with over 30 million families connected worldwide. Not surprisingly, this well-traveled highway is starting to look like a well-traveled highway. Traffic jams can cause many serious problems, forcing the system to close down for repair. Naturally, accidents will happen on such a crowed road, and usually victims are some files, gone forever. Then, of course, there’s Mr. Cool, with his new broad-band connection, who speeds down the highway faster than most of us can go. But don’t trick yourself; he pays for that speeding.‎ Passage 2‎ Want to know more about global warming and how you can help prevent it? Doctor Herman Friedman, who is considered a leading expert on the subject, will speak at Grayson Hall next Friday. Friedman studied environmental science at three well-known universities around the world ‎ before becoming a professor in the subject. He has also traveled around the world observing environmental concerns. The gradual bleaching (变白) of the Grate Barrier Reef, which came in to the public eye in 2002,in his latest interest. Signed copies of his colorful book, which was published just last month, will be on sale after his talk.‎ ‎56.The Information Highway ‎ A. is free from traffic accidents B. is crowded with car drivers C. offers just a few on-line services[来源:学科网]‎ D. appeals to a large number of users ‎57.How does MR .Cool manage to travel the Information Highway so fast ?‎ A. By storing fewer files .‎ B. By repair the system.‎ C. By buying a better computer.‎ D. By using a broad-band connection. ‎ ‎58.What can be learned from Passenger 2 ?‎ A. There will be a book show at Crayson Hall ‎ B. Friedman is now studying the Great Barrier Reef.‎ C. There will be a talk on global warming this week.‎ D. Friedman is a leading expert on computer science.‎ ‎59.Passenger 2 is most probably ‎ A. a poster about a lecture.‎ B. an ad for a new book.‎ C. a note to a doctor in a university.‎ D. an introduction to a professor .‎ ‎60.From the text we know that windmills A. were invented by European armies.‎ B. have a history of more than 2800 years.‎ C. used to supply power to radio in remote areas.‎ D. have rarely been used since electricity was discovered.‎ ‎61.What was a new use for wind power in the late l9th century ?‎ A. Sailing a boat. ‎ B. Producing electricity.‎ C. Grinding wheat into flour.‎ D. Pumping water from underground.‎ ‎62.One of the reasons wind was rediscovered in the 1970 is that ‎ A. wind power is cleaner.‎ B. it is one of the oldest power sources.‎ C. it was cheaper to creat energy from wind .‎ D. the supply of coal and gas failed to meet needs.[来源:学|科|网]‎ ‎63.What would the author probably discuss in the paragraph that follows?‎ A. The advantage of wind power.‎ B. The design of wind power plants.‎ C. The worldwide movement to save energy.‎ D. The global trend towards producing power from wind.‎ C[来源:Zxxk.Com]‎ They are the sort of friends who are so close they trust each other with their lives. If one fails the other is there to catch him.‎ They are Wellman ,whose legs were permanently injured nine years ago in a rock-climbing accident. and Corbett, an experi enced rock climber ,Together ,they climed up Half Dome ,the famous 2,000-foot rock in the Yosemite National Park ,the medium of through the most different routes.( 路线 ) ‎ During the climb, Crorbett took the lead, hit in the metal spikes（尖状物）that guided the ropes and climbed up. Then, after Wellmanm pulled himself up the rope, Corbett went down to remove the spikers and climbed up again. This process was repeated time and again, inch by inch, for 13 days. Wellman’s job was not easy either. He got himself up the rope through upper body stength alone. In all, Wellman figured that he had done 5,000 pull-ups up the rope on the climb. ‎ However, when the two men first met, they never talked about climbing . “he knew that was how I got injured.” Wellman said. Until one day Wellman decided that he wanted to climb again and they started training.‎ Their climb of half dome was not all smooth. At one point, pieces of rock gave way, and Corbett dropped down quickly. Wellman locked their rope in place. Stopping the fail at 20 feet. His quick action probably saved his friend’s life.‎ ‎“your partner can save your life --- you can save your partner’s life,” Wellman said as the pair received congratulations from friends. ”there are real close ties.” ‎ ‎64. which of the following was a challenge for Corbett in climbing half dome?‎ A. to climb up to remove the spikes. B. to climb it twice C. to do 5,000 pull-ups up the rope. D. to lock the rope in place.‎ ‎65. why did the two men never talk about climbing when they first met?‎ A. Corbett was poorly trained.‎ B. Wellman had lost interest in climbing.‎ C. Corbett didn’t want to hurt Wellman.‎ D. Wellman hadn’t decided whether to climb again.‎ ‎66. what do we know about Wellman?‎ A. he climbed half dome by himself.‎ B. he was disabled in a traffic accident.‎ C. he stopped rock-climbing for some time.‎ D. he was saved by Corbett during the climb.‎ ‎67. the main idea of the text is that__‎ A. two beads are better than one B. friendship is precious in life C. the disabled should never give up ‎ D. a man can be destroyed but cannot be defeated D Ireland has had a very difficult history. The problems started in the 16th century when English rulers fried to conquer(征服) Ireland. For hundreds of years, the Irish peop le fought against the ‎ English. Finally, in 1921. The British government was forced to give independence to the south of Ireland. The result is that today there are two “Irelands”. Northern Ireland. In the north, is part of the united kingdom. The republic of Ireland. In the south. Is an independent country. ‎ In the 1840s the main crop, potatoes ,was affected by disease and about 750,000 people died of bunger. This, and a shortage (短缺) of work , forced many people to leave Ireland and live in the USA, the UK, Australia and Canada. As a result of these problems, the population fell from 8.2 million in 1841 to 6.6 million in 1851.‎ For many years, the majority of Irish people earned their living as farmers. Today, many people still work on the land but more and more people are moving to the cities to work in factories and offices. Life in the cities is very different from life in the countryside, where things move at a quieter and slower pace.‎ The Irish are famous for being warm-hearted and friendly, Oscar Wilde, a famous Irish writer, once said that the Irish were “the greatest talkers since the Greeks”, Since independence, Ireland has revived(复兴) its own culture of music, language, literature and singing. Different are as have different styles of old Irish song which are sung without instruments. Other kinds of Irish music use many different instruments such as the violin, whistles, etc.‎ ‎68.what does the author tell us in paragraph 1?‎ A. how the Irish fought against the English.‎ B. how Ireland gained independence.‎ C. how English rulers tried to conquer Ireland.‎ D. how two ”Irelands” came into being.‎ ‎69.we learn from the text that in Ireland_____。‎ A. food shortages in the 1840s led to a decline in population B. people are moving to the cities for lack of work in the countryside C. it is harder to make a living as a farmer than as a factory worker D. different kinds of old Irish songs are all sung with instruments ‎70. the last paragraph is mainly about____。‎ A. the Irish character ‎ B. Irish culture ‎ C. Irish musical instru ments ‎ D. a famous Irish writer ‎71. what can be the best title for the text?‎ A. life in Ireland[来源:学,科,网]‎ B. A Very diffi cult history C. Ireland, past and present D. the independence of Ireland E George Prochnik would like would like the world to put a sock in it. He makes his case in a new book, listenning for Meaning in a World of Noise, Here he explains himself (using his indoor voice):‎ ‎“We’ve become so accustomed to noise, there’s about almost a deep prejudice against the idea that silence might be beneficial. If you tell someone to be quiet, you sound like an old man. But ‎ it’s never been more important to find continuing quiet. Silence focuses us, improves our health, and is a key to lasting peace and satisfaction.”‎ ‎“We need to excite people about the sounds you start to hear if you merely quiet things down a little . During a Japanese tea ceremony, the smallest sounds becomes a kind of art—the spoons making a light ringing sound on a bowl, the edges of a kimono （和服）brushing against the floor.”‎ ‎“Dear people are very attetice（专注的）in almose every aspect of life. If two deaf people are waling together, using sign language,they constantly watch out for each other and protecet each other by paying steady attention to the other. They are connected yet also fully aware of their surroundings. Even deaf teenagers! We in the hearing world can learn from them. If we remove the powerful blasts（一阵阵）of noise, we bome aware of an extrodinarily rich world around us—of little soft and the sound of footsteps, of bird songs and ice craking（开裂声）. It’s astonishing how beautiful things sound when you can really listen. ”‎ ‎72. What does the phrase “to put a sock in it” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?‎ A. to be quiet B. to be colorful ‎ C. to be full of love D. to be attentive to someone ‎73. What does Proehnik say about us?‎ A. We are used to quietnesss B. We have to put up with noise C. We do not think silence to be beneficial D. We do not believe lasting peace to be available ‎74. Which of the following is true according to Proehnik?‎ A. We need more sounds in our lives B. There is nothing to be learned from the deaf C. We are not aware how rich the world around us is D. There is too much noise at a Japanese tea ceremony ‎75. It can be inferered from the text that¬ .‎ A. we can benefit a lot from old people B. it is a good idea to use sign language C. there is no escape from the world of sound ‎ D. it is possible to find how beautiful things sound ‎2011年 (浙江卷) ‎ 第二部分：阅读理解（第一节20小题，第二节5小题；每小题2分，满分50分）‎ 第一节：阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。‎ ‎ A One evening in February 2007 . a student named Paula Ceely brought her car to a stop on a remote in Wales . She got out to open a metal gate that blocked her path . That's when she heard the whistle sounded by the driver of a train.Her Renault Clio parked across a railway line. Second later,she watched the train drag her car almost a kilometre down the railway tracks.‎ ‎ Ceely's near miss made the news because she blamed it on her GPS device(导航仪).She had ‎ never driven the route before .It was dark and raining heavily . Ceely was relying on her GPS. But it made no mention of the crossing ."I put my complete trust in the device and it led me right into the path of a speeding train ,"she told the BBC.‎ ‎ W ho is to blame here ? Rick Stevenson ,who tells Ceely's story in his book When Machines Fail US, finger at the limitations of technology. We put our faith in digital devices, he says,‎ ‎ but our digital helpers are too often not up to the job. They are filled with small problems. And it’s not just GPS devices: Stevenson takes us on a tour of digital disasters involving everything from mobile phones to wireless key boards.‎ ‎ The problem with his argument in the book is that it’s not clear why he only focuses digital technology,while there may be a number of other possible causes. A map-maker might have left the crossing off a paper map. Maybe we should blame Ceely for not paying attention. perhaps the railway authorities are at fault for poor signaling system. Or maybe someone has studied the relative dangers and worked out that there really is something specific wrong with the CPS equipment. But Stevenson doesn’t say. ‎ It’s a problem that runs through the book. In a section on cars, Stevenson gives an accout of the advanced techniques that criminals use to defeat computer-based locking systems for cars. He offers two independent sets of figures on car theft; both show a small rise in some parts of the country. He says that once once again not all new locks have proved reliable. Perhaps, but maybe it’s also due to the shortage of policemen on the streets. Or changing social circumstances. Or some combination of these factors .‎ The game between humans and their smart devices is complex. It is shaped by economics and psychology and the cultures we live in. Somewhere in the mix of those forces there may be way a wiser use of technology. ‎ If there is such a way, it should involve more than just an awareness of the shortcomings of our machines. After all, we have lived with them for thousands of years. They have probably been fooling us for just as long . ‎ ‎ 41 .What did Paula Ceely think was the cause of her accident? ‎ ‎ A. She was not familiar with the road. ‎ ‎ B. It was dark and raining heavily then. ‎ C. The railway works failed to give the signal.‎ D. Her GPS device didn’t tell her about the crossing ‎ 42.The phrase” near miss” (paragraph 2 ) can best be replaced by _______. ‎ A. close bit B. heavy loss C.narrow escape D. big mistake ‎ ‎ 43.Which of the following would Rick Stevenson most probably agree with? ‎ A. Modern technology is what we can’t live without. ‎ B. Digital technology often falls short of out expectation. ‎ C. Digital devices are more reliable than they used to be. ‎ D. GPS error is not the only cause for Celery’s accident. ‎ ‎44.In the writer’s opinion, Stevenson’s argument is________.‎ A. one-sided B. reasonable C.puzzling D.well-based ‎45.What is the real concern of the writer of this article?‎ A.The major causes of traffic accidents and car thefts.‎ B.The relationship between humans and technology C. The shortcomings of digital devices we use. ‎ D. The human unawareness of technical problems.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎48. What will the government most probably provide if it is engaged in a pump-priming program?‎ A.Sums of money B. Raw materials C.Human resources. D. Media Support.‎ ‎49. When Sylvia says “His speech was OK but it had no real punch”,she thinks it was not___ .‎ A. fluent and impressive B. logical and moving C. informative and significant D. interesting and powerful ‎ ‎ C ‎ In the more and more competitive scrvice industry , it is no longer enough to promise customrr satisfaction. Today , customer “delighi” is what companies are trying to achieve in or order to keep and increase market share.‎ It is accepted in the marketing industry , and confirmed by a number of researches, that customers receiving good service will promote business by telling up to 12 other people : those treated badly will tell their tales of woe to up to 20 people, 80 percent of people who feel their complaints are handled fairly will stay loyal ‎ New llenges for customer care have come when peoplecan obtain goods and services through telephone call centers and the Intemet. For example , many companies now have to invest(投资)a lot of money in information technology and staff training in order to cope with the “phone rage”—caused by delays in answering calls ,being cut off in mid-conversation or left waiting for long periods.‎ ‎“Many people do not like talking to machines ,”says Dr . Storey Senior Lecturer in Marketng at City University Business School. “Banks, for example, encourage staff at call centers to use customer data to establish instant and good relationship with them .The aim is to make the customet feel they know you and that you can trest— the sort of comfortable feelings people have during face-to-face chats with their local branch manager.”‎ ‎ Recommended ways of creating customer delight include: under-promising and over-delivering (saying that a repair will be camed out within five hours ,but getting it done within two );replacing a faulty product immediately : throwing in a gift voucher(购物礼卷)as an unexpected “thank you” to regntlar customers ;and always returning calls ,even when they are complaints.‎ ‎ Aiming for customer delight is all very well , but if services do not reach the high level promised , disappointment or worse will be the result . This can be eased by offering an aplogy and an explanation of why the service did not meet usual standards with empathy (for example,“I know how you must feel”) , and possible solutions (replacement , compensation or whatever faimess suggests best meets the case).‎ ‎ Airlines face some of the tourhest challenges over customer care . Fierce competition has convinced them that delighting passengers is an important marketing tool, while there is great potential for customer anger over delays caused by weather ,unclaimed luggage and technieal ‎ problems .‎ ‎ For British Airways staff , a winning telephone style is considercd vital in handling the large volume of calls about bookings and flight times . They are trained to answer quickly ,with their name , job title and a “we are here to help” attitude. The company has investod heavily in information technology to make sure that infomation is available instantly on scren. ‎ ‎ British Airways also says its customer care policies are applied within the company and staff are ‎ taught to regard each other as customers requiring the highest standards of service.‎ ‎ Customer care is obviously here to stay and it would be a foolish company that used slogans such as "we do as we please”. On the other hand , the more customers are promised, the greater the risk of disappointment.‎ ‎50. We can learn from Paragraph 2 that .‎ A. complaining customers are hard to satisfy B. unsatisfied customers receive better service C. Satisfied customers catch more attention ‎ D. well-treated customers promote business ‎51. The writer mentions “phone rage”(Paragraph 3) to show that .‎ A. customers often use phones to express their anger B. people still prefer to buy goods online C. customer care becomes more attention D. customers rely on their phones to obtain services ‎ ‎52. What does the writer recommend to create delight?‎ A. Calling customers regularly B. Giving a “thank you” note.‎ C. Delivering a quicker service D. Promising more gifts.‎ ‎53. If a manager should show his empathy (Paragraph6), what would he probably say?‎ A.“I know how upset you must be.” B.“I appreciate your understanding.”‎ C. “I’m sorry for the delay.” D.“I know it’s our fault.”‎ ‎54. Customer delight is important for airlines because .‎ A. their telephone style remains anchanged ‎ B. they are more likely to meet with complaints C. the services cost them a lot of money D. the policies can be applied to their staff ‎ ‎55. Which of the following is conveyed in this article?‎ A. Face-to-face service creatcs comfortable feelings among customers.‎ B. Companies that promise more will naturally attract more customers.‎ C. A company should promise less but do more in a competitive market.‎ D. Customer delight is more important for airlines than for banks.‎ D ‎ It was Saturday . As always, it was a busy one, for “Six days shall you labor and do all your work” was taken seriously back then. Outside,Father and Mr. Patrick next door were busy chopping firewood. Inside their own houses, Mother and Mrs. Patrick were engaged in spring cleaning.‎ ‎ Somehow the boys had slipped away to the back lot with their kites. Now, even at the risk ‎ of having Brother caught to beat carpets , they had sent him to the kitchen for string(线). It seemed there was no limit to the heights to which kites would fly today.‎ ‎ My mother looked at the sitting room ,its furniture disorderd for a thorough sweeping, Agun she cast a look toward the window. “Come on, girls ! Let’s take string to the boys and watch them ‎ ‎ On the way we met Mrs. Patrick, laughing guiltily as if she were doing something ‎ wrong, together with her girls.‎ ‎ There never was such a day for flying kited! We played all our fresh string into the boys’ kites and they went up higher and higher .We could hardly distinguish the orange-colored spots of the kites. Now and then we slowly pulled one kite back, watching it dancing up and down it the wind, and finally bringing it down to earth , just for the joy of sending it up again.‎ ‎ Even our fathers dropped their tools and joined us. Our mothers took their turn, laughing like schoolgirls. I think we were all beside ourselves. Parents forgot their duty and their dignity; children forgot their everyday fights and little jealousies. “Perhaps it’s like this in the kingdom of heaven,” I thought confusedly.‎ ‎ It was growing dark before we all walked sleepily back to house. I suppose we had some sort of supper. I suppose there must have been a surface tidying-up, for the house on Sunday looked clean and orderly enough. The strange thing was , we didn't mention that day afterward. I flt a little embarrassed .Surely none of the others had been as excited as I. I locked the memory up in that deepest part of me where we keep“the things that cannot be and yet they are.”‎ ‎ The years went on, then one day I was hurrying about my kitchen in a city apartment, trying to get some work out of the way while my three-year-old insistently cried her desire to “go park ,see duck.”‎ ‎ “I can’t go!” I said. “I have this and this to do, and when I’m through I’ll be too tired to walk that for.”‎ ‎ My mother , who was visiting us , looked up from the peas she was shelling ,“It’s a wonderful day,”she offered，“Really warm , yet there’s a fine breczc . Do you remember that day we flew kites?”‎ ‎ I stopped in my dash between stove and sink . The looked door flew open and with it a rush of memories. “Come on.”I told my little girl. “You’re right , it’s too good a day to miss.”‎ ‎ Another decade passed. We were in the aftermath (余波)of a great war. All evening we had been asking our returned soldier, the youngest Patrick Boy, about his experiences as a prisoner of war. He had talked freely , but now for a long time he had been silent . What was he thinking of – what dark and horrible things?‎ ‎ “Say!” A smile slipped out from his lips . “Do you remember --- no, of course you wouldn’t . It probably didn’t make the impression on you as it did on me.”‎ ‎ I hardly dared speak.“Remember what ?”‎ ‎ “I used to think of that day a lot in POW camp(战俘营), when things weren’t too good. Do you remember the day we flew the kites?”‎ Mrs. Patrick was laughing guilnly because she thought .‎ A. she was too old to fly kites ‎ B. her husband would make fun of her C. she should have been doing her housework then D. her girls weren’t supposed to play the boy’s game ‎57. By“we were all beside ourselves”, the writer means that they all .‎ ‎ A. felt confused B. went wild with joy ‎ C. looked on D. forgot their fights ‎ ‎58. What did the writer think after the kite-flying?‎ A. The boys must have had more fun than the girls.‎ B. They should have finished their work before playing.‎ C. Her parents should spend more time with them.‎ D. All the others must have forgotten that day.‎ ‎59. Why did the writer finally agree to take her little girl for an outing?‎ A. She suddenly remembered her duty as a mother.‎ B. She was reminded of the day they flew kites.‎ C. She had finished her work in the kitchen.‎ D. She thought it was a great day to play outside.‎ ‎60.The youngest Patrick Boy is mentioned to show that _____ .‎ ‎ A. the writer was not alone in treasuring her fond memories ‎ B. his experience in POW camp threw a shadow over his life ‎ C. childhood friendship means so much to the writer ‎ D. people like him really changed a lot after the war 第二部分（50分，每小题2分）‎ ‎41-45 DCBAB 46-50 BCADD 51-55 CCABC 56-60 CBDBA ‎61-65 FCDBA ‎2011年(湖南卷) ‎ Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (30marks)‎ Directions: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements .For each of them there are four choices marked A, B,C, and D .Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage. ‎ A When first entered, Vanak Restaurant does not look like much of a restaurant, but once the pleasant smells of kabob （烤肉串）hit the senses, you are incapable of calling it anything less.‎ Owned by a local couple, this Persian restaurant has an inviting, homelike atmosphere that many restaurants lack.‎ The space is small with only a few dining tables and nearly no decoration, but the environment is truly chaiming.‎ Lying in a hardly noticeable street corner, the restaurant still attracts all customer especially those experi enced in the delights of Middle Easrern cooking.‎ A common sight is that of old Persian men sitting in the corner talking loudly about world topics, wathcing news events on TV, drinking a black tea known as Persian chai, an reading local Persian nespapers all the while trying to finish off their plates piled wit food.‎ The variety of food at the restaurant is limited, but the amount of each dish is fairly large. Most of ‎ the meals can serve two people and are under $10, so not only is it affordably but practical as well.‎ The food, especially appeals to health-conscious eaters because each dish is very healthy, made with limited fat and o il and served straight off the grill（烤肉架）.‎ The main dish that the restaurant is popular for is its kabobs, which are different style of grilled meat.‎ One delicious and extemely healthy dish is the Jooieh Kabob, which is made of grille chichen picccs served with either rice or bread. Another great kabob is the Chelo Kabob, kabob consinting of grilled beef.‎ Although the restaurant is samall, the atmosphere and the food is delicious. It is a plan that should not be overlooked.‎ ‎56.When first entering the restaurant ,one can find that it ‎ A. is splendidly decorated.‎ B. has pleasant smells of kabobs.‎ C. is crowded with dining table.‎ D. looks like a common restaurant.‎ ‎57.What activity is also mentioned apart from dining in the restaurant?‎ A. Watching news events on TV.‎ B. Drinking a kind of black coffee.‎ C. Reading local English newspaper.‎ D. Discussing world topics in l oe voices.‎ ‎58.The food of the restaurant ‎ A. is served in small amounts.‎ B. is rather expensive.‎ C. is rich in varity.‎ D. is very heslthy ‎59.What is the dish Joojeh Kabob mainly made of ？‎ A. Rice B. Chicken C. Bread D. Beef ‎60. It can be inferred from the passage that restaurant 。‎ A. occupies B. owns a favorable location C. is popular for its special food D. has a quiet environment inside B My father was chief engineer of a merchant ship ，which was sunk in world war ？？？the book night of the U-boats told the story。‎ Memories In September ，1940，my mother ,sister and I went to Swansea ,where my father ‘s ship was getting ready to sail ,we brought him a family photography to be kept with him at all times and keep him safe .‎ Then I remember my mother lying face down ,sobbing .she had heard from a friend that the ship had been sunk by a torpedo (鱼雷).‎ I can remember the arrived of the telegram（电板），which in those days always brought bad news .my grandmother opened it ,it read ,safe .love ted.”‎ My most vivid memory is being woken and brought down to sit on my father’s knee, his arm in a bandage .‎ He was judged unfit to return to sea and took a shore job in Glasgow for the rest of the war, for as long as I can remember ,he had a weak heart ,mother said it was caused by the torpedoes .he said it was because of t he cigarette ,whichever ,he died suddenly in his early 50s.‎ Ten years later I read night of the U-boat and able to complete the story . ‎ A toast ‎ In my room is the book and the photograph .often , glass in hand, I have wondered how I would have dealt with an explosion ,a sinking ship ,a jump into a vast ocean and a wait for rescue ?lest (以免 )we forget ,I have some more whisky and toast the heroes of the war.‎ ‎61.we can infer that the mother and children went to Swansea ______.‎ A. to meet a friend ‎ B. to see the father ‎ C. to take a family D. to enjoy the sailing of the ship ‎ ‎62.what did the author learn about the father from the telegram ?‎ A. he was still alive ‎ B. his knee was broken ‎ C. his ship had been sunk ‎ D. he had arrived in Glasgow ‎ ‎63.the underlined word “it ” in paragraph 6 refers to the father ‘s _____ .‎ A. weak heart ‎ B. taking a shore job ‎ C. failure to return ‎ D. injury caused by a torpedo ‎ ‎64.what can we know about the author ‘s father after his ship was attacked ?‎ A. he lost his arm B. he repaired the engines ‎ C. he managed to take a lifeboat ‎ D. he was the last to leave the ship ‎ ‎65. what is the passage mainly about ?‎ A. a group of forgotten heroes ‎ B. a book describing a terrifying battle ‎ C. a ship engineer’s wartime experience ‎ D. a merchant’s memories of a sea res cue ‎ C A recent study of ancient and modern elephant has come up with the unexpected conclusion that the African elephant is divided into two distinct (不同的 )species ‎ The discovery was made by researchers at York and Harvard University when they were examing the genetic relationship between the ancient woolly mammoth and mastodon modern elephants—the Asian elepphant, African forest elephant, and African savanna elephant.‎ Once they obastain DNA sequences（序列）from two fossils（化石）,mammoths and mastodons, the team comparted them with DNA from modern elephants. They found their ‎ amazement that mordern forest and savanna elephants are as distinct from each other as Asian elephants and mammoths.‎ The scientists used detailed genetic analysis to prove that the African savanna elephant and the African forest elephant have been distinct species for several million years. The divergence of the two species took place around the time of the divergence of Asian elephants and woolly mamm oths. This result amazed all the scientists.‎ There has long been debate in the scientific community that the two might be separate species, but this is the most convincing scientific evidence so far that they are indeed different species.‎ Previously, many naturalists believed that African savanna elephants and African forest elephants were two populationgs of the same species, despite the elephants’ significant size differences. The savanna elephant has an average shoulder height of 3.5 metres while the forest elephant has an averate shoulder double the weight of the forest elephant. But the fact that they look so differrent does not neccssarily mean they are different species. However the prooflay in the analysisi of the DNA.‎ Alfried Roca, assita nt professor in the Department of Animal Sciences at t he University of Illinois, said, “We now have to treat the forest and savanna elephants as two difficult units for conservation purpose. Since 1950, all Afican elephants have been conserved as one species. Now that we know the forest and savanna elephants have been distinct animals, the forest elephant should become a bigger priority（优先）for conservation purposes.”‎ ‎66.One of the fossiles studied by the researchers is that of .‎ A. the Asian elephant B. the forest elephant C. the savanna elephant D. the maslodon elephant ‎67. The underlined word “divergence” in Paragraph 4 means “ .”‎ A. evolution ‎ B. exhibition C. separation D. examination ‎68. The researchers’ conclusion was based on a study of the African elephant’s .‎ A. DNA B. height C. weight D. population ‎69. What are Alfred Roca’s words mainly about?[来源:学#科#网]‎ A. The conservation of Afican elephant B. The purpose of studying Afican elephant C. The way to divide Afican elephants into two units D. The renson for the distinction of African elephants ‎70.Which of the following can be the best tille for the passage?‎ A. Naturalist’ Beliefs about Elephants B. Amazing Experiments about Elephants C. An Unexpected Finding ahout Elephants D. A Long Scientifif Debate about Elephants ‎56-60 BADBC 61-65 BAADC 66-70 DCAAC ‎2011年(辽宁卷) ‎ 第三部分阅读理解(共两节，满分柏分) ‎ 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分) ‎ ‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．‎ ‎ 56. Susan got her first driver's license ‎ A. before she got married to Henry ‎ B. when she was twenty years old ‎ C. after she finished high school ‎ D. when she just moved to Maryland ‎57. Susan failed to renew her license the first time in Maryland because ‎ A. she was forbidden to drive by Maryland law ‎ B. she lacked driving experience in Maryland ‎ C. she was to give birth to a baby soon ‎ D. she insisted on signing for herself ‎58. We can infer from the text that in the U.S.‎ ‎ A. American males should serve in the army ‎ B. different states my have different laws ‎ ‎ C. people have to renew their licenses in their home states ‎ D. women should adopt their husbands' family names after marriage ‎ 59, What do we know from the text about students of a cyberschool?‎ ‎ A. They have to take long bus rides to school.‎ ‎ B. They study at home rather than in classrooms.‎ ‎ C. They receive money from traditional public schools.‎ ‎ D. They do well in traditional school programs.‎ ‎60. What is a problem with cyberschoois?‎ ‎ A. Their equipment co sts a lot of money.‎ ‎ B. They get little support from the state government ‎ C. It is hard to know students' progress in learning.‎ ‎ D. The students find it hard to make friends.‎ ‎61. Cyberschools are getting popular became ‎ ‎ A. they are less expensive for students ‎ B. their students can work at their own speed ‎ C. their graduates are more successful in society ‎ D. they serve students in a wider age range ‎62. We can infer that the author of the text is .‎ ‎ A. unprejudiced in his description of cyberschools ‎ B. excited about the future of cyberschools ‎ C. doubtful about the quality of cyberschoois D. disappointed at the development of cyberschools C ‎ Many people believe Henry Ford invented the automobile (汽车). But Henry Ford did not start to build his first car until 1896. That was eleven years after two Germans developed the world's first automobile. Many people believe Henry Ford invented the production line that moved a car's parts to the worker, instead of making the worker move to the parts. That is not true, either. Many factory owners used methods of this kind before Ford. What Henry Ford did was to use other people's ideas and make them better. And he made the whole factory a moving production line. ‎ ‎ In the early days of the automobile, almost every ear maker raced his cars. It was the best way of gaining public notice. Henry Ford decided to build a racing car. Ford's most famous race was his first one. It was also the last race in which he drove the car himself.‎ ‎ The race was in 1901, at a field near Detroit. All of the most famous cars had entered, but only two were left: the Winton and Ford's. The Winton was famous for its speed. Most people thought the race was over before it began. ‎ ‎ The Winton took an early lead. But halfway through the race, it began to lose power. Ford started to gain. And near the end of the race, he took the lead. Ford won the race and defeated the Winton. His name appeared in newspapers and he became well-known all over the United States. Within weeks of the race, Henry Ford formed a new automobile company. In the 1903, a doctor in Detroit bought the first car from the company. That sale was the beginning of Henry Ford's dream. Ford said: "I will build a motor car for the great mass of people. It will be large enough for the family, but small enough for one person to operate and care for. It will be built of the best materials. It will be built by the best men to be employed. And it will be built with the simplest plans that modem engineering can produce. It will be so low in price that no man making good money will be unable to own one." ‎ ‎ The Model T was a car of that kind. It only cost $850. It was a simple machine that drivers could depend on. Doctors bought the Model T. So did farmers. Even criminals，They considered it the fastest and surest form of transportation. Americans loved the Model T. They wrote stories and songs about it. Thousands of Model T's were built in the first few years.‎ ‎ 63. What do we know about Henry Ford from Paragraph 1?‎ ‎ A. He made good use of ideas from othe rs. ‎ ‎ B. He produced the first car in the world. ‎ ‎ C. He knew how to improve auto parts.‎ ‎ D. He invented the production line.‎ ‎ 64. Why did Henry Ford take part in the 1901 car race? ‎ ‎ A. To show off his driving skills. ‎ ‎ B. To draw public attention.‎ ‎ C. To learn about new technology. ‎ ‎ D. To raise money for his new company. ‎ ‎65. “That sale” in Paragraph 4 refers to .‎ A. the selling of Ford cars at reduced prices ‎ B. the sale of Model T to the mass of people ‎ C. the selling of a car to a Detroit doctor D. the sales target for the Ford Company ‎66. What was Henry Ford's dream according to the text? ‎ A. Producing cars fo r average customers.‎ B. Building racing cars of simple design. ‎ C. Designing more car models.‎ D. Starting more companies.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎67. The word “address” in the first line probably means .‎ A. talk about B. deal with C. fight for D. write to ‎68. How many people are homeless in the U.S. according to the Coalition studies?‎ A. 39% of the population. B. 200 million people.‎ C. About 3 million people. D. About one-fifth of the population.‎ ‎69. Homeless people often have difficulty f'mding a job because A. they have no home addresses B. they most ly have a dri nking problem C. they aren't supported by government programs D. they often don't have enough work experience ‎70. What is the main cause of the rising number of the homeless in the U.S.?‎ A. The passing of new housing laws.‎ B. The fast growth of family size. ‎ C. The slow construction of houses.‎ D. The ever-rising price of housing.‎ ‎56-60 ADBBC 61-65 BAABC 66-70 ABCAD ‎ ‎2011年(山东卷) ‎ 第三部分 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）‎ ‎ 阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。[来源:学,科,网Z,X,X,K]‎ ‎ A ‎ Arthur Miller(1915-2005)is universally recognized as one of the greatest dramatists of the 20th century. Miller`s father had moved to the USA from Austria Hungary．D rawn like so many other by the“Great American Dream”Howe ver, he experienced severe financial hardship when his family business was ruined in the Great Depression of the earlv l930s.‎ ‎ Milles's most famous play, Death of a SaIesman, is a powerful attack on the American system.with its aggressive way of doing business and its insistence on money and social status as indicators of worth. In Willy Loman, the hero of the play, we see a man who has got into double with his worth. Willy is “burnt out” and in the cruel world of business there is no room for sentiment : if he can't do the work, then he is no good to his employer, the Wagner Company, and he must go. Willy is painfully aware of this, and at loss as to what t o do with his lack of sucess. He refuses to face the fact that he has failed and kills himself in the end.‎ ‎ When it was first staged in 1949 ,the play was greeted with enthusiastic revews,and it won the Tony Award for Best Play,the New York Drama Critics` Circle Award,and the Pulitzer Prize for Drama.It was the first play to win all three of these major awards.‎ ‎ Millerl died of hear failure at his home in Roxbury,Connecticut,on the even ing of February 10,2005,the 56th anniversary of the first performance of Death of a Salesman on Broadway.[来源:学#科#网]‎ The quality of the books was of great concern to the Richters. Rather than sign up online, they went to Dollywood for a look-see. “We didn’t want to give the children rubbish,” says Linda. The ‎ books-reviewed each year by teachers, literacy specialists and Dollywood board members-included classics such as Ezra Jack Keats’s The Snowy Day and newer books like Anna Dewdney’s Llama Llama series.‎ ‎ Satisfied, the couple set up the Richter Family Foundation and got to work. Since 2004, they have shipped more than 12,200 books to preschoolers in their in their area. Megan Williams, a mother of four, is more than appreciative: “This program introduces us to books I’ve never heard of .”‎ ‎ The Richters spend about ＄400 a month sending books to 200 children. “Some people sit there and wait to die,” says Tim. “Others get as busy as they can in the time they have left.”‎ ‎56. Why did Arthur Miller' s father move to the USA?‎ ‎ A. He suffered from severe hunger in his home country.‎ ‎ B. He was attracted by the "Great American Dream.‎ ‎ C. He hoped to make his son a dramatist. ‎ D. His family business failed.‎ ‎ 57. The play Death of a Salesman ‎ A. exposes the cruelty of the American business world ‎ B. discusses the ways to get promoted in a company ‎ C. talks about the business career of Arthur Miller [来源:Zxxk.Com]‎ D. focuses on the skills in doing business ‎58. What can we learn about Willy Loman?‎ ‎ A. He treats his employer badly. ‎ B. He runs the Wagner Company. ‎ C. He is a victim of the American system.‎ ‎ D. He is regarded as a hero by his colleagues.‎ ‎59. After it was flist staged, Death of a Salesman ‎ A. achieved huge success ‎ B.won the first Tony Award ‎ C. was warmly welcomed by salesmen ‎ D. was severely attacked by dramatists ‎60. What is the text mainly about?‎ ‎ A. Arthur Miller and his family. ‎ B. The awards Arthur Miller won.‎ ‎ C. The hardship Arthur Miller experienced. ‎ D. Arthur Miller and his best-known play.‎ ‎ B ‎ Tim Richter and his wife, Linda, had taught for over 30 years near Buffalo, New York--he in computers, she in special education. "Teaching means everything to us," Tim would say. In April1998, he learned he would need a heart operation. It was the kind of news that leads to some serious thinking about life's purpose.‎ ‎ Not long after the surgery, Tim saw a brochure describing Imagination Library, a program started by Dolly Parton' s foundation (基金会) that mailed a book every month to children from birth to age five in the singer's home town of Sevier, Tennessee.“I thought, maybe Linda and I could do something like this when we retire," Tim recalls. He placed the brochure on his desk, "as a reminder."‎ ‎ Five years later, now retired and with that brochure still on the desk, Tim clicked on imagination library .com. The program had been opened up to partners who could take advantage of book and postage discounts.‎ ‎61. What led Tim to think seriously about the meaning of life?‎ A. His health problem. B. His love for teaching. ‎ C. The influence of his wife. D. The news from the Web.‎ ‎62.What did Tim want to do after learning about Imagination Library?‎ A.Give out brochures. B .Do something similar.‎ C. Write books for children D. Retire from being a teacher.‎ ‎63.According to the text, Dollly Parton is .‎ A. a well-known surgeon B. a mother of a four-year-old C. a singer born in Tennessee D .a computer programmer ‎64.Why did the Richters go to Dollywood?‎ A. To avoid signing up online.‎ B. To meet Dollywood board members.‎ C. To make sure the books were the newest.‎ D. To see if the books were of good quality.‎ ‎65.What can we learn from Tim’s words in the last paragraph?‎ A. He needs more money to help the children.‎ B. He wonders why some people are so busy.‎ C. He tries to save those waiting to die.‎ D. Hconsiders his efforts worthwhile.‎ C ‎ Diana Jacobs thought her family had a workable plan to pay for college for her 21-year-old twin sons: a combination of savings, income, scholarships, and a modest amount of borrowing. Then her husband lost his job, and the plan fell apart.‎ ‎ “I have two kids in college, and I want to say ‘come home,’ but at the same time I want to provide them with a good education,” says Jacobs.‎ The Jacobs family did work out a solution: They asked and received more aid form the schools, and each son increased his borrowing to the maximum amount through the federal loan (贷款) program. They will each graduate with $20,000 of debt, but at least they will be able to finish school.‎ ‎ With unemployment rising, financial aid administrators expect to hear more families like the Jacobs. More students are applying for aid, and more families expect to need student loans. College administrators are concerned that they will not have enough aid money to go around.‎ ‎ At the same time, tuition（学费）continues to rise. A report from the National Center for Public Policy and Higher Education found that college tuition and fees increa sed 439% from 1982 to 2007, while average family income rose just 147%. Student borrowing has more than doubled in the last decade,‎ ‎ “If we go on this way for another 25years, we won’t have an affordable system of higher education,” says Patrick M. Callan, president of the center. “The middle class families have been financing it through debt. They will send kids to college whatever it takes, even if that means a huge amount of debt.”‎ ‎ Financial aid administrators have been having a hard time as many companies decide that ‎ student loans are not profitable enough and have stopped making them. The good news, however, is that federal loans account for about three quarters of student borrowing, and the government says that money will flow uninterrupted.‎ ‎67. According to Paragraph 1, why did the plan of Jacobs family fail?‎ A. The twins wasted too much money.‎ B. The father was out of work.‎ C. Their saving ran out.‎ D. The family fell apart.‎ ‎67. How did the Jacobs manage to solve their problem?‎ ‎ A. They asked their kids to come home.‎ ‎ B. They borrowed $20,000 from the school.‎ ‎ C. They encouraged their twin sons to do part-time jobs.‎ ‎ D. They got help from the school and the federal government.‎ ‎68. Financial aid administrators believe that _______.‎ ‎ A. more families will face the same problem as the Jacobses ‎ B. the government will receive more letters of complaint ‎ C. college tuition fees will double soon ‎ D. America’s unemployment will fall ‎ ‎69.What can we learn about the middle class families from the text? ‎ A. They blamed the government for the tuition increase.‎ B. Their income remained steady in the last decade. ‎ C. They will try their best to send kids to college.‎ D. Their debts will be paid off within 25 years.‎ ‎70.According to the last paragraph, the government will . ‎ A. provide most students will scholarships B. dismiss some financial aid administrators C. stop the companies from making student loans D. go on providing financial support for college students D Since the 1970s, scientists have been searching for ways to link the brain with computers. Brain-computer interface(BCI) technology could help people with disabilities send commands to machines.‎ Recently, two researchers, Jose Millan and Michele Tavella from the Federal Polytechnic school in Lausanne, Switzerland, demonstrated（展示）a small robotic wheelchair directed by a person’s thoughts.‎ In the laboratory, Tavella operated the wheelchair just by thinking about moving his left or right band. He could even talk as he watched the vehicle and guided it with his thoughts.‎ ‎“our brain has billions of nerve ceils. These send signals through the spinal cord （脊髓）to the muscles to give us the ability to move. But spinal cord injuries or other conditions can prevent these weak electrical signals from reaching the muscles,” Tavella says. “Our system allows disabled people to communicate with external world and also to control devices.”[来源:学科网ZXXK]‎ The researchers designed a special cap for the user. This head cover picks up the signals from the scalp(头皮) and sends them to a computer. The computer interprets the signals and commands the ‎ motorized wheelchair. The wheelchair also has two cameras that identify objects in its path. They help the computer react to commands from the brain. ‎ Prof. Millan, the team leader, says scientists keep improving the computer software that interprets brain signals and turns them into simple commands. “The practical possibilities that BCI technology offers to disabled people can be grouped in two categories: communication, and controlling devices. One example is this wheelchair.”‎ He says his team has set two goals. One is testing with real patients, so as to prove that this is a technology they can benefit frotn. And the other is to guarantee that they can use the technology over long periods of time.‎ A. help to update computer systems B. link the human brain with computers C. help the disabled to recover D. control a person's thoughts ‎ ‎72. How" did Tavella operate the wheelchair in the laboratory? ‎ ‎ A. By controlling his muscles. B. By talking to the machine. ‎ ‎ C. By moving his hand. D. By using his mind.‎ ‎73. Which of the following shows the path of the signals described in Paragraph 5?‎ ‎ A. scalp→computer→cap→wheelchair ‎ B. computer→cap→scalp→wheelchair ‎ C. scalp→cap→computer→wheelchair ‎ D. cap→computer→scalp→wheelchair ‎74. The team will test with real patients to ‎ ‎ A. make profits from them B. prove the technology useful to them ‎ C. make them live longer D. learn about their physical condition ‎75. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?‎ ‎ A. Switzerland, the BCI Research Center ‎ B. New Findings About How the Human B rain Works ‎ C. BCI Could Mean More Freedom for the Disabled ‎ D. Robotic Vehicles Could Help to Cure Brain Injuries ‎2011年(湖北卷) ‎ 第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从没篇短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A Honesty, my mum always used to tell me, is the best policy. Of course, this didin’t include her when she told me that if I didn’t eat all my vegetables Father Christmas would find out and wouldn’t give me any presents.‎ But when it comes to medicine, I had assumed it was important to always be honest with my patients. After all, the doctor patient relationship is based on trust, and therefore honesty is essential, Or so I thought.‎ I had just started working in geriatrics(老年病科). Mr. McMahon was brought in when his baby was faound very swollen. I took a medical history from his daughter would accompanied him in the ambulance. She’d been his main carer for years. I stood looking at him as she gave a detailed history. “Has he lost any weight recently?” I asked, “Well, it’s funny you should mention that, but yes.” She said slowly. There was silence for a few moments. “Why? What are you worried about?” she asked, I hesitated. She was obviously very involved in his care and it was only fair ‎ that I told her the truth. “Well, we need to prove it’s not cancer.” I said and talked briefly about some of the tests I was going to order.‎ Half an hour later, a nurse called me: “Mr. McMahon’s daughter broke down－she said you told her he had cancer.” My heart sank. By the time I arrived at the ward, my consultant was already there, explaining that we still had to run lots of tests and that it was by no means confirmed that he had cancer. I stood silently at the end of the bed. My consultant was obviously angry with me and as we left Mr. McMahon, she turned to me. “Why on carch did you do that?” she asked to disbelief. I looked at her andbit my hp. “She asked me what I was worried about and I told her.” I said, hanging my head. “And give her more to worry about?” replied my consultant. “You don’t say the word ‘cancer’ until it’s confirmed. Even if you suspect it, think very carefully before you tell people.”‎ As it turned out, it wasn’t cancer. But I did learn that when somecone is stressed and worried about their loved one they’re sometimes selective in what they hear－and as a doctor it’s important to be mindful of this. In being truthful, I’d made the situation worse.‎ ‎51.The purpose of the first two paragraphs is to show that the author .‎ A. misunderstood the doctor-patient relationship B. was anxious to receive Christmas gifts C. regarded honesty as the best policy D. had an unhealthy eating habit ‎52.The author’s consultant was angry with him because .‎ A. he told the daughter what he suspected.‎ B. he delayed running the necessary tests.‎ C. he failed to confirm the parent’s disease.‎ D. he forgot what the consultant had advised.‎ ‎53．The author hung his head (the underlined part in Para.4) because he was feeling ‎ ‎. A. guilty B. hurt C. disappointed D. helpless ‎54.What lesson has the author learnt from his experience?‎ A. Learning form parents is necessary.‎ B. Jumping to a conclusion is dangerous.‎ C. Telling the truth may not always be the best solution.‎ D. Selecting pleasant words may not be the perfect policy.‎ B ‎ Howling is a behavior commonly observed among a wolf nark. An animals, wolves work together to hunt and rely on howling was an important means of communication each other. There are different explants of a wolf’s howl and it appears that there may be more to discover. One theory is that wolves howl to bend better together. It’s almost as if howling together helps the pack stay together. Perhaps something similar to people feeling a sense of involvement with each other when singing a song together . But this theory may be wrong, explains Fred H. Harington, a professor who studies wolf behavior. Indeed, there have been tines when wolves have been seen one moment howling in a exhorts, and the next, quarreling anions each other. It appears that usually the lowest-tanking menthes of the pack may actually be “punished” for.‎ Joining in the churs at times. So is howling a way to strcagthen a social boad or just a way to reconfirm status among its members? ——Why do welves howl for sure?‎ What is cleat, however, is that howling is often used among packmates to locate each other. Hunting grounds are distant and it happens that woloves may separate from one another at times.‎ ‎ When this happens, howling appcars to be an ercellent means of gathering.‎ ‎ Howling, interestingly, is a contagious behaviour. When one wolf starts to howl, very likely others will follow. This is often seen to occat in the morning, as if wolves were doing some sotr of “roll rall”where wolves all howl togeter to howl, very likely others will follow. This is often seen to occar in the morning, as if wolves were doing w some sotr of “roll call”where wolves all howl together to repotr their pteence.‎ ‎55.What the por similarity between wolves’ how humaes ting in chorus?‎ A.The act of calling each other.‎ B.the sense of accomplishment.‎ C.The act of hunting for something.‎ D.The sense of belonging to a group.‎ ‎56.Why does Harrington think the“secial boad”theory may be wrong?‎ A.Wolves separate from each other after howling.‎ B.Wolves tend to protect their hunting grounds.‎ C.Wolves sometimes have quarrels after howling together.‎ D.Wolves of low rank are encouraged to join in the chorus.‎ ‎57.Reseatchers are sure that wolves often howl to______.‎ A.show their ranks ‎ B.‎ C.repotr the missing ones D.express their lonelingess ‎58.“Howling… is a contagious behaviour”(in the last paragraph)means_______.‎ A.howling is a signal for hunting B.howling is a way of communication C.howling aften occurs in the morning D.howling spreads from one to another C In today’s throw away society, dealing with the city’s growing mountain of waste is an inereasing challenge for the city countil(市议会)。‎ ‎ Recently. Edinburgh is faced with the problem of dssposing of(处理)about250,000‎ Million tons of waster a year . Despite different ways to dispose of much of it in a green manner---largely through encouraging tecycling---its aging facilities such as the Powderhall landfill do not have the ability to deal with it.‎ ‎ The European Union(EU) has issued a new policy, regulating how such mountains of waster are to hr disposed of. The five councils (Edinburgh. East Lothian. West Lothian. Midlethian and Borders) face fine around $18million a year from 2013 it they don’t inerease recycling levels and rely less on landfill. With this in mind, the coumlls got together with the idea of building a lage incinerator plant (垃圾焚烧厂)to burn half of the waste produced in their districts. But the plan fell apart after the change of target levels by a new UK government waste policy which required that no more than 25% of the city’s waste should be disposed of in this way by 2025.‎ After the plan was abandoned, a private company which already transported millions of tons of the city’s wast by train to a landfill site near Dunbar, offered an alternative soution when it suggested opening a huge waste site near Portobello.‎ Since Powderhall is supposed to close in 2015, it seemed necessary for the members of the ‎ Edinburgh Council to accept the suggestion. But soon they turned it down—after 700 local objections reached them—because it would have meant hundreds of lorries a day making loud noise through heavily populated areas.‎ That still leaves eth council with a problem. By 2013,only50%of 1995 levels of waste will benllewed to be sent to landfill. Even if recveling large are met, there will still be a large amount of rubbish to be burnt up. Due build an Edinburgh and Midlothian councils have now decided to work together to build an ineinerator plant as time to find a solution is fast running out.‎ ‎59. The main way of handling waste in a green manmer in Edinburgh is .‎ A. recyeling B. restoring C. burying D. burning ‎60. The five councils worked out a plan to build an incinerator plant to .‎ A. reduce the roast of burying waste ‎ B. meets the EU requirements ‎ C. speed up waste recycling ‎ D. tempter landfill sites ‎ ‎61. The city council of Edinburgh rejected the suggestion to open a huge landfill site near Portobello because .‎ A. a name from a private company ‎ B. the comelier was not interested in it ‎ C. it was not supports by EU D. the local poodle was waist it ‎ ‎62. What is the final dream an Edinburgh and Midlothian Country? ‎ A. To open a new landfill nearby ‎ B. To close the powder hall landfill in 2015‎ C. To set up a plan for burning waste D. To persuade people to deduce their waste.‎ D Feeling blue about world ? “Cheer up.” Says science writer Matt Ridley.”The world has never been a better place to live in, and it will keep on getting better both for humans and got nature.”‎ Ridley calls himself a tat ional optimist—tactical .because he’s carefully weighed the evidence optimistic .because that offence shows human progress to be both unavoidable and good .And this is what he’s set out to prone from unique point of view in his most recent book. The Rant anal Opting .He views mankind as grand enterprise that .on the whole .has done little but progress for 100.000 years. He backed his finding with hard gathered though years of research.‎ Here’s how he explains his views.‎ Shopping fuels invention It is reported that there are more than ten billion different producers for sale in London alone. Even allowing for the many people who still live in poverty .our own generation has access to more nutritious food .more convenient transport .bigger houses, better ears .and of course, more pounds and dollars than any who lived before us .This will continue as long as we there things to make other things, This more we specialize and exchange, the better off we’ll be.‎ ‎2) Brilliant advances ‎ One reason we are richer, healthier, taller, cleverer, longer-lived and freer than ener before is that the four most basie human needs -food, clothing, fuel and shelter- have grown a lot cheaper. Take one example. In 1800 a candle providing one hour’s light cost six hours’ work. In the 1880s the ‎ same light from an oil lamp took 15 minutes’ work to pay for. In 1950 it was eight seconds. Today it’s half second.‎ ‎3) Let’s not kill ourselves for climate change Mitigating(减轻) climate change could prove just as damaging to human welface as climate change itself. A child that dies from indoor smoke in a village, where the use of fassil-fuel(化石燃料) electrieity is forhidden by well meaming members of green polucal movements trying to save the world, is just as great a tragedy as a child that mes in a flood caused by climate change. If chmaic change proves to be xxxx, but cutting carbon canses realparn, we may well find that we have stopped a nose bleed by putting a tournquet(止血带) around our necks.‎ ‎63. What is the theme of Ridley’s most recent book?‎ A. Weakness of human nature.‎ B. Concern about climate change.‎ C. Importance of practical thinking.‎ D. Optimism about human progress.‎ ‎64. How does Ridley look at shopping?‎ ‎ A. It encourages the creation of things.‎ ‎ B. It results in shortage of goods.‎ ‎ C. It demands more fossil fuels.‎ ‎ D. It causes a poverry problem.‎ ‎65. The candle and lamp example is used to show that .‎ ‎ A. oil lamps give off more light than candles ‎ B. shortening working time brings about a happier life.‎ ‎ C. advanced technology helps to produce better candles.‎ ‎ D. increased production rate leads to lower cost of goods.‎ ‎66. What does the last sentence of the passage imply?‎ ‎ A. Cutting carbon is necessary in spite of the huge cost.‎ ‎ B. Overreaction to cliamate change may be dangerous.‎ ‎ C. People’s health is closely related to climate change.‎ ‎ D. Careless medical treatment may cause great pain.‎ E Which are you more likely to have wath you at sny given mement—your cell phone or your wallet? Soon you may be able to throw your wallet away and pay for things with a quick wave of your smart phone over an electroue scannet.‎ In January, Starbucks announced that customers could start using their phones to buy coffee in 6,800 of its states. This is the first pay by phone practice in the U.S., but we’re likely to see more witeless payment alternatives as something called ucar field communcation(NFC)GETS IN TO America’s consumet electanies. Last Deccmbet some new smart phanes which cantain an NFC chip were introduced to the midlit.‎ Already in use in part of Asia and Europe, NFCtheir plan a few incees live a payment tetminal a one a few ptaht need to be worked out, like who will get to collect the profitable trunsacian(交易)fees. Although some credit card providers have been experimenting with wave and pay systems that use NFC enabled credit cards, cellphone service providers truay try to mused their way into the point of sale (POS)market. Three big gellphone service providers have formed a joinf tenture(合资企业)that will go into opention over the next i15 months. Its goal is“to lead the U.S.‎ ‎ payments industry from cards to mobile phone.”‎ The other big NFC sue, apart from how paymeats will be processed, is security, For instance, what’s to stop a thief from digitally pickpocketing you? “We’re still not at the point where an attacker can just brush against yee in a crowd and steal all the money out of your phone,”says Jimmy Shah. A mobile security rescarcher, “Usera may also be able to set transaction timeits,requiring a password to be enteced for larger putchases.‎ Bus siness? Keep in mund you lost your smart phone, it can be located on a located on a map and remotely ned Plus, your phone can be password protected, Your wallet isn’t.‎ ‎67.What is predicted to happen in the U.S.?‎ A.The expansion of cellphone companices.‎ B. The boom of pay by phone business.‎ C. The dissppearanceof credit cards.‎ D. The increase of Starbucks sales.s ‎68.The NFC technology can be used to________.‎ A. ensure the safety of shoppers B. collect transaction fees easily C. make purchase faster and smpler D. improve the quality of cellphones ‎69.Three cellphone service providers form a joint venture to__________.‎ A. strengthen their relationship B .get a share in the payments industry C .sell more cellphones D. test the NFC teehnoingy ‎70.According to the what can users do if they lose their smart phones?‎ A. Stop the luneting of niet phones.‎ B .Stop a passwant.‎ C .Cat all the money out of their phones.‎ D. Can large purchases.‎ ‎2011年(四川卷) ‎ 第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）‎ A ‎ It’s 5:00 in the morning when the alarm (闹钟) rings in my ears. I roll out of bed and walk blindly through the dark into the bathroom. I turn on the light and put on my glasses. The house is still as I walk downstairs while my husband and three kids sleep peacefully. Usually I go for a long run, but today I choose my favorite exercise DVD, Insanity. Sweat pours down my face and into my eyes. My heart races as I face my body to finish each movement. As I near the end of the exercise , I feel extremely tired, but a smile is of my face. It’s not a smile because the DVD is over , but a smile of success from pushing my body to its extreme limit.‎ ‎ Some people enjoy shopping, smoking , food, work, or even chocolate. But I need exercise to ‎ get through each day. Some shake heads when they see me run through the town. Others get hurt when I refuse to try just one bite of their grandmother’s chocolate cake. They raise their eyebrows, surprised by my “no thank you,” or by my choice to have a salad. Over the years , I have learned it’s okay to just say “no.” I shouldn’t feel sorry for refusing food that I don’t want to eat.‎ So what drives me to roll out of bed at 5:00 a.m.?What gives me the reason to just say to ice cream? Commitment. A commitment to change my life with a way that reduces daliy anxiety ,increases self –confidence and energy, extends life and and above all improves my body shape.This is the point where a smile appears on my face as I look at myself in the mirror or try on my favorite pair of jeans that now fit just right.It’s through commitment and sweat that I can make a difference within myself inside and out.‎ ‎41.Why is there a smile on the author’s face in the morning?‎ A.Because she sees her family sleeping peacefully.‎ B.Because she finishes her favorite exercise ‎ C.Because she enjoys the interesting DVD D.Because she feels a sense of achievement ‎42.Which of the following is true accrding to Paragraph 2?‎ A.She doesn’t like others r politely B.She likes to make others surprised ‎ C.Others don’t understand what she dose D.Others try to help her by offering her food ‎43.What does the underlined word “commitment” in the last paragraph mean?‎ A.Good health B.Firm belief C.A strong power D.A regular habit ‎44.What can we learn about the author from the text?‎ A.She acts in a strange way B.She wants to look different from others C.She aims to develop a goog body shape D.She has difficult getting along with others B Exploit your parking space An unused parking space or garage can make money. If you live near a city center or an airport, you could make anything up to £200 or £300 a week. Put an advertisement（广告）for free on Letpark or Atmyhousepark.‎ Rent（出租）a room Spare room? Not only will a lodger（房客）earn you an income, but also, thanks to the government-backed “rent a room” program, you won’t have to pay any tax on the first £4500 you make per year. Try advertising your room on Roomspare or Roommateeasy.‎ Make money during special events Don’t want a full-time lodger? Then rent on a short-term basis. If you live in the capital, renting a room out during the Olympics or other big events could bring in money, Grashpadder can advertise your space. ‎ Live on set ‎ Renting your home out as a “film set” could earn you hundreds of pounds a day, depending on the film production company and how long your home is needed. A quick search on the Internet will bring up dozens of online companies that allow you to register your home for free—but you will be charged if your home gets picked.‎ Use your roof ‎ You need the right kind of roof, but some energy companies pay the cost of fixing solar equipment(around￡14,000), and let you use the energy produced for nothing. In return, they get ‎ paid for unused energy fed back into the National Grid. However, you have to sign a 25-year agreement with the supplier, which could prevent you from changing the roof.‎ ‎45. If you earn ￡5000 from renting a room in one year, the tax you need to pay will be based on ______.‎ A. ￡800 B. ￡500 C. ￡4500 D.5000‎ ‎46. Where can you put an advertisement to rent out a room during a big event?‎ A. On Letpark. B. On Roomspare. C. On Grashpadder. D. On Roommateeasy.‎ ‎47. If you want to use energy free, you have to_____.‎ A. sign an agreement with the government B. pay around ￡14,000 for the equipment C. sell the roof to some energy companies D. keep the roof unchanged for within 25 years ‎48. For whom the text most probably written?‎ A. Lodgers. B. Advertisers.‎ C. House owners. D. Online companies C The pound new Library of Birmingham（LoB）will be the most visible sign of the way the city is accepting the digitalization（数字化）of everyday life.‎ Set to open in 2013, the £188m LoB is already beginning to tale shape next to the Birmingham Repertory Theatre, with which it will share some equipment.‎ As digital media（媒介）is important to its idea. the project is already providing chances for some of the many small new local companies working at the new technologies.‎ Brian Gambles, the LoB project director,anys it is about gieing people the ringht tools for learning,“The airn is to mix the physical with the digital, providing 24-hour services which can be used through many different ways. It is important to enable us to reach more people, more effectively.”‎ The digital library will, he says, be as important as the physical one, allowing the distant use of the services, making sure that it is never closed to the public.‎ Even before the LoB is complete, the public has been able to go online to visit the Virtual（虚拟的）LoB, designed by Baden, the Birmingham virtual worlds specialists. Not only have the public been able to learn about LoB, but the virtual one has also enabled those working on the LoB to understand the building and how it will work before it even opens.‎ Two other small Birmingham-based digital companies are working on the LoB projects. Substrat, a digital design company, is developing what it calls an example of “enlarged reality” project. It is about the use of an exciting smart phone, an important part of the LoB which is in the early stages of development. And The people’s Archive is an online library of historical figures of the city being built up by a digital content company in Cahoots, in which users will be encouraged to add to and comment on the material. Gambles says: “Technology will enable us to make the library’s content and services open to citizens as never before.” 49.The underline part “its idea”in Paragraph 3 refers to the idea of____ A. the equipment B. the project C. the digital media D. the physical library 50.While visiting the Virtual LoB,the public can_____ A. get a general idea of the LoB B. meet many world-famous experts C. learn how to put up a library building D. understand how the specialists work on the project 51.Which of the following is true of the LoB when it opens?‎ a. It offers better learning tools b. It reaches users in different ways ‎ c. It provides users with smart phone d. It allows users to enrich its material e. It gives non-stop physical and digital services A. a,b,d B. a,c,e C. b,c,d D. b,d,e 52.This text most probably taken from .‎ A.a computer book B.a library guide C.a project handbook D.newspaper report D ‎“Expericence may possibly be the best teacher,but it is not a particulary good teacher.”You might think that Winston Churchill or perhaps Mark Twain spoke those words,but they actually come from James March, a prosefessor at Stanford University and a pioneer in the field of organizational decision making.For years March( possibly be wisest philosopher of managerment) has studied how humans think and act,and he continues to do so in his new book The Ambiguities of Experience.‎ He begins by reminding us of just how firmly we have been sticking to the idea of experiential learning :“Experience is respected；experience is sought；experience is explained.”The problem is that learning from experience involves（涉及） serious complications（复杂化），ones that are part of the nature of experience itself and which March discusses in the body of this book.‎ In one interesting part of book，for example，he turns a double eye toward the use of stories as the most effective way of experiential learning. He says“The more accurately（精确的）reality is presented，the less understandable the story，and the more understandable the story, the less realistic it is.”‎ Besides being a broadly knowdledgeable researcher. March is also a poet, and his gift shines though in the depth of views he offers and the simple language he uses. Though the book is short, it is demanding: Don’t pick it up looking for quick, easy lessons. Rather, be ready to think deeply about learning from experience in work and life. ‎ ‎53.According to the text, James March is ____________.‎ A. a poet who uses experience in his writing B. a teacher who teachers story writing in university C. a researcher who studies the way humans think and act D. a professor who helps organizations make important decisions ‎54.According to James March, experience ______________.‎ A. is overvalued B. is easy to explain C. should be actively sought D. should be highly respected ‎55.What can we learn from Paragraph 3?‎ A. Experience makes stories more accurate.‎ B. Stories made interesting fail to fully present the truth.‎ C. The use of stories is the best way of experiential learning.‎ D. Stories are easier to understand when reality is more accurately described.‎ ‎56.What’s the purpose of this text?‎ A. To introduce a book. B. To describe a researcher.‎ C. To explain experiential learning. D. To discuss organizational decision making.‎ E In business , there is a speed difference: It's the difference between how important a firm’s leaders say speed is to their competitive (竞争的) strategy（策略）and how fast the company actually moves.The difference is important regardless of industry and company size .Companies fearful of losing their competitive advantage spend much time and money looking for ways to pick up the speed.‎ In our study of 343 businesses,the companies that chose to go,go,go to try to gain an edge ended up with lower sales and operating incomes than those that paused at key moments to make sure they were on the right track,Whats more ,the firns that “slowed down to speed up “inproved their top and bottom lines ,averaging 40% higher sales and 52% higher operating incomes over a three-yesr period.‎ How did they disobey the laws of business physics ,taking more time than competitors yet performing better ? They thought differently about what “slower “ and “faster” mean.Firms sometimes fail to understand the difference between operational speed (moving quickly )and strategic speed (reducing the time it takes to deliver value ).Simply increasing the speed of production,for example ,may be one way to try to reduce the speed difference .But that often leads to reduced value over time,in the form of lower-quality products and services.‎ In our study,higher-performing companies with strategic speed always made changes when necessary.They became more open to ideas and discussion. They encouraged new ways of thinking.And they allowed time to look back and learn. By contrast (相比而言), performance suffered at firms that moved fast all the time, paid too much attention to improve efficience,stuck to tested methods, didn’t develop team spirit among their employee , and had little time thinking about changes.‎ Strategic speed serves as a kind of leadership . Teams that regularly take time to get things right , rather than plough ahead full bore , are more successful in meeting their business goals . That kind of strategy must come from the top.‎ ‎57 . What does the underlined part “gain an edge ”in Paragraph 2 mean ?‎ A. Increase the speed.‎ B. Get an advantage.‎ C. Reach the limit.‎ D. Set a goal.‎ ‎58. The underlinged part “the laws of business physics in Paragraph 3 means ___________.‎ A. spending more time and performing worse.‎ B. spending more time and performing better C. spending less time and performing worse ‎ D. spending less time and performing better ‎ ‎59. What can we learn from the text?‎ A. how fast a firm moves depends on how big it is.‎ B. how competitive a firm is depends on what it produces.‎ C. Firms guided by strategic speed take time to make necessary changes.‎ D. Firms guided by operational speed take time to develop necessary team spirit.‎ ‎60. Where could be the best title for the text?‎ A. Improve quality? Serve better.‎ B. Delive value? Plough ahead.‎ C. Reduce time? Move faster.‎ D. Need speed? Slow down.‎ ‎2011年(陕西卷) ‎ 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）‎ 阅读些列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出你最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎46．If you want to join Live Card to save money on tickets, you can call .【 C】‎ A.0844 847 2484 B.0800 587 5007‎ C.0844 499 6699 D.0161 245 6609‎ ‎47．How can you pay for a ticket when you book by post? 【 D 】‎ A.By visiting the website of a post office.‎ B.By going to your local bank in person.‎ C.By enclosing your Live Card in an envelope.‎ D.By providing your credit card information.‎ ‎48．What benefit can group bookers enjoy according to the text? 【 A 】‎ A.Delayed payment for tickets. B.Invitations to opening nights.‎ C.Reduced booking fees by phone D.Generous discounts on tickets.‎ B Most people know that Marie Curie was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize, and the first person to win it twice. However, few people know that she was also the mother of a Nobel Prize winner.‎ Born in September, 1987, Irene Curie was the first of the Curies’ two daughters. Along with nine other children whose parents were also famous scholars, Irene studied in their own school, and her mother was one of the teachers. She finished her high school education at the College of Sévigné in Paris.‎ Irene entered the University of Paris in 1914 to prepare for a degree in mathematics and physics. When World War I began, Irene went to help her mother, who was using X-ray facilities（设备） to help save the lives of wounded soldiers.Irene continued the work by developing X-ray facilities in military hospitals in France and Belgrum. Her services were recognised in the form of a Military’s Medal by the French government. In 1918, Irene became her mother’s assistant at the Curie Institute. In December 1924, Frederic Joliot joined the Institute, and Irene taugh him the techniques required for his work. They soon fell in love and were married in 1926. Their daughter Helene was born in 1927 and their son Pierre five years later.‎ Like her mother, Irene combined family and career. Like her mother, Irene was awarded a Nobel Prize, along with her husband, in 1935. Unfortunately, also like her mother, she developed leukemia because of her work with radioactivity（辐射能）. Irene Joliot-Curie died from leukemia on March 17, 1956.‎ ‎49．Why was Irene Curie awarded a Military Medal?【B】 A.Because she received a degree in ‎ mathematics. B.Because she contributed to saving the wounded. C.Because she won the Nobel Prize with Frederic. D. Because she worked as a helper to her mother. 50．Where did Irene Curie meet her husband Frederio joliot?【A】 A.At the Curie Institute. B.At the Cniversity of Paris. C.At a military hospital. D.At the College of Sevigne.‎ ‎51．When was the second child of Irene Curie and Frederic Joliot born?【A】 A. In 1932. B. In 1927. C. In 1897. D. In 1926.‎ ‎52． In which of the following aspects was Irene Cuire different from her mother?【C】 A.Irene worked with radioactivity. B.Irene combined family and career. C.Irene won the Nobel Prize once D.Irene died from leukemia.‎ C In early autumn I applied for applied for admission to college. I wanted to go nowhere but to Cornell University,but my mother fought strongly againsnst it. When she saw me studying a photograph of my father on the sports ground of Cornell,she tore it up. ‎ ‎“You can’t say it’s not a great university,just because Papa went there.”‎ ‎“That’s not it at all.And it is a top university.”She was still holding the pieces in her hand. “But we can’t afford to send you to college.”‎ ‎“I wouldn’t dream of asking you for money.Do you want me to get a job to help suppont you and Papa?Things aren’t that bad,are they?”‎ ‎“No,”she said. “I don’t expect you to help support us.”‎ Father borrowed money form his rich cousins to start a small jewellery shop,His chief customers were his old college friends.To get new customers,my mother had to help.She picked up a long-forgotten membership in the local league of women,so that she cound get to know more people. Whether those people would turn into customers was another question. I knew that my Parents had to wait for quite a long time before their small investment (投资) could show returns.What’s more ,they had not wanted enough to be roch and successful ；otherwise they cound not possibly have managed their lives so badly.‎ I was torn between the desave to help them and change,their lives,and the determinstion not to repeat their mistakes.I had a strong belief in my power to go what I wanted.After months of hard study I won a full college scholarship（奖学金）.My father could hardly contain his pride in me,and my mother eventually gave in before my success.‎ ‎53.The author was not allowed to go to Cornell University mainly because【D】‎ A. his father grduated from the university B. his mother did not thinks it a great university C. his parents needed him to help support the family D. his parents did not have enough money for him ‎54.The father srarted his small shop with the money from .【C】‎ A.a local league B.his university C.his relatives D.his college friends ‎55.Why did the mother renew her membership in the league? 【A】‎ A.To help with her husband’s business B.To raise money for her son C.To meet her long-forgotten friends D.To better manage her life ‎56.According to the text,what was the author determined to do in that autumn? 【C】‎ A. To get a well-paid job for himself B. To improve relations with his mother C. To go to his dream university D. To carry on with his father’s business D Ever since they were first put on the market in the early 1990s, gentically mondified (GM, 转基因) foods have been increasingly developed and marketed in many countries in the word,mainly on the basis of their promise to end the worldwide food crisis. But can GM technology solve world hunger problems? Even if it would ,is it the best solutiorr?‎ ‎ Despite what it promiises,GM technology actually has not increased the production potential of any corp. In fact ‎ ‎ Studies show that the most crown GM croo.‎ GM soybeans, has suffered reduced productivity. For instance, a report than analysed nearly two decades of research on mojor GM food crops shows that GM engineering has failed to significantly increase US crop production.‎ Something else, however, has been on the rise, While GM seeds are expensive, GM companics tell farmers that they will make good profits by saving money on pesticides（杀虫剂）. On the contrary, US government data show that GM crops in the US have produced an overall increase in pesticide use compared to traditional crops. “ The promise was that you could use less chemicals and boost production. But nether is true,” said Bill Christison, President of the US National Farm Coalition.‎ At the same time, the authors of the book World Hunger: Twelve Myths argue that there actually is more than enough food in the world and that the hunger crisis is not caused by production, but by problems in food distribution and politics. These indeed deserve our efforts and money. Meanwhile, the rise in food prices results from the increased use of crops for fuel rather than food, according to a 2008 World Bank report.‎ As a matter of fact ,scientists see better ways to feed the world. Another World Bank report concluded that GM crops have little to offer to the challenges of worldwide poverty and hunger, because better ways out are available, among which “green” farming is supposed to be the first choice.‎ ‎57.The author develops the second paragraph mainly . 【C】‎ A. by classification B. by comparison ‎ C. by example D. by process ‎ ‎58. What does the underlined word “boost ” in the third paragraph probably mean? 【D】‎ A. Control. B. Evaluate C. Obtain. D. Increase.‎ ‎59. GM companies promise farmers that they will benefit from ______________. 【B】‎ A. practicing “green” farming B. use of less chemicals C. fair distribution of their crops D. using more crops for fuel ‎60. Which of the following best describes the attitude of the author towards GM technology? 【C】‎ A. Optimistic B. Defensive C. Disapproving D. Casual ‎2011年陕西卷高考英语阅读理解答案解析 良师点评：‎ 今年的阅读理解让人眼前一亮，设题活泼，新而不怪。精益求精、难度适中。‎ 阅读题的出题点主要集中在各段首尾句、汉字提示句、特殊符号处、逻辑关系处。‎ A 文章大意：这是一家剧院的广告，向消费者介绍了如何订票，如何获得优惠服务的相关信息。‎ ‎46. C 细节理解题。 “live card” 主题段向消费者介绍了live card，由最后一句“Call 0844 499 6699 to join Live card” ，可知答案应该选C。‎ ‎47. D 细节理解题。 “By post”中提到，购票者应该附寄支票、邮政汇票或信用卡详情信息到票务中心，可知应选D (提供信用卡信息)。‎ ‎48. A 推理判断题。“Get it together”主题中第二段中提到，“聚会邀请函和先预订后支付项目都是提供给团购者的优惠服务。因此 A (延迟支付买票的钱)符合题意。‎ 良师点评：‎ 这道阅读题很人性化，而且实用。考生在做完完形之后，看到这样的生活类信息查找文章，像做游戏一样，加之几张小图片做点缀，头脑立刻得到轻松，这样的人性化出题风格正是新课标考试求新所需要的。这一类题不难，找准钥匙词(46题Live Card、47题by post、48题group bookers)，带入文章查找，一找一个准。‎ B 文章大意：Marie Curie 是第一位获得诺贝尔奖的女科学家，也是第一位获得两次诺贝尔奖的人，然而很少人知道她也是一位诺贝尔奖获得者的母亲。‎ ‎49. B 细节理解题。短文第三段中提到Irene 一战期间救助受伤的战士，在军事医院开发X 射线设备，因而才被法国政府授予军事奖章。‎ ‎50.A 细节理解题。由第四段第二句“Frederic Joliot joined the institute”，可知应选A。‎ ‎51.A 推理判断题。第四段最后一句中提到，他们的女儿1927年出生，五年后儿子才又出生，因此儿子的出生时间为1932年。‎ ‎52. C 细节理解题。由短文最后一段，可知研究核射能、兼顾家庭和事业以及死于白血病都是Irene 和母亲的共同点。‎ 良师点评：‎ 这是一篇人物传记类文章，而且是考生所熟悉的居里夫人，所有的题都能从原文中找出论据，但都需要考生转换一下，如第51题选1932年，原文第四段尾句说1927年女儿出生，5年后儿子出生，加一下得出答案。52题直选较难，因为题目的论据需要将第一段和最后一段相结合，但是考生通过排除法做就简单了。‎ C 文章大意：“我”申请了康奈尔大学，母亲因家中没钱表示反对，然而“我”用我的决心和努力成功获得了全额奖学金。‎ ‎53.D 细节理解题。第三段母亲说道“we can’t afford to send you to college”，由此可知选D。‎ ‎54.C 细节理解题。第六段第一句中讲到，父亲向他富有的表亲戚借钱开了一家小珠宝店。因此选C。‎ ‎55.A 推理判断题。第六段中讲到，母亲为了帮忙发展新客户，不得不重新加入当地一家妇女社团，以便结识更多的人。‎ ‎56.C 推理判断题 全文围绕作者上大学的事情展开，文章第一句便介绍了作者初秋递交了大学入学申请。‎ 良师点评：‎ 这是一篇回忆录式的文章，反映了美国人的社会生活、家庭关系，也是一篇有教育意义的文章，即便在美国，有的家庭也交不起大学学费，主人公自立自强，获得成功。这篇文章出题风格跟B片相似，也需要简单推断，最后一题在第一段中找答案。‎ D 文章大意：转基因食物于20世纪90年代初期投入市场，迅速得到发展。但是转基因技术真的可以解决世界饥饿问题吗，它是不是最好的解决方法呢？‎ ‎57. C 细节理解题。第二段用一份对转基因的研究报告来作例子，说明转基因技术实际上并没有提高粮食产量。由第三句中的“for instance”便可轻易得出答案。‎ ‎58. D 词义猜测题。由短文第二段和第三段可知，转基因技术曾承诺增加粮食产量，减少杀虫剂使用量，但是两者都没有实现。因此此处boost 的含义为“增加”。‎ ‎59. B 细节理解题。短文第三段第二句中讲到，GM 公司承诺农民会通过减少杀虫剂支出费用获得收益（make good profits by saving money on pesticides）。‎ ‎60. C 态度观点题。纵观全文可见，转基因技术并没有解决世界饥饿问题，它所作出的承诺均落空，解决饥饿问题另有他法。由此可见作者对转基因技术持不赞成态度。‎ 良师点评：‎ 这篇文章属科普类文章，表达转基因农业的认识，从文章第二段第一句就表达了作者的基调——转基因农业没有增加农业产量，最后一段第一句做说科学家找到了更好的方法来给人类提供食物。可见作者对转基因持不认可态度，这样60题的答案就显而易见了。另外第57题将写作方法引入出题，不熟悉这一出题模式的考生容易选错，其实这类题主要是说作者是用什么方法来论证其观点的，这样通过转化，考生就会答了，由For instance可知选C。 ‎ ‎2011年(广东卷) ‎ Ⅱ. 阅读 (共两节, 满分50分)‎ 第一节 阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A In the animal kingdom, weakness can bring about aggression in other animal. This sometimes happens with humans also. But I have found that my weakness brings out the kindness in people. I see it every day when people hold doors for me, pour cream into my coffee, or help me to put on my coat. And I have discovered that it makes them happy.‎ From my wheelchair experience, I see the best in people, bur sometimes I feel sad because those who appear independent miss the kindness I see daily. They don’t get to see this soft side of others often; we try every way possible to avoid showing our weakness, which includes a lot of pretending. But only when we stop pretending we’re brave or strong do we allow people to show the kindness that’s in them.‎ Last month, when I was driving home on a busy highway, I began to feel unwell and drove more slowly than usual. People behind me began to get impatient and angry, with some speeding up alongside me, horning (按喇叭) or even shouting at me. At the moment I decided to do something I had never done in twenty fore years of driving. I put on the car flashlights and drove on at a really low speed.‎ No more angry shouts and no more horns!‎ When I put on my flashlights, I was saying to other drivers, “I have a problem here. I am weak and doing the best I can.” And everyone understood. Several times, I saw drivers who wanted to pass. They couldn’t get around me because of the stream of passing traffic. But instead of getting impatient and angry, they waited, knowing the driver in front of them was in some way weak.‎ Sometimes situations call for us to act strong and brave even when we don’t feel that way. But ‎ those are and far between. More often, it would be better if we don’t preten d we feel strong when we feel weak or pretend that we are brave when we are scared. ‎ ‎26. The author has discovered that people will feel happy when ______.‎ ‎ A. the offer their help ‎ B. they receive others’ help ‎ C. they feel others’ kindness ‎ D. they show their weakness ‎27. The author feels sad sometimes because ______.‎ ‎ A. he has a soft heart ‎ B. he relies much on others ‎ C. some people pretend to be kind ‎ D. some people fail to see the kindness in others ‎28. What did the other drivers do when they saw the flashlights?‎ A. They speed up to pass.‎ ‎ B. They waited with patience.‎ ‎ C. They tried their best to help.‎ ‎ D. They put on their flashlights too.‎ ‎29. In this passage, the author advises us to ______.‎ ‎ A. handle problems by ourselves ‎ B. accept help from others ‎ C. admit our weakness ‎ D. show our bravery ‎30. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?‎ ‎ A. A Wheelchair Experience.‎ ‎ B. Weakness and Kindness.‎ ‎ C. Weakness and Strength D. A Driving Experience[来源:Z,xx,k.Com]‎ B Can dogs and cats live in perfect harmony in the same home? People who are thinking about adopting a dog as a friend for their cats are worried that they will fight. A recent research has found a new recipe of success. According to the study, if the cat is adopted before the dog, and if they are introduced when still young (less than 6 months for cats, a year for dogs), it is highly probable that the two pets will get along swimmingly. Two-thirds of the homes interviewed reported a positive relationship between their cat and dog.[来源:学科网]‎ However, it wasn’t all sweetness and light. There w as a reported coldness between the cat and dog in 25% of the homes, while aggression and fighting were observed in 10% of the homes. One reason for this is probably that some of their body signals were just opposite. F or example, when a cat turns its head away it signals aggression, while a dog doing the same signals submission.‎ In homes with cats and dogs living peacefully, researchers observed a surprising behaviour. They are learning how to talk each other’s language. It is a surprise that cats can learn how to talk ‘dog’, and dogs can learn how to talk ‘Cat’.‎ What’s interesting is that both cats and dogs have appeared to develop their intelligence. They can learn how to read each other’s body signals, suggesting that the two may have more in common ‎ than we previously suspected. Once familiar with each other’s presence and body language, cats and dogs can play together, greet each other nose to nose, and enjoy sleeping together on the sofa. They can easily share the same water bowl and in some cases groom (梳理) each other.‎ The significance of the research on cats and dogs may go beyond pets ─ to people who don’t get along, including neighbors, colleagues at work, and even world superpowers. If cats and dogs can learn to get along, surely people have a good chance.‎ ‎31. The underlined word swimmingly in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ______.‎ ‎ A. early B. sweetly C. quickly D. smoothly ‎32. Some cats and dogs may fight when ______.‎ ‎ A. they are cold to each other ‎ B. they look away from each other ‎ C. they misunderstood each other’s signals ‎ D. they are introduced at an early age ‎33. What is found surprising about cats and dogs?‎ ‎ A. They eat and sleep each other.‎ ‎ B. They observe each other’s behaviors.‎ ‎ C. They learn to speak each other’s language.‎ ‎ D. They know something from each other’s voices.‎ ‎34. It is suggested in Paragraph 4 that cats and dogs ______.‎ ‎ A. have common interests ‎ B. are less different than was thought ‎ C. have a common body language ‎ D. are less intelligent than was expected ‎35. What can we human beings learn from cats and dogs?‎ ‎ A. We should learn to live in harmony.‎ ‎ B. We should know more about animals.‎ ‎ C. We should live in peace with animals.‎ ‎ D. We should learn more body languages.‎ C ‎ A year after graduation, I was offered a position teaching a writing class. Teaching was a profession I had never seriously considered, though several of my stories had been published. I accepted the job without hesitation, as it would allow me to wear a tie and go by the name of Mr. Davis. My father went by the same name, and I liked to imagine people getting the two of us confused. “Wait a minute<” someone might say, “are you talking about Mr. Davis the retired man, or Mr. Davis the respectable scholar?”‎ ‎ The position was offered at the last minute, and I was given two weeks to prepare, a per iod I spent searching for briefcase (公文包) and standing before my full-length mirror, repeating the words, “Hello, class. I’m Mr. Davis.” Sometimes I would give myself an aggressive voice. Sometimes I would sound experienced. But when the day eventually came, my nerves kicked in and the true Mr. Davis was there. I sounded not like a thoughtful professor, but rather a 12-year-old boy.‎ ‎ I arrived in the classroom with paper cards designed in the shape of maple leaves. I had cut them myself out of orange construction paper. I saw nine students along a long table. I handed out the cards, and the students wrote down their names and fastened them to their breast pockets as I ‎ required.‎ ‎ “All right then,” I said. “Okey, here we go.” Then I opened my briefcase and realized that I had never thought beyond this moment. I had been thinking that the students would be the first to talk, offering their thoughts and opinions on the events of the day. I had imagined that I would sit at the edge of the desk, overlooking a forests of hands. Every student would yell. “Calm down, you’ll all get your turn. One at a time, one at a time!”‎ ‎ A terrible silence ruled the room, and seeing no other opinions, I inspected the students to pull out their notebooks and write a brief essay related to the theme of deep disappointment.‎ ‎36. The author took the job to teach writing because ______.‎ ‎ A. he wanted to be expected ‎ B. he had written some storied ‎ C. he wanted to please his father ‎ D. he had dreamed of being a teacher ‎37. What can we learn about the author from Paragraph 2?‎ ‎ A. He would be aggressive in his first class.‎ ‎ B. He was well-prepared for his first class.‎ ‎ C. He got nervous upon the arrival of his first class.‎ ‎ D. He waited long for the arrival of his first class.‎ ‎38. Before he started his class, the author asked the students to ______.‎ ‎ A. write down their suggestions on the paper cards ‎ B. cut maple leaves out of the construction paper ‎ C. cut some cards out of the construction paper ‎ D. write down their names on the paper cards ‎39. What did the students do when the author started his class?‎ ‎ A. They began to talk.‎ ‎ B. They stayed silent.‎ ‎ C. They raised their hands.‎ ‎ D. They shouted to be heard.‎ ‎40. The author chose the composition topic probably because ______.‎ ‎ A. he got disappointed with his first class ‎ B. he had prepared the topic before class ‎ C. he wanted to calm down the students ‎ D. he thought it was an easy topic D ‎ In a world with limited land, water and other natural resources (资源), the harm from the traditional business model is on the rise. Actually, the past decades has seen more and more forests disappearing and globe becoming increasingly warm. People now realize that this unhealthy situation must be changed, and that we must be able to develop in sustainable (可持续的) ways. That means growth with low carbon or development of sustainable prod ucts. In other words, we should keep the earth healthy while using its supply of natural resources.‎ ‎ Today, sustainable development is a proper trend in many countries. According to a recent study, the global market for low-carbon energy will become three times bigger over the next decades. China, for example, has set its mind on leading that market, hoping to seize chances in the new round of the global energy revolution. It is now trying ha rd to make full use of wind and ‎ solar energy, and is spending a huge amount of money making electric cars and high-speed trains. In addition, we are also seeing great growth in the global markets for sustainable products such as palm oil (棕榈油)， which is produced without cutting down valuable rainforest. In recent years the markets for sustainable products have grown by more than 50%.‎ ‎ Governments can fully develop the potential of these new markets. First, they can set high targets for reducing carbon emissions (排放) and targets for saving and reusing energy. Besides, stronger arrangement of public resources like forests can also help to speed up the development. Finally, governments can avoid the huge expenses that are taking us in the wrong direction, and redirecting some of those expenses can accelerate the change from traditional model to a sustainable one.‎ The major challenge of this century is to find ways to meet the needs of growing population within the limits if this single planet. That is no small task, but it offers abundant new chances for sustainable product industries.‎ ‎41. The traditional business model is harmful because of all the following EXCEPT that ______.‎ ‎ A. It makes the world warmer ‎ B. it consumes natural resources ‎ C. it brings severe damage to forests ‎ D. it makes growth hard to continue ‎42. What can we infer from Paragraph 2?‎ ‎ A. China lacks wind and solar energy.‎ ‎ B. China is the leader of the low-carbon market.‎ ‎ C. High-speed trains are a low-carbon development.‎ ‎ D. Palm oil is made at the cost of valuable forests.‎ ‎43. To full develop the low-carbon markets, government can ______.‎ ‎ A. cut public expenses ‎ B. forbid carbon emission ‎ C. develop public resources ‎ D. encourage energy conservation ‎44. We can learn from the last paragraph that businesses have many chances to ______.‎ ‎ A. develop sustainable products ‎ B. explore new natural resources ‎ C. make full use of natural resources ‎ D. deal with the major challenge ‎45. What is the main purpose of the passage?‎ ‎ A. To introduce a new business model.‎ ‎ B. To compare two business models.‎ ‎ C. To predict a change of the global market.‎ ‎ D. T o advocate sustainable development.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2011年(福建卷) ‎ 第三部分 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中 ，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A Driving a car is not just handling controls and judging speed and distance. It requires you to predict what other road users will do and get ready to react to something unexpected , When alcohol is consumed, it enters your bloodstream and acts as a depressant （抑制药），damaging eyesight, judgment and co-ordination （协调），slowing down reaction time and greatly increasing the risk of accidents. Even below the drink driving link , driving well be affected.‎ Alcohol may take a few minutes to be absorbed into the bloodstream and start action on the brain. Absorption rate is increased when drinking on an empty stomach or when consuming drinks mixed with fruit juice. To get rid of alcohol from the body is a very slow process and it is not possible to speed it up with any measures like taking a shower or having a cup of tea or coffee.‎ The present Road Traffic Ordinance states clearly that the limit of alcohol concentration is :‎ ‎● 50 milligrams of alcohol per 100ml of blood ;or ‎● 22 micrograms of alcohol per 100ml of breath ;or ‎● 67 milligrams of alcohol per 100ml of urine(尿液)‎ Drivers who cause traffic accidents, or who commit a moving traffic offence or are being suspected of drink driving will be tested.‎ Any drive found drinking beyond the limit will be charged.The driver declared guilty may be fined a maximum of HK﹩25,000 and be sentenced to up to 3 years in prison and punished for 10 driving-offence points; or temporarily banned from driving.‎ The same punishment applices to failing to provide speciments(样本) far breath, blood or urine tests without good excuse.‎ Drink driving is a criminal offebce.Be a responsible,driver,think before you drink. For the safety of yourself and other road users, never drive after consuming alcohol.‎ ‎56.The first paragraph is mainly about_____________.‎ A. the introductions of driving skills B. the dangaga of drinking to your body C. the effect of drinking on driving D. the process of alcohol being absorbed ‎57.The underlined word “it” in the second paragraph refers to “________”.‎ ‎ A. alcohol B. absorption C. blood D. process ‎58 Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?‎ ‎ A. Drinking below the drink driving limit has no effect on driving.‎ ‎ B. Alcohol is taken in more quickly when drunk with fruit juice.‎ ‎ C. Having a cup of tea helps to get rid of alcohol from the body.‎ ‎ D.50 milligrams of alcohol per 100ml of breath is below the drink limit ‎59.A drive suspeced of drink driving_________.‎ A.Should provide specimens for testing.‎ B.be forbidden to drive for 3years C.Will be punished for 10 driving-offence points D.Should pay a maximum fine of HK＄25,000‎ B ‎ For five days,Edmonton's Downtown Park is transformed into one huge stage where artists are able to share their talents, and where people are able to celebrate and enjoy themselves .Since is beginning in 1980,the Edmonton Folk Music Festival has been commemorating(念）the ture feeling of what folk music is all about and that's the traditional togetherness(友爱）that is felt when people gather to share stories and feelings through song.‎ This year will be the sixth year when volunteer Riedel will be offering up her time to the festival.‎ ‎ "People coming off a busy spring and summer have a moment of relaxation ," Riedel said. "It's really east to relax, and it's great seeing family and friends have fun together." These families and friends come from all different kinds of musical tastes. People who take pleasure in Blues are there, so are people who love Bluegrass. This festival does its best to develop everyone's musical interests.‎ ‎ With so many years of expenence .the festival has become a well-oiled machine, and does whatever it can to make attendees feel as possible. There are free water stations throughout the venue(举办地）for people to fill up their travel cups. When people buy food, reusable ashes are given a $2 plate fee, but that is returned when the plate is brought back.‎ The festival has completely sold out of tickets, and in record time. But with big names such as Van Morrison and Jakob Dylan, it’s easy to see how that was going to happen. There is no parking area during the festival, so using the Park & Ride system or Edmonton Transit is highly recommended. A bike lock-up area is provided and will be available Thursday until Sunday one hour before the gates open until 45 minutes after the gates close.‎ The Edmonton Folk Music Festival begins on Wednesday, Aug.4 with Van Morrison playing the special donation fund （基金）concert, and will finish up on Sunday, Aug.8.‎ ‎60. The Edmonton Folk Music Festival is held mainly to ___________.‎ A. gather people with different musical tastes B. remind people of the real sense of folk music C. exhibitive good voices of great talents in folk music D. collect old stories of folk music ‎ ‎61. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?‎ A. Riedel has volunteered for the festival for at least 5years.‎ B. It’s hard for people to appreciate Blues.‎ C. It costs people a little to fill up their cups from water stations.‎ D. People have to pay ﹩2 for a plate of food.‎ ‎62. We can learn from the passenger that____.‎ A. people can get tickets easily for the festival B. the Edmonton Folk Music Festival is highly recommended.‎ C. driving one’s own car to the festival is highly recommended D. bikes are available at the festival from Wednesday to Sunday ‎63. What would the best title for the passenger?‎ A. Folk Music of Blues B. One Festival Family Gathering ‎ C. Festival for family Gathering ‎ D. Edmonton’s Downtown Park C Elixir written by Eric Walters Twelve-year-old Roth becomes a friend of Dr. Banting and his assistant, Mr. Best, who are in search of a cure for diabetes （糖尿病）.She finds herself torn between her sympathy for the animals being experimented on and her friendship with Banting and Best.‎ George Washingtion Carver Written by Elizabeth Macleod Meet the “Peanut（花生） Specialist”, George Washington Carver, the inventor and professor who made over 325 products out of peanuts. Through his agricultural research, he also greatly improved the lives of countless black farmers in the southern United States. See also Macleod’s Albert Einstein: A Life of Genius.‎ The Inuit Thought of It: Amazing Arctic Innovations Written by Alootook Ipellie & David MacDonald ‎ Explore more than 40 ideas necessary to Inuit survival. From ideas familiar to us today to inventive concepts that shaped their lives, celebrate the creativity of a remarkably intelligent people. Also see other books; The Chinese Thought of It by Tingxing Ye and A Native American Thought of It by Rocky Landon and David MacDonald.‎ ‎ ‎ Made in Canada:101 Amazing Achieverms Written by Bev Spencer What things do we use daily that have a Canadian connection?Here are 101 common things that were invented in Canada or by a Canadian,including the Blackberry,alkaline(碱性) batterices and the Blue Box yecycling program.‎ ‎ ‎ Newton and the Tlme Machine Written by Michael Me Gowan Ten-year-old boy Newton has invented a time machine to see dinesaurs up close.But it disappears on a test run with his two huge friends,King Herbert and Queen Certunde,in can he save them before time runs out?‎ ‎64. Which of the following best describes Roth’s feeling in Book 1?‎ A. Painful B. Curious C. Frightened D. Disappointed ‎65. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?‎ A. Animals are mentioned in Book 1 and Book 5.‎ B. Book 3 introduces 40 inventive concepts.‎ C. Alkaline batteries were invented by Dr. Banting.‎ D. George Washington Carver was a black farmer in the US.‎ ‎66. In Book 5, King Herbert and Queen Gertrude are_______‎ A. Newton’s human friends B. the names of the time machine C. two dinosaurs D. the inventions of the time machine ‎67. If you are interested in native Americans, you may read the book by _____.‎ A. Elizabeth Macleod B. Eric Walters ‎ C. Rocky London & David MacDonald D. Bev Spencer D ‎ Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy Onassis was one of the most private women in the world, yet when she went to work as an editor in the last two decades of her life, she revealed (展现) herself as she did nowhere else.‎ After the death of her second husband,Greek shipping magnate AristotieOnassis laqueline’s close friend and former White House social ? Letitis Baldrige made a suggestion that she consider ‎ a career in publishing.After consideration,‎ ‎ Jacqueline accepted it.Perhaps she hoped to find there some ideas about how to live her own life .She became not less but more interested in reading.For the last 20 years of her life, Jacqueline worked as a publisher’s editor, first at Viking,then at Doubleday ,pursuing（追求）a late-life career longer than her two marriages combined.During her time in publishing, she was responsible for managing and editing more than 100 sucessfully marketed books.Among the first books were In the Russian Style and Inventive Paris Clothes.She also succeeded in persuading TV hosts Bill Moyers and Joseph Campbell to transform their popular television conversation into a book ,The Power of Myth.The book went on to become an international best-seller.She dealt too.with Michael Jackson as he prepared his autobiography(自传)，Moonwalk.‎ Jaequelinered for her name and for her social relations,but she soon proved Her worth.Her shoicas,suggestions and widespread social relations were of benefit both to the publishing Since and to Jacqueline herself.In the books she selected for publication,she built on a lifetime of spending time by herself as a reader and left a record of the growth of her mind.Her books are the autobiofraphy she never wrote,Her role as First lady,in the end,was overshadowed by her performance as an editor.However,few knew that she had achteved so much.‎ ‎68.We can learn from the passage that Jecqueline ‎ A.because fond of reading after working as an editor B.was in charge of publishing 100 books C.promoted lier books through social relations D.gained a lot from her career as an editor ‎69.The underlined sentence in the last paragph probably means this ‎ A.Jscqueline’s ended up as an editor rather than as First Lady B. Jscqueline’s life as First Lady was more colorful than as an editor C. Jscqueline was more successful as an editor than as First Lady D. Jscqueline’s role as First Lady was more brilliant than as an editor ‎70.What can be inferred from the passage?‎ A. Jscqueline’s two marriages lasted more than 20 years B. Jscqueline’s own publishing firm was set up eventually C. Jscqueline’s views and beliefs were reflected in the books she edited D. Jscqueline’s achievements were widely known ‎71.The passage is mainly ‎ A.an introduction of jacqueline’s life both as Fist Lady and as editor.‎ B.a brief description of jacqueline’s lifelong experiences.‎ C.a brief account of jacqueline’s career as an editor in her last 20 years.‎ D.an analysis of Jscqueline’s social relations in publishing E The internet will open up new vistas (前景), creat the global village- -you can make new friends all around the world. That,at least, is what it promised us. The difficulty is that ‎ It did not take the human mind into account. The reality is that we cannot keep relationship than a limited number of people. No matter how hard the internet tries to put You in communication, its best efforts will be defeated by your mind.‎ The problem is twofold（双重的）. First, there is a limit on the number of people we can hole in mind and have a meaningful relationship with. That number is about 150 and is set by the size of ‎ our brain. Second, the quality of your relationships depends on the amount of time you invest （投入）in then. We invest a lot in a small number of people and then distribute what’s left among as many others as we can. The problem is that if we invest little time in a person, our engagement with that person will decline（减弱）until eventually it dies into “someone I once knew”.‎ This is not, of course, to say that the internet doesn’t serve a socially valuable function. Of course it does. But the question is not that it allows you to increase the size of your social circle to include the rest of the world, but that you can keep your relationships with your existing friends going even though you have to more to the other side of the world.‎ In one sense, that’s a good thing. But it also has a disadvantage. If you continue to invest in your old friends even though you can no longer see then, then certainly you aren’t using your time to make new friends where you now live. And I suspect that probably isn’t the best use of your time. Meaningful relationships are about being able to communicate with each other, face to face. The internet will slow down the rate with which relationships end, but it won’t stop that happening eventually.‎ ‎72. What is stressed in the first paragraph?‎ A. The present situation of the internet.‎ B. The difficulty in communication on the internet.‎ C. The socially valuable function of the internet.‎ D. The role of the human mind in the internet communication.‎ ‎73. The underlined word “engagement” in the second paragraph probably means “____”.‎ A. appointment B. connection C. interview D. agreement ‎74. According to the passenger, the author holds the view that____.‎ A. the internet fails to play so valuable a role in communication as it promised B. the internet determines the quality of social relationships C. the internet greatly increases the size of social circles D. the internet communication is no less effective than the ‎ face-to-face talk ‎75. What is the author’s attitude towards the use of the internet to strengthen relationships?‎ A. He is uncertain about it. B. He is hopeful of it.‎ C. He approves of it. D. He doubts it.‎ ‎2011年 (江苏卷) ‎ 第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）‎ 请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A We know the famous ones—the Thomas Edisons and the Alexander Graham Bells —but what about the less famous inventors? What about the people who invented the traffic light and the windshield wiper(雨刮器)？Shouldn’t we know who they are?‎ Joan Mclean think so. In fact, Mclean, a professor of physics at Mountain University in Range, feels so strongly about this matter that she’s developed a course on the topic. In addition to learning “who”invented”what”, however, Mclean also likes her students to learn the answers to ‎ the”why” and ”how” questions. According to Mclean,”When students learn the answers to these questions, they are better prepared to recognize opportunities for inventing and more motivated to give inventing a try.”‎ So,just what is the story behind the windshield wiper? Well,Mary Anderson came up with the idea in 1902 after a visit to Mew York City.The day was cold and stormy, but Anderson still wanted to see the sights ,so she jumped aboard a streetcar. Noticing that the driver was struggling to see through the snow covering the winshield,she found hersefe wondering why there couldn’t be a buolt-in devic for cleaing the window. Still wondering about this when she returned home to Birmingham, Alabama, Anderson started drafting out solutions. One of her ideas, a lever(操作杆)on the inside of a vehicle that would contral an arm on the outside, became the first windshield wiper. Today we benefit from countless inventions and innovations，It’s hard to imagine driving without Garrett A.Morgan’s traffic light. It’s equally impossible to picture a world without Katherine J.Blodgett’s innovation that makes glass invisible, Can you picture life without clear windows and eyeglasses?‎ ‎56.By mentionong “traffic light”and “windshield wiper”,the author indicates that countless inventions are .‎ A.beneficial,because their inventors are famous B. beneficial,though their inventors are less famous C.not useful, because their inventors are less famous D. not useful, though their inventors are famous ‎57.Professor Joan McLean’s course aims to_____.‎ A. add colour and variety to students’ campus life B. inform students of the windshield wiper’s invention C. carry out the requirements by Mountain University D. pre[are students to try theie own invention ‎58．Tommy Lee’s invention of the unbreakable umbrella was _________. A. not eventually accepted by the umbrella producer B. inspired by the story behind the windshield wiper C. due to his dream of being caught in a rainstorm D. not related to Professor Joan McLean’s lectures ‎59. Which 0f the following can best serve as the title of this passage? A How to Help Students to Sell Their Inventions to Producers? B How to Design a Built-in Dervice for Cleaning the Window? C Shouldn’t We Know Who Inventd the Windshield Wiper? D Shouldn’t We Develop Invention Courses in Universities? ‎ ‎60．Which of the following is discouraged by the Friends organization?‎ A．To bulid massive complexes for public amusement.‎ B．To prevent possible damages to the National Park.‎ C．To help protect and improve the Park for all to enjoy.‎ D.To sponsor publicationsand projects in local school.‎ ‎61. One of thebenefits for members of Friends is to .‎ A. have Friends’goods free of charge B. visit any place not open to the public C.take part in work parties if they want to D.give talks in their fields on current issues ‎62.The purpose of this poster is to invite more people to_______________.‎ A. raise money for the Friends organization B. join the Friends organization and be members of it C. work as managers for Pembroke shire National Park D. enjoy the landscape of Pembroke shire National Park C According to the US government, wind farms off the Pacific coast could produce 900 gig watts of electricity every year.Unfortunately,the water there is far too deep for even the tallest windmills(see picture)to touch bottom. An experiment under way off the coast of Norway,however,could help put them anywhere.‎ The project, called Hywind,is the world’s first large-scale deepwater wind turbine(涡轮发电机).Although it uses a fairly standard 152-ton,2.3-megawatt turbine,Hywind represents totally new technology. The turbine will be fixed 213 feet above the water on a floating spar(see picture),a technology Hywind’s creator,the Norwegian company StatoilHydro,has developed recently. The steel spar, which is filled with stones and goes 328 feet below the sea surface, will be tied to the ocean floor by three cable(缆索)；these will keep the spar stable and prevent the turbine from moving up and down in the waves.Hywind’s stability(稳定性)in the cold and rough sea would prove that even the deepest corners of the ocean are suitable for wind power. If all goes according to plan, the turbine will start producing electricity six miles off the coast of southwestern Norway as early as September.‎ To produce electricity on a large scale, a commercial wind farm will have to use bigger turbines than Hywind does, but it’s difficult enough to balance such a large turbine so high on a floating spar in the middle of the ocean. To make that turbine heavier, the whole spar’s to design a new kind of wind turbine, one whose gearbox(变速箱) sits at sea level rather than behind the blades (see picture )‎ Hywind is a test run, but the benefits for perfecting floating wind-farm technology could be extremely large. Out at sea, the wind is often stronger and steadier than close to shore, where all existing offshore windmills are planted. Deep-sea farms are invisible from land, which helps overcome the windmill-as-eyesore objection. If the technology catches on, it will open up vast areas of the planet’s surface to one of the best low-carbon power sources available.‎ ‎63. The Hywind project uses totally new technology to ensure the stability of _______.‎ A. the cables which tie the spar to the ocean floor B. the spar which is floating in deep-sea water C. the blades driven by strong and steady sea wind D. the stones filled in the spar below the sea surface ‎64. To balance a bigger turbine high on a flatting spar, a new type of turbine is to be designed with its gearbox sitting ____________.‎ A. on the sea floor B. on the spar top C. at sea level D. behind the blades ‎65. Wide applications of deepwater wind power technology can ____________.‎ A. solve the technical problems of deepwater windmills B. make financial profits by producing more turbines C. settle the arguments about environmental problems D. explore low-carbon power resources available at sea D Shay asked, “Do you think they’ll let me play?” Shay’s father knew that most of the boys would ‎ not want someone like Shay on their team, but the father also understood that if his son, mentally and physically disabled, were allowed to play, it would give him a much-needed sense of belonging and some confidence.‎ Shay’s father approached one of the boys on the field and asked if Shay could play, not expecting much. The boy looked around and said, “We’re losing by six runs (分) and the game is in the eighth inning (局).I guess he can be on our team and we’ll try to put him in to bat in the final inning.‎ Shay struggled over to the team’s bench and put on a team shirt with a broad smile and his father had a small tear in his eye and warmth in heart. The boys saw the father’s joy at his son being accepted.‎ In the bottom of the eighth inning, Shay’s team scored a few runs but was still behind by three. In the top of the final inning, Shay put on a glove and played in the field. Even though no hits came his way, he was obviously joyful just to be in the game and on the field. In the bottom of the final inning, Shay’s team scored again. Now, Shay was scheduled to be next at bat. Would they let Shay bat and give away their chance to win the game?‎ Surprisingly, Shay was given the bat. Everyone knew that a hit was almost impossible. The first pitch (投) came and Shay missed. The pitcher again again took a few steps forward to throw the ball softly towards Shay. As the pitch came in , Shay swung at the ball and hit a slow ground ball right back to the pitcher.‎ The pitcher could have easily thrown he ball to the first baseman and Shay would have been out and that would have been the end of the game .Instead, the pitcher threw the ball right over the head of the first baseman, beyond the reach of all teammates, The audience and the players from both teams started screaming,“Shay, run to first! ”Never in his life had Shay ever run that far but made it to first base, wide-eyed and shocked..‎ Everyone should, “Run to second!” Catching his breath, Shay awkwardly ran towards second.By the time Shay rounded towards second base, the smallest guy on their team,who had a chance to be the hero for his team fir the first time,could have thrown the ball to the second baseman, but he understood the pitcher’s intentions and he too intentionally threw the ball high and far over the third baseman’s head.‎ All were screaming，“Shay，Shay，Shay，all the way Shay.” Shay reached third base when one opposing player ran to help him and shouted, “Shay, run to third.” As Shay rounded third, all were on their feet, crying,“Shay, run home！”Shay ran to home, stepped on the home base and was cheered as the hero who the who won the game for his team.‎ That day, the boys from both teams helped bring a piece true love and humanity into this world. Shay didn’t make it to another summer and died that winter, having never forgotten being the hero and making his father so happy and coming home and seeing his mother tearfully hug her little hero of the day!‎ ‎66.Not expecting much, Shay’s father still asked the boy if Shay could play, mainly because the father _________.‎ A. noticed some of the boys on the field were heisting B. guessed his presence would affect the boy’s decision C. learned some of the boys on the field knew Shay well D. understood Shay did need a feeling of being accepted ‎67. In the bottom of the final inning Shay was given the bat because the boys _________.‎ A. believed they were sure to win the game B. would like to help Shay enjoy the game C. found Shay was so eager to be a winner D. fell forced to give Shay another chance ‎68. The smallest boy threw the ball high and far over the third baseman’s head, probably because that boy ________.‎ A. was obviously aware of the pitcher’s purpose B. looked forward to winning the game for his team C. failed to throw the ball to the second baseman D. saw that Shay already reached second base ‎69. Which of the following has nothing to do with Shay’s becoming the hero for his team?‎ A. The pitcher did not throw the ball to the first baseman.‎ B. The audience and the players from both teams cheered for him.‎ C. The opposing players failed to stop his running to home.‎ D. One of the opposing players ran to help him.‎ ‎70. What to you think is the theme of the story?‎ A. True human nature could be realized in the way we treat each other.‎ B. Everyone has his own strength even if mentally or physically disabled.‎ C. Everyone can develop his team spirit in sports and please his parents.‎ D. The results of the game should not be the only concern of the players.‎ 第四部分：任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ 请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。‎ 注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。‎ When Should a Leader Apologize and When Not?‎ Why Difficult?‎ When we wrong someone we know, even not intentionally, we are generally expected to apologize so as to improve the situation. But when we’re acting as leaders, the circumstances are different. The act of apology is carried out not merely at the level of the individual but also at the level of the institution. It is a performance in which every expression matters and every word becomes part of the public record. Refusing to apologize can be smart, or it can be stupid. So, readiness to apologize can be seen as a sign of strong character or as a sign of weakness. A successful apology can turn hate into personal and organizational harmony—while an apology that is too little, too late, or too obviously strategic can bring on individual and institutional ruin. What, then, is to be done? How can leaders decide if and when to apologize publicly?‎ Why Now?‎ The question of whether leaders should apologize publicly has never been more urgent. During the last decade or so, the United States in particular has developed an apology culture—apologies of all kinds and for all sorts of wrongdoings are made far more frequently than before. More newspaper writers have written about the growing importance of public apologies. More articles, cartoons, advice columns, and radio and television programs have similarly dealt with the subject of private apologies.‎ Why Bother?‎ Why do we apologize? Why do we ever put ourselves in situations likely to be difficult, embarrassing, and even risky? Leaders who apologize publicly could be an easy target. They are ‎ expected to appear strong and capable. And whenever they make public statements of any kind, their individual and institutional reputations are in danger. Clearly, then, leaders should not apologize often or lightly. For a leader to express apology, there needs to be a good, strong reason. Leaders will publicly apologize if and when they think the costs of doing so are lower than the costs of not doing so.‎ Why Refuse?‎ Why is it that leaders so often refuse to apologize, even when a public apology seems to be in order? Their reasons can be individual or institutional. Because leaders are public figures, their apologies are likely to be personally uncomfortable and even professionally risky. Leaders may also be afraid that admission of a mistake will damage or destroy the organization for which they are responsible. There can be good reasons for hanging tough in tough situations, as we shall see, but it is a high-risk strategy.‎ ‎2011年（江西卷）‎ 共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分 四个选项（ABC和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将其涂黑。‎ A ‎“Mum, what does it mean when someone tells you that they have a skeleton(骨髓) in the closet(衣橱)?” Jessica asked. “A skeleton in the closet?” her mother paused thoughtfully. “Well, it’s something that you would rather not have anyone else know about. For example, if in the past, someone in Dad’s family had been arrested for stealing a horse, it would be ‘a skeleton in his family’s closet’. He really wouldn’t want any neighbor to know about it.”‎ ‎ “Why pick on my family?” Jenica’s father said with anger. “Your family history isn’t so good. you know. Wasn’t your great-great-grandfather a prisoner who was transported to Australia for his crimes?” “Yes, but people these days say that you are not a real Austalian unless your ancestors arrived as prisoners .” “Gosh, sorry I asked, I think I understand now,” Jessica cut in before things grew worse.‎ ‎ After dinner, the house was very quiet. Jeassica’s parents were still quite angry wich each other. Her mother was ironing clothes and every now and then she glared at her hushand, who hid beinnd his newspaper pretending to read. When she finished, she garhered the frehly presscd clothes in her arms and walked to Jessica’a closet. Just as she opened the door and reached in to hang a skirt, a bony arm stuck out from the dark depths and a bundle of white bones tell to the floor. Jessica’s mother sank into a faint(晕倒), waking only when Jessica put a cold, wet cloth on her forehead. She looked up to see the worried faces of her husband and daughter.‎ ‎ “What happened？Where am I?” she asked. “You just destroyed the school’s skeleton, Mum,” explained Jessica. “I brought it home to help me with my health project, I meant to tell you, but it seemed that as soon as I mentioned skeletons and closets, it caused a problem between you and Dad.” Jessica looked in amazement as her parents began to laugh madly. “they’re both crazy,” she thought.‎ ‎56.According to Jessica’s mother, “a skeleton in the closet” means ______.‎ A.a family honor B. a family sceret C.a family story D.a family treasure ‎57.What can we learn about some Australians’ ancestors from Paragraph 2?‎ A.They were brought to Australia as prisoners.‎ B.They were the earliest people living in Ausrtralia C.They were involved in some crimes in Australia.‎ D.They were not regarded as criminals in their day.‎ ‎58. Jessica’s mother fell down into a faint because she was ________.‎ A.knocked B. frightend C.injured D.surpresend ‎59.Why did Jessica bring a skelton home?‎ A.she was cruious about it B. she planned to keep it for fun.‎ C.She needed it for her school task D.She intended to scare her patents ‎60. Jessica’s parents laughed madly at the end of the stary probably because_________.‎ A. they were carzy. ‎ B. they were overexcited C.they realized their miundentanding D.they both thought they bad won the quarrel B Winners Club You choose to be a winner！‎ The Winners Club is a bank account specially designed for teenagers. It has been made to help you better manage your money. The Winners Club is a transaction account（交易账户）where you receive a key-card so you can get to your money 24/7—that’s 24 hours a day, 7 days a week!‎ It’s a club with impressive features for teenagers：‎ No account keeping fees！‎ You’re no millionaire so we don’t expect you to pay large fees. In fact, there are no account keeping or transactiong fees!‎ Excellent interest rates!‎ You want your money to grow. The Winners Club has a good rate of interest which gets even better if you make at least two deposits（储蓄）without talking them out in a month.‎ Convenient Teenagers are busy—we get that. You may never need to come to a bank at all. With the Winners Club you can choose to use lundy tellers and to bank from home using the phone and the Internent…You can have money directly deposited into your Winners Club account. This could be your pocket money or your pay form your part-time job!‎ Mega magazine included Along with your regular report, you will receive a FREE magazine full of good ideas to make even more of your money. There are also fantastic offers and competitions only for Winners Club members.‎ The Winners Club is a great choice for teenagers. And it is so easy to join. Simply fill in an application form. You will have to get permisson from your parent or guardian(so we can organize that cool key-card) but it is easy. We cant’t wait to hear from you. It’s the best way to choose to be a winner!‎ ‎61. The Winners Club is a bank account intended for _________.‎ A. parents B. teenagers C. winners D. adults ‎62. Which of the following is TRUE about the Winners Club？‎ A. Special gifts are ready for parents.‎ B. The bank opens only on work days.‎ C. Services are conveient for its members.‎ D. Fees are necessary for the acceount keeping.‎ ‎63. The Winners Club provides magazines which_______.‎ A. encourage spending B. are free to all teenagers C. are full of adventure sercices D. help to make more of your money ‎64. If you want to be a member of the Club, you must _________.‎ A. be an Internet user B. be permitt by your parent C. have a big sum of money D. be in your twenties ‎65. What is the purpose of this text?‎ A. To set up a club. B. To provide part-time jobs.‎ C. To organize key-cards. D. To introduce a new banking service.‎ C The garden city was largely the invention of Ebenezer Howard (1850-1928). After immigrating form England to the USA, and an unsuccessful attempt to make a living as a farmer, he moved to Chicago, where he saw the reconstruction of the city after the disastrous fire of 1871. In those days, it was nicknamed “the Garden City”, almost certainly the source of Howard’s name for his later building plan of towns. Returning to London, Howard developed his design in the 1880s and 1890s, drawing on ideas that were popular at the time, but creating a unique combination of designs.‎ The nineteenth-century poor city was in many ways a terrible place, dirty and crowded; but it offered economic and social opportunities. At the same time, the British countryside was in fact equally unattractive: though it promised fresh air and nature, it suffered from agricultural depression(萧条) and it offered neither enough work and wages, nor much social life. Howard’s idea was to combine the best of town and country in a new kind of settlement, the garden city. Howard’s idea was that a group of people should set up a company, borrowing money to establish a garden city in the depressed countryside; far enough from existing cities to make sure that the land was bought at the bottom price.‎ Garden cities would provide a central public open space, radial avenues and connecting industries. They would be surrounded by a much larger area of green belt, also owned by the company, containing not merely farms but also some industrial institutions. As more and more people moved in, the garden city would reach its planned limit-Howard suggested 32,000 people; then, another would be started a short distance away. Thus, over time, there would develop a vast planned house collection, extending almost without limit; within it, each garden city would offer a wide rang of jobs and services, but each would also be connected to the others by a rapid transportation system, thus giving all the economic and social opportunities of a big city.‎ ‎66. How did Howard get the name for his building plan of garden cities?‎ ‎ A. Through his observation of the country life.‎ ‎ B. Through the combination of different ideas.‎ ‎ C. By taking other people’s advice.‎ ‎ D. By using the nickname of the reconstructed Chicago.‎ ‎67. The underlined phrase “drawing on ”in Paragraph 1 probably means______.‎ ‎ A. making use of B. making comments on ‎ ‎ C. giving an explanation of D. giving a description of ‎ ‎68. According to Howard, garden cities should be built______.‎ ‎ A. as far as possible from existing cities ‎ B. in the countryside where the land was cheap ‎ C. in the countryside where agriculture was developed ‎ D. near cities where employment opportunities already existed ‎69. What can we learn about garden cities from the last paragraph?‎ ‎ A. Their number would continue to rise ‎ B. Each one would continue to become larger ‎ C. People would live and work in the same place ‎ D. Each one would contain a certain type of business ‎70. What could be the best title for the passage?‎ ‎ A. City and Countryside B. The Invention of the Garden City ‎ C.A New City in Chicago D. A Famous Garden City in England D Why should mankind explore space? Why should money, time and effort be spent exploring and researching something with so few apparent benefits? Why should resources be spent on space rather than on conditions and people on Earth? These are questions that, understandably, are very often asked.‎ ‎ Perhaps the best answer lies in our genetic makeup(基因构成) as human beings. What drove our ancestors to move from the trees into the plains, and on into all possible areas and environments? The wider the spread of a species, the better its chance of survival. Perhaps the best reason for exploring space is this genetic tendency to expand wherever possible.‎ Nearly every successful civilization has explored, because by doing so, any dangers in surrounding areas can be identified and prepared for. Without knowledge, we may be completely destroyed by the danger. With knowledge, we can lessen its effects.‎ ‎ Exploration also allows minerals and other potential (潜在的) resources to be found. Even if we have no immediate need of them, they will perhaps be useful later. Resources may be more than physical possessions. Knowledge or techniques have been acquired through exploration. The techniques may have medical applications which can improve the length or quality of our lives. We have already benefited from other spin-offs including improvements in earthquake prediction, in satellites for weather forecasting and in communications systems. Even non-stick pans and mirrored sunglasses are by-products (副产品) of technological developments in the space, the chance to save ourselves might not exist.‎ While many resources are spent on what seems a small return, the exploration of space allows creative, brave and intelligent members of our species to focus on what may serve to save us. While space may hold many wonders and explanations of how the universe was formed or how it works, it also holds dangers. The danger exists, but knowledge can help human being to survive. Without the ability to reach out across space, the chance to save ourselves might not exist.‎ While Earth is the only planet known to support life, surely the adaptive ability of humans would allow us to live on other planets. It is true that the lifestyle would be different, but human life and cultures have adapted in the past and surely could in the future.‎ ‎71. Why does the author mention the questions in Paragraph1?‎ ‎ A. To express his doubts.‎ ‎ B. To compare different ideas.‎ ‎ C. To introduce points for discussion.‎ ‎ D. To describe the conditions on Earth.‎ ‎72. What is the reason for exploring space based on Paragraph2?‎ ‎ A. Humans are nature-born to do so.‎ ‎ B. Humans have the tendency to fight.‎ ‎ C. Humans may find new sources of food.‎ ‎ D. Humans don’t like to stay in the same place.‎ ‎73. The underlined word “spin-offs” in Paragraph 4 probably refers to______.‎ ‎ A. survival chances B. potential resources ‎ C. unexpected benefits D. physical possessions ‎74. What makes it possible for humans to live on other planets?‎ ‎ A. O ur genetic makeup. B. Resources on the earth..‎ ‎ C. The adaptive ability of humans. D. By-products in space exploration.‎ ‎75. Which of the statements can best sum un the passage?‎ ‎ A. Space exploration has created many wonders.‎ ‎ B. Space exploration provided the best value for money.‎ ‎ C. Space exploration may help us avoid potential problems on Earth. ‎ 阅读 BABCC BCDBD DABAD CACCD